how to describe happy creative writing

29 Ways To Write About Happiness

In this post, we have included 29 things for you to consider when you write about happiness .

One of our most popular posts on Writers Write is  37 Ways To Write About Anger . We thought we would look at interesting ways to write about other emotions, including:

• 32 Ways To Write About Fear
• 43 Ways To Write About Love
• 40 Ways To Write About Empathy
• 37 Ways To Write About Grief

In this post, we look at writing about happiness .

How do we write about happiness in an authentic way?

Happiness is a state of being that includes positive emotions that range from comfort and contentment to intense joy. Happiness is a state of well-being and satisfaction that gives life a sense of meaning.

When we write about happy characters, we should remember to write about them in a realistic way.

Must-Read :  7 Secrets To Writing Happy Characters Without Boring Your Audience

Here are 29 things to consider when you write about happiness:

A)  Physical Reactions

According to Joyful Days , happiness is a physical reaction to one of these chemicals being released:

1. Endorphins

Endorphins stop the pain. They are the body’s natural painkillers. They helps us to keep on moving when we are hurt or when we need to escape.

“ Ways to increase endorphins :

(a) Exercise: Anaerobic exercise activates our bodies’ natural painkillers. Endorphins don’t really help us to feel good, but they do help us to feel less bad.

(b) Eat spicy food: Receptors on our tongues react to spice by sending signals to our brains similar to pain signals. This triggers the production of endorphins.”

2. Serotonin

Serotonin makes us more agreeable and sociable. If we don’t have enough of it, we can become irritable and depressed.

“ Ways to increase serotonin :

(a) Choose positive thoughts: When we choose to remember happy events in the past, or focus on what we’re grateful for in the present, our brains seem to produce more serotonin.

(b) Expose yourself to sunlight: When sunlight reaches our skin, we produce vitamin D which in turn helps produce serotonin.

(c) Exercise at low intensity: While endorphins are produced in anaerobic zones, serotonin results from aerobic exercise. Serotonin also lingers in our system after exercise.

(d) Consume tryptophan with carbohydrates: Foods like milk and corn contain tryptophan, which our bodies convert to serotonin. (High protein foods apparently don’t convert so well; neither do bananas – the serotonin in these cannot cross the blood-brain barrier.) Carbohydrates aid the conversion process so don’t skip these!”

3. Dopamine

Dopamine creates a pleasurable feeling. It is released when we try to achieve a goal. It helps us to act so that we can experience the pleasure of the reward.

“ Ways to increase dopamine :

(a) Set daily or monthly goals: Having specific, measurable and achievable goals give us something to strive towards, thus stimulating dopamine production.

(b) Exercise with an objective: Dopamine levels tend to rise together with serotonin when we exercise. Since dopamine is associated with goal achievement, setting a distance or time target will stimulate its production.”

4. Oxytocin

Oxytocin is known as the ‘love’ hormone and it is released on physical contact.

“ Ways to increase oxytocin :

(a) Have a massage: A massage increases our emotional well-being since the prolonged physical contact releases oxytocin in our system.

(b) Make physical contact: When you get a chance, hug your family and friends.

Have a look at this gif  to see how these chemicals make you feel.

If you are looking for more chemicals that make us happy read this

Why is your character happy? Include the source of the happiness to make the state of being even more believable.

B)  Body Language

In your body language,  signs of happiness  include:

• Crinkling nose and eyes
• Swinging arms
• Bouncy steps
• Quicker pace
• Looking into the distance

C)  How Happy Is Your Character?

Is your character

• Purposeful?

Take a look at the three different types of happiness and decide:

• Pleasure:   Pleasure is important to people even though its benefits do not last for long. For example, a delicious meal produces endorphins that create happy moments.
• Passion:   Having a passion for something is a wonderful source of happiness. It could be a hobby or a cause or a sport. It could be reading or collecting books. Passions make us content and give us a sense of achievement and belonging.
• Purpose:   If you feel you are part of something and that your actions matter, you can achieve a deep sense of fulfilment and long-term happiness. If you think we are making a difference, you have a chance at being truly happy.

Use these types of happiness when you write about your characters.

[TOP TIP: Use our Character Creation Kit to help you create great characters for your stories.]

D)   Ways To Create Conflict With Happiness

The ways your characters respond to happiness is a good way to create conflict in your stories. Use these responses to create three-dimensional characters in your book.

• You can use a happy character as a foil to show up what is missing in your characters’ lives.
• Set your characters up. Show a time when they were happy – and then show what they miss when the source of that happiness is taken away.

Use these at different times to show different aspects of your character. Use them when they suit your plot.

E)  The Importance Of Happiness In Plotting

• You can create a happy situation to end a storyline.
• You can create a happy situation to start a storyline
• Happiness, or the pursuit of it, is a great sub-plot, especially if a romantic interest is involved.
• You can show a side of your character that has never been seen before.
• Use happy characters as mentors or confidants who can give your characters advice.
• You can use it to show a character’s development. Attaining happiness or coming to terms with not being happy can be a sign of maturity.

Top Tip : Find out more about our workbooks and online courses in our shop .

© Amanda Patterson

If you liked this article ,  you may enjoy

• 7 Really Good Reasons To Write A Memoir
• 37 Ways To Write About Anger
• Why You Need A Premise In Fiction
• 7 Ways To Create Suspense In Your Memoir
• Body Language , Creating Characters , Description , Show Don't Tell , Writing Tips from Amanda Patterson

© Writers Write 2022

How to Describe Happiness: Conveying Joy in Words

Describing happiness can sometimes be as elusive as the emotion itself. Happiness, often defined as the experience of joy, contentment, or a sense that one’s life is fulfilling and worthwhile, is a complex emotional state. It is characterized by positive emotions and life satisfaction. When you try to capture the essence of happiness in words, whether for writing, expressing gratitude, or articulating personal feelings , it can be challenging to find the right expressions to match the intensity and depth of this feeling.

Table of Contents

To communicate happiness effectively, it’s essential to be specific and consider the various aspects that make up this positive emotion. The use of vivid imagery and sensory details can convey the nuances of joy, from the euphoria of a celebratory moment to the quiet satisfaction of a peaceful day. There is an abundance of phrases that go beyond the typical smiles and laughter, which can illustrate happiness in a more precise and meaningful way. For instance, learning how to express happiness can significantly enhance your creative endeavors.

Furthermore, understanding how to define happiness can influence your depiction of this emotion. Varying factors such as life events, personal achievements, and even day-to-day interactions contribute to one’s overall sense of happiness. As you reflect on and describe these experiences, remember that happiness is not only about the outward expressions but also about the internal state of well-being and contentment.

The Science & Definition of Happiness

When you explore the science of happiness, you’re delving into a field that intersects psychology, neuroscience, and even genetics. It seeks to understand how joy, emotions, and a sense of psychological well-being contribute to a fulfilled life.

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Defining Happiness

Happiness is often considered a cognitive component involving the experience of joy and positive emotions . Researchers in the realm of psychology have identified it as not just the presence of pleasurable sensations but also overall subjective well-being . According to Psychology Today , happiness encompasses the capacity to appreciate all emotions, including the less pleasant ones, as part of the larger tapestry of your lived experience.

Positive Psychology Research

The field of positive psychology rigorously investigates what constitutes psychological well-being . Studies have repeatedly shown that positive emotions like pleasure, gratitude , and hope are essential to thriving. The Positive Psychology Program outlines various activities and mental practices that can enhance these emotions and thus, boost your happiness levels .

Role of Genetics in Happiness

Happiness also has a biological underpinning influenced by genetics . Research suggests there’s a genetic component that affects how the brain processes emotions and experiences joy. However, it’s not entirely predetermined; genetic predispositions interact with your environment and experiences. The Greater Good Science Center emphasizes that while your genetic makeup does play a role, your actions and attitudes hold significant sway over your overall happiness.

Elements to Describe Happiness

In your quest for happiness, understanding its elements can provide a roadmap. Happiness isn’t one-size-fits-all; it’s a complex blend of the emotional, cognitive, and physical.

Emotional Aspects of Happiness

Your emotional state is a core component of happiness, often equated with feelings of joy and optimism . Pleasure (hedonia) and emotional well-being are interrelated, with your ability to experience and cultivate gratitude and mindfulness playing a significant role in mitigating negative emotions and amplifying positive ones.

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Cognitive Evaluations of Life

How you think about your life matters greatly for your happiness. Your satisfaction with life involves a comprehensive assessment of how your reality measures up to your expectations. When you perceive your life as meaningful , it contributes to a deeper sense of fulfillment beyond transient pleasures.

Physical Contributors to Happiness

Your physical health is intrinsically linked to your sense of happiness. Regular exercise and a balanced diet can improve your mood and reduce experiences of pain , enhancing your overall health . Incorporating practices that support physical well-being , such as adequate sleep and stress management, can further promote happiness.

Influences on Happiness

Your happiness can be influenced by a variety of factors, ranging from the quality of your social connections to your financial stability and personal ambitions. Understanding these influences can help you navigate the path to a more fulfilling life .

Social and Relational Factors

The relationships you cultivate, including friendships and romantic relationships , are foundational to your emotional well-being. Having a strong support network can provide a sense of community and trust , which are crucial for your social support system. A sense of belonging and connectedness with others leads to higher life satisfaction .

• Trust and Support : Essential in fostering strong social relationships .
• Community Involvement : Active participation can enhance your sense of connection .

Economic and Material Impact

Your financial circumstances, including income , wealth , and possession of material goods , can affect your contentment and overall life satisfaction . However, beyond a certain threshold, money and status don’t necessarily lead to more happiness. Instead, it’s how you perceive and use your resources that contributes to your sense of well-being.

• Income and Wealth : Increases in income can impact your happiness up to a point where your basic needs are comfortably met.
• Possessions and Status : The ownership of possessions and a higher social status might bring short-term joy, but not necessarily long-term happiness.

Personal Development and Goals

Pursuing meaningful goals and engaging in activities that align with your values promote a sense of purpose . Actively striving towards personal achievement and growth leads not just to more experiences but also to greater contentment . Kindness to oneself and others can be a powerful practice that boosts your own happiness.

• Goals and Achievements : Setting and reaching personal goals are linked with higher levels of happiness.
• Alignment with Values : Actions and goals that reflect your personal values can enhance your sense of authenticity and satisfaction.

Cultivating Happiness

Cultivating happiness involves proactive efforts to enhance your subjective well-being and psychological health. By engaging in certain practices, making life-affirming choices, and shaping your mindset, you can foster a sense of joy and fulfillment in your life.

Practices for Enhancing Well-Being

Gratitude : Incorporating simple acts like keeping a gratitude journal can significantly elevate your sense of well-being. Starting or ending your day by noting three things you’re grateful for can cultivate a positive mindset.

Connection and Compassion : Building meaningful relationships and practicing compassion contribute to happiness. Engaging with family and friends, and extending kindness not only impacts others but also enhances your own emotional state .

Engagement and Achievement : Seek out activities that draw upon your passions and skills, leading to a state of flow. Whether creating art, playing music, or working on a challenging project, these activities yield a sense of engagement and accomplishment .

Lifestyle Choices and Habits

Exercise and Nature : Regular physical activity and spending time outdoors improve both mental and physical health . Aim for activities that bring enjoyment and vitality, whether it’s yoga, hiking, or gardening.

Sleep and Self-care : Prioritizing adequate sleep and self-care is essential for resilience and energy. Establish a routine that includes 7-9 hours of sleep and moments of relaxation to support your overall well-being.

Cultural and Personal Practices : Embrace customs and practices that resonate with your values and culture . Whether it’s community service, artistic expression, or pursuing lifelong learning, these can add depth to your experiences.

Mindset and Perception

Positive Psychology and Eudaimonia : Embrace the principles of positive psychology, which focus on strengths and virtues to foster happiness. Strive for Aristotle’s concept of eudaimonia , a rich life characterized by the pursuit of meaning and virtue.

Subjective Well-Being and Satisfaction : Recognize that your happiness is subjective and can be shaped through perception. Celebrate small victories and savor moments of satisfaction from personal and career success .

A Mindful Approach : Avoid harsh self-judgment by adopting a compassionate and non-critical viewpoint towards yourself and your experiences. Mindfulness practices can help you remain present and deeply connected to life’s rich emotional tapestry .

Applications and Manifestations of Happiness

Happiness influences many aspects of life, from personal endeavors to broader social dynamics. This section details how happiness affects individual life domains and societal interactions.

Effects on Individual Life Domains

Your personal experiences of happiness can profoundly impact connectedness and trust within your relationships. Experiencing a range of positive feelings , such as joy from the sun on a warm day or safety in comfortable surroundings, contributes to your overall well-being. A deep connection with nature can enhance positive affect , linking to your values and reducing negative emotions . Acting with compassion and kindness can create rewarding life events that reinforce a pleasant life and support the pursuit of a good life . When you engage in activities that produce flow , you lose track of time due to complete immersion in the task, contributing to your happiness.

• Connectedness : Improved through shared positive experiences.
• Trust : Strengthened by consistent acts of kindness.

Influence on Society and Community

On a societal level, your happiness can ripple out to influence community vitality. Communities characterized by members who exhibit high levels of kindness, trust, and positive interaction often report a greater sense of compassion and cooperation. When individuals prioritize positive values and contribute to common welfare, the whole community benefits. This collective well-being is characterized by positive affect , which can be seen in community-supported initiatives and collective responses to adverse life events . A society that promotes safety and positive feelings fosters a pleasant life among its members.

• Community Cohesion : Bolstered by shared positive emotions and values.
• Safety and Well-Being : Promoted by a society that values the happiness of its members.

Frequently Asked Questions

In exploring happiness, it’s important to articulate this feeling in various forms of expression. The right words can illuminate the nuances of joy, and the English language offers a rich palette for this purpose.

What words or phrases best capture the essence of happiness?

Words like “joy,” “contentment,” and “bliss” directly convey happiness, while phrases such as “over the moon” or “on cloud nine” evoke vivid imagery of elation. The expression “ bursting with happiness ” suggests an overflowing, abundant joy.

How can one describe happy emotions in a narrative?

In a narrative, happy emotions can be shown through the actions and expressions of characters – a wide smile, a spring in their step, or laughter that rings through the air. Use descriptive language that shows the effects of happiness on the character’s physical state and interactions.

In what ways can happiness be illustrated through poetry?

Poetry can use metaphors and similes to illustrate happiness. For example, happiness might be likened to the “warmth of the sun’s embrace” or described as “a dance of light across a meadow”. Poetry allows for an abstract and creative depiction of joy.

How do you encapsulate the feeling of happiness in a single word?

A single word like “euphoria” can powerfully encapsulate the peak of happiness. Other suitable choices might be “serenity” for a calm, gentle happiness, or “exhilaration” for an intense, energized joy. Choose a word that resonates with the intensity and nature of the happiness you’re trying to convey.

In Conclusion – Final Last Words

When you aim to convey the essence of happiness in your writing, consider incorporating a variety of expressions that resonate with the experience of joy. Words have power , and choosing the right ones can vividly portray different shades of happiness. For instance, describing someone as “radiant with joy” creates a strong image of a person whose happiness is almost tangible.

• Smiling eyes: Happiness often reflects in the eyes; they might sparkle or brighten.
• Uplifted Spirits: Use metaphors like “light-hearted” or “buoyant” to depict emotional elevation.
• Physical Responses: Mention the outward signs like “laughing uncontrollably” or “dancing with delight.”

