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What Is the Scientific Mystery Behind the Bermuda Triangle?

The bermuda triangle has supposedly swallowed ships whole, and it has fascinated us for decades. but where is the bermuda triangle and is there any truth to the tales.

Just off the southeast coast of the United States, there lies a span of ocean that’s long held a fearsome reputation. Ships traversing its choppy breadth disappear without a trace. Flights routed above the waters blink from radar screens, never to be seen again. 

The mysterious happenings have conjured stories of supernatural interference, alien kidnappings, and an area somehow outside the normal bounds of physical reality. The Bermuda Triangle, it’s said, is a haunted place. That’s just one version of the story, of course.

What Is the Bermuda Triangle?

The Bermuda Triangle has been the site of a number of high-profile and still-mysterious naval and aviation disappearances. But that those disasters are the result of anything sinister, as opposed to the logical conjunction of environment and statistics, is extremely doubtful.

Still, a number of people have proposed scientifically valid explanations for the disappearances of ships and planes in the Bermuda Triangle over the years. The ocean is a dangerous place, after all, and it’s not uncommon even today for things to go wrong. In the storm-tossed waters of the North Atlantic, safety is never a guarantee.

Where Is the Bermuda Triangle?

The Bermuda Triangle, as it’s most commonly defined, stretches between Miami, San Juan, Puerto Rico, and the island of Bermuda. In all, it encompasses hundreds of thousands of square miles in the North Atlantic Ocean, a huge area. The region also sees heavy traffic from ships coming and going from the East Coast and Gulf of Mexico.

Why Is It Called the Bermuda Triangle?

The Bermuda Triangle got its name from a 1964 article in the pulp magazine Argosy, which linked together a few disappearances in the region. “ The Deadly Bermuda Triangle ” didn’t offer up any explanations for the occurrences, though it did heavily emphasize the mysterious nature of the area. The article features the disappearance of the U.S.S Cyclops, a Navy supply ship, in 1918, and the loss of a flight of bombers during a practice run in 1945, as well as one of the search and rescue planes sent out after them.

Is the Bermuda Triangle Real?

Yes, the Bermuda Triangle is a real geographic area, but the mysteries associated with it are often considered to be the result of sensationalized storytelling. These incidents, and others, have today become part of the lore of the Bermuda Triangle. These stories are often stitched together to hint at something untoward lurking beneath the surface of the Atlantic Ocean. In addition to the supernatural explanations, a number of more realistic explanations for the phenomenon have been put forward throughout the years, ranging from wayward magnetism to dangerous bubbles.

Read More: How Deep Is the Mariana Trench and What Have We Found in its Depths?

Why Is the Bermuda Triangle Dangerous?

The perceived danger of the Bermuda Triangle stems from its heavy maritime and air traffic, unpredictable weather, and the human tendency to emphasize mysterious or unexplained events. Historical incidents of disappearances have been attributed to natural phenomena rather than any supernatural causes.

High Traffic Volume and Natural Disasters

The fact that the area within the Bermuda Triangle is heavily trafficked could account for some of the mystery. Any region with lots of ships going through it is bound to see more accidents than a place with less activity. Pair that with the fact that the Bermuda Triangle is often swept by hurricanes, and it’s not hard to see why ships might occasionally sink there.

Magnetic Anomalies and Navigational Challenges

Another common explanation for the Bermuda Triangle rests on magnetism. The Earth’s magnetic North Pole isn’t the same as its geographic North Pole , which means that compasses usually don’t point exactly north. Only along what’s known as agonic lines, which line up magnetic and geographic north, are compasses truly accurate.

One agonic line runs from Lake Superior down through the Gulf of Mexico near the Bermuda Triangle. One theory holds that mariners, usually accustomed to accounting for a discrepancy in their compass readings, may make mistakes when very near to the agonic line that lead them astray. Paired with the often shallow waters of the island-strewn Caribbean Sea, navigational errors could lead to boats running aground on hidden shoals.

Another theory posits that the Bermuda Triangle might be home to a large-scale magnetic anomaly, a region where the Earth’s magnetic field lines are warped and twisted. This, too, could cause navigational mistakes. But, as others have noted, there’s no evidence the Bermuda Triangle contains any unusual magnetic disturbances, something that’s clear when looking at a magnetic map of the region .

