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UGC PhD Regulations 2024 - New Guidelines for PhD Scholars

Kopal Srivastava Aug 6, 2024 3.4K Reads

A doctorate in India is for those who are passionate about deep research. These studies often lead to new discoveries or significant scientific advances. Some findings improve our understanding of the world.

Others spark scientific revolutions acknowledged for decades. In this blog, we explain UGC regulations for pursuing a PhD in India. The guidelines are called UGC (Minimum Standards and Procedure for Award of Ph.D. Degree) Regulations, 2022.

They apply to :

• Universities established by Central, Provincial, or State Acts
• Institutions deemed to be Universities under Section 3 of the UGC Act, 1956

These guidelines are effective from the date as soon as they are published.To know more, you can even check the link given “REGULATIONS”

What are the Guidelines for Pursuing a PhD Program

The University Grant Commission (UGC) has decided starting in the 2024-25 academic year, that NET scores will be used for PhD admissions. This will replace the entrance exams that universities and higher education institutions used to hold. This change was announced on March 27, 2024 :

Three criteria are used to group NET scores :

• Award for JRF & Assistant Professor Appointment is the first category : If you meet the requirements, you can be considered for a PhD program, you are eligible for a Junior Research Fellowship, and an Assistant Professor appointment.
• Promotion to Assistant Professor and PhD Admission is the second category : The Junior Research Fellowship is not available to candidates in this category. You are still able to get a PhD and be assigned as an assistant professor, though.
• PhD Admission Only is the third category : Only PhD admission is eligible for this category. It is not possible for you to be appointed as an Assistant Professor or get a Junior Research Fellowship.
• Moreover, 30% of the weight for PhD admission comes from the interview and 70% comes from your NET score.
• For categories 1 and 2, the NET score is valid for a year, therefore you must submit a PhD admissions application within a year of passing the UGC NET.

Who is eligible for a PhD Program?

• 1-Year Master’s Degree : Candidates with a 1-year divided into 2-semester Master’s degree, must have completed an undergraduate of 4 years with at least 55% marks or a 'B' grade on the UGC 10-point scale can apply to a PhD Program.Or you must have an Equivalent degree from an accredited foreign university are also accepted.
• 2-Year Master’s Degree : Candidates with a 2-year divided into 4-semester Master’s degree must meet the same eligibility as above.
• Bachelor’s Degree : Candidates with a 4-year divided into 8-semester Bachelor’s degree are only allowed not with a 3-year bachelor’s degree for Research need a minimum CGPA of 7.5/10. Or a 75 percent mark in the graduation.

M.Phil. Candidates :

• Candidates who completed the M.Phil. coursework with at least 55% marks or a 'B' grade on the UGC 10-point scale are eligible. Equivalent degrees from accredited foreign institutions are also accepted.
• If the M.Phil. dissertation is evaluated and recommended for the award, candidates can be admitted to the Ph.D. program provisionally before the viva voce.

Relaxations :

• Marks Relaxation : A 5% relaxation in marks (from 55% to 50%) or equivalent grade relaxation is allowed for SC/ST/OBC category, Differently-Abled, Economically Weaker Section (EWS), and other categories as per the Commission’s decision.
• CGPA Relaxation : A relaxation of 0.5 in the CGPA score (to 7/10) or an equivalent grade is allowed for the same categories mentioned above.

Note :  The 55% eligibility marks (or equivalent grade) and the 5% relaxation for specific categories are based only on qualifying marks without including grace marks.

Program Duration

• The duration of a PhD Program is a minimum of 2 years excluding a course work and it can extend up to 6 years.
• Extensions beyond six years are allowed as per the institution's rules, but not for more than two extra years.
• Women and Persons with Disabilities over 40% disability can get an extra two years for their Ph.D. Women can also take up to 240 days of Maternity/Child Care Leave during their Ph.D.
• For student exchanges that help complete the thesis, leave may be granted from the second year onwards
• Short research trips (less than one month) need supervisor and department head approval.
• Longer research missions that last more than one month need department proposals and approval from the Research Advisory Committee for work in National/International Research Labs or Centres of Excellence.