In your narratives or descriptions, it’s effective to show rather than tell . Describe actions and reactions that naturally exhibit happiness: the warmth of a genuine smile or the infectious nature of a laugh. Remember that happiness is also an internal state, so illustrating internal monologues can provide depth to your descriptions.

Phrases to Describe Happiness :

Use these tips and expressions that effectively capture the complexity and joy of happy moments. 

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Describing a Smile in Writing: A Guide with Creative Examples

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Describing a smile in writing can be a challenging task for any writer. It requires a certain level of creativity and attention to detail to accurately convey the emotions and feelings behind a smile. Whether it’s a shy smile, a mischievous grin, or a warm and welcoming smile, each one tells a unique story.

To help writers master the art of describing a smile, this guide provides 700 creative examples that can be used as a reference. From the subtle nuances of a half-smile to the infectious joy of a full-blown laugh, this guide covers it all. It also includes tips and tricks for using descriptive language effectively to bring a smile to life on the page.

Whether you’re a seasoned writer or just starting, this guide is a valuable resource for anyone looking to improve their writing skills. Describing a smile may seem like a small detail, but it can make a big impact on the overall tone and mood of a piece of writing. With this guide, writers can confidently capture the essence of a smile and bring their characters to life.

The Anatomy of a Smile

A smile is one of the most powerful and universal expressions of emotion. It can convey a range of emotions, from joy and happiness to amusement and contentment. Understanding the anatomy of a smile can help writers accurately describe this expression in their writing .

Facial Muscles and Expressions

A smile is created by the movement of several facial muscles, including the zygomaticus major, orbicularis oculi, and levator labii superioris. These muscles work together to pull the lips upward and outward, exposing the teeth and creating a pleasant expression.

In addition to the movement of the facial muscles, a smile is also characterized by the expression in the eyes. A genuine smile will cause the muscles around the eyes to contract, creating crow’s feet and a bright, warm expression.

Types of Smiles

There are many different types of smiles, each with its unique characteristics and meanings. Some common types of smiles include:

• The gentle smile: This is a soft, understated smile that conveys a sense of warmth and kindness. It is often accompanied by a slight upward tilt of the head.
• The broad smile: This is a wide, open smile that exposes the teeth and conveys a sense of happiness and joy. It is often accompanied by a boisterous laugh.
• The soft smile: This is a subtle, gentle smile that conveys a sense of contentment and peace. It is often accompanied by a relaxed posture and a soft, soothing voice.
• The radiant smile: This is a bright, glowing smile that conveys a sense of excitement and enthusiasm. It is often accompanied by a wide-eyed expression and animated gestures.

When describing a smile in writing , it is important to consider the type of smile being expressed and the emotions it conveys. By paying attention to the movement of the facial muscles and the expression in the eyes, writers can accurately capture the essence of a smile and bring their characters to life.

Emotions Behind Smiles

Smiling is a universal expression of joy, happiness, and contentment. However, a smile can also convey a range of other emotions that may not be immediately apparent. Understanding the emotions behind a smile can help you better interpret the feelings of the person you are interacting with.

Joy and Happiness

A smile that is accompanied by sparkling eyes, raised cheeks, and a relaxed mouth is a clear indication of joy and happiness. This type of smile is often seen in social situations where people are enjoying themselves or in response to good news. The emotions behind this type of smile are positive and uplifting, and they can be contagious.

Nervousness and Fear

A smile that is forced or strained can indicate nervousness or fear. In this type of smile, the mouth is closed or only slightly open, and the eyes may not be engaged. This type of smile is often seen in social situations where people are uncomfortable or in response to a stressful situation. The emotions behind this type of smile are negative and can be a sign of discomfort or unease.

Sorrow and Regret

A smile that is sad or regretful is often accompanied by downcast eyes and a downturned mouth. This type of smile can indicate feelings of sadness, regret, or disappointment. This type of smile is often seen in social situations where people are trying to mask their true feelings or in response to a negative situation. The emotions behind this type of smile are negative and can be a sign of sadness or regret.

Understanding the emotions behind a smile can help you better connect with the person you are interacting with. By paying attention to the subtle cues of a smile, you can gain insight into a person’s emotional state and respond accordingly.

Describing Smiles in Literature

When it comes to describing a smile in literature, writers have a plethora of options to choose from. Whether it’s a subtle smirk or a wide grin, the right words can paint a vivid picture in the reader’s mind. In this section, we’ll explore two techniques that can be used to describe a smile in writing : similes and metaphors, and creating context with descriptions.

Using Similes and Metaphors

Similes and metaphors are often used to describe a smile in literature. A simile is a comparison between two things using “like” or “as,” while a metaphor is a direct comparison between two things. Here are a few examples of similes and metaphors that can be used to describe a smile:

• Her smile was like a ray of sunshine on a cloudy day.
• His smile was as warm as a summer breeze.
• The smile on her face was a bright beacon in the darkness.
• His smile was a mask that hid his true emotions.

By using similes and metaphors, writers can create a powerful image in the reader’s mind, making the description of a smile more engaging and memorable.

Creating Context with Descriptions

Another way to describe a smile in literature is by creating context with descriptions. This involves using other descriptive words to paint a picture of the situation and the character’s emotions. Here are a few examples:

• She smiled nervously, her lips trembling slightly.
• He smiled confidently, his eyes sparkling with amusement.
• A small smile played at the corners of her mouth, betraying her true feelings.

By providing context with descriptions, writers can create a more nuanced and realistic portrayal of a smile, making it feel more authentic and relatable.

Overall, the key to describing a smile in literature is to choose the right words and techniques that fit the character and the situation. Whether it’s through similes and metaphors or creating context with descriptions, a well-written smile can add depth and emotion to any story.

The Impact of a Smile

A smile can have a profound impact on both the person smiling and those around them. It can convey a wide range of emotions, from happiness and joy to kindness and understanding. In this section, we will explore the psychological and social effects of a smile.

Psychological Effects

A smile can have a powerful effect on a person’s mental and emotional state. Research has shown that smiling can help reduce stress and anxiety, increase feelings of happiness and well-being, and even improve cognitive function. This is because when we smile, our brains release endorphins, which are natural feel-good chemicals that help reduce pain and promote a sense of calm and relaxation.

Furthermore, a smile can help improve one’s self-esteem and confidence. When we smile, we feel more positive about ourselves and our abilities, which can help us tackle challenges with greater ease and confidence.

Social Interactions

A smile is also an important tool for social interactions. It can help build rapport and trust between people, and make others feel more comfortable and at ease. A genuine, infectious smile can help break down barriers and create a sense of connection and belonging.

On the other hand, a forced or fake smile can have the opposite effect. It can come across as insincere or disingenuous, and may even make others feel uncomfortable or uneasy.

A beautiful smile, whether gentle or wide, can leave a lasting impression on those who see it. It can convey warmth, kindness, and sincerity, and can help build strong and meaningful relationships.

In conclusion, a smile is a powerful tool that can have a significant impact on both the person smiling and those around them. Whether it’s a genuine, infectious smile or a forced, fake one, the effects of a smile can be felt both psychologically and socially.

Crafting Authentic Characters

Creating authentic characters is one of the most important aspects of writing. Without realistic characters, a story can fall flat and fail to engage readers. One way to develop authentic characters is through their smiles. A character’s smile can reveal a lot about their personality, emotions, and motivations.

Character Development through Smiles

A smile can be a powerful tool for character development. By describing a character’s smile, writers can reveal their inner thoughts and feelings. For example, a shy character may have a small, hesitant smile, while a confident character may have a wide, toothy grin.

Describing a character’s smile can also help readers connect with them on a deeper level. By showing their vulnerabilities and insecurities through their smile, readers can relate to them and empathize with their struggles.

Nonverbal Communication Cues

Smiling is just one example of nonverbal communication cues that can help develop authentic characters. Writers can also use body language, facial expressions, eyes, head, hands, voice, and tone to reveal a character’s personality and emotions.

For example, a character who is nervous may fidget with their hands or avoid eye contact, while a character who is angry may clench their fists and have a harsh tone of voice. By using these nonverbal cues, writers can create realistic and relatable characters that readers can connect with.

In conclusion, crafting authentic characters is vital for creating a compelling story. By using a character’s smile and other nonverbal communication cues, writers can develop characters that feel real and relatable to readers.

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In real life, scowls, smiles , and curled lips reflect underlying emotions. They should do the same in fiction or creative nonfiction.

• A protagonist in pain is unlikely to smile.
• A deceitful character probably won’t maintain eye contact with others.

This post will help you choose emotion beats that harmonize with context. In addition to facial expressions, the following list includes body language involving the face, head, and neck.

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Emotion Beats and Physical Manifestations Cheat Sheet

Each category heading is followed by several ways a character could show the mentioned emotion(s).

Agony, pain, suffering – prominent lines between the eyebrows – gaze directed downward – raised lips – raised cheeks – eyes squeezed shut – wrinkled nose – bared teeth – clenched jaw – grimacing – wincing – gritting teeth – massaging between one’s eyebrows – inside corners of eyebrows slanting upward

Anger, hostility – bulging eyes – dilated nostrils – clenched jaw – red face – icy stare – curled lip – rigid cords in neck – glaring – frowning or scowling – baring one’s teeth – grinding teeth – staring somebody down – pressing one’s lips firmly together – vein(s) pulsing in neck or temple

Anguish – skin bunching around the eyes – clenched jaw – pinched lips – sallow features – facial tics – visible cord(s) in neck – tensing one’s facial muscles – wincing – grinding teeth – hyperventilating and then blowing into a paper bag

Apathy, boredom, disinterest, indifference – blank stare – glazed eyes – minimal eye contact – yawning – closing or half-closing one’s eyes – propping one’s head in hands – picking one’s nose – focusing on anything or anyone except where attention should be focused (e.g., fingernails, watch, clothing, etc.)

Cautiousness, wariness – cocked head – narrowed eyes – pursed lips – lowered eyebrows – lifting one’s chin – jutting one’s jaw – chewing on one’s lip – pressing one’s lips together – frowning – gritting one’s teeth – gazing in direction of perceived hazard – glances darting about rather than focusing on anything in particular

Compassion, sympathy – sad smile – direct eye contact – wide eyes – brows pulled together – moist eyes – tears – wiping one’s nose with a tissue – nodding while listening, one’s mouth half-open – monitoring the face of the object of sympathy

Conceit, egotism, narcissism, vanity – pronounced lip-pursing – thrust-out chin – nose in the air – flawless makeup – one raised eyebrow – tweezed eyebrows – signs of plastic surgery – downturned corners of the mouth – supercilious gaze through half-lidded eyes – immaculately trimmed beard and mustache

Concentration – wide eyes – dilated pupils – slight frown – staring with half-lidded eyes – nodding – pursing one’s lips – making eye contact when listening or conversing – pressing index finger to one’s cheek and propping chin on rest of clenched fingers

Confusion – wrinkled nose – cocked head – unfocused gaze – grimacing – excessive swallowing – scratching one’s face – rubbing one’s chin – touching the base of one’s neck – pursing one’s lips – cocking one’s head – narrowing one’s eyes – tugging on an earlobe – chewing on one’s lip – rapid blinking – squinting – pulling one’s brows together in a frown or scowl

Contempt, disgust – nose in the air – wrinkled nose – downturned lips – pinched mouth – mocking smile – flushing – sneering or snarling – curling one’s upper lip – squinting – frowning – rolling one’s  eyes – arching one eyebrow – sticking out one’s tongue – vein(s) pulsing in neck or temple

Curiosity – cocked head – raised eyebrows – quizzical smile – focused gaze – wrinkled nose – blinking – pushing up one’s glasses – partially opening one’s lips

Deceit, deception, dishonesty – shifty eyes – avoidance of eye contact – misleading attempt to maintain eye contact – sweating – excessive blinking – reddening of the ears – biting one’s fingernails – chewing the inside of one’s mouth – rubbing one’s nose – making inappropriate facial expressions for the circumstances

Depression – tears – inappropriate laughter – lack of eye contact – infrequent blinking – red or moist eyes – vacant stare – downturned lips – slack expression – dark circles under the eyes – head tilted downward

Disappointment, frustration – crinkled eyes – lowered head – half-hearted smile – lips pressed together – pronounced sigh – lack of eye contact – moist eyes – rigid expression – shaking one’s head – grinding one’s teeth – biting one’s nails – swallowing hard – gaping – frowning or scowling – wincing – chewing on one’s lip – pressing one’s lips together – exhaling noisily through pursed lips

Distraction, preoccupation – audible exhalations – facial tics – darting glances – pale face – forced laughter – lips pressed together – grinding one’s teeth – sighing – glancing askance (sideways) – chewing on one’s lips, nails, or a personal object

Embarrassment, shame – downturned head – downward gaze – red ears – chin held close to body – minimal eye contact – tense muscles around closed mouth – blushing or flushing – trembling chin – frowning – fluttering eyes – biting one’s lip – glancing away – sweating – grimacing – coughing – wincing – gritting one’s teeth – swallowing hard – hiding one’s eyes or face behind hands, hair, hat, etc.

Envy, jealousy – downturned mouth – jutting chin – bared teeth – flared nostrils – pouting – squinting – frequent swallowing – chewing on one’s bottom lip – flushing – glowering – pressing one’s lips together in firm line – gritting teeth – sneering – scrutinizing object of envy or jealousy

Excitement – flashing eyes – dilated pupils – broad grin – dimpled smile – trembling chin – laughing – frequent blinking – flushing – giggling – initiating and maintaining eye contact

Exhaustion, fatigue – dark circles under the eyes – red eyes – inability to keep one’s eyes open – pronounced lines in face – wan face – yawning – slapping one’s cheeks in an effort to stay awake – closing one’s eyes while standing, and almost falling over

Fear – brows raised and pulled together – eyes frozen open – pale, trembling features – facial tics – lack of eye contact – darting glances – beads of sweat on face – bulging eyes – moist eyes – shaky smile – open mouth – raised brows – rictus grin (involuntary fake smile) – rapid blinking – squinting – licking one’s lips – vein(s) pulsing in neck or temple – chewing on one’s hair, a pen, or another personal object

Flirtatiousness, seductiveness – fluttering eyelashes – coy smile – lopsided grin – slightly narrowed eyes – open mouth with tip of tongue showing – moistening one’s lips with tongue – head turned away or slightly downturned while one maintains eye contact

Happiness, enthusiasm – laughter – dimpled smile – broad smile – sparkling eyes – winking – humming or singing – whistling – a smile that reaches the eyes – relaxed brow free of frown lines – crow’s feet around outer corners of eyes

Hatred, hostility – sideways glances – tight-lipped smiles – flared nostrils – clenched jaw – bared teeth – tears – beads of sweat on face – flushing – grinding teeth – vein(s) pulsing in neck or temple – rigid cord(s) in neck – snarling – sneering – spitting – glowering at object of one’s hostility

Hesitation, indecision, uncertainty – lips turned down – lopsided grimace – wrinkled brow – shaky smile – repeated swallowing – chewing one’s lip – biting the inside of one’s cheek – squinting – frowning or scowling – tugging on one’s bottom lip – rubbing or stroking one’s jaw – shaking one’s head slightly – tugging at one’s earlobes or hair – scrutinizing others to determine their opinion

Insecurity – excessive makeup – tight-lipped smile – lowered eyebrows – puckered forehead – minimal eye contact – biting one’s nails – chewing on one’s lips – frowning or scowling

