how to become good in problem solving

10 Best Ways to Become a Problem-Solver (Tips & Strategies)

Do you want to be a better problem-solver? Explore the skills you need to become more effective and confident at improving things for the better.

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Are you human? Then you face problems every day! 

Whether you’re trying to figure out where to go to lunch with a group of friends who have varying dietary issues, or you can’t figure out why your customer management system at work keeps shutting down, your problems throughout your life will range from major to minor, and everything in between.

Do you want to be a better problem solver? It’s not too late to gain the skills you need to become more effective and confident at improving things for the better.

In this article, we’ll look at problem-solving, its importance, and ten tips and strategies to become a better problem-solver. 

What is Problem-Solving? (Definition)

Problem-solving is the process of breaking down challenges to find solutions. Typically it is a four-stage process of 1) identifying an issue, 2) establishing a plan, 3) executing the plan, and 4) finding a resolution. However, problem-solving can begin before a problem even occurs. For example, crisis management includes pre-planning for situations that could arise. 

What is the Importance of Problem-Solving? (Examples)

Problem-solving is important because it allows people to evaluate a problem, seek greater understanding, develop execution plans, overcome obstacles, and ultimately find a resolution. 

Those resolutions lead to many benefits, including:

• Fixing what’s broken
• Improving performance
• Increasing productivity
• Building confidence
• Avoiding risk

Here are some examples of common problems.

In the workplace: One familiar workplace problem leaders deal with is the lack of employee engagement . With good problem-solving skills, you can determine the root cause, where there may be a lack of understanding, the steps required to improve engagement, and how to get others involved in solving the issue. 

In a crisis: One crisis situation you might find yourself in is discovering your significant other has just been in a car accident. With good problem-solving skills, you can quickly assess the situation and identify steps to contact authorities, get them to a hospital within their insurance network, and sort out the insurance details while also balancing what to do about the family details at home.

In everyday life: An everyday life problem you might deal with is what you’re having for dinner! (Depending on your household, this can sometimes turn into a crisis, right?!) With good problem-solving skills, you can assess what you have on hand already, how much time you have, what others might prefer, who’s cooking, when you’ll eat, and make a decision. 

What Are the Characteristics of a Good Problem Solver?

The characteristics and qualities of a good problem solver include the ability to understand the issue, rally others together, and empower appropriate players to execute a solution. 

To do this well, problem solvers often have a knack for these skills:

• Identifying risk and opportunity
• Communicating clearly
• Listening well
• Emotional Intelligence
• Planning ahead
• Recognizing individuals’ strengths
• Accountability and discipline
• Collaborating with others
• Thinking objectively
• Getting creative
• Making smart decisions

Let’s look at how good problem solvers put these skills into action!

10 Tips and Strategies to Become a Better Problem Solver

Get clear about what the problem is.

If the problem you’re trying to solve involves multiple people—and most likely it does—it’s important to get clear about what the problem is before you start trying to solve it. People often go around in circles trying to solve a problem until they realize they weren’t on the same page from the start. It’s a time-waster!

To clarify the problem, start with clarifying questions:

• What is your perspective on the problem we’re trying to solve?
• What is your perspective on how we got here?
• What do you perceive that I’m thinking about the issue?
• What are your motives for solving the problem?

After you get clarity, you may discover multiple problems on the table. If you come to this realization, solve one of them at a time.

 Identify what needs to happen

Once you’re clear about the problem, start identifying your next steps and the goal to solve the problem. To do this, you’ll want to identify your ideal outcome and the method to reach that outcome.

For example, your problem, outcome, and method might look something like this:

Problem: Our sales team is upset that they don’t get enough sales leads from marketing.

Ideal outcome: Our marketing system and process generates enough leads to increase sales over the next year.

Method: Analyze what’s not working in the current system and reorganize or implement a new lead-generating system.

To help you set better goals as you solve problems, check out this helpful resource:

How To Set Better Goals Using Science

Do you set the same goals over and over again? If you’re not achieving your goals – it’s not your fault! Let me show you the science-based goal-setting framework to help you achieve your biggest goals.

Ask open-ended questions 

Often, there needs to be more clarity and communication at the root of many problems. To identify where something went wrong and how to solve it, gather data with questions for everyone involved. Try keeping your questions open-ended to avoid the risk of sounding accusatory with closed-ended, yes or no questions. Allow people to process and explain how they understand the issue. 

Some open-ended questions you can ask to start solving a problem include:

• What is your perspective on what happened?
• What is your perspective on this issue? 
• Where do you think this problem stems from?
• What do you think would help solve this problem?
• What feels unclear about the problem?
• What do you think is misunderstood by others?
• What story might you be telling yourself regarding this problem?

Bonus Tip: If you’re a leader, it is especially important not to limit your questions to fellow senior leaders, especially if the problem affects the organization or a wider group. Ask questions at all levels.  

Often, in hierarchically structured organizations, the employees working in the everyday processes know the issues but may feel unsure about how to bring them up. Ask! But be sure not to shoot the messenger; reward them for their feedback and support. 

Avoid the knee-jerk reaction

When you’re presented with a problem, it’s best to take a beat to assess the situation before you react. That is unless you’re facing a life-threatening situation like a house fire, physical attack, or baseball heading straight for your head. For the sake of this article, we’ll stick to solving general problems, not life-threatening problems. 

Common knee-jerk reactions include:

• Putting the blame on someone else
• Getting defensive 
• Jumping to conclusions
• Baseless anger
• Making regrettable decisions

To avoid reacting or making a decision you’ll regret later, try a centering activity like:

• Taking deep breaths
• Taking a walk to clear your head and get your blood moving
• Analyzing your initial reactions 
• Writing down what you know, don’t know, and what might be confusing

Think and plan proactively

No one is immune to problems. As much as you can, plan for potential problems down the road, even if you don’t think they’ll happen. You never know! 

Generally, we like to think positively, but in this case, the question, “What’s the worst that can happen?” can help you prepare for all kinds of situations. This is where lessons from crisis management are beneficial in your problem-solving process. 

In the readiness stage of crisis management, you’ll want to:

• Identify potential threats. What could make things harder?
• Identify weaknesses. If something were to happen, do we have the ability to face it?
• Plan your response to various scenarios. If this…then that…
• Set up your communication channels. If something happens, X is in charge of communicating X through X. 

Stay open to feedback and ideas

When you’re presented with a problem, your initial reaction may be to want to solve it as quickly as possible so that you can move past it and move on. However, when you get reactive to problems, you will more likely end up with bandaid solutions and even more issues down the road. Give yourself time to stay open to feedback and ideas as you investigate solutions.

To remain open, prime your brain to think objectively and creatively. There may be solutions in places you haven’t considered, even outside your industry or network.

• Ask for perspectives from people outside of your team. For example, maybe someone in IT has an idea for an issue you’re dealing with in HR.
• Expose yourself to authors and leaders facing similar issues. What kind of things do they do to solve similar issues?
• Expose yourself to authors and leaders facing different issues. Often, thinking through how someone else solved a problem in a situation entirely outside yours helps you see things from a new perspective.

Fun Bonus Tip: Ask a child what they would do! You might hear an outside-of-the-box idea you would never have come up with on your own. And while you may not use their idea, it could help get your juices flowing to come up with a solution!

Identify the best players to solve the problem

Not all problems need to be solved by the leader. One of the most empowering things a leader can do is provide resources and space to allow people with the strengths and skills to do what needs to be done. 

To identify the best players to solve the problem, ask yourself and others these questions:

• What skills and strengths are needed to solve the problem?
• Who on our team best fits those skill sets and strengths? 
• If the skills and strengths are outside the team, where can we outsource talent?
• How can we collaborate and complement each other’s strengths?
• What resources are needed to help solve the problem?
• What must we learn more about to solve this problem well?

Create execution plans

Once you’ve identified the problem, figured out what needs to happen, and determined the best players to solve the problem, it’s time to create the execution plan and get started. 

If you’re the leader, and you’ve determined who the best players are to solve the problem, it’s best to delegate the execution and resource them well. Micromanagement in this stage may create a whole new set of problems!

Chris McChesney identifies four disciplines of execution 1 https://pages.franklincovey.com/4d-landing-pages-execute-goals-create-breakthrough-results-guide-nw.html which include:

• Focus on the wildly important goal. What is the most important thing that must be achieved to solve the problem?
• Act on lead measures. What are the tasks and activities that will drive results?
• Keep a compelling scoreboard. What will determine whether we are moving closer to our goal?
• Create a cadence of accountability. How will we report, review, and plan for ongoing success?

Lead courageously and humbly

One thing that separates a good problem solver from an average one is that a good problem solver doesn’t ignore, run away from, deflect, or deny the problem exists. They face it head-on with humility and curiosity. You can do just that whether or not you have a leadership title.

“A leader is anyone who takes responsibility for finding the potential in people and processes and has the courage to develop that potential. Leadership is not about titles or the corner office. It’s about the willingness to step up, put yourself out there, and lean into courage.” –Brené Brown, Ph.D., MSW.

In Brené Brown’s book, Dare to Lead , she identifies four leadership skill sets of daring leaders:

• Rumbling with vulnerability: A willingness to be all in, even in the face of uncertainty
• Living into our values: Walking the talk about what we believe
• Braving trust: Being someone who has boundaries, is reliable and accountable, is a safe space to share things with, has integrity, and is non-judgmental and generous
• Learning to rise: Getting curious about what you feel and why

Are you a courageous leader? Take Brené Brown’s Daring Leadership Assessment .

Train for the future

To be human is to have problems occasionally. But equipping yourself with problem-solving skills will make you far better off when they arise. Be good to your future self and train yourself to be ready with helpful resources and books, including:

• The 4 Disciplines of Execution
• Fixed: How to Perfect the Fine Art of Problem Solving
• Upstream: The Quest to Solve Problems Before They Happen
• Problem-Solving 101: A Simple Book for Smart People

Problem-Solving Takeaways

In summary, take note of these tips to become a better problem solver:

• Avoid the knee-jerk reaction. Take a moment before you jump to conclusions.
• Ask open-ended questions. Gather data and perspectives from everyone involved.
• Think and plan proactively. Apply crisis management principles to plan ahead.
• Stay open to feedback and ideas. Listen to different perspectives to think creatively.
• Get clear about what the problem is. Ask clarifying questions to identify the issue.
• Identify what needs to happen. Determine the ideal outcome or end goal.
• Identify the best players to solve the problem. Empower those who can make it happen.
• Create execution plans. A plan of action should be as clear as possible.
• Lead courageously and humbly. Don’t be afraid to face problems head-on.
• Train for the future. Get equipped to become a better problem solver.

For more support to become a better problem solver, check out our article How to Master Strategic Thinking Skills in 7 Simple Steps .

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How to Improve Problem Solving Skills

Last Updated: July 24, 2024 Approved

This article was co-authored by Erin Conlon, PCC, JD . Erin Conlon is an Executive Life Coach, the Founder of Erin Conlon Coaching, and the host of the podcast "This is Not Advice." She specializes in aiding leaders and executives to thrive in their career and personal lives. In addition to her private coaching practice, she teaches and trains coaches and develops and revises training materials to be more diverse, equitable, and inclusive. She holds a BA in Communications and History and a JD from The University of Michigan. Erin is a Professional Certified Coach with The International Coaching Federation. There are 11 references cited in this article, which can be found at the bottom of the page. wikiHow marks an article as reader-approved once it receives enough positive feedback. In this case, 93% of readers who voted found the article helpful, earning it our reader-approved status. This article has been viewed 243,265 times.

The ability to solve problems applies to more than just mathematics homework. Analytical thinking and problem-solving skills are a part of many jobs, ranging from accounting and computer programming to detective work and even creative occupations like art, acting, and writing. While individual problems vary, there are certain general approaches to problem-solving like the one first proposed by mathematician George Polya in 1945. By following his principles of understanding the problem, devising a plan, carrying out the plan, and looking back, you can improve your problem-solving and tackle any issue systematically.

Define the problem clearly.

• Try to formulate questions. Say that as a student you have very little money and want to find an effective solution. What is at issue? Is it one of income – are you not making enough money? Is it one of over-spending? Or perhaps you have run into unexpected expenses or your financial situation has changed?

State your objective.

• Say that your problem is still money. What is your goal? Perhaps you never have enough to go out on the weekend and have fun at the movies or a club. You decide that your goal is to have more spending cash. Good! With a clear goal, you have better defined the problem.

Gather information systematically.