Undersea Methane Deposits 

More recently, some scientists have suggested that ship sinkings in the Bermuda Triangle could be due to massive bubbles released from undersea methane deposits. The seafloor in the region is known to contain large pockets of gas that could be released suddenly, turning the ocean into a frothy soup that swallows ships. A similar process likely created huge seafloor craters near Norway.

But though the mechanism itself makes sense, there’s no evidence of any recent methane release from the area around the Bermuda Triangle. The last time anything similar happened in the region was around 15,000 years ago , according to U.S. Geological Survey geologist Bill Dillon.

Rogue Waves

Another explanation for the Bermuda Triangle that checks out on paper is the presence of rogue waves. These huge waves can form unexpectedly and rise two or even three times above surrounding waves. As Vice reports , British researchers used lab and computer models to simulate the effects of rogue waves more than 100 feet tall on ships as part of an investigation into the Bermuda Triangle. Ships that were sufficiently long could get caught suspended between two wave peaks with nothing supporting them from below and snap in half, one researcher theorizes. But, while rogue waves are certainly capable of capsizing or breaking a ship, we have no definitive evidence tying them to any of the naval disasters in the Bermuda Triangle.

The U.S. government doesn’t recognize the Bermuda Triangle, and the area doesn’t appear on any official maps. And the Coast Guard and Department of Defense have repeatedly refrained from giving the area, or its legends, any outsized significance. Furthermore, there’s no evidence suggesting the region sees higher rates of maritime or aviation disasters than anywhere else in the world, after accounting for the amount of traffic that passes through.

Read More: Cosmic Rays Reveal Mystery Chamber From Ancient Greece

What Is the Truth Behind the Bermuda Triangle Legend?

The true explanation for the Bermuda Triangle may ultimately reside not in the ocean, but in our minds. Our minds are often biased toward bizarre or otherwise memorable events, and have trouble accurately accounting for statistical discrepancies. For example, we’re more likely to remember things that seem exceptional — such as a ship that disappears with no explanation — than something more ordinary, like a ship sinking in a hurricane.

Baader-Meinhof Effect

And once something stands out to us, it can form the basis for further attention. It’s a form of the Baader-Meinhof effect or frequency illusion. Essentially, once we’re introduced to something once, we tend to notice it more often all around us. That can lead us to think whatever we’ve noticed is becoming rapidly more common, when, in reality, we’re just noticing it more.

Read More: Are Mermaids Real or Did Sea Creatures Inspire Mermaid Folklore?

Whatever is ultimately responsible for the legend of the Bermuda Triangle, be it psychological or otherwise, it’s worth remembering that there’s never been any evidence that the region is any more dangerous than anywhere else. So go ahead and take that vacation to Bermuda — but, as always, make sure to wear a lifejacket when you’re out on the water. It’s just common sense.

Frequently Asked Questions About the Bermuda Triangle

How deep is the bermuda triangle.

The Bermuda Triangle's depth varies. In some places, it's not very deep, but in others, like the Puerto Rico Trench, it can be over 27,000 feet deep, making it one of the deepest parts of the Atlantic Ocean.

What Happens in the Bermuda Triangle?

The Bermuda Triangle is known for stories about ships and planes disappearing. Most of these can be explained by things like bad weather and other natural phenomena.

Do Planes Fly Over the Bermuda Triangle?

Yes, planes regularly fly over the Bermuda Triangle. It is a commonly used route for commercial and private flights connecting North America with islands in the Caribbean and destinations in South and Central America. Despite its notorious reputation, the Triangle is not considered a no-fly zone, and flights over this area are considered as safe as other parts of the world.

What's in the Bermuda Triangle?

The Bermuda Triangle encompasses a variety of oceanic features, including coral reefs, underwater shoals, and deep-sea trenches. It's also home to a rich array of marine life. Contrary to popular myths, there are no supernatural elements unique to this area.

Did the Titanic Sink in the Bermuda Triangle?