Insolence, rudeness, disrespect – thumbing one’s nose at someone – sticking out one’s tongue – snorting – curling one’s lip – rolling one’s eyes – openly picking one’s nose – laughing at someone – yawning while someone is talking – refusing to face the person who is speaking

Irritability, petulance, sulkiness – lips pressed together – pursed lips – fake smile – forced laughter – narrowed eyes – small flushed circles on cheeks – gritting one’s teeth – squinting – frowning or scowling – glaring at the object of irritation – biting the inside of one’s cheek

Nostalgia – unfocused gaze – touch of a smile – moist eyes – tears – cocked head – sparkling eyes – closed eyes

Pessimism – wrinkled nose – knitted brows – pursed lips – curled lip – staring – squinting – grinding one’s teeth – frowning or scowling – tilting one’s head and looking askance (sideways)

Pride [in oneself] – dimpled grin – face-wide smile – Cheshire cat grin [cliché] – gleaming eyes – half-lidded eyes – elevated chin – maintaining eye contact – thrusting one’s jaw forward – holding one’s head high or tilting it back

Pride [in someone else] – moist eyes – tilted head – dimpled grin – adoring gaze – glowing cheeks – broad smile – nods of encouragement – tears trickling down face

Relaxation – gentle smile – smooth forehead – creases beside the eyes – a smile that reaches the eyes – direct eye contact without staring but with minimal blinking

Remorse, regret – head down while one is talking – moist eyes – pale face – hollowed cheeks – runny nose – trembling chin – dark circles under the eyes – sobbing or crying – staring at one’s toes – holding one’s head in one’s hands

Resentfulness – pinched lips – narrowed eyes – lack of eye contact – twisted mouth – curled lip – bared teeth – frowning or scowling – pouting – shaking one’s head – orange-peel consistency appearing on skin of tightened chin

Sadism – curled lip – evil grin – clenched jaw – bared teeth – twisted scowl – horizontal wrinkles between eyebrows – lips stretched so tightly over teeth that they seem to disappear

Sadness, unhappiness – downturned head – red eyes – moist eyes – puffy face – runny makeup – splotchy complexion – trembling chin – empty stare – drawn-down corners of the mouth – pouting – squinting – rubbing one’s eyes – staring at floor – crying – wiping one’s nose with a tissue – wincing – covering one’s face with the hands – holding one’s head in one’s hands – staring at toes or floor

Secrecy, stealthiness – sly smile – faraway look – winking – biting one’s lip – avoiding eye contact – forcing one’s lips closed into a firm line

Shyness – minimal eye contact – closed mouth – biting one’s lip – glancing away – lowering one’s head – looking down – biting one’s nails – blushing – covering one’s mouth with a hand – playing with one’s hair or mustache

Surprise – raised and curved brows – wrinkles across the forehead – gaping jaw – wide eyes with the whites showing – blinking

Worry – tight-lipped smile – knitted brows – puckered forehead – moist eyes – minimal eye contact – dark circles under the eyes – biting one’s nails – chewing on one’s lip – rubbing an eyebrow – kneading one’s face – blinking

If you need additional beats, consult a body language dictionary . (As an Amazon Associate, I earn from qualifying purchases.)

Avoid Boilerplate Beats

Whenever possible, create original phrases rather than rely on generic beats. For example, a slight smile could be referred to as an almost smile , the ghost of a smile , or an enigmatic quirk of the lips .

If you’re stuck for a facial expression, try a YouTube search similar to the following: facial expressions __________ , where the blank specifies the expression you’d like to see. Then, fire up your creativity to show the emotion behind that expression.

Context Is Crucial

Many emotion beats can be caused by multiple emotions. Ensure that your context provides clear direction for readers.

Are You Interested in More Word Lists and Writing Tips?

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23 thoughts on “ 400+ Ways to Exploit Facial Expressions in Writing ”

Thank you so much for such a list, it has really helped me edit out many things out of my work.

Thanks for reading this, Zaza, and good luck with your editing!

Thanks so much for this list! I’ve been trying to figure out how to describe the uh-oh or oh dear face that people make where their bottom lip pulls down to one side. This is usually done in an effort to communicate with someone silently. There’s also the facial gesture, often accompanied by a shrug, that communicates indifference or an inability to answer a question. I’ve been using “he/she pulled up his/her bottom lip and shrugged his/her shoulders” for that one. Can you suggest anything else for either of those. I think your lopsided grimace might do it for the uh-oh/oh dear. Now for a little pet peeve I have. You are certainly not alone with this. It seems like everyone words these actions this way. To chew one’s lip is physically impossible. We chew with our molars, in the back of the mouth. We bite with our incisors, in the front of the mouth. So it should be bit at one’s lip/bite one’s lip. Chewing one’s cheek would be more correct than biting one’s cheek. Biting your cheek refers to the chomp you accidentally give your cheek when you’re eating. Again, this is not meant as criticism. Just something I’d like to see writers correct. If in doubt about this, try googling chew one’s lip. All the results come back as bite one’s lip. Anyway, thanks again for this resource. It’s helped me soooo much!

I’ve never heard of this one, Kris: “… the uh-oh or oh dear face that people make where their bottom lip pulls down to one side. This is usually done in an effort to communicate with someone silently.” Yes, the lopsided grimace would work, although I wouldn’t interpret it as trying to communicate with someone silently.

I would communicate indifference with a simple shrug — not of the shoulders. Shrug: to raise one’s shoulders slightly and momentarily to express doubt, ignorance, or indifference. The definition already includes shoulders.

What do you call it when you put a pen or pencil in your mouth and bite on it repeatedly with your teeth? Chewing on gnawing on it. What do you call the same action with a carrot or a finger? Chewing or gnawing on it. So what do you call it when you put your lip between your teeth and repeatedly bite on it? 🙂 Google defines chewing as a repeated biting or gnawing of something.

To “bite one’s lip” or to “bite one’s tongue” are idioms that mean to prevent oneself from saying something inappropriate for the situation.

I’m glad you stopped by, Kris. Good luck with your writing!

I really thank you & appreciate your kindness & generosity in sharing these facial expressions..I am just beginning to write…just retired, being a senior citizen..

Thanks again, Ester.

It’s help me a lot,thank you

I’m glad this helps you, Ashley.

Thank you very much. I am novice script writer and this helps tremendously.

My pleasure, Cudda. I’m glad this post helps you.

THANK YOU!! I am so tired of talking about brows furrowing, corners of mouths turning up, and eyes glistening with emotion 🙂

I’m glad I could help, Robin.

Thanks for all the adjectives and phrases! Will check out your books. Have some other such books that unfortunately have been redundant and unimaginative. I like your approach and method. Thanks!

Thanks, KC.

Good luck with your writing, and stay safe!

I’m leaving this comment for an upcoming blog post on the wrong way to share links. I need a URL, and I don’t want to focus on a comment left by someone else. I’ll edit this to include the link for the post once it’s online.

Thanks for your patience, folks! Exclamation point intended. 🙂

Edit to comment: You can read the blog post that references this comment here: https://kathysteinemann.com/Musings/link-share-mistake/

Thanks, Fran.

thanks helpful *flashing eyes* haha

You’re welcome.

This is so helpful. I’ve often thought, ‘how do I show that in writing.’ Thanks so much for sharing.

Thanks for dropping by, Tricia!

Hi Kathy, These lists must be very helpful for writers with little imagination – for some do write in a mundane way….The really ‘clever clogs’ (to be applauded) can, sometimes, also overwrite and tend to really milk their prose. It’s hard going to slog your way through 6/800 pages – however good they are when you’re a busy writer yourself.(As I did reading ‘The Goldfinch’ – an intelligent, worthy writer: brilliant but she doesn’t know when to stop…(I should be so lucky!) Thanks, Kathy.

Thanks for stopping by so often, Joy.

Yes, overmilked prose does make for a sluggish read. I’ve read popular authors who go on … and on … until I lose track of the storyline. But I’m amazed at the detail writers like Colleen McCullough include without making their books seem tedious.

How To Show Surprise In Writing (250+ Examples & Words)

As a writer, I’ve always found the element of surprise to be a thrilling yet challenging aspect to convey in my stories.

Through years of crafting narratives and experimenting with various techniques, I’ve gathered insights into effectively depicting surprise, making characters and scenes come alive with unpredictability and emotion.

Here is a summary of how to show surprise in writing:

Show surprise in writing by using dramatic irony, unreliable narrators, misdirection, foreshadowing, and vivid sensory details. Highlight sudden reactions, like widened eyes or gasps, and incorporate surprising dialogue phrases for authentic emotional expression.

Many writers still get tripped up (including me!), so keep reading to learn how to show surprise like a pro.

Types of Surprise to Show in Writing

Table of Contents

Surprise in writing isn’t one-size-fits-all.

It ranges from subtle realizations to earth-shattering revelations, influencing the story’s direction and the reader’s engagement. Understanding the different types can help tailor the element of surprise to fit the narrative’s tone and pace.

• Sudden Shock – A swift, intense moment that catches both character and reader off guard.
• Slow Revelation – A gradual unveiling of information that shifts perception.
• Twist Ending – A final turn that changes the story’s outcome or meaning.
• Character Revelation – A surprise related to a character’s true motives or identity.
• Unexpected Setting or Event – When a scene or event is out of the ordinary or anticipated context.
• Emotional Surprise – A deep, often personal, turn that affects the character’s emotional journey.

11 Best Narrative Tricks to Show Surprise in Writing

There are at least 11 great narrative “tricks” to show surprise and shock in writing.

If you’re looking for a massive list of surprise synonyms, scroll down to the last half of this guide.

1. Dramatic Irony

Dramatic irony is a powerful tool, creating a tension-filled gap between what the audience knows and what the characters are aware of.

This discrepancy sets the stage for surprise, manipulating expectations and delivering outcomes that resonate with emotional depth and narrative complexity.

• A character walks into a room, unaware of the danger that lurks, while the reader holds their breath, knowing the peril that awaits.
• In a moment of revelation, a protagonist discovers their closest ally has been the antagonist all along, a fact the reader was privy to chapters ago.
• A seemingly innocent object introduced early in the story becomes the key to unraveling the mystery, its significance a surprise to characters but not to the reader.
• The audience knows a character’s secret love, creating anticipation for the moment when other characters find out.
• A prophecy foretold comes true, but not in the way characters or readers expect, twisting the narrative in surprising directions.
• The hero’s journey is seen through the eyes of a bystander, their perspective revealing unexpected insights about the protagonist.
• A villain’s backstory is gradually revealed, aligning the reader’s sympathy with the antagonist, contrary to the protagonist’s knowledge.
• A major plot twist is hinted at through subtle clues, leading to a revelation that surprises characters but satisfies the reader.
• The outcome of a major event is known to the reader, heightening the suspense as characters approach their fate unaware.
• The true meaning behind a character’s actions is misunderstood by others in the story, creating a surprising twist when the truth is revealed.

2. Unreliable Narrator

Unreliable narrators offer a unique path to surprise, weaving a narrative where the truth is subjective, and reality is often in question.

Through their eyes, readers are led down a path filled with assumptions and beliefs, only to have the rug pulled out from under them as the true nature of events or characters is revealed.

• A narrator confesses halfway through the story that they have been omitting crucial details, reshaping the reader’s understanding of the plot.
• The realization dawns that the protagonist’s perception of a significant other is deeply flawed, revealing a different character than previously portrayed.
• A character believed to be virtuous is slowly unveiled through the narrator’s biased lens as deeply flawed or even villainous.
• Memories recounted by the narrator begin to show inconsistencies, leading to a revelation of their fragmented mental state.
• The narrator’s fear of an antagonist is eventually understood to be a misinterpretation of the situation, uncovering a surprise alliance.
• A story told through diary entries reveals towards the end that the protagonist was manipulating events for their benefit, surprising the reader with their cunning.
• Narration filled with lavish descriptions of wealth and success crumbles as the protagonist’s actual poverty-stricken state is revealed.
• The narrator, believed to be human throughout the story, is unveiled as an AI, redefining every event and interaction previously described.
• The reliability of the narrator’s judgment comes into question as evidence mounts against their version of events, leading to a trial that exposes the truth.
• A ghost narrating the story watches the living resolve the mystery of their death, only for it to be revealed that their understanding of their own death was wrong.

3. Misdirection

Misdirection plays on the reader’s expectations, leading them to believe one thing only to reveal a contrasting reality.

This technique is akin to a magician’s sleight of hand, where the focus is directed away from the twist until the opportune moment for the surprise reveal.

• A character’s journey seems to be leading towards finding a lost treasure, only to reveal the true treasure was their personal growth and relationships formed along the way.
• A villain’s plan appears to be centered on world domination, but their ultimate goal is revealed to be much more personal and sympathetic, surprising the reader with their depth.
• A series of clues point to a suspect in a mystery novel, building tension towards their capture, only to surprise the reader when the least expected character is unveiled as the culprit.
• An object given significant attention and presumed to be the key to solving the story’s conflict is later revealed to be a red herring, directing attention to a more mundane but impactful solution.
• The narrative builds towards an epic confrontation between the protagonist and antagonist, only for the climax to be a peaceful resolution that addresses the root of their conflict, surprising readers with its originality.
• A character believed to be dead is mourned and their loss shapes the narrative, only for them to reappear in a critical moment, turning the tide of the story.
• The story seems to be a romance between two main characters, but a twist reveals it’s actually a tale of self-love and independence, subverting traditional expectations.
• A prophecy is believed to be about the hero, guiding their actions and the plot, only for the surprise revelation that it pertains to a supporting character, reshaping the story’s direction.
• A detailed subplot is seemingly irrelevant to the main story, distracting the reader until its critical importance is unveiled in a surprising twist.
• The setting of a story appears to be historical, with detailed period accuracy, only to reveal in a surprising twist that it’s a post-apocalyptic future, reinterpreting the entire narrative.

4. Foreshadowing

Foreshadowing subtly hints at future events, planting seeds that bloom into surprising revelations.

This technique prepares the reader for what’s to come, yet when the moment of reveal occurs, it still strikes with the force of the unexpected.

The skillful application of foreshadowing creates a layered story where each piece fits into a larger puzzle.

• Early in the story, a character casually mentions a fear of water, which later becomes pivotal when they must save someone from drowning, revealing unexpected bravery.
• A seemingly innocuous conversation about legends and myths in the opening chapters foreshadows the protagonist’s discovery of their own supernatural heritage.
• The breaking of a family heirloom is initially seen as a minor event, but it later symbolizes the fracturing of family ties and the uncovering of hidden secrets.
• A dream sequence filled with symbolic imagery hints at the internal struggles and future growth of the main character, preparing the reader for their transformation.
• The repeated sighting of a mysterious figure in the background of several scenes sets up a surprise reveal of the character’s significance to the plot.
• An offhand joke about winning the lottery foreshadows a character’s sudden fortune, which dramatically alters the story’s course and their relationships.
• The early mention of a historic feud between families subtly lays the groundwork for understanding the deep-seated motivations behind the characters’ actions.
• A character’s hobby of collecting old keys foreshadows their role in unlocking the mystery central to the story’s conflict.
• The appearance of a specific bird species in key scenes foreshadows a crucial moment of freedom and decision for the protagonist.
• An unexplained cold spot in a house, mentioned casually, sets the stage for the later discovery of its significance to the haunting that drives the plot.

Through foreshadowing, writers weave a tapestry of hints and clues, creating a story that rewards attentive readers with surprises that feel both unexpected and inevitable, enriching the reading experience with depth and foresight.