• To solve your money shortage, for example, you would want to get as detailed a picture of your financial situation as possible. Collect data through your latest bank statements and to talk to a bank teller. Track your earnings and spending habits in a notebook, and then create a spreadsheet or chart to show your income alongside your expenditures.

Analyze information.

• Say you have now collected all your bank statements. Look at them. When, how, and from where is your money coming? Where, when, and how are you spending it? What is the overall pattern of your finances? Do you have a net surplus or deficit? Are there any unexplained items?

Generate possible solutions.

• Your problem is a lack of money. Your goal is to have more spending cash. What are your options? Without evaluating them, come up with possible options. Perhaps you can acquire more money by getting a part-time job or by taking out a student loan. On the other hand, you might try to save by cutting your spending or by lowering other costs.
• Divide and conquer. Break the problem into smaller problems and brainstorm solutions for them separately, one by one.
• Use analogies and similarities. Try to find a resemblance with a previously solved or common problem. If you can find commonalities between your situation and one you've dealt with before, you may be able to adapt some of the solutions for use now.

Evaluate the solutions and choose.

• How can you raise money? Look at expenditures – you aren’t spending much outside of basic needs like tuition, food, and housing. Can you cut costs in other ways like finding a roommate to split rent? Can you afford to take a student loan just to have fun on the weekend? Can you spare time from your studies to work part-time?
• Each solution will produce its own set of circumstances that need evaluation. Run projections. Your money problem will require you to draw up budgets. But it will also take personal consideration. For example, can you cut back on basic things like food or housing? Are you willing to prioritize money over school or to take on debt?

Implement a solution.

• You decide to cut costs, because you were unwilling to take on debt, to divert time away from school, or to live with a roommate. You draw up a detailed budget, cutting a few dollars here and there, and commit to a month-long trial.

Review and evaluate the outcome.

• The results of your trial are mixed. On one hand, you have saved enough during the month for fun weekend activities. But there are new problems. You find that you must choose between spending cash and buying basics like food. You also need a new pair of shoes but can’t afford it, according to your budget. You may need to a different solution.

Adjust if necessary.

• After a month, you decide to abandon your first budget and to look for part-time work. You find a work-study job on campus. Making a new budget, you now have extra money without taking too much time away from your studies. You may have an effective solution.

Do regular mental exercises.

• Word games work great. In a game like “Split Words,” for example, you have to match word fragments to form words under a given theme like “philosophy.” In the game, “Tower of Babel,” you will need to memorize and then match words in a foreign language to the proper picture.
• Mathematical games will also put your problem solving to the test. Whether it be number or word problems, you will have to activate the parts of your brain that analyze information. For instance: “James is half as old now as he will be when he is 60 years older than he was six years before he was half as old as he is now. How old will James be when his age is twice what it was 10 years after he was half his current age?”

Play video games.

• Play something that will force you to think strategically or analytically. Try a puzzle game like Tetris. Or, perhaps you would rather prefer a role-playing or strategy game. In that case, something like “Civilization” or “Sim-City” might suit you better.

Take up a hobby.

• Web design, software programming, jigsaw puzzles, Sudoku, and chess are also hobbies that will force you to think strategically and systematically. Any of these will help you improve your overall problem solving.

Expert Q&A

You Might Also Like

• ↑ https://www.healthywa.wa.gov.au/Articles/N_R/Problem-solving
• ↑ https://asq.org/quality-resources/problem-solving
• ↑ https://ctb.ku.edu/en/table-of-contents/evaluate/evaluate-community-interventions/collect-analyze-data/main
• ↑ https://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newCT_96.htm
• ↑ https://www.skillsyouneed.com/ips/problem-solving.html
• ↑ Erin Conlon, PCC, JD. Executive Life Coach. Expert Interview. 31 August 2021.
• ↑ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5930973/
• ↑ https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2018/oct/13/mental-exercises-to-keep-your-brain-sharp
• ↑ https://www.apa.org/monitor/2014/02/video-game
• ↑ https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-05449-7

About This Article

To improve your problem-solving skills, start by clearly defining the problem and your objective or goal. Next, gather as much information as you can about the problem and organize the data by rewording, condensing, or summarizing it. Then, analyze the information you've gathered, looking for important links, patterns, and relationships in the data. Finally, brainstorm possible solutions, evaluate the solutions, and choose one to implement. For tips on implementing solutions successfully, read on! Did this summary help you? Yes No

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A Beginner’s Guide for Becoming a Better Problem Solver

How you think about a problem is more important than the problem itself. – Norman Vincent Peale

Three Methods of Thinking

Problem-solving, creative and critical thinking go hand-in-hand helping us to see the world from a number of different vantage points. Each of these ways of thinking strengthens our capacity to think flexibly and intelligently when faced with the unending problems that life throws our way.

This post will specifically focus on the process of problem-solving and how you can use it to break through life’s most difficult challenges. We will specifically explore the attitude, beliefs, habits, and qualities that are indispensable for effective problem-solving. We will also outline a primary problem-solving method that will help you to break down any obstacles that stand in your way. And to finish off we will look at some ongoing problem-solving tactics you can use to keep your mind focused and proactive when dealing with life’s daily challenges.

This article post is part of the  Effective Thinking  series of IQ Matrix maps that are designed to help you successfully deal with the problems and challenges confronting your reality. Topics within this series include:

• Part 1: Strategic Questions • Part 2: Creative Thinking • Part 3: Problem Solving • Part 4: Critical Thinking • Part 5: Six Thinking Hats

Indispensable Problem Solver Attributes

To become a great problem solver requires a little more than a set of effective problem-solving strategies. In fact, your ability to solve problem starts in your head at a psychological level.

If you do not take the time to fully condition your mind and prepare it for the act of problem-solving, then you will struggle to consistently adopt the daily behaviors and rituals that are required for effective problem-solving.

Within this section, we will identify the indispensable attributes required for problem-solving that you must learn to cultivate on a daily basis. If you fail to incorporate these qualities into your psyche, then you will struggle to apply the relevant problem-solving techniques and strategies discussed in this post.

A Problem Solver’s Attitude

A problem solver’s attitude determines how they consistently tackle problems on a daily basis. This attitude is evident in their thoughts, behaviors, and actions, and it is this attitude that helps build their resolve and shapes their character.

Let’s delve into the mind of an effective problem solver and identify some of the attitudes that are absolutely indispensable to their ongoing success:

“I will make sure to do things carefully.”

An effective problem solver always strives to work through their problems in a patient, meticulous and careful way. They fully understand that the care they give to a problem at the beginning will help them to realize better results in the future.

“This problem can be solved.”

An effective problem solver intuitively understands that any problem can and will be solved, given enough time, patience and meticulous careful attention.

“I must persist until a solution is reached.”

An effective problem solver knows that not all problems will be solved within the time frame they may have expected. However, they also understand that if they are persistent and resolute, that eventually a solution will be found.

“If I don’t solve it now, I will next time.”

An effective problem solver realizes that whatever cannot be solved now, will eventually be solved another time.

They fully understand that due to their current level of skill, knowledge, or simply due to circumstances out of their control, that a solution simply cannot be reached.

An effective problem solver will bide their time to acquire new information and knowledge, to develop and enhance their skill levels, and to gain insights from a variety of perspectives. They completely understand that eventually, the right solution will indeed come their way as long as they never give up.

“I am going to enjoy this process.”

An effective problem solver knows that unless they adopt a playful, curious and inquisitive attitude, that they will struggle to find appropriate solutions. They therefore always strive to find new and unique ways to enjoy the process of working their way through a problem.

A Problem Solver’s Beliefs

An effective problem solver has a set of indispensable beliefs and convictions that direct and propels their thoughts, actions, and daily behaviors. These beliefs are so deeply ingrained in their psyche that it would take the force and willpower of the entire world to shake these feeling of certainty.

Beliefs are opinions that we have about things, ourselves, others and the world around us that are injected with an undeniable sense of certainty.

Let’s now take a look at a handful of beliefs that are critical for effective problem solving:

“There is no failure, only feedback.”

An effective problem solver believes that outcomes bring with them no failure, but rather only feedback. This feedback must be used as a source of knowledge, insight, and inspiration to help enhance the decision-making process.

“There is a way to make this work.”

An effective problem solver believes that there is always a way to make things work. They may not see the solution at this very moment, however with a little persistence they wholeheartedly believe that they will eventually reach a satisfactory outcome.

“Choice is better than no choice.”

An effective problem solver believes that it is better to have more choices than to be limited by the choices that one has. As such, they always strive to expand the possibilities, to expand the opportunities and avenues for answers — allowing for as many choices as possible to further their understanding of the problem.

“Success can be modeled.”

An effective problem solver believes that successful problem solving can be modeled. As such, they consistently seek out other people who have successfully overcome similar problems and they attempt to model their thinking, decisions, and actions in a meticulous way. This helps them to overcome the obstacles and challenges in their own life.

“Curiosity expands opportunities and possibilities.”

An effective problem solver believes that one must be curious at all times if one desires to spot the opportunities and possibilities that lie along one’s path.

Curiosity is an endearing characteristic that helps expand creativity, intelligence and one’s ability to think under pressure.

A Problem Solver’s Habits

An effective problem solver has a set of daily habits and rituals. These habits assist them to think more effectively and proactively about the problems and challenges they are confronted with.

Let’s take a look at three habitual thinking patterns that are indispensable for effective problem solving:

Deep Probing

An effective problem solver cultivates the habit of deep-probing. This involves the process of meticulous thinking, which takes into account all angles and perspectives about a problem — making sure that nothing is left to chance.

They fully realize that through a process of simple deduction that they will be better able to work their way through the problem in a more effective and efficient way.

The habit of deep probing can be compared to the simple act of peeling layers off an onion. Each layer that the problem solver peels allows them to dig deeper into the heart of the problem, and thusly closer to the inevitable solution.

Associating with the Past

An effective problem solver realizes that any new piece of information can effectively be associated with past memories, experiences, and learnings, to further their problem-solving ability.

Recognizing Patterns

An effective problem solver effortlessly recognizes patterns within every problem or circumstance.

Everything within our Universe is built upon patterns and rhythmic dances that create the events and circumstances of our lives. In fact, these same patterns cause and create our life’s problems and circumstances.

By identifying and learning to understand these patterns, effective problem solvers are able to decipher clues that will lead them to reliable solutions and answers.

When attempting to identify patterns look for similarities, differences, rhythms, errors, future scenarios and trends that the problem is bringing to light.

A Problem Solver’s Characteristics

An effective problem solver can easily be distinguished from others by the key personality characteristics that naturally help them to break down boundaries and attain the heights of logical and constructive thought.

The characteristics presented below are the primary traits we must cultivate within our own personalities if we seek to successfully overcome the problems and challenges that are confronting our daily lives.

An effective problem solver understands that many problems will never fully be solved if a risk isn’t involved.

A risk may mean overcoming a fear, thinking outside-the-box, or simply making the tough decisions that at the moment may seem uncertain and unclear.

Problem solvers are risk takers who believe that intelligent risk-taking will enable them to reach effective solutions to the challenges confronting their daily reality.

An effective problem solver is persistent in thought, decision, and action. They clearly understand that there are a means and way around any problem, fully believing that as long as they persist and persevere that they will always find an angle that will help them obtain a desired outcome.

Enthusiastic

An effective problem solver displays passion and enthusiasm at all times. These two qualities provide them with the energy and motivation they need to help them overcome the toughest of challenges.

An effective problem solver is meticulous with every step they take moving towards their desired outcomes.

This thoroughness allows them to work through their problems step-by-step — taking into account all angles and perspectives.

Adaptable and Flexible

An effective problem solver is constantly vigilant and aware of constantly changing circumstances. They clearly understand that problems can shift and change at a moments notice, and as a result, they must adapt their approach accordingly.

It is only through flexibility-of-thought that they are able to work through their problems in an efficient and effective way.

Open Minded

An effective problem solver is always humbly open minded to other people’s opinions and perspectives. They clearly understand that they do have all the answers and that others may indeed have alternative views that will help them to see things from new and unique perspectives. This likewise helps open the doors to new understandings that would not otherwise have been available to them.

Lighthearted

An effective problem solver approaches their daily challenges in a light-hearted and playful manner. They fully realize the overwhelming power that problems can have on their psyche. To counteract this, they approach each problem in a playful and light-hearted way — helping them to find solutions and answers where others only see overwhelm and distress.

An effective problem solver is proactive. They understand, they just have to keep moving forward and continue to take proactive action no matter how uncertain events or circumstances may seem at any specific moment in time.