No, the Titanic did not sink in the Bermuda Triangle. The Titanic tragedy occurred in the North Atlantic Ocean, far north of the Bermuda Triangle, about 370 miles southeast of Newfoundland, Canada.

Is the Bahamas in the Bermuda Triangle?

Yes, parts of the Bahamas are located within the boundaries of the Bermuda Triangle. The Bahamas is an archipelago that lies on the western edge of the Triangle including numerous islands and islets.

What Does the Bermuda Triangle Look Like?

The Bermuda Triangle, in terms of its physical appearance, looks like any other part of the North Atlantic Ocean. It consists of vast expanses of open water, interspersed with islands like Bermuda and parts of the Caribbean. The area can experience a range of weather conditions, from calm seas to intense storms, typical of the Atlantic.

Read More: Mystery of the Vanishing Eels

This article was originally published on March 11, 2021 and has been updated with new information by Discover staff.

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Bermuda Triangle: Where Facts Disappear

The Bermuda Triangle (also known as the Devil's Triangle) is an area bounded by points in Bermuda, Florida and Puerto Rico where ships and planes are said to mysteriously vanish into thin air — or deep water.

Recently, some people have wondered if there is a Bermuda Triangle connection in the disappearance of Malaysia Airlines Flight MH370 , even though the jet went missing halfway around the world.

The term "Bermuda Triangle" was coined in 1964 by writer Vincent Gaddis in the men's pulp magazine Argosy. Though Gaddis first came up with the phrase, a much more famous name propelled it into international popularity a decade later. Charles Berlitz, whose family created the popular series of language instruction courses, also had a strong interest in the paranormal. He believed not only that Atlantis was real, but also that it was connected to the triangle in some way, a theory he proposed in his bestselling 1974 book "The Bermuda Triangle." The mystery has since been promoted in thousands of books, magazines, television shows, and websites.

Over the years, many theories have been offered to explain the mystery. Some writers have expanded upon Berlitz's ideas about Atlantis , suggesting that the mythical city may lie at the bottom of the sea and be using its reputed "crystal energies" to sink ships and planes. Other more fanciful suggestions include time portals (why a rift in the space-time fabric of the universe would open up in this particular patch of well-traveled ocean is never explained) and extraterrestrials — including rumors of underwater alien bases.

Still others believe that the explanation lies in some sort of extremely rare and little–known — yet perfectly natural — geological or hydrological explanation. For example, perhaps ships and planes are destroyed by pockets of flammable methane gas known to exist in large quantities under the sea — maybe lightning or an electrical spark ignited a huge bubble of methane that came to the surface right next to a ship or plane, causing them to sink without a trace. There are a few obvious logical problems with this theory, including that methane exists naturally around the world and such an incident has never been known to happen. [ Gallery: Lost in the Bermuda Triangle ]

Others suggest sudden rogue tidal waves . Or maybe some mysterious geomagnetic anomaly that creates navigational problems confusing pilots and somehow causing them to plunge into the ocean; then again, pilots are trained to fly even with a loss of electronic navigation, and that theory doesn't explain ship disappearances. In fact, the Navy has a web page debunking this idea: "It has been inaccurately claimed that the Bermuda Triangle is one of the two places on earth at which a magnetic compass points towards true north. Normally a compass will point toward magnetic north. The difference between the two is known as compass variation. ... Although in the past this compass variation did affect the Bermuda Triangle region, due to fluctuations in the Earth's magnetic field this has apparently not been the case since the nineteenth century."

Mystery of the disappearing facts

But before we accept any of these explanations, a good skeptic or scientist should ask a more basic question: Is there really any mystery to explain?

A journalist named Larry Kusche asked exactly that question, and came to a surprising answer: there is no mystery about strange disappearances in the Bermuda Triangle. Kusche exhaustively re-examined the "mysterious disappearances" and found that the story was basically created by mistakes, mystery mongering, and in some cases outright fabrication — all being passed along as fact-checked truth.