5. Setting as a Character

Setting as a Character transforms the environment from a mere backdrop to an active, influential presence within the narrative.

This technique surprises readers by attributing to the setting dynamic qualities that affect the plot and character development in unforeseen ways.

The setting, with its unique personality and secrets, becomes a pivotal element of surprise.

• A haunted house’s shifting rooms and hidden corridors trap characters, revealing secrets and truths that force personal growth and plot advancements.
• An enchanted forest responds to the emotions of the characters, guiding or hindering them based on their intentions, unveiling unexpected paths and allies.
• A dystopian city’s oppressive architecture and surveillance systems play a crucial role in the protagonist’s realization of the extent of control and their fight for freedom.
• The unpredictable weather of a remote island serves as a metaphor for a character’s internal turmoil, with storms and calm guiding the narrative’s emotional tone.
• A spaceship with a sentient AI system subtly manipulates the crew’s actions, leading to a surprise revelation about the mission’s true purpose.
• An ancient library, filled with magical books, reveals secrets selectively, driving the quest for knowledge and the uncovering of a hidden threat.
• A small town’s peculiar traditions and unspoken rules become central to unraveling the mystery of a newcomer’s disappearance, surprising readers with its depth of influence.
• The ruins of a once-great civilization hold clues to a powerful artifact, with the setting itself posing challenges and offering rewards, guiding the adventure’s outcome.
• A bustling metropolis’s changing neighborhoods reflect the protagonist’s journey from obscurity to recognition, with the city’s heart revealing the key to their destiny.
• The shifting sands of a desert, hiding both dangers and treasures, mirror the characters’ search for truth in a landscape that reveals and conceals secrets at will.

6. Internal Conflict

Internal conflict delves into the character’s psyche, exploring the struggles between opposing desires, beliefs, or responsibilities.

This exploration can lead to surprising revelations about the character’s motivations and decisions.

Through internal conflict, characters are forced to confront their flaws and fears, often leading to unexpected moments of growth or change.

• A character torn between loyalty to their family and their ethical convictions wrestles with this dilemma until a crisis forces a surprising decision, revealing their true priorities.
• An ambitious professional struggles with the guilt of sacrificing personal relationships for career advancement, leading to a surprising epiphany about what success truly means to them.
• A hero’s fear of failure battles with the need to save their community, culminating in a surprising act of self-sacrifice that redefines their understanding of courage.
• A character’s internal debate over seeking revenge or forgiving an old nemesis takes a surprising turn when they discover the power of empathy and reconciliation.
• An individual’s conflict between maintaining their independence and accepting help becomes a pivotal point of growth, with the surprise realization that vulnerability can lead to strength.
• A protagonist wrestling with a secret identity must navigate the complexities of living a double life, leading to surprising revelations about their own values and desires.
• A character’s struggle with addiction and the desire for a clean start is portrayed with raw honesty, culminating in a surprising moment of clarity and commitment to change.
• The internal battle between a desire for adventure and the comfort of home leads to a surprising journey of self-discovery, challenging the character’s preconceived notions of fulfillment.
• A villain’s internal conflict over power and the longing for a connection surprises both the character and the reader when it leads to a change of heart, impacting the story’s resolution.
• The tension between adhering to tradition and pursuing a forbidden love story unfolds with surprising depth, exploring the character’s courage to defy expectations for true happiness.

7. Dialogue

Dialogue serves as a crucial vehicle for surprise in storytelling, offering a direct glimpse into characters’ thoughts, intentions, and personalities.

Skillfully crafted exchanges can pivot the plot in unexpected directions, reveal hidden truths, or expose underlying tensions.

• A heated argument between allies unexpectedly reveals a secret alliance with the enemy, shifting the story’s dynamics and challenging loyalties.
• A casual conversation about childhood memories subtly uncovers a character’s traumatic past, offering surprising insight into their current motivations and behaviors.
• A declaration of love in a moment of crisis surprises both characters involved and the reader, altering the course of the narrative and deepening the emotional investment.
• A villain’s monologue, intended to intimidate, inadvertently provides the clue the heroes need to thwart their plan, surprising with its unintended consequence.
• A misunderstood comment triggers a series of events that unravel a misunderstanding at the heart of the plot, leading to a surprising reconciliation.
• An exchange of witty banter during a tense situation reveals the depth of trust and camaraderie between characters, surprising with its warmth in adversity.
• A confession in a moment of vulnerability unveils a character’s hidden agenda, turning the tide of the story and surprising with its implications.
• A philosophical debate between characters about fate versus free will subtly foreshadows the story’s climax, surprising with its relevance to the final twist.
• A seemingly innocuous discussion about a legend or myth lays the groundwork for the story’s supernatural elements, surprising with its later significance.
• The revelation of a character’s true identity through dialogue in a climactic scene surprises by recontextualizing their actions and relationships throughout the story.

8. Non-Linear Storytelling

Non-linear storytelling breaks away from the traditional chronological narrative structure, offering a unique method to surprise and engage readers.

By presenting events out of order, this technique creates mystery, builds suspense, and allows for complex character development.

When key pieces of the story are revealed in unexpected sequences, readers experience the thrill of piecing together the puzzle, leading to surprising revelations about the plot and characters.

• A story begins at the end, with the protagonist reflecting on the events that led to the climax, and then unfolds in flashbacks, surprising readers with how the pieces fit together.
• An event that seems minor in an early chapter is revisited in a later section, revealing its critical importance to the plot in a surprising twist.
• The narrative alternates between past and present, with the past gradually uncovering the origin of a conflict that the characters in the present are struggling to resolve, leading to a surprising connection between the two timelines.
• A character’s backstory is interspersed throughout the narrative in non-chronological snippets, each revelation adding depth and surprising layers to their motivations and actions.
• The story is told from multiple perspectives, with each character’s account adding pieces to the puzzle, culminating in a surprising revelation of the truth.
• Key moments are repeated from different characters’ viewpoints, each repetition revealing new information and surprising insights into the event’s true nature.
• A narrative that loops back on itself, where the ending directly connects to and reinterprets the beginning, surprising readers with a deeper understanding of the story’s themes and characters.
• The use of diary entries, letters, or other documents to reveal critical plot points in a non-linear fashion, surprising readers with the timing and context of these revelations.
• A significant event is hinted at throughout the story, with its full details only revealed near the end, surprising readers with its impact and the motivations behind it.
• The story unfolds in reverse chronological order, with each chapter taking the reader further back in time, revealing the root of the conflict in a surprising and revealing manner.

9. Perspective Shifts

Perspective shifts involve changing the narrative viewpoint among characters or between first and third person, offering fresh angles and insights into the story.

This technique can surprise readers by revealing new dimensions of the plot and characters.

• A story primarily told from the hero’s viewpoint suddenly shifts to the antagonist’s perspective, revealing surprising reasons behind their actions and challenging readers’ sympathies.
• After several chapters of third-person narrative focusing on external actions, a first-person interlude dives into a character’s intimate thoughts, offering surprising depth to their motivations.
• A minor character, previously in the background, takes center stage in a chapter, revealing crucial information and surprising connections to the main plot.
• The narrative alternates between characters on opposite sides of a conflict, providing a balanced view that surprises with its complexity and nuances, leading to a deeper understanding of the story’s themes.
• A shift from a grounded, realistic perspective to one that incorporates elements of magic or supernatural, surprising readers with a genre blend that redefines the narrative’s possibilities.
• During a critical scene, the perspective shifts rapidly among all involved characters, offering a kaleidoscopic view that surprises with its emotional intensity and depth.
• A story begins with an omniscient narrator who knows all, but later chapters reveal the narrator is actually a character within the story, surprising with this meta twist.
• Perspective shifts to an inanimate object or an animal, providing a unique viewpoint on human events, surprising readers with its originality and insight.
• The protagonist’s perspective is dominant throughout the story until a climactic moment when the perspective shifts to a bystander, revealing surprising aspects of the event and protagonist.
• In a detective story, the perspective shifts from the investigator to the victim and then to the perpetrator, each shift revealing surprising layers of the mystery and character dynamics.

10. Sensory Details

Sensory details immerse readers in the story’s world, using descriptions that appeal to the senses, enhance the narrative’s realism, emotional impact.

This technique can surprise readers by vividly bringing scenes to life.

It creates a more immersive experience that allows for unexpected emotional connections and revelations.

• The crisp scent of autumn leaves during a pivotal conversation subtly foreshadows a character’s change, surprising readers with the depth of transformation.
• The harsh glare of neon lights in a tense chase scene amplifies the sense of danger, leading to a surprising escape that feels both desperate and exhilarating.
• The soft texture of an old book discovered in an attic reveals a family secret, surprising readers with its significance and the tactile connection to the past.
• The cacophony of a crowded market sets the stage for a surprising encounter, where the mingling scents and sounds heighten the unexpectedness of the moment.
• The bitter taste of a traditional dish evokes memories for a character, leading to a surprising revelation about their identity and heritage.
• The stifling heat of a summer’s day mirrors a character’s growing frustration, culminating in a surprising outburst that changes the course of the story.
• The sudden chill of a ghostly presence surprises not only the characters but also the reader, enhancing the supernatural element through a visceral sensory experience.
• The intricate patterns of a tapestry tell a forgotten legend, surprising readers with its narrative significance and the visual beauty of its storytelling.
• The rhythmic sound of waves against the shore accompanies a character’s moment of introspection, leading to a surprising decision that aligns with the story’s thematic currents.
• The fragrance of a specific flower permeating a scene brings a sudden rush of emotions, surprising readers with its connection to a character’s lost love and the poignant memories it evokes.

11. Symbolism

Symbolism infuses objects, characters, or events with deeper meanings, offering layers of interpretation that can surprise and engage readers.

Through symbolic elements, writers can subtly convey themes, character development, and plot dynamics.

• A lone tree standing resilient in a barren landscape becomes a symbol of hope, surprising readers with its significance as the story unfolds and the characters find their strength.
• The repeated appearance of a broken clock not only signifies the passage of time but also foreshadows a surprising twist in the narrative concerning fate and free will.
• A character’s recurring dream of flying, initially seen as a desire for freedom, surprises by revealing deeper themes of escapism and the fear of facing reality.
• The transformation of a caterpillar into a butterfly parallels a character’s growth, surprising readers with its symbolic representation of change and renewal.
• An abandoned house, feared by locals, symbolizes the community’s unresolved issues, with its eventual restoration surprising readers as a metaphor for reconciliation and healing.
• A necklace given by a mentor to the protagonist holds symbolic weight, its loss and later recovery surprising readers with its significance to the character’s journey and growth.
• The motif of water, flowing through the narrative, surprises by symbolizing life’s unpredictability and the characters’ navigation of emotional and literal currents.
• A mirror, appearing throughout the story, surprises by reflecting not just the characters’ physical appearances but their inner truths and transformations.
• The color red, used strategically in the narrative, surprises by symbolizing passion, danger, or sacrifice, depending on the context, adding depth to the story’s emotional landscape.
• The appearance of a raven, traditionally a harbinger of doom, surprises by ultimately symbolizing protection and guidance for the protagonist, subverting expectations.

Every film starts with a script, so check out this video about how to surprise your readers (audience):

How to Show a Surprised Face in Writing

Describing a surprised face in writing means capturing the physical and emotional reactions that accompany surprise.

The key is to convey not just the visual aspects but also the underlying feelings that cause those expressions.

To effectively illustrate surprise, focus on the sudden widening of the eyes, the raising of eyebrows, and the opening of the mouth.

These elements reflect the instinctual response to unexpected events or information.

Additionally, consider the character’s context and personality, as their unique expressions of surprise can add depth to the portrayal.

Descriptions might include the quick intake of breath, a hand flying to cover the mouth, or even a momentary loss of speech, all of which enhance the realism and relatability of the reaction. By integrating these details, writers can vividly bring characters to life and immerse readers in the moment of surprise.

50 Synonyms for Surprise in Writing

• Astonishment
• Bewilderment
• Stupefaction
• Dumbfoundedness
• Startlement
• Flabbergastation
• Incredulity
• Speechlessness
• Confoundment
• Disconcertment
• Consternation
• Thunderstruck
• Bamboozlement
• Bedazzlement
• Eyebrow-raising
• Shell-shock
• Unsettlement
• Knock for six

30 Best Phrases to Show Surprise in Writing

• “Her eyes widened in sheer astonishment.”
• “He gasped, taken aback by the revelation.”
• “A look of utter disbelief crossed her face.”
• “His jaw dropped in shock.”
• “She blinked, struggling to process the unexpected news.”
• “He was visibly staggered, his stance faltering.”
• “A wave of amazement washed over her.”
• “His eyebrows shot up, a clear sign of his surprise.”
• “She froze, the surprise etching itself onto her features.”
• “He let out an involuntary exclamation of wonder.”
• “A stunned silence fell upon her.”
• “He was flabbergasted, unable to speak.”
• “Her breath hitched in her throat, caught by surprise.”
• “A puzzled frown creased his forehead.”
• “She was gobsmacked, her mouth agape.”
• “His eyes sparkled with an unexpected joy.”
• “A sudden gasp escaped her, signaling her astonishment.”
• “He recoiled, as if struck by the surprise.”
• “She was momentarily lost for words.”
• “An incredulous chuckle bubbled up from his throat.”
• “Her hands flew to her mouth in shock.”
• “He stumbled backwards, overwhelmed by the surprise.”
• “A bewildered smile played upon her lips.”
• “His face lit up with realization and awe.”
• “She squinted, doubting her own eyes.”
• “A ripple of shock passed through him.”
• “Her voice trembled with surprised delight.”
• “He scrutinized the scene, disbelief clouding his features.”
• “She was spellbound, caught in the moment of surprise.”
• “A sudden jolt of excitement electrified him.”

50 Nonverbal Ways to Show Surprise

• Eyes briefly closing, then snapping open wider than before.
• A sudden step back, as if physically pushed by the surprise.
• Clutching at the heart or chest area with a hand.
• Rapid blinking, as though trying to clear away disbelief.
• Furrowing brows, then quickly smoothing out as realization dawns.
• A spontaneous leap or jump, akin to a physical jolt.
• Sudden cessation of movement, becoming statue-like.
• Mouth moves as if to speak, but no sound emerges.
• Quick scan of the surroundings, seeking confirmation of the surprise.
• A subtle shake of the head, as if to dispel confusion.
• Fingers twitching or fumbling with nearby objects unconsciously.
• Lips parting slightly, breath caught in anticipation or shock.
• A hand raised to the forehead, sliding down the face in astonishment.
• Swiftly turning away, then back again, as if unsure of the reaction.
• A noticeable swallow, throat moving visibly with the effort.
• The sudden grip of a hand on another’s arm for support.
• A playful punch to the arm in disbelief, then immediate apology.
• Hastily wiping away a tear brought on by the emotional impact.
• Quick, darting glances to others, seeking shared reactions.
• Abruptly sitting down, as if legs can no longer support.
• A finger pointed in surprise, then quickly retracted.
• Covering the mouth with both hands, eyes speaking volumes above.
• A spontaneous clap over the head, a classic “Eureka” gesture.
• Shuffling feet, betraying nervous energy or disbelief.
• A momentary tilt of the head, animal-like curiosity piqued.
• Hair being tugged or twirled in a moment of bewildered thought.
• An involuntary shiver or goosebumps, visible on bare skin.
• Hands clasping together in a silent prayer of thanks or disbelief.
• A quick patting down of clothing, a displacement activity in shock.
• Exhaling a puff of air, as if physically expelling surprise.
• Flashing a thumbs-up, a silent acknowledgment of the unexpected.
• A nervous bite of the lip, pondering the implications.
• Eyes squinting, then opening wide as if adjusting to a new light.
• A spontaneous, joyous skip or dance step, uncharacteristic glee shown.
• A hand hovering over the heart, a silent testament to emotional impact.
• Sudden cessation of speech, mouth open but silent in astonishment.
• A rapid tapping of the foot, an echo of internal turmoil or excitement.
• A sharp inhale, the sound sharp in a quiet room.
• Flicking a glance to a clock or watch, time forgotten in the moment.
• Running a hand through hair, a gesture of perplexity and awe.
• A gentle touch to a keepsake or locket, reminded of a deeper connection.
• Hands on hips, a stance of readiness for whatever comes next.
• A slight bow or nod, an acknowledgment of the unexpected honor or gift.
• Eyes tracing a familiar pattern or object, seeing it anew in surprise.
• An impulsive hug, physical contact seeking to share or confirm joy.
• A hand thrown up in defense, then relaxed as surprise turns to joy.
• A finger tracing lips, a tactile reminder to keep a secret just revealed.
• A light tap to the temple, acknowledging a clever or surprising thought.
• An exaggerated shuffling of papers or objects, a distraction from the shock.
• A playful roll of the eyes, acknowledging the surprise with humor.