The opposite of being proactive is being reactive . When we are reactive  we become easily overwhelmed by the events and circumstances of our lives because we fail to take control of our emotional responses.

An effective problem solver is a curious thinker .

Curiosity naturally leads to a plethora of questions that need to be answered. Once answered, they can evolve into a myriad of solutions that will help you to attain your desired goals and objectives far more quickly.

Non-Conforming

An effective problem solver does not conform to the standards and norms of mainstream society. Instead, they think out of the box and break the rules in order to attain their desired outcomes.

The Primary Problem Solving Method

There are many problem-solving techniques and strategies that we could present here. However, there is essentially only one primary problem-solving method that will help you to structure and break down a problem step-by-step from the beginning to the very end. To view an advanced version of this problem-solving method, please check out the  Visual Thinking Path .

Within this section, we will work our way through a six-step primary problem-solving method.

By consciously learning to apply each of these steps/phases into your problem-solving regime, you will proactively take control of your daily decision-making process.

The Preparation Phase

This phase helps you to identify, define and decipher an overall picture and understanding of the problem that is currently confronting your reality.

As you progress through this phase, it is important to gain as much clarity about your problem as possible from absolutely every angle and perspective. Any assumptions or misunderstandings here could very well sabotage your ability to reach an effective solution. Therefore be very careful to clarify everything clearly and meticulously.

Identify the Problem

Your first step is to always clearly identify the problem that is confronting your reality. Many people fail to do this correctly, and as a result, they discover that what they thought was a problem is, in fact, a mistaken assumption that now requires a dramatically different approach.

Define Problem in Writing

Once you have identified the problem, your next step is to clearly define it on paper. It is only through the process of writing our thoughts down on paper that we attain the clarity we need to effectively deal with the challenges that stand in our way.

Question the Problem

To further clarify and expand your understanding about this problem, it is recommended that you ask yourself a set of open-ended questions that will help you to define the problem from a variety of angles and perspectives.

The questions you should be asking yourself must be focused on the What? When? Where? Why? Who? and How? of the problem under question.

Undertaking this process with meticulous attention will open new insights and understandings that will help you as you move through this problem-solving strategy.

It is important to understand that you are not seeking solutions or answers here but rather gathering insights about the problem from as many different angles and perspectives you can identify.

Here are a few questions to get you started:

What is the actual problem that is impeding my progress? When did this problem occur? Where did this problem first appear? Why is this problem impeding my progress? Who is involved in this problem? How is this problem influencing other areas of my life?

Determine Possible Causes

Once you have clarified the problem, your next step is to identify the possible causes that may have triggered these outcomes.

Again during this stage, you must continue asking What? When? Where? Why? Who? and How? questions.

What could be the potential causes of this problem? When did these causes originate? Where did these causes originate? Why did these causes originate? Who could have triggered this problem? How does all this help me with identifying the causes of this problem?

Reframe the Problem

Once you have identified and defined the causes of the problem, it is important to open your mind to alternative perspectives.

At this stage, you are not yet seeking answers or solutions but rather opening your mind to different perspectives that will help you to understand the problem from a variety of angles.

Here are a few reframing questions to get you started:

How might other people perceive this problem? How would I perceive this problem if I was to look back on it 12 months from this day? What if I was completely detached from this problem and its outcomes. How would I now perceive it? What has to be true for this to be a problem?

Define Desired Outcomes

Finally, you must gain clarity by defining the desired outcomes you would like to attain from successfully working your way through this problem.

These outcomes will help direct your mind towards solutions as you progressively move through the remaining phases.

The strategy you use to achieve this outcome isn’t important at this stage. The only thing that matters is that you clarify on paper the end objective or goal you would like to achieve.

The Generation Phase

This phase allows for free association and exploration of wild and crazy ideas that must not be judged, criticized or condemned for any reason.

The greater flexibility of thought you incorporate into this phase, the more effective the later phases will become.

It is important throughout this phase that you literally overwhelm your brain with as many solutions as possible. The greater the variety of solutions and strategies you come up with, the more insightful and effective the Incubation Phase will become.

Recall Past Learning, Experiences and Mistakes

Recalling your past life experiences will help you to gain a better perspective on your current predicament.

Many people constantly need to deal with the same ongoing problems because they simply fail to learn from their past experience and mistakes.

It is only through a process of self-reflection and understanding that we will gain the necessary insights to move through our current problems efficiently and effectively.

Keep in mind that any past experience — even if not directly related to your current problems — could potentially help you find the solutions you are after.

Explore Strategies and Solutions

Having brought your past learnings and mistakes into the present, you are now ready to brainstorm solutions and strategies that will help you to successfully overcome the challenge confronting your current reality.

While brainstorming it’s important not judge or criticize your solutions. Your thinking must flow effectively and efficiently from one idea to the next like water gently trickling off a leaf. All you are doing is generating possible and potential solutions that will help to expand your thinking and awareness about the problem you are currently experiencing.

You can lightly consider the drawbacks and obstacles that may be attached to each of your solutions, however primarily spend your time on the benefits of each strategy and how it could potentially lead you to the outcome you outlined within the Preparation Phase.

As a final thought, keep in mind that the how  isn’t important here. Instead, it is the what  that matters.

The Incubation Phase

This could very well be called the Resting Phase .

Your goal  here is to simply allow the solutions and ideas you came up with during the Generation Phase to harvest and grow within the recesses of your mind without ridicule or judgment.

The key here is to separate your mind from the problem so completely that it simply becomes irrelevant and insignificant.

Flowers cannot sprout and grow if weeds are dominating your thought process.

Indulge in Brainstorming Naps

Brainstorming naps are short 15 to 30-minute breaks you take throughout your day where you close your eyes and open yourself up to potential solutions.

Before you take these brainstorming naps, it is important that you partake in a good 30 to 45 minutes of intense thought and self-reflection about possible solutions to your problem.

As you lie back in a comfortable position and close your eyes, ask yourself the following questions:

How can I solve this problem in the most effective and efficient way? What must I do to attain my desired outcome?

Once your questions have been asked, simply settle down and observe your thoughts as though you are watching clouds drifting across the sky. Within these visual images, you may very well find the answers you are after.

Sleep on Problem

Simply put your problem to rest and go to sleep.

As you are nodding off, pose yourself insightful questions that will stimulate the thought process and encourage your brain to search for answers.

When you awaken the next morning, immediately reflect on your thoughts and dreams — they may hold the answers you have been searching for.

Change Your Environment to Improve Incubation

Stepping out into nature or simply into an inspiring and energetic environment will separate you from your problem and help you to think more effectively about potential solutions. However, since we are in the Incubation Phase, it is important to simply let go of the process of intense meticulous thinking. Instead, enjoy your surroundings and the answers you are after will eventually reveal themselves to you. And just in case, have a piece of paper and pen ready to write down inspiring solutions as they come your way.

Evolution Phase

Now that your ideas have had a chance to incubate within the recesses of your mind, you are now ready to take your thinking to the next level — becoming your worst and best critic.

Your goal throughout the Evolution Phase is to break down and clarify all your potential solutions progressively and meticulously allowing for deep insights and all round perspectives.

The more thorough you are while undertaking this process, the fewer problems you will face throughout the Implementation Phase that follows.

Prioritize and Evaluate Solutions

Collate all the solutions you brought forward throughout the Generation and Incubation Phases and evaluate them accordingly.

Evaluate the viability of these solutions by looking at them from a variety of different angles and perspectives. Also, take into account the time and energy you have available that will allow you to bring these solutions into the real world.

Once completed, prioritize your solutions to help you better decipher which ones could best assist you in overcoming your problems most effectively.

Speculate Potential Future Outcomes and Negative Consequences

Future-pace each solution and see it clearly helping you overcome your problem.

Identify the possible drawbacks, weaknesses, strengths and potential opportunities that may result.

The greater clarity you gain here, the easier it will be to settle on an ideal and clear-cut solution to your problem.

Settle on Solutions

Having accumulated a thorough and comprehensive list of solutions throughout the Generation and Incubation Phases, and having outlined the possible consequences of each of these outcomes, you are now ready to select one primary desirable solution that will help you overcome your problem in the most effective and efficient manner.

Take everything into consideration and decide which solution will best help you to achieve your desired outcome.

Implementation Phase

Your goal throughout the Implementation Phase is to progressively and meticulously work through the solution to your problem in a step-by-step manner using a process of logical decision making and action. You are basically bringing everything you have thought about and outlined on paper into reality.

Many people will struggle to get through this stage successfully because of the dreaded procrastination bug. Be sure that you don’t fall into this dirty trap. 🙁

Clarify Your Personal Vision of Outcome on Paper

Having settled on your ideal solution to this problem, take some time now to clarify this vision on paper.

Clarify the Personal Resources at Your Disposal

Identify the support, skills, knowledge, and tools you currently have at your disposal that will help you to successfully overcome this problem. These are your resources . If you find that you are lacking in some of these areas, then you may need to regroup and update your skills or knowledge to help you deal with this problem more effectively. Or you may simply need to obtain the help and support of a new group of people who can guide you through this problem in a more proactive and efficient way.

Create Three Alternative Plans of Action

Now that you have the necessary skills, knowledge, support, and tools you need to overcome this problem successfully, your next step is to draw up your plan of action.

As previously discussed, it is important to be flexible with your actions and to take into consideration all the drawbacks and potential pitfalls of these steps.

In order to minimize the possibilities of getting stuck, it is critical that you outline three alternative plans of action. If Plan A works out, then that’s great. However, if it fails miserably, then you still have Plan B and C at your disposal.

Set Clear Defined Deadlines for these Actions

Clear and defined deadlines will motivate you into action while providing you with a time sensitive objective to work towards.

Take Action Committing Yourself to the Result

The Learning Phase

This is an important phase that is very often overlooked. It will help you to clarify your thoughts, including the methods and strategies you used throughout the problem-solving process.

The learnings you gather from self-reflection will provide you with indispensable insights that will put your problem-solving methods in perspectives — improving the effectiveness and efficiency of your approach as you tackle similar challenges in the future.

Monitor Your Outcomes

As you progress along your journey towards implementing your solution, pay attention to the outcomes that result from every thought you make and every decision and action you take. This awareness will help you to better understand your personal traits and tendencies, which will likewise assist you with improving your problem-solving methods in the future.

Reflect on the Problem Solving Process

Once you have successfully overcome your problem, spend some time thinking and reflecting on the problem-solving process.

Here are some questions to get you started:

What did I do well, and what am I proud of about the way I conducted myself throughout this process? What problem solving traits did I cultivate and bring to the forefront throughout this process? What problem solving traits did I neglect? What mistakes did I make as I worked my way through this problem? What have I learned from these experiences? What could I have done better… more effectively and efficiently? How can I use these learnings and experiences to further my problem solving abilities in the future?

For a more advanced look at this problem-solving method, please check out the Visual Thinking Path .

Ongoing Problem Solving Tactics

Becoming an effective problem solver requires an ongoing process of conscious thought and action that opens new doors of opportunity to the solutions and answers you are after.

The solutions and answers you are after will be difficult to attain if you only apply the primary problem-solving method sporadically. Instead, you must consciously instill into your psyche habitual patterns of behavior that are consistent and aligned with a problem solver’s mentality.

Becoming an effective problem solver is not a part-time career, it is rather a full-time process that eventually becomes second nature.

Within this section, we will explore a number of effective ongoing problem-solving tactics you can use consistently throughout your day to keep your mind primed and ready for any challenge that may come your way.

Mindset Oriented Tactics

The following is a list of mindset oriented problem-solving tactics you can use on a consistent basis to keep your mind primed and ready for the challenges that come your way:

Visualize Your Desired Outcomes

It is said that we can only achieve our goals and objectives if we are able to clearly visualize them first in our minds-eye.

That which we are unable to visualize, we will likewise not be able to comprehend and realize within our physical reality.

When we were babies our motor skills developed over time through a process of observation and visualization. Only once we were able to successfully visualize in our minds-eye the process of picking-up physical objects, were we able to bring that same ability successfully into our physical reality. Given this, do you see how important it is to spend time visualizing your outcomes and the possible scenarios and strategies you will use to overcome your problems effectively?

Ask Questions Searching for Solutions

Questions are the keys that will unlock doors of opportunity and answers to even the most pressing of problems.

If you ask the ideal solution focused question , you will receive the right answers to help move you forward through your challenges in the most effective and efficient way.

Always See Opportunities for New Learnings

Problem-solving is essentially built upon the concept of opportunity-spotting.