Admission Procedure of a PhD Program 

Ph.D. candidates may apply to any university using the National Eligibility Test (NET), a National Admission Test, or one of their own admission exams. Universities are required to comply with notifications on common entrance exams issued by the Ministry of Education or the UGC.

Colleges and universities that provide Ph.D. programs need to :

• Determine the annual number of Ph.D. candidates to accept based on the facilities and supervisors that are available.
• Publicize on their website and in two national publications (one in the local language) the availability of seats, the entrance requirements, and other pertinent information.

Observe any state or federal reserve laws :

The admissions requirements must take into account state and federal reservation rules, as well as UGC and other legal requirements. A two-stage admissions process utilizing National Level Entrance Exams or comparable exams will be used.

• Those who meet the requirements for the NET and JRF will occupy 60% of the seats, while those who pass the university or common admission exam will occupy 40%. Candidates from the other category may fill open seats in accordance with reservation policies and merit.
• Research, analytical, understanding, and mathematical skills will all be evaluated through an entrance exam. With a 50% qualifying mark (45% for SC/ST/OBC and Differently-abled candidates, it will be held in centers that have been notified. Within a month, a Special Admission Drive will take place if the reserved seats are not filled.
• Candidates will describe their research interests via interview. For applicants who pass the entrance exam, selection will be made in a 70:30 ratio; for JRF/NET candidates, selection will depend only on the interview. There will be distinct merit lists released.

The interview will evaluate :

• The applicant's research proficiency of the candidate.
• The capacity of the organization to fund the study.
•   The study topic's applicable.
• Academic institutions are required to publish a list of all Ph.D. candidates, together with their name, research subject, supervisor's name, and registration date, on their website each year.

Course Work

The Ph.D. program requires a minimum of 12 credits and a maximum of 16 credits.

Coursework is a prerequisite for Ph.D. preparation. Four credits must be assigned to one or more courses on Research Methodology, covering quantitative methods, qualitative methods, 3) computer applications, research ethics, review of published research in the relevant field, and fieldwork.

All Ph.D. students must take courses in teaching, education, pedagogy, or writing related to their subject.

Other courses will be advanced-level to prepare students for their Ph.D.

  Experienced researchers with original contributions can choose courses that help monetize their intellectual property.

  Credits earned from coursework can be transferred between institutions through the Academic Bank of Credits.

Ph.D. students should gain 3-4 hours of teaching experience per week through assistantships or other knowledge dissemination activities.

Dissemination activities, including presentations, articles, and research, must be approved by the Research Committee.

All Ph.D. courses must meet credit hour requirements and be approved by academic bodies.

The Department, based on the Research Advisory Committee's recommendations, will prescribe courses for the scholar.

Ph.D. students must complete coursework within the first one or two semesters, with blended learning options in case of pandemics.

Candidates with an M.Phil. may be exempt from Ph.D. coursework.

Government-sponsored candidates may also be exempt if they have completed equivalent coursework.

Course grades will be assessed by the Research Advisory Committee and the Department.

Ph.D. students need at least 55% marks or an equivalent grade to continue and submit their thesis.