50 Dialogue Ways to Show Surprise

• “You’re kidding! Seriously?”
• “This can’t be happening, right?”
• “Oh, wow! Did not see that coming.”
• “Are you for real right now?”
• “No way! That’s insane!”
• “You’re pulling my leg!”
• “Holy smokes, is this a joke?”
• “I’m floored. Completely.”
• “Is this for real? Pinch me.”
• “I… What? How?”
• “Shut the front door!”
• “Wait, back up. Say that again.”
• “I’m speechless. Utterly.”
• “This changes everything, doesn’t it?”
• “I don’t believe it. Prove it!”
• “You’ve got to be kidding me!”
• “Did I hear that right?”
• “I’m in shock. Total shock.”
• “Are we in a movie scene right now?”
• “Whoa, pump the brakes!”
• “This is beyond my wildest dreams!”
• “Did the universe just flip?”
• “That’s a bombshell if I ever heard one.”
• “I…wow, just wow.”
• “Are you seeing my jaw on the floor?”
• “This is a prank, right? Cameras?”
• “How is this even possible?”
• “I’ve stepped into an alternate reality.”
• “You just blew my mind.”
• “Never in a million years would I have guessed.”
• “Is this the part where I wake up?”
• “You’re telling me this now?”
• “Hold up, rewind. Start over.”
• “That’s the last thing I expected to hear today.”
• “Wait, are we serious here?”
• “I think my brain just did a backflip.”
• “This is some kind of magic trick, right?”
• “Out of all the possibilities, this was not on my list.”
• “I’m gonna need a moment to process this.”
• “My whole world just got turned upside down.”
• “That’s the shock of the century.”
• “I feel like I’ve just been hit by lightning.”
• “Am I hearing you right, or is this a dream?”
• “You’ve just made my day—or ruined it, not sure yet.”
• “That’s it, I’ve seen everything now.”
• “This is the kind of surprise you never forget.”
• “I was not prepared for this. At all.”
• “I’m gonna need proof. Lots of proof.”
• “That revelation just gave me whiplash.”
• “My heart skipped a beat—or three.”

3 Full Examples of How to Show Surprise in Writing (In Different Genres)

Let’s look at three examples of how you can show surprise in writing.

We’ll go over examples in different types of stories so that you can see how it works across genres.

As she turned the corner, there he stood, under the glow of the streetlamp, a bouquet of roses in hand. Her heart skipped a beat, and for a moment, she forgot how to breathe.

“I thought you were in Paris,” she managed to whisper, her voice a mixture of joy and disbelief.

His smile widened, lighting up the dimly lit street even more. “I took the first flight back,” he said, stepping closer. “I couldn’t wait another day to see you.”

Her eyes brimmed with tears, the surprise of his early return melting into a warmth that spread through her entire being.

Detective Larson stared at the photograph on the table, the pieces of the puzzle finally clicking into place.

“It can’t be,” he muttered under his breath, his eyes tracing over the image again and again, as if willing it to change. The person he had trusted, the one he had confided in, was the mastermind behind the entire operation. A chill ran down his spine as he realized the depth of the deception.

He had never seen it coming, and that realization stung more than the betrayal itself. The room seemed to spin around him as he grappled with the shock, the weight of his discovery anchoring him to the spot.

In the heart of the enchanted forest, Elara reached for the ancient tome, her fingers trembling with anticipation. As she opened it, a burst of light emanated from the pages, illuminating her face with a soft, ethereal glow.

“By the gods,” she whispered, her eyes wide with awe.

The legends were true. The spell to bind the darkness was real. She had expected to find old tales, myths perhaps, but not this… not the hope of salvation for her besieged kingdom. The magic swirled around her, its energy crackling in the air, a tangible sign of the power now at her fingertips. Elara felt a surge of exhilaration, mixed with a profound sense of responsibility.

The fate of her people rested in her hands, a surprise burden she was now determined to bear.

Final Thoughts: How to Show Surprise in Writing

As we conclude, it’s evident that mastering this element can turn good stories into unforgettable ones.

Let the examples and techniques discussed serve as your toolkit, empowering you to craft narratives that surprise, delight, and engage readers in ways they never saw coming.

Read This Next:

• How to Show Happiness in Writing (100+ Ways & Examples)
• How To Describe a Jump Scare in Writing [20 Tips + Examples]
• How Can You Show Transparency in Your Writing? (11 Top Ways)
• How To Describe Guilt In Writing [17 Best Tips + Examples]
• How to Describe Nervousness in Writing (23 Tips + Examples)

National Institutes of Health (NIH) — Research on the Emotion of Surprise

Describing Sadness in Creative Writing: 33 Ways to Capture the Blues

By: Author Paul Jenkins

Posted on August 25, 2023

Categories Creative Writing , Writing

Describing sadness in creative writing can be a challenging task for any writer.

Sadness is an emotion that can be felt in different ways, and it’s important to be able to convey it in a way that is authentic and relatable to readers. Whether you’re writing a novel, short story, or even a poem, the ability to describe sadness can make or break a story.

Understanding sadness in writing is essential to creating a believable character or scene. Sadness is a complex emotion that can be caused by a variety of factors, such as loss, disappointment, or loneliness. It’s important to consider the context in which the sadness is occurring, as this can influence the way it is expressed.

By exploring the emotional spectrum of characters and the physical manifestations of sadness, writers can create a more authentic portrayal of the emotion.

In this article, we will explore the different ways to describe sadness in creative writing. We will discuss the emotional spectrum of characters, the physical manifestations of sadness, and the language and dialogue used to express it. We’ll also look at expert views on emotion and provide unique examples of describing sadness.

By the end of this article, you’ll have a better understanding of how to authentically convey sadness in your writing.

Key Takeaways

• Understanding the emotional spectrum of characters is essential to creating a believable portrayal of sadness.
• Physical manifestations of sadness can be used to convey the emotion in a more authentic way.
• Authenticity in describing sadness can be achieved through language and dialogue, as well as expert views on emotion.

33 Ways to Express Sadness in Creative Writing

Let’s start with some concrete examples of sadness metaphors and similes:

Here are 33 ways to express sadness in creative writing:

• A heavy sigh escaped her lips as a tear rolled down her cheek.
• His eyes glistened with unleashed tears that he quickly blinked away.
• Her heart felt like it was being squeezed by a cold, metal fist.
• A profound emptiness opened up inside him, threatening to swallow him whole.
• An avalanche of sorrow crashed over her without warning.
• His spirit sank like a stone in water.
• A dark cloud of grief descended on her.
• Waves of sadness washed over him, pulling him under.
• She felt like she was drowning in an ocean of melancholy.
• His eyes darkened with sadness like a gathering storm.
• Grief enveloped her like a wet blanket, heavy and smothering.
• The light in his eyes dimmed to a flicker behind tears.
• Sadness seeped through her veins like icy slush.
• The corners of his mouth drooped like a wilting flower.
• Her breath came in short, ragged gasps between sobs.
• A profound melancholy oozed from his pores.
• The weight of despair crushed her like a vice.
• A haunted, hollow look glazed over his eyes.
• An invisible hand squeezed her heart, wringing out all joy.
• His soul curdled like spoiled milk.
• A silent scream lodged in her throat.
• He was consumed by a fathomless gloom.
• Sorrow pulsed through her veins with every beat of her heart.
• Grief blanketed him like new-fallen snow, numbing and icy.
• Tears stung her eyes like shards of glass.
• A cold, dark abyss of sadness swallowed him.
• Melancholy seeped from her like rain from a leaky roof.
• His spirit shriveled and sank like a deflating balloon.
• A sick, hollow ache blossomed inside her.
• Rivulets of anguish trickled down his cheeks.
• Sadness smothered her like a poisonous fog.
• Gloom settled on his shoulders like a black shroud.
• Her sorrow poured out in a river of tears.

Understanding Sadness in Writing

Describing sadness in writing can be a challenging task.

Sadness is a complex emotion that can manifest in different ways. It can be expressed through tears, sighs, silence, or even a simple change in posture. As a writer, you need to be able to convey sadness effectively to your readers, while also avoiding cliches and melodrama.

One way to approach describing sadness is to focus on the physical sensations and reactions that accompany it. For example, you might describe the feeling of a lump in your throat, or the tightness in your chest. You could also describe the way your eyes become watery, or the way your hands tremble.

These physical descriptions can help your readers to empathize with your characters and feel the same emotions.

Another important aspect of describing sadness is the tone of your writing. You want to strike a balance between conveying the depth of the emotion and avoiding excessive sentimentality.

One way to achieve this is to use simple, direct language that conveys the emotion without resorting to flowery language or overwrought metaphors.

When describing sadness, it’s also important to consider the context in which it occurs. Sadness can be a response to many different situations, such as loss, disappointment, or rejection. It can also be accompanied by other emotions, such as anger, confusion, or melancholy.

By considering the context and accompanying emotions, you can create a more nuanced and realistic portrayal of sadness in your writing.

Finally, it can be helpful to draw on examples of how other writers have successfully described sadness. By studying the techniques and descriptions used by other writers, you can gain a better understanding of how to effectively convey sadness in your own writing.

In conclusion, describing sadness in writing requires a careful balance of physical descriptions, tone, context, and examples. By focusing on these elements, you can create a more nuanced and effective portrayal of this complex emotion.

Emotional Spectrum in Characters

In creative writing, it’s important to create characters that are multi-dimensional and have a wide range of emotions. When it comes to describing sadness, it’s essential to understand the emotional spectrum of characters and how they respond to different situations.

Characters can experience a variety of emotions, including love, happiness, surprise, anger, fear, nervousness, and more.

Each character has a unique personality that influences their emotional responses. For example, a protagonist might respond to sadness with a broken heart, dismay, or feeling desolate.

On the other hand, a character might respond with anger, contempt, or apathy.

When describing sadness, it’s important to consider the emotional response of the character. For example, a haunted character might respond to sadness with exhaustion or a sense of being drained. A crestfallen character might respond with a sense of defeat or disappointment.

It’s also important to consider how sadness affects the character’s personality. Some characters might become withdrawn or depressed, while others might become more emotional or volatile. When describing sadness, it’s important to show how it affects the character’s behavior and interactions with others.

Overall, the emotional spectrum of characters is an important aspect of creative writing. By understanding how characters respond to different emotions, you can create more realistic and relatable characters. When describing sadness, it’s important to consider the character’s emotional response, personality, and behavior.

Physical Manifestations of Sadness

When you’re feeling sad, it’s not just an emotion that you experience mentally. It can also manifest physically. Here are some physical manifestations of sadness that you can use in your creative writing to make your characters more believable.

Tears are one of the most common physical manifestations of sadness. When you’re feeling sad, your eyes may start to water, and tears may fall down your cheeks. Tears can be used to show that a character is feeling overwhelmed with emotion.

Crying is another physical manifestation of sadness. When you’re feeling sad, you may cry. Crying can be used to show that a character is feeling deeply hurt or upset.

Numbness is a physical sensation that can accompany sadness. When you’re feeling sad, you may feel emotionally numb. This can be used to show that a character is feeling disconnected from their emotions.

Facial Expressions

Facial expressions can also be used to show sadness. When you’re feeling sad, your face may droop, and your eyes may look downcast. This can be used to show that a character is feeling down or depressed.

Gestures can also be used to show sadness. When you’re feeling sad, you may slump your shoulders or hang your head. This can be used to show that a character is feeling defeated or hopeless.

Body Language

Body language can also be used to show sadness. When you’re feeling sad, you may cross your arms or hunch over. This can be used to show that a character is feeling closed off or defensive.

Cold and Heat

Sadness can also affect your body temperature. When you’re feeling sad, you may feel cold or hot. This can be used to show that a character is feeling uncomfortable or out of place.

Sobbing is another physical manifestation of sadness. When you’re feeling sad, you may sob uncontrollably. This can be used to show that a character is feeling overwhelmed with emotion.

Sweating is another physical manifestation of sadness. When you’re feeling sad, you may sweat profusely. This can be used to show that a character is feeling anxious or nervous.

By using these physical manifestations of sadness in your writing, you can make your characters more realistic and relatable. Remember to use them sparingly and only when they are relevant to the story.

Authenticity in Describing Sadness

When it comes to describing sadness in creative writing, authenticity is key. Readers can tell when an author is not being genuine, and it can make the story feel less impactful. In order to authentically describe sadness, it’s important to tap into your own emotions and experiences.

Think about a time when you felt truly sad. What did it feel like? What physical sensations did you experience? How did your thoughts and emotions change? By tapping into your own experiences, you can better convey the emotions of your characters.

It’s also important to remember that sadness can manifest in different ways for different people. Some people may cry, while others may become withdrawn or angry. By understanding the unique ways that sadness can present itself, you can create more authentic and realistic characters.

If you’re struggling to authentically describe sadness, consider talking to a loved one or best friend about their experiences. Hearing firsthand accounts can help you better understand the nuances of the emotion.

Ultimately, the key to authentically describing sadness is to approach it with empathy and understanding. By putting yourself in the shoes of your characters and readers, you can create a powerful and impactful story that resonates with your audience.

Language and Dialogue in Expressing Sadness

When writing about sadness, the language you use can make a big difference in how your readers will perceive the emotions of your characters.

Consider using metaphors and similes to create vivid images that will help your readers connect with the emotions of your characters.

For example, you might describe the sadness as a heavy weight on the character’s chest or a dark cloud hanging over their head.

In addition to using metaphors, you can also use adjectives to describe the character’s emotions. Be careful not to overuse adjectives, as this can detract from the impact of your writing. Instead, choose a few powerful adjectives that will help your readers understand the depth of the character’s sadness.

For example, you might describe the sadness as overwhelming, suffocating, or unbearable.

When it comes to dialogue, it’s important to remember that people don’t always express their emotions directly. In fact, sometimes what isn’t said is just as important as what is said.

Consider using subtext to convey the character’s sadness indirectly. For example, a character might say “I’m fine,” when in reality they are struggling with intense sadness.