Effective problem solvers don’t actually see problems as others do. Instead, they see only opportunities for new learnings, insights, and understandings that will help them to keep moving forward towards the attainment of their goals and objectives.

You must train your mind to look at every event or circumstance as an opportunity for you to become and grow to your full potential.

The challenges you face in life are there for a reason to help you attain your highest potential as a human being. See these problems as opportunities and you will move through them more effectively and swiftly than ever before.

Think Critically

By thinking critically about every problem and circumstance in your life, you will break down the walls of the assumption that tend to trap the mind within unhelpful thinking habits.

Think Creatively

Whereas problem-solving is very structured and logical, creativity , on the other hand, is unstructured and imaginative.

These two forms of effective thinking are in many ways tied together and will work in conjunction to help you break through the obstacles standing in your way.

Think is Solitude

In order to think more effectively about the problems in our lives, we must first clear the clutter from our heads.

This process begins when we remove ourselves from the physical distractions that could impede our thinking ability.

Within solitude, you will find peace, harmony and a sense of connection with your body, spirit, and mind. This will help release built-up tension while opening up the channels to intuitive, creative and logical thought — helping you to overcome your problems with far greater ease.

Let Go of Fears

Your fears will rob you of the ability to think effectively and problematically.

Effective problem solvers don’t allow their fears to control their thoughts, decisions, and actions. Instead, they usurp their fears and focus on the pleasures that will bring them the outcomes they desire to experience within their lives.

Let Go of Judgments and Criticisms

Effective problem solving requires us to let go of ill-fated judgments and criticisms.

The ideal solution can only be reached if we take time to harvest and cultivate it within the recesses of our minds for an extended period of time. This process thusly requires us to let go of the Devil’s Advocate role and milk our ideas for all their worth.

It is only towards the end of the problem-solving process that the Devil’s Advocate card should be played.

Let Go of Biases and Assumptions

For the same reason as mentioned above, we must let go of all biases and assumptions that may hold us back from successfully finding a solution to the problem at hand. This is often easier said than done because in many instances our assumptions and biases naturally color our understanding of reality.

If we mistakenly assume something, then we may redirect our thoughts, decisions, and actions down paths that we did not want to tread.

The solution is to ask insightful and carefully structured questions that will help us to break down the biases and assumptions we are holding onto at any one moment in time.

Allow for Fantasizing

Fantasizing can be an effective form of creative problem-solving.

Take time each and every day to remove yourself from physical reality and fantasize about creating a perfect life where everything you imagine becomes your reality.

This process will help to loosen your mind, and may very well open the doors to a set of insightful ideas that will assist you in overcoming your problems more effectively.

Allow for Playfulness

Playfulness is another endearing quality that you must cultivate every single day.

Perceive each and every problem as an intriguing game that you must win at all costs. Play this game, have fun, and enjoy the experience to its fullest.

Allow for Idea Incubation

No idea will fully evolve and grow to its fullest potential if you fail to incubate it within the recesses of your mind for a period of time.

Sometimes brilliant ideas can come to us quite effortlessly. As a result, our excitement takes over and we immediately take action in an attempt to bring the idea into physical reality. However, later we realize that the idea was incomplete or simply didn’t work as expected.

In instances such as these, it is easy to get disheartened. Our idea was great, but for some reason, it just didn’t evolve because little did we realize at the time, that this iceberg-idea was only the tip of a much larger, complete and comprehensive thought-pattern that was never brought to the surface .

In such instances, we must learn from this experience and take time to incubate our ideas as we move forward into the future.

Explore Funny and Foolish Ideas

No idea should ever be ruled out. Every idea is valid and useful no matter how foolish, crazy or funny it might seem on the surface. In fact, some of the most foolish ideas have indeed earned people millions and others billions of dollars. For this very reason, it’s critical that you never discount any idea until you have taken it through the entire problem-solving cycle discussed within this post.

Explore Alternative Perspectives Using Lenses

Lenses are a form of creative problem solving that will help you to expand your understanding and awareness of your circumstances from a variety of unique and interesting perspectives.

Each lens will help you to see the problem from a new point-of-view — assisting you with identifying creative solutions you may not have thought of before.

The following list presents you with just a few lenses you can use to help trigger creative solutions to your problems:

Childhood Lens

Look at your problem from the perspective of an inquisitive and curious child.

See your problem as an innocent circumstance that isn’t tinged with pre-conceived biases or assumptions .

Ask yourself seemingly foolish, funny and creative questions that open new ways of thinking about mundane circumstances and problems.

How would a child approach this problem? What kinds of questions would they ask?

Athlete’s Lens

Look at your problem from the perspective of a motivated and determined athlete.

See your problem as a mountain that you will tame and conquer .

Ask yourself questions that will help you to persist and persevere — effectively expanding the possibilities of your solutions.

How would an athlete approach this problem? What kinds of questions would they ask?

Artist’s Lens

Look at your problem from the perspective of a creative and imaginative thinker.

See your problem as a work of art that progressively takes shape .

Ask yourself questions built around metaphors , stories, visual concepts and ideas that will provide you with a unique perspective on your problem.

How would an artist approach this problem? What kinds of questions would they ask?

Scientist or Inventor’s Lens

Look at your problem from the perspective of an analytical scientist or crazy inventor.

See your problem as an experiment that you must test and perfect .

Ask yourself questions that are built upon logical thought and experimentation.

How would a scientist or crazy inventor approach this problem? What kinds of questions would they ask?

Politician’s Lens

Look at your problem from the perspective of a confident, confronting and ambitious politician.

See your problem as a political campaign that you must win at all costs .

Ask yourself questions that help you poke holes in your problem, thus bringing its weaknesses to the forefront — much like what politicians do to their opponents during television debates.

How would a politician approach this problem? What kinds of questions would they ask?

Action Oriented Tactics

The following is a list of action-oriented problem-solving tactics you can use on a consistent basis to keep your mind primed and ready for the challenges that come your way:

Persistently Write Out Questions

Questions are the keys that will bring forth the answers and solutions to your problems.

Sit down for 30 minutes per day with two sheets of paper and a pen. Now, write out your problem in a question format on top of both sheets. Next, take your 1st sheet of paper and spend 15 minutes writing out as many questions as you can think of that will help expand your understanding and awareness of this problem. Finally, when your 15 minutes is up, take out the 2nd sheet of paper and write out as many solutions as you can think of that will answer the questions you posed on the 1st sheet of paper.

By undertaking this process consistently each and every day, you will develop a problem-solving knack that will help you breakthrough any obstacle standing in your way.

Read Broadly

Sometimes the answers to our problems can come from the most unexpected sources.

Keep your problem in mind as you read a book, magazine or newspaper and observe your brain in overdrive searching for new pieces of information that it can associate with old memories and experiences.

Within every piece of information you read, the pictures you see, and the sounds you listen to, lies the solution to your problem . This awareness will get you halfway to your answer. However, you must be fully committed to lifelong learning.

Update Your Skills and Knowledge

Our problems can only overwhelm us when we feel incapable of dealing with them in an effective and timely manner. The solution for this is to update specific skills and knowledge (pertaining to the problem) that will allow you to better handle and manage these types of challenges in the future.

Use Positive Language

A pessimist will naturally have a very difficult time finding solutions to even the simplest of problems. On the other hand, an optimistic realist who uses positive language will bring forth a great array of solutions that will further expand their thinking and creative potential.

Use Concept Maps and Mind Maps

Mind maps are extraordinary problem-solving tools that will allow you to easily brainstorm effective and creative ideas.

Mind Maps mimic our brain’s natural capacity to think, manage and organize large chunks of information in an efficient way. They will help you to put your problem into perspective while giving birth to new connections and associations that may not have been evident before.

Use Diagrams

Because our brains think in pictures and not words, it just makes sense that diagrams would help us conceptualize our ideas in a much more creative way.

You may be surprised with the insights you will gather from simply drawing up your problem and solutions in a diagrammatic picture format.

Create and Use a Problem Solving System

Finally, it is important to understand that our problems will never evaporate completely. Such is life, that it constantly and continuously tests our resolve in order to help us grow and achieve our most desired goals and objectives.

Those people who don’t seem to experience any problems in life have simply mastered the illusion of hiding their problems from others. They have learned methods that help them manage their problems using a potentially unconscious systematization process.

Every time you successfully work through your problems, it is important to draw up a systematic management plan that will help you to deal with these types of problems in a more effective and efficient way in the future.

Visit  Brian Tracy’s website  to learn more about his personal development and business courses, books, and programs.

Concluding Thoughts

It has been said that…

It’s not what happens to us that determines our fate, it’s rather what we do with what happens that shapes our destiny.

The problems and challenges that confront our everyday reality are drawn to us for a reason and purpose — teaching us life lessons that help us grow and attain new levels of insight, awareness and understanding.

Without problems we would never grow, we would never mature, we would never fully develop, and we would never experience the joy and satisfaction of attaining our most inspiring goals and objectives .

Yes, problems are indeed blessings in disguise for some, while for others they become steppingstones for misery, stress, mayhem, and dissatisfaction. These people just don’t get it…

Time to Assimilate these Concepts

GET THIS MAP

Did you gain value from this article? Is it important that you know and understand this topic?   Would you like to optimize how you think about this topic? Would you like a method for applying these ideas to your life?

If you answered yes to any of these questions, then I’m confident you will gain tremendous value from using the accompanying IQ Matrix for coaching or self-coaching purposes. This mind map provides you with a quick visual overview of the article you just read. The branches, interlinking ideas, and images model how the brain thinks and processes information. It’s kind of like implanting a thought into your brain – an upgrade of sorts that optimizes how you think about these concepts and ideas. 🙂

Recommended IQ Matrix Bundles

If you’re intrigued by the idea of using mind maps for self-improvement then I would like to invite you to become an IQ Matrix Member.

If you’re new to mind mapping or just want to check things out, then register for the Free 12 Month Membership Program . There you will gain access to over 90 mind maps, visual tools, and resources valued at over $500. 

If, on the other hand, you want access to an ever-growing library of 100s of visual tools and resources, then check out our Premium Membership Packages . These packages provide you with the ultimate visual reference library for all your personal development needs.

Gain More Knowledge…

Here are some additional links and resources that will help you learn more about this topic:

• The Art of Complex Problem Solving @ iDiagram
• Einstein’s Secret to Amazing Problem Solving @ Litemind
• 16 Practical Tips for Solving Your Problems More Easily @ Positivity Blog
• 10 Timeless Lessons on Better Thinking @ Life Optimizer
• Your Guide to Get Spinning in the Idea Tornado @ Think Simple Now
• How to Find Creative Solutions to Non-Creative Problems @ Scott H Young
• Problem Solving Toolkit – 33 Tricks to Answer Tough Problems @ Scott H Young
• Solve Tough Problems by Using Lenses @ Scott H Young
• Square Watermelon Problem Solving @ Dumb Little Man
• The Best Way to Solve a Problem: Give Up @ Paid to Exist

About The Author

Adam Sicinski

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The Art of Effective Problem Solving: A Step-by-Step Guide

Author: Daniel Croft

Daniel Croft is an experienced continuous improvement manager with a Lean Six Sigma Black Belt and a Bachelor's degree in Business Management. With more than ten years of experience applying his skills across various industries, Daniel specializes in optimizing processes and improving efficiency. His approach combines practical experience with a deep understanding of business fundamentals to drive meaningful change.

Whether we realise it or not, problem solving skills are an important part of our daily lives. From resolving a minor annoyance at home to tackling complex business challenges at work, our ability to solve problems has a significant impact on our success and happiness. However, not everyone is naturally gifted at problem-solving, and even those who are can always improve their skills. In this blog post, we will go over the art of effective problem-solving step by step.

You will learn how to define a problem, gather information, assess alternatives, and implement a solution, all while honing your critical thinking and creative problem-solving skills. Whether you’re a seasoned problem solver or just getting started, this guide will arm you with the knowledge and tools you need to face any challenge with confidence. So let’s get started!

Problem Solving Methodologies

Individuals and organisations can use a variety of problem-solving methodologies to address complex challenges. 8D and A3 problem solving techniques are two popular methodologies in the Lean Six Sigma framework.

Methodology of 8D (Eight Discipline) Problem Solving:

The 8D problem solving methodology is a systematic, team-based approach to problem solving. It is a method that guides a team through eight distinct steps to solve a problem in a systematic and comprehensive manner.