Evaluation and Assessment

• Ph.D. candidates must begin research and prepare a draft dissertation or thesis within a response time frame specified by the university after finishing courses with the necessary grades.
•   Scholars are required to present their work to the Research Advisory Committee and obtain feedback from faculty members and other researchers before submitting their thesis.
• It is encouraged to present research at conferences and publish it in peer-reviewed publications. Universities have the authority to establish standards and should guarantee the caliber of Ph.D. degrees.
•  An originality report generated by anti-plagiarism software must accompany the thesis submission. Managers need to look over this report.
• Institutions need a way to identify plagiarism. A statement of originality from the student and a supervisory certificate must be submitted with the thesis.
• The supervisor and two outside examiners, who are professionals not affiliated with the university, will assess the thesis. Examiners may come from outside India, but at least one must be from outside the state.
•  The supervisor and one or more external examiners will conduct the Interview test. The Research Advisory Committee, academic staff, research researchers, and other specialists are welcome to attend.
• The applicant and supervisor are required to notify the institution if the study findings result in the possibility of intellectual property rights. It is possible to handle the thesis in private and to postpone the public defense for up to a year.
• Only if the examiners approve the thesis only then will the Interview take place. An additional examiner will be consulted if one examiner rejects it. The thesis will be dismissed if the secondary examiner concurs.
• After submission, the Ph.D. thesis assessment procedure should be finished in full within three months.
• It is recommended for Ph.D. scholars to spend a minimum of three consecutive weeks, one to six months, working at different research institutes, including foreign ones.

PhD through Distance or Online Mode

Ph.D. programs cannot be conducted through distance education or online mode. However, candidates in service can pursue a Ph.D. as long as they meet all eligibility conditions specified in the Ph.D. regulations.

Moreover, if you want to pursue an Online PhD, you can opt for its alternative which is an Online DBA. DBA stands for Doctor of Business Administration and it is also a doctorate program and adds up a “Dr” title before your name.

There are various universities offering you an Online DBA. Some of them are mentioned below :

Provisional Certificate

Before the degree is officially awarded, the university will issue a provisional certificate confirming that the degree has been granted in line with UGC Regulations.

Colleges Offering a PhD In India

There are various government and private colleges offering a PhD program, Some of them are mentioned below :

Before directly applying to a PhD program, it is a must for you to go through all the rules and regulations by the UGC for pursuing a PhD Program. It will help you to fill in all the necessary information regarding the PhD program such as eligibility, duration, and many more.

FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions)

⭐ what are the new ugc phd regulations.

Now, candidates can pursue a PhD straight after completing a four-year undergraduate degree. Regardless of their undergraduate major, individuals can take the NET in the PhD topic of their choice; all they need is a minimum of 75% of marks in their graduation 

⭐ Is a UGC NET required for a PhD?

Indeed, NET scores will be used to determine PhD admissions beginning with the 2024–2025 academic year. For a PhD, university entry tests are no longer necessary.

⭐ What is better JRF or NET?

You can work as an assistant professor at colleges and universities if you have NET. Top NET scores are given Junior Research Fellowships (JRFs), which come with stipends for research.

⭐ Can one pursue a PhD part-time and is it valid?

Part-time PhDs are recognized by UGC, yes you can obtain a part-time PhD. Your employer must provide you with a "No Objection Certificate". You have to enroll in full-time classes for a minimum of six months.

⭐ Can my PhD be published as a book?

It is possible to publish your doctoral study as a book.

⭐ Do PhD candidates receive a stipend?

Indeed, a monthly stipend is provided to PhD students to cover living expenses, research costs, and housing.

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UGC latest Regulations for PhD

UGC has drafted the latest minimum standards and procedures ( UGC PhD regulations 2022 ) to award a PhD degree. These latest UGC regulations replace Regulation, 2016 and its two amendments: (1st amendment ) Regulations, 2018 dated the 27th of August 2018, and (2nd amendment) Regulations, 2018 dated 16th of October 2018.

Latest Regulation from UGC:

PhD admission without UGC NET in 2024

UGC regulations for part time PhD

PhD admission with four year Graduation degree

Page Contents

University Grants Commission (Minimum Standards and Procedures for Award of PhD Degree) Regulations, 2022

Eligibility criteria for admission to the phd programme.

A 1-year/2-semester Master’s degree programme (after a 4-year undergraduate degree) with at least 55% marks in aggregate or its equivalent grade ‘B’ on the UGC 10-point scale.

A 2-year/4-semester Master’s degree programme.

A candidate seeking admission after a 4-year/8-semester Bachelor’s degree in Research should have a minimum CGPA of 7.5/10.