Another way to use dialogue to convey sadness is through the use of behaviors. For example, a character might withdraw from social situations, stop eating or sleeping properly, or engage in self-destructive behaviors as a result of their sadness.

By showing these behaviors, you can help your readers understand the depth of the character’s emotions.

Finally, when describing sadness, it’s important to consider the overall mood of the scene. Use sensory details to create a somber atmosphere that will help your readers connect with the emotions of your characters.

For example, you might describe the rain falling heavily outside, the silence of an empty room, or the dim lighting of a funeral home.

Overall, when writing about sadness, it’s important to choose your words carefully and use a variety of techniques to convey the depth of your character’s emotions.

By using metaphors, adjectives, dialogue, behaviors, and sensory details, you can create a powerful and emotionally resonant story that will stay with your readers long after they’ve finished reading.

Expert Views on Emotion

When it comes to writing about emotions, it’s important to have a deep understanding of how they work and how they can be conveyed effectively through writing. Here are some expert views on emotion that can help you write about sadness in a more effective and engaging way.

Dr. Paul Ekman

Dr. Paul Ekman is a renowned psychologist who has spent decades studying emotions and their expressions. According to Dr. Ekman, there are six basic emotions that are universally recognized across cultures: happiness, sadness, anger, fear, surprise, and disgust.

When it comes to writing about sadness, Dr. Ekman suggests focusing on the physical sensations that accompany the emotion.

For example, you might describe the heaviness in your chest, the lump in your throat, or the tears that well up in your eyes. By focusing on these physical sensations, you can help your readers connect with the emotion on a deeper level.

While sadness is often seen as a “negative” emotion, it’s important to remember that all emotions have their place in creative writing. Disgust, for example, can be a powerful tool for conveying a character’s revulsion or aversion to something.

When writing about disgust, it’s important to be specific about what is causing the emotion. For example, you might describe the smell of rotting garbage, the sight of maggots wriggling in a pile of food, or the texture of slimy, raw meat.

By being specific, you can help your readers feel the full force of the emotion and understand why your character is feeling it.

Overall, when it comes to writing about emotions, it’s important to be both specific and authentic. By drawing on your own experiences and using concrete details to describe the physical sensations and causes of emotions, you can create a more engaging and emotionally resonant piece of writing.

Unique Examples of Describing Sadness

When it comes to describing sadness in creative writing, there are many unique ways to convey this emotion to your readers. Here are some examples that can help you create a powerful and moving scene:

• The crying scene : One of the most common ways to show sadness is through tears. However, instead of just saying “she cried,” try to describe the crying scene in detail. For instance, you could describe how her tears fell like raindrops on the floor, or how her sobs shook her body like a violent storm. This will help your readers visualize the scene and feel the character’s pain.
• The socks : Another way to show sadness is through symbolism. For example, you could describe how the character is wearing mismatched socks, which represents how her life is falling apart and nothing seems to fit together anymore. This can be a subtle yet effective way to convey sadness without being too obvious.
• John : If your character is named John, you can use his name to create a sense of melancholy. For example, you could describe how the raindrops fell on John’s shoulders, weighing him down like the burdens of his life. This can be a creative way to convey sadness while also adding depth to your character.

Remember, when describing sadness in creative writing, it’s important to be specific and use vivid language. This will help your readers connect with your character on a deeper level and feel their pain.

Frequently Asked Questions

What are some effective ways to describe a person’s sadness without using the word ‘sad’.

When describing sadness, it’s important to avoid using the word “sad” as it can come across as cliché and lackluster. Instead, try using more descriptive words that evoke a sense of sadness in the reader. For example, you could use words like “heartbroken,” “bereft,” “devastated,” “despondent,” or “forlorn.” These words help to create a more vivid and emotional description of sadness that readers can connect with.

How can you describe the physical manifestations of sadness on a person’s face?

When describing the physical manifestations of sadness on a person’s face, it’s important to pay attention to the small details. For example, you could describe the way their eyes become red and swollen from crying, or how their mouth trembles as they try to hold back tears. You could also describe the way their shoulders slump or how they withdraw into themselves. By focusing on these small but telling details, you can create a more realistic and relatable portrayal of sadness.

What are some examples of using metaphor and simile to convey sadness in creative writing?

Metaphors and similes can be powerful tools for conveying sadness in creative writing. For example, you could compare a person’s sadness to a heavy weight that they’re carrying on their shoulders, or to a storm cloud that follows them wherever they go. You could also use metaphors and similes to describe the way sadness feels, such as a “gnawing ache” in the pit of their stomach or a “cold, empty void” inside their chest.

How can you effectively convey the emotional weight of sadness through dialogue?

When writing dialogue for a character who is experiencing sadness, it’s important to focus on the emotions and feelings that they’re experiencing. Use short, simple sentences to convey the character’s sadness, and avoid using overly complex language or metaphors. You could also use pauses and silences to create a sense of emotional weight and tension in the scene.

What are some techniques for describing a character’s inner sadness in a way that is relatable to the reader?

One effective technique for describing a character’s inner sadness is to focus on their thoughts and feelings. Use introspection to delve into the character’s emotions and describe how they’re feeling in a way that is relatable to the reader. You could also use flashbacks or memories to show why the character is feeling sad, and how it’s affecting their current actions and decisions.

How can you use sensory language to create a vivid portrayal of sadness in a poem or story?

Sensory language is an effective way to create a vivid portrayal of sadness in a poem or story. Use descriptive words that evoke the senses, such as the smell of rain on a sad day or the sound of a distant train whistle. You could also use sensory language to describe the physical sensations of sadness, such as the weight of a heavy heart or the taste of tears on the tongue. By using sensory language, you can create a more immersive and emotional reading experience for your audience.

How to Describe Facial Expressions in Writing

When writing about facial expressions, most writers are content to keep it simple. Why put more effort into describing a character’s expression when “he frowned angrily” gets the point across? Well, since you made it to this article, you probably aren’t like other writers. You know that keeping things vague and simple or including overused adverbs to simplify descriptions can impact the flow of your story as a whole. You know that a little extra effort can go a long way. 

Every time you describe a character’s expression, you have an opportunity to reveal more about their personality, intentions, and complex emotions—so don’t take the easy way out! Expressions have so much potential to show a character’s true colors! However, it’s not always easy to know how to approach describing facial expressions. Understanding the characteristics of each expression is the first step towards knowing how to properly describe them in your own writing.

Describing Different Facial Expressions

Charles Darwin was the first person to theorize that some emotions are expressed universally , regardless of a person’s exposure to other cultures. The greater scientific community disagreed with this theory, including Dr. Paul Ekman. Ekman ran a social experiment in the late 20th century with the intention of proving Darwin wrong, but he accidentally ended up proving this theory to be correct. 

Now, we know that there are 7 universal emotions that every single culture in the world expresses in the same way. Emotions are expressed innately, and the faces people make when experiencing different emotions are based on natural instinct. 

The seven universal expressions are:

So what does this mean for you? When writing about emotions, it can be really tempting to simply say that the character is feeling angry or disgusted, because that’s easy to write. However, it feels so much more authentic to a reader if they can figure out how a character is feeling based on the descriptions you give about their facial features. Rather than being told how to feel, readers can pick up on the character’s emotions on their own. 

This is based on the technique “show, don’t tell.” If you want to learn more about that, check out Show, Don’t Tell: What it is and How to Write it .

Now let’s get into the specifics of each expression. 

Describing Anger

Describing an angry facial expression is fairly straightforward because it is such a strongly expressed emotion. Anger affects the entire face, so there are many options for writing about how the different features change. Here are some of the telltale signs of anger in a person’s expression:

• Their eyebrows would be lowered and pulled closer together
• Their eyelids would become squinted or raised (or their eyes may bulge if they are enraged)
• Their lips would tighten or curl inwards
• The corners of their mouth would point downwards
• Their Jaw would be tense and might jut forward slightly
• Vertical wrinkles may appear between their eyebrows
• Their nostrils may flare outwards

Anger is a powerful emotion, and it affects more than just the face. When someone gets angry, it usually triggers their body to produce adrenaline (the “fight-or-flight” hormone), which can come with a host of bodily side-effects that can give the anger away. These sides effects include things like:

• Increased heart rate
• Rapid breathing
• Flushed face
• Restless movements

There’s a lot more to anger than the expression. If you want more pointers for writing about anger, I have another article you might want to read: Writing a Character with Anger Issues . 

Describing Happiness

A smile is a great way of showing your readers more about the character, so don’t just leave it at “she smiled.” What does her smile look like? Is it warm, authentic, humorless, mocking, or cruel? Is the character amused, nervous, or happy? A smile can mean many things, and it can even foreshadow a character’s hidden traits. A cold smile can indicate a more sinister nature without you having to work very hard at making them seem that way. 

Here are some of the signs that a character is actually happy:

• Their eyes squint slightly
• Wrinkles appear at the corners of their eyes
• Their cheeks raise
• A defined wrinkle runs from the sides of their nose to the corners of their mouth, known as “smile lines”
• The corners of their mouth move up at a diagonal, widening their mouth
• Their mouth may part, exposing teeth 

Now, a character doesn’t have to have all of those elements in their expression if they are feeling good. For example: 

“His face relaxed, but I could still see the faint outline of wrinkles around his eyes—eyes which seemed to sparkle ever so slightly despite the dullness of the room. Even the corners of his mouth seemed to fight against his normally stoic expression, betraying how he really felt.” 

However, a smile is an expression that is commonly faked. If you want to show that a character is faking a smile, make sure their eyes don’t match the rest of the expression. True happiness is expressed with the eyes, so when a person smiles without showing it in their eyes, it comes across as cold and ingenuine. 

Describing Sadness 

Sadness is a difficult emotion to portray because it is often complex and confusing. Even the character experiencing the sadness might not understand exactly why they feel that way. With that said, there are a few universal signs of the expression, such as:

• Their eyebrows will lower and pulled closer together
• The inner corners of their eyebrows will be angled up
• The corners of their mouth will be drawn downwards
• Their lips may be either drawn in tightly or pouting outwards

Another familiar telltale sign of sadness is crying. There are so many ways to describe crying that I couldn’t possibly cover all of them here, but I’ll give you a few pieces of advice:

• Tears first pool in the eyes before they streak down a person’s cheeks.
• Tears distort vision, so if you’re writing in the first person, don’t forget that your character’s vision will be blurry. 
• Crying usually isn’t a pretty sight, so don’t be afraid to show that the character’s face is red or that their nose is running.

So, sadness is a complex emotion—but what does that really mean? Well, there are many different ways that sadness can be felt and expressed depending on the intensity of the emotion, and there many different things that can trigger a sad response in a character. When a character is truly heartbroken, their expression may change to be more numb: their mouth may hang open loosely, their eyes may remain closed, and the rest of their body may become limp and heavy. 

Complexity also means that sadness is often experienced in tandem with another emotion, such as anger, happiness, or disgust. I’ll get more into how to write complex expressions later though, so read on! 

Describing Fear

Fear is another difficult emotion, because there are many different degrees and types of fear a character can feel. In general, however, these are the guidelines you should follow for describing a fearful expression:

• Their eyebrows would be pulled up and together
• Their upper eyelids would be pulled up, and their lower eyelids would be tense and drawn up as well
• Their mouth would be stretched and drawn back, possibly exposing teeth

There are a few distinctions you need to remember: fear is not the same as nervousness or surprise. The expression for surprise looks different, and although nervousness is often a precursor to fear, they are not the same. If you want tips for writing about nervousness, check out my other article: How to Write a Nervous Character . 

You’ve probably noticed that the expressions for fear and anger share a lot of similarities, including the “fight-or-flight” response. However, the context of the situation is usually enough to tip the readers off to which emotion the character is feeling.

Another way to distinguish the two is with the character’s body language. If a character is angry, they are going to move deliberately and with confidence. They will take up space and command attention with the way they move. An angry person is usually on the offensive, while a fearful person is going to be defensive. A fearful person may try to make themself small to avoid drawing attention, or they may instinctively shrink away from whatever is frightening them. 

Describing Surprise

Surprise functions differently from the other universal emotions. Unlike all the others on the list, surprise is fleeting, and will typically be expressed in only a few seconds. That is most evident with jumpscares, like in haunted houses or video games (or if something suddenly traumatic happens in front of your character), but there are instances in which the expression can linger. Walking into a grand cathedral, being proposed to, or receiving horrible news are all situations in which a surprised expression may stay for longer than a few seconds. 

Here are the unmistakable characteristics of a surprised character:

• Their eyebrows would be raised
• Horizontal wrinkles would appear on their forehead
• Their jaw would go slack
• Their mouth would hang open loosely 
• Their eyes would widen

As with anger and fear, surprise triggers the “fight-or-flight” response. Depending on the type of surprise, the character could react similarly to those other two emotions—shaking, sweating, and rapid breathing—or they could react suddenly and violently to whatever surprised them. They could lash out to defend themself, run away from the perceived threat, or simply freeze in place. 

If you want to learn more about surprising your characters and your readers in your writing, check out my other article: Writing Surprised Characters .

Describing Disgust 

You’ve probably read “her nose wrinkled in disgust” a million times before, but you shouldn’t get comfortable with writing like everybody else. While it’s true that the wrinkled nose is a key characteristic of the expression, so much more goes into making it complete. A disgusted expression affects the entire face, like so:

• Their eyebrows would be pulled down
• Their nose would be wrinkled
• Their upper lip would be pulled up
• Their lips would be loose
• Their eyes would narrow
• Their teeth may be exposed
• Their cheeks may be raised

You’ve probably also read “she recoiled in disgust” before, since that’s another popular writing cliché. As with other emotions, body language plays a part in this, but don’t write it the same way as everyone else. Also, and this should go without saying by now, don’t tell the readers that the character is disgusted— show them . For example:

She stumbles back, her hands clutching the front of her delicate blouse. 

“What is that!?” she gasps, narrowing her eyes at the drooling monster in front of her. 

“It’s my pet.” I respond, making her wrinkle her nose. 

Describing Contempt

Contempt is an interesting emotion, but it is one that is often overlooked. A character that is feeling contempt could assume they are being lied to, that they are right and someone else is wrong, or that someone or something is not worth their time and attention. It is associated with a sense of superiority and apathy. The signs that a character is feeling contempt are:

• Their eyes would be unengaged
• One side of their mouth is pulled up and back
• One of their eyebrows may pull upwards
• Their head may tilt back slightly, making their gaze follow down their nose

This emotion is not a passionate one, meaning the expression is typically somewhat subtle. However, the degree to which the emotion is expressed is going to depend on the character and the context. 

Describing Complex Emotions

Now that you know the expressions for each of the 7 different universal emotions, it’s time to mix and match. Emotions are not always clearly divided; a person can feel several different emotions at the same time. They could be feeling happy and sad at the same time, or angry and disgusted. They could even be feeling anger, disgust, fear, and surprise all at the same time.

Emotions can conflict and overlap with each other, creating a unique expression as they are all experienced at once. Try to sort through the emotions your character is feeling in order to figure out how to describe their expression. There is usually a dominant emotion that will define the majority of the expression, but elements of other expressions would creep in. 

Let’s consider an example: a character has just caught their partner cheating. They are likely to be surprised, angry, and sad all at the same time, but the dominant emotion will depend on the character. One character may get angry, and express all the normal features of an angry expression, but have tears spilling down their cheeks. Another character may have surprise as their dominant emotion, but scowl in anger. Yet another type of character could feel contempt as their dominant emotion, yet grimace in disgust at the sight. 