The 8D process consists of the following steps:

• Form a team: Assemble a group of people who have the necessary expertise to work on the problem.
• Define the issue: Clearly identify and define the problem, including the root cause and the customer impact.
• Create a temporary containment plan: Put in place a plan to lessen the impact of the problem until a permanent solution can be found.
• Identify the root cause: To identify the underlying causes of the problem, use root cause analysis techniques such as Fishbone diagrams and Pareto charts.
• Create and test long-term corrective actions: Create and test a long-term solution to eliminate the root cause of the problem.
• Implement and validate the permanent solution: Implement and validate the permanent solution’s effectiveness.
• Prevent recurrence: Put in place measures to keep the problem from recurring.
• Recognize and reward the team: Recognize and reward the team for its efforts.

Download the 8D Problem Solving Template

A3 Problem Solving Method:

The A3 problem solving technique is a visual, team-based problem-solving approach that is frequently used in Lean Six Sigma projects. The A3 report is a one-page document that clearly and concisely outlines the problem, root cause analysis, and proposed solution.

The A3 problem-solving procedure consists of the following steps:

• Determine the issue: Define the issue clearly, including its impact on the customer.
• Perform root cause analysis: Identify the underlying causes of the problem using root cause analysis techniques.
• Create and implement a solution: Create and implement a solution that addresses the problem’s root cause.
• Monitor and improve the solution: Keep an eye on the solution’s effectiveness and make any necessary changes.

Subsequently, in the Lean Six Sigma framework, the 8D and A3 problem solving methodologies are two popular approaches to problem solving. Both methodologies provide a structured, team-based problem-solving approach that guides individuals through a comprehensive and systematic process of identifying, analysing, and resolving problems in an effective and efficient manner.

Step 1 – Define the Problem

The definition of the problem is the first step in effective problem solving. This may appear to be a simple task, but it is actually quite difficult. This is because problems are frequently complex and multi-layered, making it easy to confuse symptoms with the underlying cause. To avoid this pitfall, it is critical to thoroughly understand the problem.

To begin, ask yourself some clarifying questions:

• What exactly is the issue?
• What are the problem’s symptoms or consequences?
• Who or what is impacted by the issue?
• When and where does the issue arise?

Answering these questions will assist you in determining the scope of the problem. However, simply describing the problem is not always sufficient; you must also identify the root cause. The root cause is the underlying cause of the problem and is usually the key to resolving it permanently.

Try asking “why” questions to find the root cause:

• What causes the problem?
• Why does it continue?
• Why does it have the effects that it does?

By repeatedly asking “ why ,” you’ll eventually get to the bottom of the problem. This is an important step in the problem-solving process because it ensures that you’re dealing with the root cause rather than just the symptoms.

Once you have a firm grasp on the issue, it is time to divide it into smaller, more manageable chunks. This makes tackling the problem easier and reduces the risk of becoming overwhelmed. For example, if you’re attempting to solve a complex business problem, you might divide it into smaller components like market research, product development, and sales strategies.

To summarise step 1, defining the problem is an important first step in effective problem-solving. You will be able to identify the root cause and break it down into manageable parts if you take the time to thoroughly understand the problem. This will prepare you for the next step in the problem-solving process, which is gathering information and brainstorming ideas.

Step 2 – Gather Information and Brainstorm Ideas

Gathering information and brainstorming ideas is the next step in effective problem solving. This entails researching the problem and relevant information, collaborating with others, and coming up with a variety of potential solutions. This increases your chances of finding the best solution to the problem.

Begin by researching the problem and relevant information. This could include reading articles, conducting surveys, or consulting with experts. The goal is to collect as much information as possible in order to better understand the problem and possible solutions.

Next, work with others to gather a variety of perspectives. Brainstorming with others can be an excellent way to come up with new and creative ideas. Encourage everyone to share their thoughts and ideas when working in a group, and make an effort to actively listen to what others have to say. Be open to new and unconventional ideas and resist the urge to dismiss them too quickly.

Finally, use brainstorming to generate a wide range of potential solutions. This is the place where you can let your imagination run wild. At this stage, don’t worry about the feasibility or practicality of the solutions; instead, focus on generating as many ideas as possible. Write down everything that comes to mind, no matter how ridiculous or unusual it may appear. This can be done individually or in groups.

Once you’ve compiled a list of potential solutions, it’s time to assess them and select the best one. This is the next step in the problem-solving process, which we’ll go over in greater detail in the following section.

Step 3 – Evaluate Options and Choose the Best Solution

Once you’ve compiled a list of potential solutions, it’s time to assess them and select the best one. This is the third step in effective problem solving, and it entails weighing the advantages and disadvantages of each solution, considering their feasibility and practicability, and selecting the solution that is most likely to solve the problem effectively.

To begin, weigh the advantages and disadvantages of each solution. This will assist you in determining the potential outcomes of each solution and deciding which is the best option. For example, a quick and easy solution may not be the most effective in the long run, whereas a more complex and time-consuming solution may be more effective in solving the problem in the long run.

Consider each solution’s feasibility and practicability. Consider the following:

• Can the solution be implemented within the available resources, time, and budget?
• What are the possible barriers to implementing the solution?
• Is the solution feasible in today’s political, economic, and social environment?

You’ll be able to tell which solutions are likely to succeed and which aren’t by assessing their feasibility and practicability.

Finally, choose the solution that is most likely to effectively solve the problem. This solution should be based on the criteria you’ve established, such as the advantages and disadvantages of each solution, their feasibility and practicability, and your overall goals.

It is critical to remember that there is no one-size-fits-all solution to problems. What is effective for one person or situation may not be effective for another. This is why it is critical to consider a wide range of solutions and evaluate each one based on its ability to effectively solve the problem.

Step 4 – Implement and Monitor the Solution

When you’ve decided on the best solution, it’s time to put it into action. The fourth and final step in effective problem solving is to put the solution into action, monitor its progress, and make any necessary adjustments.

To begin, implement the solution. This may entail delegating tasks, developing a strategy, and allocating resources. Ascertain that everyone involved understands their role and responsibilities in the solution’s implementation.

Next, keep an eye on the solution’s progress. This may entail scheduling regular check-ins, tracking metrics, and soliciting feedback from others. You will be able to identify any potential roadblocks and make any necessary adjustments in a timely manner if you monitor the progress of the solution.

Finally, make any necessary modifications to the solution. This could entail changing the solution, altering the plan of action, or delegating different tasks. Be willing to make changes if they will improve the solution or help it solve the problem more effectively.

It’s important to remember that problem solving is an iterative process, and there may be times when you need to start from scratch. This is especially true if the initial solution does not effectively solve the problem. In these situations, it’s critical to be adaptable and flexible and to keep trying new solutions until you find the one that works best.

To summarise, effective problem solving is a critical skill that can assist individuals and organisations in overcoming challenges and achieving their objectives. Effective problem solving consists of four key steps: defining the problem, generating potential solutions, evaluating alternatives and selecting the best solution, and implementing the solution.

You can increase your chances of success in problem solving by following these steps and considering factors such as the pros and cons of each solution, their feasibility and practicability, and making any necessary adjustments. Furthermore, keep in mind that problem solving is an iterative process, and there may be times when you need to go back to the beginning and restart. Maintain your adaptability and try new solutions until you find the one that works best for you.

• Novick, L.R. and Bassok, M., 2005.  Problem Solving . Cambridge University Press.

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27 Problem-solving strategies to turn challenges on their head

Problems come in all shapes and sizes — from workplace conflict to budget cuts. Creative problem-solving techniques are highly in demand and critical for success across industries. By focusing on defining the problem, identifying its root cause, and considering multiple problem-solving methods, you can solve issues effectively. The ability to tackle problems head-on is essential, and using proven strategies will help you find the best solutions. Let’s explore a five-step process, paired with additional techniques, to enhance your ability to solve even the most complex challenges.

What is an example of problem-solving?

Good problem-solving is key to the decision-making process . For example, a SaaS company experiencing high churn rates might define the problem as poor customer engagement in email marketing campaigns.

To resolve this, the team could brainstorm and ask questions about customer behavior, analyze their marketing tactics, and test new offers or discounts to retain customers. This process emphasizes the importance of evaluating and identifying the root causes to achieve a desired outcome.

5 steps to problem-solving

Perhaps you’ve got a problem you need to tackle. Or maybe you want to be prepared the next time one arises. Either way, it’s a good idea to get familiar with the five steps of problem-solving. 

Use this step-by-step problem-solving method with the strategies in the following section to find possible solutions to your problem.

1. Identify the problem

Start by defining the problem and gathering as much data as possible. Separate facts from opinions, ask relevant questions, and establish a clear situation or problem statement .

Use rational persuasion to make sure your team agrees .

2. Break the problem down 

Identifying the problem allows you to see which steps need to be taken to solve it. Once identified, break the problem into smaller, manageable parts. This step prevents jumping to conclusions and allows you to work systematically.

Then,  strategic planning  should be used to set a time frame for solving the problem and establish a timeline for the completion of each stage.

3. Generate potential solutions

At this stage, the aim isn’t to evaluate possible solutions but to generate as many ideas as possible. 

Use brainstorming and other creative techniques like the six thinking hats. At this stage, aim to involve your team to expand your perspectives and generate various alternatives.

Encourage your team to use creative thinking and be patient — the best solution may not be the first or most obvious one.

4. Evaluate the possible solutions

Use criteria such as feasibility and alignment with organizational goals to narrow down your options. Conduct an evaluation to determine which solution is most likely to solve the problem.

There are usually many factors to consider. So when evaluating a solution, ask yourself the following questions:

• Will my team be on board with the proposition?
• Does the solution align with organizational goals ?
• Is the solution likely to achieve the desired outcomes?
• Is the solution realistic and possible with current resources and constraints?
• Will the solution solve the problem without causing additional unintended problems?

5. Implement and monitor the solutions

Once a solution is chosen, ensure its successful implementation. Then, monitor its progress, ensuring that feedback is collected and that the solution resolves the issue without causing unintended problems.

Request regular feedback from the team members involved and have a monitoring and evaluation plan in place to measure progress.

If the solution doesn’t achieve your desired results, start this step-by-step process again.

27 effective problem-solving strategies

There are many different ways to approach problem-solving. Each is suitable for different types of problems. 

The most appropriate problem-solving techniques will depend on your specific problem. You may need to experiment with several strategies before you find a workable solution.

Here are 27 effective problem-solving strategies for you to try:

• Use a solution that worked before
• Brainstorming
• Work backward
• Use the Kipling method
• Draw the problem
• Use trial and error
• Sleep on it
• Get advice from your peers
• Use the Pareto principle
• Add successful solutions to your toolkit
• Define the problem
• Implement the solution
• Identify the problem
• Solution evaluation
• Identify possible causes
• SWOT analysis
• Generate alternatives
• Means-end analysis
• Solution development
• Build your problem-solving skills
• Divide and conquer
• Evaluate the outcome
• Guess and check
• Make a list
• Read the problem aloud

Let’s break each of these down.

1. Use a solution that worked before

It might seem obvious, but if you’ve faced similar problems in the past, look back to what worked then. See if any of the solutions could apply to your current situation and, if so, replicate them.

2. Brainstorming

The more people you enlist to help solve the problem, the more potential solutions you can come up with.

Use different brainstorming techniques to workshop potential solutions with your team. They’ll likely bring something you haven’t thought of to the table.

3. Work backward

Working backward is a way to reverse engineer your problem. Imagine your problem has been solved, and make that the starting point.

Then, retrace your steps back to where you are now. This can help you see which course of action may be most effective.

4. Use the Kipling method

This is a method that poses six questions based on Rudyard Kipling’s poem, “ I Keep Six Honest Serving Men .” 

• What is the problem?
• Why is the problem important?
• When did the problem arise, and when does it need to be solved?
• How did the problem happen?
• Where is the problem occurring?
• Who does the problem affect?

Answering these questions can help you identify possible solutions.

5. Draw the problem

Sometimes it can be difficult to visualize all the components and moving parts of a problem and its solution. Drawing a diagram can help.

This technique is particularly helpful for solving process-related problems. For example, a product development team might want to decrease the time they take to fix bugs and create new iterations. Drawing the processes involved can help you see where improvements can be made.

6. Use trial-and-error

A trial-and-error approach can be useful when you have several possible solutions and want to test them to see which one works best.

7. Sleep on it

Finding the best solution to a problem is a process. Remember to take breaks and get enough rest . Sometimes, a walk around the block can bring inspiration, but you should sleep on it if possible.