In his definitive book "The Bermuda Triangle Mystery — Solved," Kusche notes that few writers on the topic bothered to do any real investigation — they mostly collected and repeated other, earlier writers who did the same. Unfortunately, Charles Berlitz's facility with language did not carry over into credible research or scholarship. His books on the paranormal — and on the Bermuda Triangle, specifically — were riddled with errors, mistakes, and unscientific crank theories. In a way, the Bermuda Triangle is largely a creation of Charles Berlitz's mistakes. Kusche would later note that Berlitz's research was so sloppy that "If Berlitz were to report that a boat were red, the chance of it being some other color is almost a certainty."

In some cases there's no record of the ships and planes claimed to have been lost in the aquatic triangular graveyard; they never existed outside of a writer's imagination. In other cases, the ships and planes were real enough — but Berlitz and others neglected to mention that they "mysteriously disappeared" during bad storms. Other times the vessels sank far outside the Bermuda Triangle.

It's also important to note that the area within the Bermuda Triangle is heavily traveled with cruise and cargo ships; logically, just by random chance, more ships will sink there than in less-traveled areas such as the South Pacific.

Despite the fact that the Bermuda Triangle has been definitively debunked for decades, it still appears as an "unsolved mystery" in new books — mostly by authors more interested in a sensational story than the facts. In the end, there's no need to invoke time portals, Atlantis, submerged UFO bases , geomagnetic anomalies, tidal waves, or anything else. The Bermuda Triangle mystery has a much simpler explanation: sloppy research and sensational, mystery-mongering books.

Benjamin Radford is deputy editor of Skeptical Inquirer science magazine and author of six books, including "Scientific Paranormal Investigation: How to Solve Unexplained Mysteries." His website is BenjaminRadford.com .

The Bermuda Triangle has fascinated many who lean toward believing imaginative stories and bizarre explanations, but skeptics take a whole other view of the area. Find out whether you’ve got the facts straight.

Bermuda Triangle Quiz: Fact vs. Fiction

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The intrigue behind the Bermuda Triangle

Numerous ships and planes have vanished without a trace within the imaginary Bermuda Triangle bounded by Miami, Bermuda, and Puerto Rico. What caused these disappearances remains a mystery.

On a sunny day nearly 80 years ago, five Navy planes took off from their base in Florida on a routine training mission, known as Flight 19. Neither the planes nor the crew were ever seen again.

Thus was a legend born. The Bermuda Triangle is an area roughly bounded by Miami, Bermuda, and Puerto Rico. No one keeps statistics, but in the last century, numerous ships and planes have simply vanished without a trace within the imaginary triangle.

Unusual features of the area had been noted in the past. Christopher Columbus wrote in his log about bizarre compass bearings in the area. But the region didn't get its name until August 1964, when Vincent Gaddis coined the term Bermuda Triangle in a cover story for Argosy   magazine about the disappearance of Flight 19. The article stimulated a virtual cottage industry in myth-making.

Many exotic theories have been propounded to explain what happened to the missing travelers.

The disappearances have been attributed to the machinations of enormous sea monsters, giant squid, or extra-terrestrials. Alien abductions, the existence of a mysterious third dimension created by unknown beings, and ocean flatulence—the ocean suddenly spewing great quantities of trapped methane—have all been suggested as culprits.

The reality, say many, is far more prosaic. They argue that a sometimes treacherous Mother Nature, human error, shoddy craftsmanship or design, and just plain bad luck can explain the many disappearances.

For Hungry Minds

"The region is highly traveled and has been a busy crossroads since the early days of European exploration," said John Reilly, a historian with the U.S. Naval Historical Foundation. "To say quite a few ships and airplanes have gone down there is like saying there are an awful lot of car accidents on the New Jersey Turnpike—surprise, surprise."

Lieutenant A. L. Russell, in the U.S. Coast Guard's official response to Bermuda Triangle inquiries, writes: "It has been our experience that the combined forces of nature and the unpredictability of mankind outdo science-fiction stories many times each year."

Disappearance of Flight 19

The legend of the Bermuda Triangle will be forever tied to the fateful flight that took place on December 5, 1945.

Flight 19 originated at the U. S. Naval Air Station in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. Five TBM Avenger Torpedo Bombers carrying 14 men took off at roughly 2:10 p.m. that day on a routine navigational training mission.

Led by instructor Lieutenant Charles Taylor, the assignment was to fly a three-legged triangular route with a few bombing practice runs over Hen and Chickens Shoals.