When two or more emotions are fighting for dominance, and a character cannot decide how to feel, their expression can become confused . Although confusion is not recognized as a universal emotion, here are some options for showing that a character is feeling conflicted or confused:

• Their eyebrows may be drawn together
• A vertical wrinkle may appear between their eyebrows
• Their mouth may be pulled in tightly
• The corners of their mouth may point downward
• They may glance around in different directions
• They may let their mouth hang open loosely, or open and close their mouth several times (especially before speaking)
• They may swallow excessively
• They may fidget or touch their face

Writing About MicroExpressions

Sometimes, characters will try to conceal their emotions, but there will still be signs of how they really feel in their expression. Microexpressions are tiny glimpses of the true emotion that a person feels, quickly followed by a false expression to mask that emotion. Although these usually last a fraction of a second, you can use them to tip readers off to how the character is really feeling. Microexpressions can also be a good way of indicating that a character is lying. 

To write about microexpressions, all you need to do is show little hints of one or more different features of the full expression, but make sure to note that it is only on the character’s face for a brief moment in time. You can use just about any feature of the expression for the microexpression, as long as it is indicative of the emotion by itself. Here are some examples:

• A character trying to mask anger may draw their lips in tightly, then smile. 
• A character trying to mask happiness may squint their eyes, then adopt a stoic expression. 
• A character trying to mask sadness may bring the inside corners of their eyebrows up, then adopt a happy expression. 
• A character trying to mask fear may tense up and bare their teeth, then act angry to make it seem like they were never afraid. 
• A character trying to mask surprise may widen their eyes, and quickly adopt a contemptuous expression to brush off their surprise.
• A character trying to mask disgust may wrinkle their nose, then act surprised to hide their disgust. 
• A character trying to mask contempt may have one eyebrow twitch upwards slightly, then adopt a pleasant smile. 

Remember that the choices you make when describing a character’s expressions can also indicate personality traits, trustworthiness, and likeability. Once you understand the different elements of each universal expression, you can modify it to reveal more about the character in question. Microexpressions can help you reveal more depth to your characters, and make each individual seem more complex. 

Some Tips for Describing Facial Expressions

Although you know how to describe the expressions for the 7 universal emotions, you could still benefit by observing and analysing these expressions yourself. One of the best ways to do this is to study people’s expressions. Pay attention to the actors’ faces when you are watching a movie or show, and try to take note of the little changes in their expressions. You need to be able to put the theory of expressions in practice, and observing real people is the best way to understand how to apply it.

If you are having difficulty describing a character’s expression, try acting out the scene. Imagine the setting, and read the dialogue out loud. How do you feel? What would be going through your mind? Really try to embody the character, and take note of the expression that comes naturally to you. Recreate it in a mirror, or record yourself with your cell phone, and use that as a guide. 

Good luck, and keep writing!

BRYN DONOVAN

tell your stories, love your life

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Master List of Physical Description for Writers

I created this list of ways to describe people

because physical description, when done well, helps the readers see characters in their minds. But sometimes when you’re in the middle of writing, it can be hard to think of physical adjectives and distinguishing features for characters. I find that describing facial features can be especially tricky!

That’s why I created this long list of physical characteristics. It’s kind of like a character description generator, and it’ll help you when you’re trying to think of how to describe a character’s appearance.

Eyes – General

 For all the words about describing facial features, I’m focusing more on physical descriptions rather than emotional expressions, though there’s a little crossover! You can also check out my long list of facial expressions.

heavy-lidded

fringed with long lashes

with sweeping eyelashes

with thick eyelashes

By the way, this post on how to describe (and not describe) the eyes of an Asian character  is really great. Check it out.

Eyes – Color

Brown is the most common eye color by far. Green is quite rare.

chocolate brown

cocoa brown

coffee brown

sienna brown

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cornflower blue

Arctic blue

glacial blue

crystal blue

electric blue

slate blue / slate gray

storm blue / storm gray

silver / silver gray

concrete gray

gunmetal gray

Skin – Color

Josh Roby made a great chart of skin tones and descriptor words, and I got a lot of these words from him. You can get that here .

The quote from N.K. Jemisin interested me: “I get really tired of seeing African-descended characters described in terms of the goods that drove, and still drive, the slave trade—coffee, chocolate, brown sugar. There’s some weird psychosocial baggage attached to that.” 

cream / creamy

rose / rosy

Skin – General

Some of these are better for the face, and some are better for other parts of the body.

translucent

luminescent

with large pores

weather-beaten

Face – Structure

heart-shaped

high forehead

broad forehead

prominent brow ridge

protruding brow bone

sharp cheekbones

high cheekbones

angular cheekbones

hollow cheeks

jutting chin

pointed chin

receding chin

double chin

dimple in chin

visible Adam’s apple

People don’t write much about noses, but they can be distinguishing features for characters!

Cupid’s bow

straight teeth

gap between teeth

gleaming white teeth

Facial Hair (or lack thereof)

clean-shaven

smooth-shaven

mutton-chop sideburns

a few days’ growth of beard

five o’ clock shadow

Hair – General

I threw a few hairstyles in here, though not many.

shoulder-length

neatly combed

slicked down / slicked back

buzzed / buzz cut

widow’s peak

Hair – Color

There are some repeats here from the eye color section!

salt and pepper

charcoal gray

brown sugar

tawny brown

toffee brown

Titian-haired

strawberry blonde

butterscotch

sandy blond

fair-haired

Body Type – General

average height

barrel-chested

heavy / heavy-set

pot-bellied

full-figured

leggy / long-legged

broad-shouldered

sloping shoulders

stubby fingers

long fingers

ragged nails

grimy fingernails

ink-stained

This list and many more are in my book Master Lists for Writers: Thesauruses, Plot Ideas, Character Traits, Names, and More . Check it out if you’re interested!

And if you don’t want to miss future writing posts, follow the blog, if you aren’t already — there’s a place to sign up on the lefthand side of the blog. Thanks for stopping by, and happy writing!

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127 thoughts on “ master list of physical description for writers ”.

Thanks, Bryn! This list has sparked a spark in my brain. I haven’t seen one of those for a while. I was getting worried I’d lost my flint!

I’m so glad you like it!

I love this, do you mind if we share on our blog WritersLife.org ?

Thanks for the positive feedback! You can’t reproduce it on your blog, but you can share an excerpt of 200 words or less plus a link to my site.

As a new novel writer all I can say is thank very much for sharing with us this wonderful list.

Ah you’re welcome! Thanks for visiting!

This is amazing! Thank you very much!

Thanks for the kind words–glad it seems helpful!

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Reblogged this on Of Fancy & Creativity .

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Aw thank you for this it helped so much! I’m 15 and I’m trying to write a novel and this was sooooo helpful so thank you a billion 🙂 Best wishes.

Ah you’re welcome! Thanks for stopping by. Good for you for working on a novel, and good luck–I bet it will go great!

Hi, Bryn Thank you for doing these lists. They helped me a lot. Can you make a list on how to describe emotions like sadness or anger.

It’s funny you should ask 🙂 There’s a list like that in my book MASTER LISTS FOR WRITERS coming out this fall! I haven’t officially announced it yet, but hey 🙂

You can get a free copy when it comes out if you agree to give it an honest review. SIgn up for my newsletter if you’re interested!

Reblogged this on Kalynn Bayron and commented: Yes! This is great!

Was just looking for this type of lists.Great work.

This is so helpful.

I love your blog, btw. Your posts are informative and/or inspirational.

Are you on any social medial where I can follow you?

Oh, thank you so much! I just checked out your blog — I love the dream casting post! http://sbhadleywilson.com/blog/pull-ideal-cast-2/

I’m @BrynDonovan on Twitter, just followed you!

VERY helpful. I need to get basic descriptions of people done and out of the way to move on with plot. This quickens any details that might have taken me a long time to think through, or strain a sentence. Yuck. I know my females characters would pay attention to lots of physical details. not so with the males. Thanks!

Oh, so glad it’s helpful! That’s always what I’m trying to do with my lists — speed things up. I hate getting stuck on a detail and losing my momentum 🙂 Thanks for stopping by!

godsent list! Bryn, I wish you more brains.

Reblogged this on Jessica Louis and commented: This list is beyond helpful. Who knew there were so many eye colors!?

Thanks Bryn your list was amazing. I’m an aspiring writer and it really helped me a lot. When I can I’m going to get a copy of your book. I think it would help me become a better writer. My genre of choice is erotic, but it is so hard to get out there, but I’m hopeful one day I will. It’s what I love to do and I’m going to keep trying.

Hi Beth! Thank you so much for the kind words. If you do get the book, I hope you like it! And good luck on writing erotica — I’m doing a “WIP Wednesday” this Wednesday where you can share a bit of your work in progress, if you like 🙂

That would be great. I have some short stories publish on a site called Literotica. I have some editing issues that I’m trying to work out, nothing a few classes wouldn’t help. How do I share my work.

I am so sorry! I missed this comment before. The next WIP Wednesday on the blog is Dec. 2… if you’re following the blog you’ll see the post! (The follow button is on the righthand side of this page.) Hope your writing’s going well 🙂

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Reblogged this on PRINCE CHARMING ISN'T HERE and commented: what an amazing list! I always have a hard time describing features! words sometimes fail me!

i loved this list! thank you so much for making it! 🙂

So glad it was helpful!

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Thank you! This is so helpful to have for reference. Occasionally I’ll have a particular word in mind and can’t think of it, and I can usually pop over here and find it right away!

I absolutely love your master lists. They have helped me so much in diversifying the words I use when I’m writing. 🙂

Ohhh thank you! That is so great to hear. 🙂 Hope your writing projects are going great!

Thank you, and they are. I’m just about to publish a works I’ve been working on for the past couple of months, which is so exciting. XD Hope all your writing projects are going great as well. 🙂

What a wonderful and thorough list Bryn. Thanks for sharing it! I will at some point ‘link back’ to this fabulous article (I’ll let you know when I do.) I’m new to your site, but will certainly be back for more! I’m fascinated to learn that you’re also a home-grown KC girl. =0) Although, I remarried and moved to California 9 years ago, KC still tugs my heart-strings.

Hey, so glad you like it! Yeah, Kansas City is a special place. Come visit anytime 🙂 And thanks for visiting my blog! — I LOVE your username, by the way. Made me smile.

thanks for following my blog!

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Reblogged this on A Blissful Garden and commented: I find this very important!

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Reblogged this on Insideamoronsbrain and commented: Wow!!

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Thanks for sharing this list! It is amazing and so helpful !

I’m going to save this as a favorite. You always provide great information Bryn. Continue with your success.

Oh, thank you so much, Christopher! I really appreciate the kind words. So glad you like this!

This list is so complete! I haven’t worked on fiction in a long while, but lately I’ve been wanting to get back into it. I know this is going to be a great help when i sit down to create my characters!

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This is absolutely perfect for aspiring writers so that we don’t have to use Microsoft Word synonyms that tend to nit have what we’re searching for. Your introductory paragraph about readers falling in love with characters’ personalities and not theit physical attributes was spot on. Thank you thank you, thank you!

Chunny! Thank you so very much for the kind words. I’m so glad you found it helpful!!

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This is amazing! Thank you! I hope it’s alright if I use this as a reference in a blog post for character development.

Hi Jacquelyn! So glad you like it. That’s fine, just please link to the post!

I read this over and over, thank you for creating this! Can I just ask, when thinking of clothing and how to describe it, what are some things you would put? (I’m making a book draft and have never needed clothing described to me as much as now)

Thank you! It’s so important that we don’t reuse the same words too often, so this will help a lot with that problem.

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Thanks for helping me. It really made a big difference of helping me come up with something.

Hi Joseph! Sorry for the delayed reply! I’m so glad you liked it. Thanks for the kind words!

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Your book “Master Lists for Writers” has helped me incredibly. I’ve always wanted to be a romance writer but didn’t have the nerve until now. I am currently working on a short story about a college girl who is assaulted by a classmate. It was based on a dream I had a few nights ago. I haven’t developed how she gets her revenge on him. I know the story line seems dark but the dream stuck with me so much, I felt the urge to turn it into a story. Thank you again for your awesome book. What a great resource

Rhonda! Thank you so much for the kind words. I am so happy that the book is helpful, and even gladder that you’re going for it and writing! Sending you best wishes on your story!

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Great advice in this post, Bryn! Thank you.

Used this for school! It was really helpful!

Oh yay! So glad it was helpful!

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This is a great list! So comprehensive, and just what I was looking for. I struggle with physical descriptions of people and have a tendency to write the same kins of attributes. So this list is fab!

This is great!

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keep up the good work

Hey thanks 🙂

This is so helpful!!!!!

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Tiptoeing out there to publish my first book (I’ve been writing a long time). This post helped so much. Thanks!

oh my gosh, thank you! You have put a lot of effort in this list. I def appreciate it 🙂

Thank you I´m always using this when I´m creating new characters.

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Incredibly helpful! Thanks a lot :3

Thank you for sharing this!

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More extensive than my general list. My wizened goatee and elder Fu Manchu thank you for sharing your time and devotion to the craft.

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Very useful for ready reference. Thank you very much.

Thanks, Mohan! So glad you liked it!

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I’ve been writing for a while, mostly for fun, but this was the one thing I could never get down, but this list is great! all around solid, and incredibly useful, I see myself using it every time I need to make a new character, good job!

You’re a legend! This is fantastic, thank you!

Hahaha, thanks for the kind words! 🙂 Glad it’s helpful!

I am following your prompts and valuable advice for writing a fantasy teen fiction novel. I think you are amazing. You might not know it but I was able to clear hundreds of my doubts through your help. Please keep up the good work and providing your valuable support to all of us upcoming writers.

Hey, thank you so much for the kind words—you made my day! It’s wonderful to hear that you’re working on YA fantasy. I’m so glad I could help, and I wish you every success!

I honestly would not recommend this as good writing advice. The focus is too much on describing someone’s physical features using analogies for food. That is not a good thing, it becomes trite and overdone. If used sparsely it’s okay but almost every word in this list is food related.

Hi, Larissa! Thanks for taking your valuable time to share your opinion.

You have done a great job preparing this Master List. Those who think such precise words for describing someone hurt their sensibilities, move on to another URL. I appreciate every bit of your effort.

Hi, Pradeep! I am so glad you like the list. Thanks so much for commenting!

Bryn, I love your master list book and use it all the time!

Ohh, thank you so much! I’m so glad it’s helpful!

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This is a godsend. I owe you my soul.

I work 20 hours per day, (regular business and writing the memoir). Just ordered the Master List–seems like having my own research assistant. I may be able to get 5 hours sleep now. Thanks

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No jaw descriptions? ;(

You saved my day with your wonderful, descriptive words! Now I’ve found the perfect features for my handsome male character. Thank you!

That is a lot of hours for books but I guess if you keep pushing it will happen.

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Hi Bryn, thanks so much for this information! I always appreciate your lists because I like comprehensive material all in one location as a reference (then if I decide to break the rules, at least I know what the rules are “supposed to be” first!). Have you considered making comprehensive lists of creative writing genre conventions (tropes, archetypes, settings, devices, etc.)?

Hello, and thank you for the valuable and useful information. I agree with Eleanore regarding the list of genre conventions. I’m more than pleased I found you website.