A good night’s sleep helps us find creative solutions to problems. This is because when you sleep, your brain sorts through the day’s events and stores them as memories. This enables you to process your ideas at a subconscious level. 

If possible, give yourself a few days to develop and analyze possible solutions. You may find you have greater clarity after sleeping on it. Your mind will also be fresh, so you’ll be able to make better decisions.

8. Get advice from your peers

Getting input from a group of people can help you find solutions you may not have thought of on your own. 

For solo entrepreneurs or freelancers, this might look like hiring a coach or mentor or joining a mastermind group. 

For leaders , it might be consulting other members of the leadership team or working with a business coach .

It’s important to recognize you might not have all the skills, experience, or knowledge necessary to find a solution alone. 

9. Use the Pareto principle

The Pareto principle — also known as the 80/20 rule — can help you identify possible root causes and potential solutions for your problems.

Although it’s not a mathematical law, it’s a principle found throughout many aspects of business and life. For example, 20% of the sales reps in a company might close 80% of the sales. 

You may be able to narrow down the causes of your problem by applying the Pareto principle. This can also help you identify the most appropriate solutions.

10. Add successful solutions to your toolkit

Every situation is different, and the same solutions might not always work. But by keeping a record of successful problem-solving strategies, you can build up a solutions toolkit. 

These solutions may be applicable to future problems. Even if not, they may save you some of the time and work needed to come up with a new solution.

11. Define the problem

Clarity is key. Break down the issue and analyze each component. This crucial first step ensures you're addressing the right problem, saving valuable time and resources.

12. Implement the solution

Once you've decided on a course of action , it's time to execute. Set clear steps, delegate responsibilities, and keep a close eye on progress. Getting all stakeholders on board is essential for achieving desired outcomes.

13. Identify the problem

Dig deep to find the root cause. This approach helps you focus on the real issue, avoiding unnecessary detours and ensuring you're not just treating symptoms.

14. Solution evaluation

After implementation, take a step back and assess. Did it solve the problem as expected? What was the impact? This reflection allows you to learn and apply insights to future challenges.

15. Identify possible causes

Once you've defined the problem, brainstorm potential sources. Consider various factors like processes, team dynamics, or external variables. This step is vital for accurate diagnosis.

16. SWOT analysis

Break down the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats related to the issue. This structured approach offers a comprehensive perspective, clarifying the context for better decision-making.

17. Five Whys

Ask "Why?" five times (or more) to drill down to the root cause. It's a simple yet powerful technique for unraveling complex issues and finding fundamental solutions.

18. Generate alternatives

Don't settle for the first idea. Use brainstorming or other methods to create multiple options. Having a range of choices ensures you can select the most effective approach.

19. Means-end analysis

Compare your current situation to the desired outcome, then identify the steps needed to bridge that gap. This systematic method helps structure your solution path.

20. Solution development

After generating potential alternatives, refine them into actionable plans. Weigh the pros and cons , consider feasibility, and align your approach with available resources and objectives.

21. Build your problem-solving skills

Continuous improvement is crucial. Engage in regular practice, learn new methods, and seek peer feedback . This ongoing development enhances your ability to tackle increasingly complex issues.

22. Divide and conquer

When faced with a complex issue, break it into smaller, more manageable parts. This method allows you to tackle each component individually, making the overall process less daunting.

23. Evaluate the outcome

Once a solution is in place, assess its impact. Did it solve the problem as expected? What lessons can be learned? This evaluation is key for continuous improvement.

24. Guess and check

For smaller, low-risk problems, don't be afraid to make an educated guess and test it. This trial-and-error approach can quickly lead to effective solutions in certain situations.

25. Heuristics

These mental shortcuts or rules of thumb can simplify decision-making. While not guaranteeing perfect results, they're useful for quick decisions when time or information is limited.

26. Make a list

Sometimes, the simplest methods are the most effective. Listing potential causes, solutions, or actions helps organize thoughts and ensures nothing is overlooked.

27. Read the problem aloud

When feeling overwhelmed or paralyzed by decision fatigue , vocalize the issue. This technique forces you to articulate the problem clearly, potentially revealing insights you hadn't noticed before.

What skills do efficient problem solvers have?

Improving problem-solving skills is essential for professional development — both yours and your team’s. Here are some of the key skills of effective problem solvers:

• Critical thinking and analytical skills
• Communication skills , including active listening
• Decision-making
• Planning and prioritization
• Emotional intelligence , including empathy and emotional regulation
• Time management
• Data analysis
• Research skills
• Project management

And they see problems as opportunities. Everyone is born with problem-solving skills. But accessing these abilities depends on how we view problems. Effective problem-solvers see problems as opportunities to learn and improve.

How to improve your problem-solving skills

Ready to work on your problem-solving abilities? Get started with these seven tips.

1. Build your problem-solving skills

One of the best ways to improve your problem-solving skills is to learn from experts. Consider enrolling in organizational training , shadowing a mentor , or working with a coach . Practice problem-solving techniques in real-world scenarios. Focus on learning new methods like functional fixedness or the Pareto principle to expand your skillset.

2. Practice

Practice using your new problem-solving skills by applying them to smaller problems you might encounter in your daily life. 

Alternatively, imagine problematic scenarios that might arise at work and use problem-solving strategies to find hypothetical solutions.

3. Don’t try to find a solution right away

Often, the first solution you think of to solve a problem isn’t the most appropriate or effective.

Instead of thinking on the spot, give yourself time and use one or more of the problem-solving strategies above to activate your creative thinking. 

4. Ask for feedback

Receiving feedback is always important for learning and growth. Your perception of your problem-solving skills may be different from that of your colleagues. They can provide insights that help you improve. 

5. Learn new approaches and methodologies

There are entire books written about problem-solving methodologies if you want to take a deep dive into the subject. 

We recommend starting with reading about problem-solving methodologies, such as Six Thinking Hats or “ Fixed — How to Perfect the Fine Art of Problem Solving ” by Amy E. Herman. 

6. Experiment

Tried-and-tested problem-solving techniques can be useful. However, they don’t teach you how to innovate and develop your own problem-solving approaches. 

Sometimes, an unconventional approach can lead to the development of a brilliant new idea or strategy. So don’t be afraid to suggest your most “out there” ideas. Creativity and out-of-the-box thinking can drive success.

7. Analyze the success of your competitors

Do you have competitors who have already solved the problem you’re facing? Look at what they did, and work backward to solve your own problem. 

For example, Netflix started in the 1990s as a DVD mail-rental company. Its main competitor at the time was Blockbuster. 

But when streaming became the norm in the early 2000s, both companies faced a crisis. Netflix innovated, unveiling its streaming service in 2007. 

If Blockbuster had followed Netflix’s example, it might have survived. Instead, it declared bankruptcy in 2010.

Use problem-solving strategies to push past blockers

When facing a problem, it’s worth taking the time to find the right solution. 

Otherwise, we risk either running away from our problems or headlong into solutions. When we do this, we might miss out on other, better options.

Use the problem-solving strategies outlined above to find innovative solutions to your business’ most perplexing problems.

If you’re ready to take problem-solving to the next level, try parenting with a BetterUp Coach . Our expert coaches specialize in helping teams develop and implement strategies that work.

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Elizabeth Perry is a Coach Community Manager at BetterUp. She uses strategic engagement strategies to cultivate a learning community across a global network of Coaches through in-person and virtual experiences, technology-enabled platforms, and strategic coaching industry partnerships. With over 3 years of coaching experience and a certification in transformative leadership and life coaching from Sofia University, Elizabeth leverages transpersonal psychology expertise to help coaches and clients gain awareness of their behavioral and thought patterns, discover their purpose and passions, and elevate their potential. She is a lifelong student of psychology, personal growth, and human potential as well as an ICF-certified ACC transpersonal life and leadership Coach.

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5 problem-solving questions to prepare you for your next interview, 8 creative solutions to your most challenging problems, the pareto principle: how the 80/20 rule can help you do more with less, learn what process mapping is and how to create one (+ examples), leadership activities that encourage employee engagement, adjusting your vision for 2024, how to create a work plan (with template), can dreams help you solve problems 6 ways to try, thinking outside the box: 8 ways to become a creative problem solver, 31 examples of problem solving performance review phrases, 3 problem statement examples and steps to write your own, 10 examples of principles that can guide your approach to work, contingency planning: 4 steps to prepare for the unexpected, stay connected with betterup, get our newsletter, event invites, plus product insights and research..

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Strategies to Improve Your Problem-Solving Skills

Got problems? We all do.

They’re something we encounter daily, both at work and at home. Tackling problems and finding solutions are useful skills that are in high demand.

At a basic level, there are three steps to solving any problem:

• Define the problem
• Generate ideas for solutions
• Implement solutions

You might be tempted to think that the first step is unnecessary. After all, that’s why you’re here in the first place, to solve a problem. However, defining the problem is arguably the most important step in problem-solving.

Albert Einstein is famously quoted as saying, “If I had an hour to solve a problem I’d spend 55 minutes thinking about the problem and 5 minutes thinking about solutions.”

When you can spend more time defining the real problem, and not just a symptom, it will be easier to find a lasting solution.

How to better define the problem:

• Ask “why” questions
• Talk it through with others
• Write down the problem in words
• Use graphs or flow charts

Now that we’ve talked about the steps of solving a problem and how to better define it, let’s dig into some strategies to help your brain perform at its best for solving problems.

“Thanks to a process called neuroplasticity, your brain is continually reorganizing itself by forming new neural connections throughout your life, which gives you the power to make your brain better.” – Daniel G. Amen, MD

Neuroplasticity enables your brain to continue to learn and grow throughout your life. Like your muscles, your brain needs exercise to become stronger. Becoming a life-long learner will not only strengthen your brain, but also sharpen your memory, boost confidence, and bring new knowledge and skills into your life.

3 Ways to Improve Your Problem-Solving Skills

1.    Regularly Engage in Brain Boosting Activities

There are a number of easy and fun ways to strengthen your brain. Adding one or more of these activities into your daily routines can help boost your brain and result in better problem-solving abilities.

• Work on a jigsaw puzzle – Puzzles can be done on your own, or as a social activity. Putting together a puzzle requires concentration and spatial awareness, activating multiple parts of the brain and improving short-term memory.
• Play a musical instrument – Research has shown that learning to play an instrument can improve neuroplasticity and help improve your memory. Playing music engages multiple regions of the brain, providing numerous benefits. Maybe it’s been a while since you last played, or maybe you’ve never learned an instrument. Either way, it’s never too late to tap into your musical side and begin making music.
• Try a new hobby – Remember the “use it or lose it” concept when it comes to the brain. It’s recommended to never stop learning new things. Challenge yourself, no matter your age! Trying new hobbies is a great mental exercise to sharpen your brain. You also may find a new activity that brings more joy to your life.
• Meditate – The practice of meditation has been around for thousands of years as a tool for reducing stress, clearing your mind, promoting relaxation, and improving focus. Meditation is a powerful tool that can boost your brain anytime, anywhere.
• Play brain games – Chess, crossword puzzles, and sudoku all fall under this category. Brain games are an easy and fun way to improve concentration and strengthen memory. The best part is that they only take a few minutes to play and offer a nice break during the day.
• Read a book with a book club – Reading a book offers many benefits, including stimulating different areas of your brain to process and analyze information. When you participate in a reading group , your brain will need to remember information for later recall. This information recall is highly beneficial to protecting short-term memory. Book clubs also can provide a fun and supportive social network.

2.    Spend time NOT looking for the solution

This is counterintuitive, but it’s an important strategy to use when working on a problem. Allow yourself some downtime after defining the problem.

Let your subconscious do some work. Setting a task aside for a time can actually improve your efforts later. When you return to the problem at hand, you’ll likely have a fresh perspective.

What should you do while giving your brain a break from active problem-solving? Enjoy a hobby, get some rest, or move your body with a walk or other form of exercise.

3.    Practice healthy habits

You guessed it, those healthy habits that affect so many areas of your life are also tied to a healthy brain. Exercise, a healthy diet, and quality sleep can all help your brain function better and improve your problem-solving skills overall.