A relaxation of 5 % marks can be granted to those belonging to SC/ST/OBC.

Duration of the PhD Programme

PhD programme shall be for a minimum duration of three years including coursework, and a maximum of six years. For more details regarding the extension, please read the complete PDF notification provided at the last of this blog post.

Procedure for admission

All Universities shall admit Ph.D. Scholars through a National Eligibility Test (NET) or National Entrance Test or an Entrance test conducted at the level of individual universities.

UGC guidelines for Ph.D. thesis submission

The Ph.D. thesis submitted by a research scholar shall be evaluated by his/her Research Supervisor and at least two external examiners, who are experts in the field.

Out of the two external examiners, one must be from out of the state in which the institution is located.

The viva voce of the research scholar to defend the thesis shall be conducted only if the evaluation report(s) of the examiner(s) on the thesis recommends acceptance. If one of the evaluation reports of the examiner in case of a Ph.D. thesis, recommends rejection, the Institution shall send the thesis to an alternate examiner out of the approved panel of examiners and the viva-voce examination shall be held only if the report of the alternate examiner is satisfactory.

UGC regulations for the award of PhD

Award of degrees to candidates registered for the Ph.D. programme on or after July 11, 2009, till the date shall be governed by the provisions of the UGC (Minimum Standards and Procedure for Award of M.Phil./Ph.D. Degree) Regulations, 2009 and 2016 and their amendments .

UGC guidelines for plagiarism

Reference :

https://www.ugc.ac.in/pdfnews/4405511_Draft-UGC-PhD-regulations-2022.pdf

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Minimum Qualifications for admission to Full-time PhD Programmes

Table 1 defines the minimum qualifications required for admission to full-time Ph. D. programmes at IIT Delhi. Please note:

These are Institute minimum requirements and any Department/Centre/School operating through their DRC/CRC/SRC can specify higher short-listing criteria than what is specified here.

This table includes most of the degrees, but each DRC/CRC/SRC is free to specify the qualifications and disciplines acceptable for admission to their programmes.

Candidates in the final year of their programmes and who expect to complete all their qualifying degree requirements before the date of registration are also eligible to apply for admissions. For short-listing purposes, their performance until the preceding semester (preceding year if their programmes are year based) would be considered but their admission would be provisional, subject to their meeting the minimum eligibility criteria after their final qualifying examination results are announced. In any case, all admissions are provisional at first and it is confirmed only after all certificates and previous records are duly checked and verified, a process which may take a few weeks into the starting semester.

Table 1: Minimum Qualification for Admission to full-time PhD Programmes

Exemptions, relaxations and clarifications:

For SC/ST/PwD category candidates , the minimum performance in the qualifying degree (S. No. 1 & 2 in Table 1) is relaxed from 60% to 55% (CGPA relaxed from 6.00 to 5.50).

For SC/ST/PwD category candidates , the minimum performance in the qualifying degree (Sr. No.3 in Table 1) is relaxed from 70% to 65% (CGPA relaxed from 7.00 to 6.50).

Qualifying degree performance is computed by aggregating performance over all the semesters/years of the qualifying degree, as per the credit or weightage system approved in the institution/ board where the degree has been completed.

Requirement of qualification in GATE / National Exam is waived for the following categories of applicants:

Currently registered students in Centrally Funded Technical Institutes (CFTIs) pursuing B.Tech./B.E./ Integrated M. Tech/ Integrated M.Sc. Programmes (or any other programme of minimum four year duration, admission to which is on the basis of JEE), who have completed 6 semesters or more, and have CGPA of 8.00 or above (on a 10 point scale). Such students must obtain a CGPA of 8.00 or above at the time of graduation, and before they formally register for the Ph.D. programme (80% aggregate marks, if marks are the primary mode of evaluation);

Graduates of CFTIs (in the programmes marked under (i)) with a final graduation CGPA of more than 8.00 (80% aggregate marks, if marks are the primary mode of evaluation);

M.A or M.Sc. graduates from IITs with CGPA 8.00 or above.