Taylor, in an age before GPS became commonplace for navigation, got hopelessly lost shortly after the bombing run. Pilots flying over water in 1945 had to rely on compasses and knowing how long they'd been flying in a particular direction, and at what speed.

Both of the compasses on Taylor's plane were apparently malfunctioning. Transcripts of in-flight communications suggest he wasn't wearing a watch. There are no landmarks in the middle of the ocean.

The planes flew in one direction then another as balmy daylight turned to stormy seas in the darkness.

Taylor is heard formulating a plan; as soon as the first plane's fuel level dipped below 10 gallons, all five planes were to ditch at sea.

The Avenger was known as an extremely rugged plane. Pilots sometimes called them "Iron Birds" or Grumman ironworks, said Mark Evans, a historian at the Naval Aviation History branch of the Naval Historical Center.

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"They were built like tanks," he said. "Time and again they'd come back from battle all shot up and still functioning. Pilots loved them."

They were also very heavy, weighing more than 10,000 pounds (4,535 kilograms) empty. When ditched, the Avenger would go down hard and fast. The possibility of anyone surviving a landing in high seas was slim, the chance of surviving the night in the cold waters was nil, the likelihood of the wreckage making a quick descent to the bottom was high.

A massive land and sea search was mounted, but neither bodies nor wreckage were ever found.

Adding to the tragedy, one of the rescue planes also disappeared along with its 13-man crew. Their plane, a PBM Mariner, was nicknamed the "flying gas tank"; the slightest spark or a lit match could cause an explosion. A ship in the area reported seeing a huge fireball and crossing through an oil slick at the exact time and place where the plane would have been. The Navy halted production of that plane in 1949.

In the Navy's final report, the disappearance of Flight 19 was blamed on pilot error. Taylor's family protested and, after several reviews, the verdict was changed to "causes or reasons unknown."

Graveyard of the Atlantic

The Bermuda Triangle region has some unusual features. It's one of only two places on Earth—the other being an area nicknamed the Devil's Sea off the east coast of Japan, which has a similar mysterious reputation—where true north and magnetic north line up, which could make compass readings dicey [sidebar].

It is also home to some of the deepest underwater trenches in the world; wreckage could settle in a watery grave miles below the surface of the ocean. Most of the sea floor in the Bermuda Triangle is about 19,000 feet (5,791 meters) down; near its southern tip, the Puerto Rico Trench dips at one point to 27,500 (8,229 meters) feet below sea level.

Treacherous shoals and reefs can be found along the continental shelf. Strong currents over the reefs constantly breed new navigational hazards, according to the Coast Guard.

Then there's the weather.

"The biggest issues in that area normally are hurricanes, but it's not particularly a spawning area for storms," said Dave Feit, chief of the marine forecast branch of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Marine Prediction Center.

However, Feit pointed out, the Gulf Stream travels along the western edge of the triangle and could be a factor. The Gulf Stream is like a 40- to 50-mile-wide (64- to 80-kilometer-wide) river within the ocean that circulates in the North Atlantic Ocean. The warm water and two- to four-knot currents can create weather patterns that remain channeled within it.

"If you have the right atmospheric conditions, you could get quite unexpectedly high waves," said Feit. "If wave heights are eight feet outside of the Gulf Stream, they could be two or even three times higher within it. Sailors can sometimes identify the Gulf Stream by the clouds and thunderstorms over it."

The Coast Guard also notes that unpredictable Caribbean-Atlantic storms can yield waterspouts that often spell disaster for pilots and mariners.

Still, given a choice between the horrifying idea of a giant squid's tentacles wrestling an innocent ship to the sea floor, or an alien abduction, versus human error, shoddy engineering, and a temperamental Mother Nature—who, even today, could resist the legend of the Bermuda Triangle?  

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Home — Essay Samples — Geography & Travel — Bermuda Triangle — A Research Paper On The Bermuda Triangle

A Research Paper on The Bermuda Triangle

• Categories: Bermuda Triangle Research Methods

About this sample

Words: 1645 |

Published: Jun 9, 2021

Words: 1645 | Pages: 4 | 9 min read

Table of contents

Introduction, popularization, reality about the bermuda triangle, conclusions, bibliography, most likely theories, · human mistakes, · meteorology, · the rebel waves, · magnetic variations and electronic fog, · methane explosions.