• Exercise – Moving your body increases blood flow to the brain, which can improve your ability to think critically, clearly, and creatively. Additionally, physical activity is a known way to reduce stress and anxiousness. Research has shown creativity and problem-solving to be negatively affected by stress. Using exercise to combat stress can improve your ability to find solutions with a clear mind. By exercising regularly, your overall physical, emotional, and brain health may be positively impacted.
• Healthy Diet – Dr. Daniel Amen teaches that one of the secrets to a healthy brain is to focus on detoxification in your diet. This includes avoiding alcohol, drinking plenty of water, and consuming detoxifying vegetables . Some good vegetables to incorporate into your diet would be lettuce, spinach, kale, broccoli, and asparagus. You also may try increasing your protein intake for a healthy brain, or try adding in turmeric , which can increase neuroplasticity.
• Quality Sleep – Finally, don’t forget about the impact quality sleep, or the lack of it, can have on your brain function and problem-solving abilities. Getting a good night’s rest gives your brain time to recharge and that necessary downtime of not actively thinking about the problems needing solving. While you sleep, your subconscious has a chance to do some work for you!

When you engage in brain-boosting activities, take some downtime, and practice healthy habits you’ll be better prepared for the problems in your days. And, next time you’re faced with the inevitable problems that come with life and work, you can address them with more clarity and confidence.

Amy Huffmire, Writer

Amy Huffmire is passionate about helping individuals and families live their best lives through nutrition and fitness, as she has seen the positive effects these things have had in her own life. She loves to write in many forms and genres from children's stories to research articles. She has a BS in Business from Brigham Young University.

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How to become a strategic problem solver in 5 steps

A version of this tutorial originally appeared in the free Primer app .

Problem solving is an underrated talent. It helps you make clear decisions during turbulent, overwhelming times, and many experts identify it as a vital soft skill for job seekers post-pandemic .

To develop your problem-solving acumen, use a structured approach that focuses on the why, what, and how of your issue. Let’s break it down by asking five questions that will serve as a step-by-step guide.

Question 1: Why should I care about this problem?

Write a problem statement, which is a few short sentences describing an issue you’re facing that also affects your audience. Use specific, quantifiable details. Instead of, “We lose money each year due to quality issues,” a better statement would be, “In 2019, we lost $1 million due to quality errors. That’s 5% of our overall revenue.”

You don’t want to define a problem so big that you lack resources to solve it or get so specific that you miss the chance to have a greater impact. Also, avoid prematurely adding in a solution, like “We need to hire a quality assurance consultant.” Solutions come later.

Question 2: What does success look like?

Set an objective that defines what you want to achieve and key results to know when you’ve achieved it. Your objective should focus on a goal, not a solution. “Make our website an intuitive and enjoyable experience for visitors,” is an objective, but “Hire 5 UX designers,” is a solution. Then define measurable key results so you know for sure when you’ve achieved your goal. “Get increased click-throughs,” is vague, but you’ll know when you “Increase click-throughs by 30%.”

Question 3: How might I solve this problem?

Now it’s time to brainstorm potential solutions. Start by finding out as much as you can about your problem. Find out if there’s available research on problems like yours, and look to “parallel worlds” outside your industry where a similar issue has been addressed before.

If you’re holding a group brainstorm, choose one person as the moderator, and others as timekeeper and notetaker. Then brainstorm as many solutions as possible that might address your problem and help you reach your objective and key results. Tell everyone to be expansive in their thinking: Come up with both big and small ideas without self-editing.

Once you have a list of potential solutions, put them in a solution tree to help organize your goals and how you’ll get there (your strategy). Start by writing down your objective. For the sake of an easy example, let’s say your objective is “Increase product revenue.” Create branches from each objective that list solutions you brainstormed, like “Sell more of the same products,” and “Start selling new products.”

Solution tree

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Question 4: How should I actually solve the problem?

A prioritization map helps you winnow your ideas to decide in which ones you should invest effort. Make a graph with a vertical axis labeled “impact” and a horizontal axis labeled “effort.” Then plot out all your potential solutions on the graph.

Prioritization map

High-impact and high-effort solutions will likely be the main focus of your work. Ones that are high impact and low effort are quick wins, and good for building stakeholder confidence. Low-impact and low-effort solutions should be deprioritized and only focused on when you have some free time. Low-impact and high-effort solutions are probably not worth your time.

Question 5: How can I take action?

Make a simple plan to solve your problem, avoiding unnecessary detail. You can use an action tracker, which can be a spreadsheet that breaks down who does what and when. In the first column, put all the actions that make up your problem-solving steps. In the second column, note who is responsible for each action and when it should be done.

Action tracker

Discuss and agree on task ownership and due dates with the people responsible so that everyone is on the same page. Share your action tracker with the group and regularly review it together to make sure due dates are met.

Remember that no matter how well you plan, things will change and your plan will have to change too. Be prepared to modify it so you can stay on track and achieve your goals.

Problem solving doesn’t need to be complicated. By following the right steps, you can avoid jumping into solution mode too quickly. Just think of the structure “why, what, and how,” and you’ll start to see your problems in a new way.

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Growth Tactics

How to Improve Problem Solving Skills in the Workplace

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In a career spanning over two decades in leadership and management, I’ve found myself at the epicenter of problem solving in the workplace more times than I can count. The nature of managing teams and leading projects means that each day comes with its own set of challenges, each presenting a new “fire” to extinguish.

This relentless demand for solutions has served not as a setback, but as a rigorous training ground for honing my problem solving skills. I’ve come to realize that the capability to effectively solve problems is not just an asset but a necessity in the fast-paced and ever-evolving workplace. The journey of refining these skills is continuous, demanding both dedication and a willingness to adapt.

This article aims to share insights and strategies on how to enhance problem solving skills in the workplace, drawing from lessons learned through firsthand experiences. Here, we’ll explore why cultivating strong problem solving abilities is crucial for professional growth and organizational success, and how you can systematically improve these skills to navigate the complex challenges of today’s work environment. Let’s dive in, and uncover the means to turn problems into opportunities for innovation and advancement.

Understanding the Importance of Problem Solving

In the modern workplace, the ability to tackle difficulties effectively is not a luxury, it is an absolute necessity. Problems can arise from a variety of sources: internal challenges, market competition, technological advancements, or unforeseen global events. Employees and leaders alike who excel in problem solving become invaluable assets to their organizations. But what makes problem-solving skills so crucial? Let’s unpack this.

Value in the Workplace

First and foremost, problem solving is directly linked to productivity and efficiency. A workforce adept in identifying issues quickly and proposing viable solutions can save a company from costly downtime and resource wastage. It is the oil that keeps the organizational machinery running smoothly.

Beyond the immediacy of resolving specific issues, problem-solving skills foster a proactive mindset. Rather than waiting for directives, employees who are skilled problem solvers take ownership and initiative. They are the ones who anticipate potential roadblocks and ward them off before they impact workflow.

Innovation and Adaptation

The constant push to find better, faster, and more cost-effective methods gives rise to innovation. When employees approach problems with a creative mindset, they often discover new ways of doing things that significantly improve operations. This adaptive quality ensures that a company is not just reacting to change but is staying ahead of it, prepared to pivot and embrace new opportunities.

Team Dynamics and Morale

A culture that values and develops problem-solving skills is also conducive to stronger team collaboration. When everyone brings their problem-solving ‘A-game’, it creates a synergistic effect where the sum is greater than its parts. Moreover, teams that solve problems together experience heightened morale and job satisfaction. Overcoming hurdles collectively strengthens workplace harmony and builds a sense of camaraderie and trust.

Risk Management

The strategic side of problem solving involves risk management—identifying potential issues before they become actual ones. Effective problem solvers are able to extract lessons from every challenge and apply them to future scenarios. This makes the business more resilient and able to handle adverse situations with more agility.

Measure of Leadership

Finally, for anyone in or aspiring to leadership, being a competent problem solver is a defining characteristic. Leaders are often judged by their capacity to navigate through crises and lead their teams to success. It’s not simply about extinguishing fires; it’s about doing so in a way that instills confidence and maintains or even boosts momentum.

Essential Problem-Solving Skills to Develop

To flourish in today’s complex business environment, mastering a set of core problem-solving skills is imperative. These skills serve as the toolkit for dismantling difficulties and turning them into opportunities. Here are some crucial abilities that professionals should foster:

Analytical Skills

The bedrock of problem solving is the ability to break down complex information into manageable parts. Analytical thinkers can dissect a problem and understand its components, which makes finding a solution more straightforward. Developing sharp analytical skills allows you to evaluate data methodically, recognize patterns, and isolate the variables that influence outcomes.

Critical Thinking

Critical thinking goes hand-in-hand with analytical capabilities. It involves questioning assumptions, evaluating arguments, and considering the validity and reliability of data before making decisions. By honing critical thinking, you reinforce your judgment and decision-making processes, ensuring that your solutions are well-founded and not just spur-of-the-moment guesses.

Creative Thinking

While analytical and critical skills are important, sometimes the best solutions come from outside the proverbial box. Creative thinking unlocks innovative solutions to problems that may not be apparent using traditional methods. Cultivating creativity isn’t just for artistic pursuits; it’s about looking at challenges from fresh angles and being open to unconventional ideas that can lead to breakthroughs.

Emotional Intelligence

Problem solving is not solely an intellectual exercise; it often involves managing emotions and interpersonal relations. Emotional intelligence (EQ) empowers you to understand and manage your own emotions and those of others. High EQ leads to better communication and collaboration, which is essential when you’re working through problems in a team setting.

Decision-Making Skills

All the analysis, critical thought, and creativity ultimately aim at making decisions. Timely and decisive action is often required to resolve issues before they balloon. Training yourself to weigh the pros and cons and then confidently make choices is an essential component of effective problem solving.

Strategic Planning

Strategic planning is about seeing the big picture . Those skilled in strategy are able to formulate step-by-step plans that lead to solutions, considering both short-term results and long-term implications. This forward-thinking approach is invaluable for moving from problem identification to successful execution of solutions.

Adaptability and Flexibility

In a world where change is the only constant, being adaptable and flexible is key. Problems often don’t follow a script, and you need to be able to pivot and adjust your plans as new information or variables come into play.

Persistence

Finally, an often-overlooked aspect of problem solving is the persistence to follow through. Some problems are more complex and stubborn than others, requiring sustained effort and the resilience to face setbacks.

By intentionally cultivating these skills, you will become better equipped to face the multitude of challenges that the workplace can throw at you. Strengthening these capabilities is not an overnight affair but rather a continuous journey of personal and professional development to become a good problem solver. As you advance these essential problem-solving skills, you’ll find yourself becoming a go-to source for solutions in your workplace, deepening your value and effectiveness in your role.

Strategies to Enhance Problem Solving Skills

Developing effective problem-solving skills is a dynamic and continuous process. To better navigate the complexities of the workplace and personal challenges, it’s beneficial to adopt certain strategies that can enhance these skills over time. Below are some effective strategies to consider incorporating into your personal development plan :

Continuous Learning

Keeping abreast of industry trends, technological advancements, and professional knowledge is essential. Engaging in continuous learning through courses, workshops, and reading can expose you to new ideas and methodologies that enhance your problem-solving skills.

Practice Critical Analysis

Like any other skill, problem-solving abilities improve with practice. Try to tackle diverse problems, even if they’re hypothetical. Games and puzzles that require strategic thinking can also sharpen your problem-solving skills.

Reflect on Past Experiences

Maintaining a journal where you document thechallenges you’ve faced, the approaches you took, and the outcomes can help you analyze your growth. This reflection can provide insights into how your approaches can be improved or adapted for future issues.

Foster Creativity

Regular brainstorming sessions, either solo or in a group, can help you think outside the box and generate creative solutions. Don’t judge ideas as they come; the goal is to open up as many possibilities as you can, and then evaluate them later for viability.

Seek Diverse Perspectives

Different perspectives can lead to unique solutions. By networking with others and collaborating, you can experience different problem-solving styles and learn new techniques. This can be particularly useful in complex scenarios where interdisciplinary approaches might be beneficial.

Develop Emotional Intelligence

Since problem-solving often involves other people, understanding emotional dynamics can lead to better outcomes. Work on emotional intelligence by practicing empathy and self-awareness. Knowing how your emotions influence your decisions can help you manage them more effectively.

Implement Structured Problem-Solving Methods

Familiarize yourself with structured problem-solving techniques such as SWOT Analysis, Root Cause Analysis, or the Five Whys. These frameworks can provide a systematic approach to dissecting and addressing problems more effectively.

Embrace Mistakes as Learning Opportunities

Every problem-solving process offers a lesson. Embrace mistakes and analyze them to understand what went wrong and why. This analysis can turn failures into valuable learning opportunities, preventing similar mistakes in the future.

Prioritize Problems

Not all problems need to be solved immediately, and not all require the same amount of resources. Learning to prioritize problems based on their impact and urgency can enhance your effectiveness.