For purposes of shortlisting, the primary method of evaluation (i.e., CGPA/CPI, or aggregate percentage, whichever is appropriate) followed by the institution where candidate has obtained his/her qualifying degree will be used by IIT Delhi for determining whether the candidate meets the final shortlisting requirements.

For assistantship purposes only (and not for qualification), candidates with M.B.B.S. qualification will be considered equivalent to M. Tech., for admission to Ph.D. programme in Centre for Biomedical Engineering;

For candidates with M.A. degree in English, a 5% relaxation in marks or 0.5 relaxation in CGPA may be permitted for admission to the Ph.D. programme in Humanities and Social Sciences;

Candidates holding an MBA degree are eligible for applying to the Ph.D. programme in the Department of Management Studies.

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Minimum standards and procedures for award of Ph.D. degree regulations, 2022

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PhD: UGC revises eligibility, admission & evaluation norms

A draft notification has been issued, revising the regulations for awarding Doctor of Philosophy, i.e., PhD, by institutions under the University Grants Commission (UGC). These would come into effect from the date of publication in the Union Gazette. This would modify the May 5, 2016, Regulation and its subsequent two amendments.

The proposals on the criteria for admission, eligibility, programme duration and evaluation are the following:

A) Proposed admission norms Admission should be given via the National Eligibility Test (NET) of the UGC or similar recognised test.

UGC simplifies hurdles in PhD admission, introduces new criteria

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Each year, the universities and colleges can determine the number of seats while taking into account the number of available research supervisors, basic facilities and the student-teacher ratio.

Relevant information such as the number of seats, subject-wise list, admission criteria and procedures should be published on the website in advance. If there is an entrance test, details of that should also be included. Details should also be published in two newspapers, including one in regional language.

The central/state reservation policy should be adhered to.

Sixty per cent seats to be filled from NET/JRF, while 40 per cent seats from the university/common entrance and the interview conducted by the institution. In case of vacant slots in one category, these can be filled from the other category.

Only those candidates with 50 per cent marks in the entrance exam should be considered. For SC/ST, OBC and differently-abled, 45 per cent.

Candidates in the NET/JRF categories should be ranked on the basis of their interview, and the others on their performance in the written test (70) and interview (30).

If retired professors get appointed as an emeritus professor at the same university, they can continue as supervisors till the age of 70.

B) Proposed eligibility norms One-year/two-semester Master’s degree with 55 per cent marks in aggregate or equivalent grade, after a four-year under-graduate degree. Two-year/ four-semester Master’s degree with 55 per cent marks or equivalent grade Four-year/ eight-semester 'bachelor’s degree with research' with a grade point average of at least 7.5/10.

Applicants should have completed MPhil course work, with 55 per cent marks in aggregate or equivalent grade. Candidates pursuing MPhil but have not completed viva voce and final defence can be given admission to PhD on a provisional basis.

Candidates in the SC/ST, OBC and differently abled categories and the economically-weaker section need only 50 per cent marks. The minimum marks/grade should be considered without including the grace mark.

C) Norms on programme duration The programme duration should be 2 to 6 years, excluding course work. If the duration is extended as per the special rule of a particular institution, it should not be more than 2 years.

For women and the differently abled, the duration can be extended up to 2 years. Women can also avail maternity/ childcare leave for 240 days. Women who have to relocate due to marriage or any other reason can be allowed to transfer the research study to a new centre, subject to conditions.

There is also a provision to take leave for a few weeks to take part in a student-exchange programme in the country or abroad that would help in preparing the thesis.

D) Evaluation method An anti-plagiarism software report also needs to be submitted along with the draft dissertation or thesis on the satisfactory completion of the course work. It is recommended to present the research work in the journal or present it in the conference, with the permission of the institution. But not mandatory.