Thank u so much ❤️ that was so helpful

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65 Ways to Describe Sight and Eyes in Your Writing

Ever since William Shakespeare said:

“The Eyes are the window to your soul”

… people have been trying to decode ever glitter, wrinkle, squint, and gaze that passes from those orbs. When I read a description that catches my attention, I copy it down, using it later to remind me there’s more to a character’s eyes than ‘she looked’ or ‘his blue eyes’.

Here’s my list of 65 (and growing):

A note: These are for inspiration only . They can’t be copied because they’ve been pulled directly from an author’s copyrighted manuscript (intellectual property is immediately copyrighted when published).

• Eyed me as though his bullshit meter was ticking in the red zone.
• He blinked as his eyes adjusted.
• an alertness in the eyes, behind the glasses that sat crookedly on the nose
• Cold gaze fixed on the anxious young man
• Cast a skeptical eye
• Sure, we know that, said Herrera, taking off his glasses to inspect the lenses.
• Gaffan saw Marley’s eyes open wide in surprise and recognition.
• Eyes bleary from surveillance and the two-hour drive
• Vision narrowed to a pinprick
• Eyes clouded
• eyes locked on like magnets
• four pairs of eyes blinked in unison
• studied her with a predator’s unwavering attention
• blinked a couple of times

• eyes narrowed to slits
• Narrowed his eyes
• eyes locked in a shared understanding
• yellow rimmed eyes narrowing
• peer sightlessly at a wall
• eyes turned inward
• shook her head and stared at the pool
• Staring sightlessly into the darkness
• Stared off into the crowd but didn’t seem to see anything
• Stared into the distance
• Fixed expression
• Looked at a place somewhere over his shoulder
• focused on an empty space in the air between them
• eyes narrowed, she got a vertical wrinkle between her eyebrows. Her lips pursed slightly.
• Their eyes met, but he broke it off
• meaningful eye contact
• studied Hood with her level gaze
• risked a peek
• she screwed her eyes shut
• stared brazenly into her eyes
• opened her eyes wide
• dark eyes radiated a fierce, uncompromising intelligence
• rubbed raw eyes
• eyes felt scratchy and I was jittery with coffee and raw from sleeplessness.
• His eyes flickered past me.
• His eyes were never still and he never looked at me except in passing
• Caught her peeking at Hawk sideways out of a narrow corner of her right eye.
• Watching the bystanders from the edge of his vision
• Looked him over with the respect men who have not served give those who have

• Ferret-like eyes
• Dark eyes smoldering
• Lined from squinting into too many suns
• Eyes were dark pools of fear
• looked like hell—purple bags under her eyes,
• eyes carried a mixture of shock and barely contained anger
• bright eyes of an optimist
• one eye clouded with a cataract
• wounded eyes
• his body felt heavy
• eyes were dark, cupped by fleshy pouches
• wire-rimmed glasses
• Slate-blue eyes
• Dark solemn eyes
• Spark in his grey eyes
• Steely-eyed
• Huge blue eyes that gave her a startled look
• black circles beneath her eyes had become bruises
• Wide-spread aquamarine eyes
• brown eyes wearing reading glasses
• Piercing stare
• Close set black eyes
• Watery blue eyes
• Memorable only for his bleak eyes
• Nets of wrinkles at the corners of her eyes
• Eyes flat as little pebbles
• Steely eyed
• long eyelashes
• laughing eyes
• predatory eyes
• Eyes were red-rimmed from allergies
• Under heavy lids; heavy-lidded
• Sensitive brown eyes
• Eyes sunk into his sockets
• Competitive, fixed, dead-eyed, and querulous stare of people who weren’t getting far enough fast enough
• I’ve-seen-it-all eyes
• bedroom eyes, dark hair falling into them
• Crows feet radiated from corners of eyes
• the light fades from his eyes until they are dark and empty
• eyes were brown in the middle and bloodshot everywhere else
• stared through him
• Looked left and right before starting
• Pingponging his gaze between A and B
• His glance, as conspiratorial as a wink
•  eyes watched her the way a tiger watched a bunny
• Shadow passed over his eyes
• Flicker in his eyes
• Said without looking at him
• looked for a common theme, a thread of some sort
• She frowned–couldn’t recall the incident
• Heard little and cared less
• Hovering over her shoulder
• His eyes flattened
• His face hardened in concentration
• Thinking about my conversation with the old detective
• shot a look over the top of his glasses
• Squinted at the sun
• Arched an eye brow
• Looked at me with a strangled expression
• Bushy eyebrows
• eyebrows of white steel wool
• a single bushy bar above the eyes

More descriptors for writing:

Lots of them

48 Collections to Infuse Your Writing

What is a ‘Hacker’

Copyright ©2022 worddreams.wordpress.com – All rights reserved.

Jacqui Murray  is the author of the popular prehistoric fiction saga,  Man vs. Nature  which explores seminal events in man’s evolution one trilogy at a time. She is also the author of the  Rowe-Delamagente thrillers  and  Building a Midshipman , the story of her daughter’s journey from high school to United States Naval Academy .  Her non-fiction includes over a hundred books on integrating tech into education, reviews as an  Amazon Vine Voice ,  a columnist for  NEA Today , and a freelance journalist on tech ed topics. Look for her next prehistoric fiction,  Savage Land,  Winter 2024 .

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150 thoughts on “ 65 Ways to Describe Sight and Eyes in Your Writing ”

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Pingback: 65 Ways to Describe Sight and Eyes in Your Writing – Nicole_6

So interesting!

Like Liked by 1 person

Thank you! It’s easy to fall into the traditional color/size/that sort, but there is so much more to eyes than that. Which–of course–you understand, with your interest in music.

Thank you again for this wonderful reply 💝

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There is no copyright on most if not all of these. You may have copied them from a particular manuscript but the phrases themselves have been used thousands of times…”arched an eyebrow” , “Cast a skeptical eye” – c’mon…look at these phrases…they are all quite generic.

You are right–just an abundance of caution. Thanks, Vicki.

I think they’re pretty neat, Jacqui.

I absolutely love this list. Thank you so much. I’m always searching for lists. One of my favorite lists is finding words to use instead of said.

Glad you found it helpful!

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Jacqui, Can’t comment on just one post — I find something helpful in your posts on matter the subject. For now, the “eyes” have it. Thanks, also on commenting on my posts and for your regular blurbs. Mask up and enjoy the holidays.

I have quite a collection of masks these days! Thanks for the greetings, Nancy!

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Thanks for visiting.

Hi Jacqui, I just got your last book from Amazon and I started to read it. When the Thames is finished I will write about it, as promised. Joanna

Thank you, Joanna! I’d love that. But don’t rush. Your series on rivers is fascinating.

Very useful to many budding writers. Thank you, Jacqui, for your comments about the posts on my blog naturetails.blog I am back home from the hospital but still not very well. Nothing serious. Joanna

I’m so sorry to hear that, Gaby. It’s awful to be sick, especially now.

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Love this! Very helpful.

Thanks! Glad this was helpful.

Wow thanks!! These are worth remembering – or at least remembering where they are.

Pretty amazing how many ways there are to discuss ‘see’!

Reblogged this on Home – SFH and commented: This is such a good list for anyone need good sight words!

Thanks for sharing!

wow amazing list , Thank you for compiling it very useful to me !

I am so amazed by the creativity of writers. These really caught my attention.

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I will look at this list when I’m writing 🤔 my eyes would read. She looked through her red itchy eyes and decided he was a hunk. But what could she do about it at 61 and wrinkled skin. Go to Walmart for Gold Bond!

Like Liked by 2 people

Hehee. You and me both!

I think you are amazing with the wealth of words you provide.

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Just found this – these are great! My eyes are wide with admiration….

I see what you did there!

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Hi Jacqui, Thank you for liking my poem, I love writing poetry…and playing around with words::my passion! Add people and I’m made up! I enjoyed your lists and ideas; thank you.. To think there are only 26 letters in the English language. Isn’t it amazing what us writers do with them. Magic! Best wishes. xx

Well, Nature has us beat. Only 4 bases for DNA and look at all the variation. Yikes!

Thanks goes to you for promoting my work as a powerful Psychic spiritual healer in usa and for liking my blogs, let me live my number here +27634299958 whatsapp. THANKS

Like Liked by 3 people

Thanks for visiting me, too!

Love this! Thanks for taking time away from your writing to visit my blog!

Fun visit, Lily. I’m new to #authorstoolboxbloghop and am enjoying all the new writers I’m meeting!

I’m looking for some advice. I want to describe the look someone gives another person when the former is deliberately feigning interest in a way meant to convey mockery and contempt. I’ll try to give a brief example.

Person A says something person B finds ridiculous or uninteresting.

Person B, being a jerk, makes a sarcastic remark to the effect of “wow, how fascinating!” while giving person A a look that matches her attitude.

It’s all about body language…and the fact that it’s nearly 6 am and I am struggling to be descriptive! Thanks for your help.

Snide? Or dismissive? Or like you just stepped in a cow turd?

Hmm… Let’s see what anyone else has to offer!

some great ideas in this list Jacqui to stimulate the imagination. also, a good reminder about copyright 🙂

I’m pretty paranoid about copyrights. I’m perfectly happy paying for images rather than worrying they’re in the public domain.

exactly. i bought 5 images recently from shuttlestock. not very expensive.

Also technically you can’t copywriter a phrase you didn’t make up. “Narrowed his eyes” is on this list and I’m sure that’s been used thousands of times in manuscripts for many, many years. Copying a whole paragraph that a phrase is imbedded in is wrong, but using common phrases in your writing but putting it in your own context is not violating a copyright.

You’re absolutely right. Good to point this out!

“Eyed me as though his bullshit meter was ticking in the red zone.”. Awesome.

I’ve felt that way myself at times!

Seriously, this is a great list!

Great examples. You had me at the first one.

Yeah, I like that one too. It evokes some good mental images.

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This is excellent! Thanks.

Thanks! They are all quite authentic.

Thank you Jacqui! it was helpful..

I love hearing that, Vijaya.

This is a thorough and useful list, Jacqui. Thank you. 🙂 — Suzanne

I get a lot of inspiration from this one. Thanks, Patricia.

I love posts like this, Jacqui. They make me reach beyond the self-imposed limits of my little grey cells 🙂

Every time I prepare to write “he squinted” or “his ferret eyes”, I check this list. I can do so much more with eyes!

I’ve bookmarked it and will be using in the future 🙂

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Brilliant Jacqui thank you. The eyes are such a crucial element in connection with someone. Eyes meeting across a crowded room has been the start of many a wonderful romance…..

Thanks so much for sharing this post on your blog, Sally. It’s been fun hearing the feedback.

Pleasure Jacqui. x

Reblogged this on Viv Drewa – The Owl Lady .

Thanks for the reblog!

Reblogged this on Chris The Story Reading Ape's Blog .

Thanks for the reblog, Chris!

Welcome, Jacqui – great info 😃

It’s in august company on your blog.

THANK YOU, Jacqui ❤️

Reblogged this on Plaisted Publishing House and commented: Awesome writing tips for Sight and Eyes 🙂

Fantastic list, thank you!

My pleasure.

Excellent, Jacqui. Thanks for sharing.

These definitely inspire me when I get stuck. Thanks for visiting.

Haha! Love the 1st one, I have to use that on my hubby. LOLz

Oh yeah. I use it a lot on mine!

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Awesome write-up. I wonder if a person used some of these phrases in their own book or novel would it be considered plagiarism? I posted earlier but I wrote the wrong address.

It could be–and some of them are so outstanding, genre readers would recognize them for where they came from. Not worth the risk!

thanks for your response. But I think it depends. As I look over some of the words in sight, I already have them in my book and chances are some of the phrases are in other books. Phrases like “Eyes turned inwards”, “Looked him over”, “Blinks several times”, “Squinted into the crowd.” In my novel I used, “His eyes darted back and forth.” coming to find out that the phrase is used in over 15 other novels that I found and I am sure there are more. I’m sure there are probably other phrases that I use in some of these books as well. Can I call it plagiarism if I see phrases I used in my book?

I guess it depends on the complexity of the sentence.

You are right–those types of general phrasing is pretty much public domain. Good to point that out!

Thank you! This is perfect for when I’m sitting there thinking, ‘how should I say?’ which causes me to stop and think too long and uh-oh I wind up in the writer’s block zone!

Thanks exactly what it does for me, too. Inspiration.

Well, isn’t that thorough. i love the first one about the bullshit meter.

We’re so far beyond ‘beady eyes’ aren’t we?

This is so much help. Thank you.

My pleasure!

Wow, so many ways to describe and possibly we still have even more things the eyes express. Magical are the eyes, small organs with great power. Thanks miriam

That is true. I think that veil with just the eyes showing is a perfect example.

Reblogged this on lampmagician .

Thank you so much for sharing. Sometimes my thoughts gets stuck and I need something to give it a kick start. 🙂

That is exactly what these lists are for. Sometimes, I just read the dictionary, find great words that evoke an image that leads to a plot point. I love writing.

If only I had a photographic memory … as long as I didn’t have to sacrifice my busy, sometimes all over the place, creative mind. 😳

This was such a help. Thanks for sharing!

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Thank you so much! These will definitely help me in my writing!

Great writer tips. Thanks for your recent visit to my blog.

These are fun, aren’t they?

This has helped me so much! I always get stuck describing how characters ‘look’ at certain things. Thank you!

It’s amazing how many ways you can say the same thing. Glad you like these.

it was of great help for me.. beautifully expressed…

Thanks! And, I’m sure the cute dog doesn’t hurt it’s read-me value.

no it didn’t… rather its my favorite breed so its just an add on cuteness & more expressive 🙂

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Awesome list!! Thanks for sharing 😀

and a free cute dog picture–what could be better!

Excellent… Being language my second language you have no idea how this post helps me, dear Jacqui… Best wishes! Aquileana ⭐

I bet many of them seem quite odd to you. I’m highly impressed with your writing skills.

Exactly!… But I am learning with your post!… Oh and thank you, Jacqui!… I’d humbly say that I feel I have made considerable improvements! … Best wishes! Aquileana 😀

Reblogged this on quirkywritingcorner and commented: Can someone explain the copywrite law when it comes to using common phrases? I’ve used quite a few of these in my writing and even my nurse’s notes. I did not think using a common phrase would be considered infringement.

My old eyes can’t ‘see’ as much as your young ones and writing brain can Jacqui. You’ve given me so much great tips over the last couple of years, I wish I knew long time ago. These are the ones came at a critical juncture of my [nonsensical?] book. Thanks for your help Jaqui. Arun from over the pond.

I see your eyes laughing! Ah, you are the master of subtle humor, Arun.

You know, I’m always scratching my head and pulling at my hair trying to think of others ways to say “looked”. These will help. Thanks.

And ‘saw’. These aren’t like changing the tag, ‘he said’. They aren’t supposed to be invisible. Gee, it gets hard sometimes.

These are great. Eyes are so expressive and are a must to mention when writing.

They are. Shoulders, feet–they can be ignored, but not what’s communicated with eyes.

With this post Jacqui “The ayes have it”! You are such a great resource, thank you.

Fabulous as always, Jacqui. Thanks so much. Something to chew on. ❤

Chomp chomp!

Great post. I was reminded tonight how important expressive eyes are while watching the Voice.

Since so much of communication is the body, it makes sense we should be aware of what’s being said.

Thanks, Jacqui. This should prove very helpful.

So much more expressive, aren’t they?

Great tips! Thank you so much for sharing! Have a lovely week 🙂

Lots of ways to say, ‘he saw’, aren’t there?

Yes, quite! Thank you. Very useful tips 🙂

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