By incorporating these strategies into your regular practices, you can sharpen your problem-solving skills and become more adept at navigating the challenges of both your professional and personal life. Enhancing these skills not only makes you a more competent individual but also a valuable team player and leader in any organizational setting.

Training and Resources for Skill Enhancement

Developing and enhancing problem-solving skills is a journey that involves continual learning and growth. Thankfully, in today’s digital world, there are abundant resources and training opportunities available that cater to varying levels of expertise and professional fields. Utilizing these resources can significantly boost your ability to tackle complex problems effectively. Here’s a guide to some of the most valuable types and sources of training and resources available:

Online Courses and Workshops

Platforms like Coursera, edX, and LinkedIn Learning offer courses taught by industry professionals and university professors. These platforms cover a wide range of topics from analytical thinking, critical reasoning, and creative problem-solving, to specialized courses tailored to specific industries. Interactive workshops can also simulate real-life problem-solving scenarios, offering hands-on experience.

Books and eBooks

A wealth of knowledge exists in books focused on enhancing problem-solving skills. Titles such as “Thinking, Fast and Slow” by Daniel Kahneman, and “The Art of Problem Solving” by Russell L. Ackoff provide insights into human cognition and practical strategies for effective problem-solving. eBooks available on platforms like Amazon Kindle allow easy access to the latest titles as well as classic texts.

Professional Development Seminars

Industry-specific seminars hosted by professional bodies or trade associations can be invaluable. These seminars often address current challenges in the field and offer problem-solving techniques that are immediately applicable to your work. Attending these events also provides networking opportunities with peers who may have faced similar challenges.

Mentorship Programs

Finding a mentor in your field can provide personalized guidance on navigating professional challenges. Mentors can share their experiences, offer advice on developing problem-solving strategies, and provide feedback on your approach to different situations.

Group Discussion Forums and Online Communities

Platforms like Reddit, Quora, and specific professional networks (e.g., Stack Overflow for tech professionals) can be excellent resources for sharing and receiving advice on problem-solving. Engaging with these communities allows you to discuss real-world problems, explore multiple perspectives, and learn from the experiences of others.

Simulation Games

Strategic and simulation games (e.g., chess, SimCity, or even escape rooms) can be fun and effective ways to sharpen your strategic thinking and decision-making skills. These games challenge you to think ahead, anticipate problems, and devise solutions within constraints, mirroring real-life problem-solving situations.

YouTube Channels and TED Talks

Educational YouTube channels (such as TED-Ed or CrashCourse) and TED Talks offer free access to engaging content that can broaden your perspective and inspire innovative thinking. They cover a vast range of subjects, including psychology, business strategies, and science—all of which can enhance your problem-solving skills.

E-learning Apps

Mobile apps designed for learning new skills can be highly convenient. Apps like Lumosity, which offers brain-training exercises, or Brilliant.org , which focuses on problem-solving and critical thinking, allow you to practice and improve your skills on the go.

By leveraging these diverse training and resources, you can effectively enhance your problem-solving skills and apply them to your professional and personal life. Remember, the key to improvement is consistency and the willingness to step out of your comfort zone to tackle new challenges.

Practical Ways to Apply Problem Solving in Everyday Work

Incorporating problem-solving techniques into daily work routines can transform the way challenges are approached, making processes more efficient and outcomes more effective. Here are practical ways to apply problem-solving skills in everyday work:

Start with Clear Problem Definition

The first step in solving any problem is accurately defining it. Spend time understanding the issue at hand. Ask questions like, “What exactly is the problem?”, “Why is it a problem?”, and “What are the consequences of this problem?” A clear, concise problem statement paves the way for focused and effective solutions.

Break Down the Problem

Large or complex problems can seem daunting at first. Break them down into smaller, more manageable components. This approach makes it easier to tackle each part of the problem systematically, without feeling overwhelmed. Analyzing smaller pieces of the puzzle often reveals insights that apply to the problem at large.

Implement the 5 Whys Technique

Originating from lean manufacturing practices, the 5 Whys technique is about asking “Why?” a minimum of five times to drill down into the root cause of a problem. This method encourages deeper investigation beyond surface-level issues and can uncover underlying problems that, once solved, prevent future occurrences.

Leverage Diverse Perspectives

Collaboration can bring diverse perspectives to the table, shedding new light on the problem. Encourage team members to share their insights, experiences, and potential solutions. Sometimes, a fresh pair of eyes can see a solution that may not be apparent from a single viewpoint.

Apply Critical Thinking

Critical thinking involves analyzing facts to understand a problem or topic objectively. It requires distancing yourself from emotional responses to evaluate data and evidence logically. In the context of problem-solving, this means looking at all angles of a problem, questioning assumptions, and considering various outcomes before deciding on a course of action.

Experiment with Brainstorming and Mind Mapping

Brainstorming sessions can generate a multitude of solutions in a short amount of time, making them invaluable for problem-solving. Mind mapping, on the other hand, can help visually organize thoughts, ideas, and potential solutions, making the relationships between different aspects of the problem and its possible solutions clearer.

Prioritize Solutions

Once potential solutions have been identified, evaluate and prioritize them based on criteria like feasibility, impact, and resource requirements. This step ensures that effort is invested in implementing solutions that are most likely to resolve the problem effectively.

Develop an Action Plan

An actionable plan outlines the steps needed to implement the chosen solution. This plan should include tasks, timelines, responsible individuals, and resources needed. Breaking the solution down into manageable steps ensures progress can be tracked, and adjustments can be made as needed.

Reflect and Learn from Outcomes

After implementing a solution, it’s crucial to assess its effectiveness. Did it solve the problem? What worked well, and what didn’t? Reflecting on these questions and learning from the outcomes is a critical part of the problem-solving process. It not only helps in refining current solutions but also enhances problem-solving skills for future challenges.

By integrating these practical strategies into everyday work, individuals and teams can foster a proactive problem-solving culture. This approach not only addresses issues more efficiently but also contributes to continuous improvement and innovation within the workplace.

Incorporating Problem Solving into Team Collaboration

Bringing problem-solving to the forefront of team collaboration not only enhances productivity but also drives innovation and team cohesion. Here are several strategies for effectively incorporating problem-solving into the fabric of team collaboration :

Foster Open Communication

Establish a communication-rich environment where team members feel comfortable sharing their thoughts and ideas. Encourage active listening and ensure that all voices are heard without judgment. This openness facilitates the free flow of information, which is critical for identifying issues and brainstorming solutions collaboratively.

Define Roles Clearly

Clearly defining roles within the team helps in streamlining the problem-solving process. Assign a facilitator to guide discussions, a scribe to document the process, and various roles based on team members’ unique skills and expertise. When everyone understands their responsibilities, the team can tackle problems more efficiently.

Utilize Group Problem-Solving Models

Adopt structured problem-solving models such as the PDCA cycle (Plan-Do-Check-Act) or the Six Thinking Hats technique to give a clear framework to the collaborative process. These models help organize thoughts, manage the flow of ideas, and assess solutions systematically.

Create a Safe Space for Creativity

Innovative solutions often arise from creative thinking. Create a team culture where creativity is valued and nurtured. Establish an environment where it’s safe to take risks and where unconventional ideas are explored, not immediately dismissed.

Encourage Collaborative Tools

Leverage technology to facilitate collaboration. Use project management tools, shared documents, and digital whiteboards to allow team members to contribute ideas, organize thoughts, and track progress in real-time, even when working remotely.

Value Diverse Perspectives

Diversity within teams brings a range of perspectives to problem-solving, which can lead to more comprehensive and robust solutions. Encourage team members with different backgrounds, skills, and experiences to contribute their viewpoints. Recognize the value of diversity as a strength in the problem-solving process.

Implement Regular Group Reflection Sessions

After completing a project or resolving an issue, reconvene the team for reflection sessions. What was learned? What could have been done better? Reviewing the problem-solving process and the outcomes can offer valuable learning experiences that improve the teams’ ability to handle future issues collectively.

Establish a Clear Process for Decision Making

While consensus may be ideal, it’s not always practical. Establish a decision-making process that is transparent and fair, such as voting or taking turns to make final decisions. Having a process in place can help avoid conflict and ensure that decisions are made in a timely manner.

Empower Team Members

Empower individuals within the team to take initiative and make decisions within their scope. This empowerment can lead to faster problem resolution and encourages a sense of ownership and accountability within the team.

Celebrate Successes and Learn from Failures

Acknowledge when the team successfully solves a problem and celebrate the achievement, no matter how small. This positive reinforcement motivates team members for future problem-solving endeavors. Similarly, view failures not as setbacks but as learning opportunities, providing valuable insights for improvement.

Incorporating problem-solving into team collaboration isn’t just about fixing issues; it’s about building a dynamic, resilient, and innovative team capable of confronting any challenge that comes their way with confidence and collective expertise.

Measuring the Impact of Improved Problem-Solving Skills

As organizations and teams focus on enhancing problem-solving abilities, it becomes essential to measure the impact of these improvements. Evaluating the outcomes not only validates the effort invested in developing these skills but also guides future training and development initiatives. Here are approaches to quantitatively and qualitatively measure the impact of enhanced problem-solving skills within a team or organization:

Benchmarking Performance Metrics

Before and after implementing problem-solving training or initiatives, benchmark key performance indicators (KPIs) relevant to the organization’s goals. Metrics such as customer satisfaction scores, product defect rates, service delivery times, and employee efficiency can provide tangible evidence of the impact of improved problem-solving skills. Monitoring these metrics over time helps in assessing the long-term effects on operational efficiency and productivity.

Employee Feedback and Self-Assessment

Gather feedback from team members about their confidence and competence in solving problems before and after training or initiatives. Surveys, interviews, and self-assessment tools can be used to measure perceived improvements in problem-solving abilities. Employees’ reflections on their growth and challenges provide invaluable insights into the effectiveness of development efforts and areas for further improvement.

Case Studies and Success Stories

Document specific instances where enhanced problem-solving skills led to significant positive outcomes—for example, a complex project delivered successfully, a critical issue resolved efficiently, or a notable innovation developed. These case studies serve as qualitative evidence of the impact and can be incredibly motivating for individuals and teams, illustrating the real-world applications and benefits of effective problem-solving.

Turnaround Time for Issue Resolution

Measure the time taken to identify, address, and resolve issues before and after applying focused problem-solving strategies. A reduction in the turnaround time indicates a more efficient problem-solving process. This metric can be particularly revealing in high-pressure environments where rapid response to challenges is crucial.

Innovation and Idea Implementation

Track the number of new ideas, innovations, and continuous improvement projects generated and implemented within a specific timeframe. Improved problem-solving skills often lead to a more innovative mindset and a higher rate of actionable ideas that can drive the organization forward.

Return on Investment (ROI)

Calculate the return on investment for training and development initiatives aimed at enhancing problem-solving skills. This can involve comparing the costs associated with these initiatives against the tangible benefits obtained, such as cost savings from efficiencies, increased sales from innovative products, or reduced waste and rework. Demonstrating a strong ROI is compelling evidence of the value of investing in problem-solving capabilities.

Employee Retention and Engagement

Examine trends in employee retention and engagement levels. Organizations that focus on developing problem-solving skills often see improvements in these areas because employees feel more empowered, valued, and capable. Higher engagement and lower turnover rates indirectly reflect the positive impact of a problem-solving culture.

Customer Feedback and Retention

Monitor changes in customer feedback and retention rates. Improvements in problem-solving can enhance product quality, customer service, and overall satisfaction, leading to positive feedback and higher retention. Changes in these metrics can provide insight into how enhanced problem-solving skills are perceived from the customer’s perspective.

By employing a combination of these quantitative and qualitative measures, organizations can gain a comprehensive understanding of the impact of improved problem-solving skills. This evaluative approach enables continuous improvement, helping to cultivate a culture of problem-solving that drives success and innovation.

Improving problem-solving skills in the workplace is crucial for any organization aiming to enhance efficiency, foster innovation, and maintain competitiveness. By encouraging a collaborative environment, providing ongoing training, implementing structured problem-solving frameworks, and promoting a culture of continuous improvement, teams can develop stronger analytical and creative thinking capabilities.

It’s essential for these efforts to be supported by managers and integrated into the core values of the organization to ensure their effectiveness and sustainability. As businesses work on refining these skills among their employees, they not only solve immediate challenges more effectively but also equip their workforce with the tools needed for future success. Thus, investing in and nurturing problem-solving skills becomes a pivotal strategy for organizational growth and resilience.