• The Bermuda triangle is really not as dangerous as everyone thinks, it is even an area frequented by airplanes and ships, which are heading from the American continent to Europe.
• Many of the disappearances of ships and planes that are accredited in this area, have been analyzed and explained by different scientists
• Larry Kusche was able to demonstrate that in the Bermuda triangle really there are no paranormal things as assured by Charles Berlitz and Vincent H in their respective books, who had only misinformed the public.
• The incidents with airplanes and ships are not due to paranormal phenomena but rather due to the different weather conditions that usually occur in the area.
• Not all ship disappearances had really happened in the Bermuda triangle, but some of them had actually happened outside their limits, however there are still people who prefer to avoid crossing this area, due to the fear that this cause.
• Andrea R. ( 20/ October/ 2019). Do Pilots Actually Avoid Flying Over the Bermuda Triangle?. Obtained from https://www.travelandleisure.com/travel-tips/what-is-the-bermuda-triangle
• Sarah R. The Bermuda Triangle: myths and truths. Obtained from https://www.megainteresting.com/science/gallery/the-bermuda-triangle-myths-and-truths-451573351157
• Encyclopaedia Britannica. What Is Known (and Not Known) About the Bermuda Triangle. Obtained from https://www.britannica.com/story/what-is-known-and-not-known-about-the-bermuda-triangle
• Bermuda Triangle. (28/ August/ 2019). Obtained from https://www.history.com/topics/folklore/bermuda-triangle
• Evans A. (1/ September/ 2018). The Mysterious Disappearance of Flight 19. Obtained from https://www.history.com/news/the-mysterious-disappearance-of-flight-19
• Bermuda Triangle. (10/ November/ 2019). Obtained from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bermuda_Triangle
• The mystery of the Bermuda Triangle. ( 25/ April /2019). Obtained from https://www.iol.co.za/travel/world/north-america/the-mystery-of-the-bermuda-triangle-10689109
• Origins Of The Bermuda Triangle Myth. ( 24/ March/ 2013). Obtained from http://bernews.com/2013/03/origins-of-bermuda-triangle-myth/
• The 'Mystery' of the Bermuda Triangle. Obtained from http://www.unmuseum.org/triangle.htm
• George J. Bermuda Triangle. Obtained from https://www.britannica.com/place/Bermuda-Triangle
• Salles.T. (05/ december /2017). The Bermuda triangle, reality or myth?. Obtained from https://www.nationalgeographic.es/historia/triangulo-de-las-bermudas.

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A “Mythical” Tale of the Bermuda Triangle Essay

The Bermuda triangle is a place found in the Western region of the North Atlantic Ocean. It is also known as the Devil’s triangle (Winer 54). In this place, it is believed that a great number of surface vessels mysteriously disappeared. The disappearance of the vessels following the mysterious circumstances has popularly been said to be the doing of extraterrestrial beings.

However, the belief in the occurrence of the paranormal incidents has been discredited by present-day critiques that see the creation of the incidence as the work of some late authors. Documented evidence further illustrates that the incidents were embellished or exaggeratively reported by the authors of the time (Berg 24). Many who discredit this embellished work state that the occurrences at the Bermuda triangle are an occurrence that is in every way similar to those that occur in any other areas of the oceans in the world.

The triangle, as it is, occupies the Straits of Florida, the Bahamas, the whole area of the Caribbean island and the Atlantic east of the Azores. In most authored pieces, the triangle is familiarly indicated to point some place on the Atlantic coast of Miami. Apart from Miami, the triangle also covers San Juan, Puerto, and Rico plus the mid-Atlantic island of Bermuda. Most accidents have been reported to commonly occur along the southern boundary that borders the Bahamas and the Strait of Florida.