No university or college should conduct the PhD programme in the distance education mode or online mode. Those in service should also follow the above-mentioned provisions while pursuing PhD.

Even though there is no MPhil programme from 2022-23 academic year onwards, the already earned MPhil degree would remain valid. On the satisfactory completion of the programme, the PhD provisional certificate should be given to the research student.

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UGC amends PhD admission norms

The ugc has also proposed to reserve 60% of the available seats for national eligibility test (net)/ junior research fellowship (net-jrf) qualified candidates in all higher education institutions.

New Delhi: Holders of four-year undergraduate degrees with a minimum CGPA (Cumulative Grade Point Average) of 7.5 will be eligible for admission to PhD programmes, according to revised norms proposed by the University Grants Commision (UGC).

In its latest draft of amendments to the UGC (Minimum Standards and Procedures for Award of Ph.D Degree) Regulations, 2016, the UGC has also proposed to reserve 60% of the available seats for National Eligibility Test (NET)/ Junior Research Fellowship (NET-JRF) qualified candidates in all higher education institutions.

The draft UGC (Minimum Standards and Procedure for Award of Ph.D. Degree) Regulations, 2022, was approved during the 556th commission meeting held on March 10. HT has reviewed a copy of the document. The changes are in line with the National Education Policy, 2020 (NEP 2020).

The draft regulations are likely to be released for public suggestions on Thursday, said UGC officials familiar with the development.

According to the document, while there will be a status quo in terms of the procedure of admissions, the draft guidelines revised the eligibility criteria after the discontinuation of MPhil degree under NEP 2020, and introduction of four-year undergraduate programmes (FYUP).

Under the NEP 2020, universities and colleges will now offer 4-year undergraduate degrees with multiple exit and entry options. Several universities, including the Jawaharlal Nehru University and Delhi University, have already decided to adopt these programmes from this year. After completing a four-year degree programme, the students will receive honours with a research undergraduate degree.

According to the new proposed norms, candidates having a four-year bachelor’s degree with research with minimum 7.5 CGPA will be eligible for admission to PhD programmes, along with first and second year post graduate students (after completing a four-year programme).

Confirming the development, UGC chairperson Jagadesh Kumar said, “The four-year undergraduate programme is beneficial to students in several ways. Those who are interested in research can do either multidisciplinary research or focus on a single discipline in their final year. Those who do well in the 4-year undergraduate program will be eligible to join in a PhD programme. I believe that this will enhance the research ecosystem in our country.”

Besides, candidates who have cleared M.Phil with at least 55% marks in aggregate will continue to remain eligible. “The MPhil degree shall be de-specified from the Academic year 2022-23 onwards. MPhil degree awarded till the date of notification of these regulations shall remain valid,” the document stated.

The document further stated that 60% of the total vacant seats of the academic year shall be filled from NET/JRF qualified students. “The remaining 40% through the university/common entrance test qualified students on the basis of interviews conducted by the concerned institute,” it said.

Presently, there is no such fixed criteria for universities and colleges. NET/JRF qualified students do not have to appear for an entrance test and are admitted on the basis of viva (spoken examinations) or interviews. Others have to undergo the test and the weightage assigned against interview/viva is 70:30.

Under the amended regulations, the minimum duration for completion of PhD has been revised from three years to two years while the maximum duration remained unchanged at six years. The UGC has also provided for leaves for research scholars to undertake research expeditions, research missions, and exchange programmes.

The proposed regulations also extend a 5% relaxation in eligibility criteria to the economically weaker sections (EWS). The document further stressed on the areas of research and recommended that topics that are “socially relevant, locally need-based,and nationally important” to adding value to society should be encouraged.

Several amendments have been proposed in the role and obligations of research supervisors and co-supervisors, the biggest of them being that they will be allowed to guide two international students on a supernumerary basis.

Besides, under the amended regulations, the quality assessment of PhD degrees should be the responsibility of higher education institutions and they will be free to evolve guidelines in this regard.

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