The Bermuda Triangle is one of the most frequently traveled shipping zones in the whole world. Many vessels pass through this area daily. The destinations of these vessels include America, Caribbean Island, and Europe. Various pleasure crafts move back and forth within the Bermuda region, and cruise ships make several voyages across it. This region is one of the most heavily crossed regions by transport vessels. Even private aircraft cross over the region frequently as they are headed for various regions of the world.

One research Librarian by the name Larry Kusche, who hails from the Arizona State University and is also the author of the book Bermuda Triangle Mystery Solved, reported that majority of the authors (including Gaddis and the other subsequent ones) gave very dubious and unsupported details about the events that occurred in the initial incident (Quasar 75).

The statements given by these authors contradict what the eyewitnesses said about the incident. There were also major inconsistencies from what authors like Berlitz accounted and what the real eyewitnesses and the participants in the unfortunate incident reported.

Larry affirms that very vital information about the real occurrences was never reported. One such event is the disappearance of one Dutchman by the name Donald Crowhurst. Berlitz had presented the event as a mystery of the Bermuda triangle. This information is contradictory to what was later revealed through evidence.

Another similar and fake tale by Berlitz is that of an ore-carrier. Berlitz stated that the carrier had mysteriously disappeared in the Pacific Ocean, but in actual sense, the vessel had disappeared in a region in the Pacific Ocean that bore the same name. Larry also accurately reiterated that a number of the occurrences (that brought the unfounded allegations of the Bermuda Triangle’s mysterious involvement) had occurred outside the Bermuda region (Kusche 67).

Apart from Larry Kusche’s discredit of the incidences that could have occurred at Bermuda, there are several respondents who continue to voice their dissatisfaction with the fabrication of the story of the Bermuda triangle. There is nothing unique about the area.

A UK TV channel was airing the program dubbed ‘The Bermuda Triangle.’ John Simmons of Geofilms hosted it. One marine insurer was questioned on whether an abnormal count of ships had sunk in the Bermuda region. However, the company’s head of operations clarified that this was not true. To further clarify this, the US coast Guards went on to reaffirm this fact. The Guards even went on to state that the number of ships that sink in this area does not even measure up to the number of ships that get to cross this region daily.

There are various explanations to the cause of the incidences at the Bermuda triangle. An example is the one that states that the occurrences are caused by technological leftovers (Berlitz 75). A submerged formation of rocks, also known as the Biminis, is also interrelated to the explanations of the ‘Bermuda mystery.’ Others have gone to the extent of attributing the occurrences to the appearance of aliens and Unseen Flying objects (UFOs).

There are also natural explanations that try to unfold this unexplained mystery. Most incidents and accidents at the area are always attributed to compass problems. Many have also explained that numerous cases of magnetic abnormalities have been reported to be rampant in the area around the triangle.

A fact that is well agreed upon by most navigators is that magnetic anomalies are a usual occurrence and compasses do have a natural magnetic variation. Geographers state that the magnetic north compass and the geographic north , also known as the true north, are only similar in a few cases and places (David 46).

A good example is that as of the year 2000 in the US. Only those regions situated on a line passing through Wisconsin up to the Gulf of Mexico had the same readings on the compass and the same geographic north indications. However, the public is very minimally informed about this fact concerning ‘unexpected changes’ experienced across the Bermuda stretch.

Another explanation for the Bermuda mystery is the Gulf Stream. The stream is a river within an ocean. Just like any other river, it can carry any floating body. The gulf has a surface velocity of close to 2.5 meters per second. A relatively small body such as a small aircraft landing on the Gulf surface can be easily carried downstream by the strong currents in this region of the ocean.

Another very popular concept is human error. Most losses or accidents occurring in this area and leading to the loss of lives or vessels have been widely attributed to human error. Apart from human error, weather conditions are not completely under human control. Powerful storms such as the hurricanes are common features that are characteristic to the Bermuda Triangle. Such strong storms have led to the loss of lives and have done great fiscal damages. The waters around the Bermuda triangle are never involved in the hurricanes.

One discrediting fact to the entire mythical tale of Bermuda is that there are no recent cases of ship or aircraft disappearance. This makes people wonder whether the area ceased being mysterious.

Works Cited

Berg, Daniel. Bermuda Shipwrecks . East Rockaway: Aqua Explorers, 2004. Print.

Berlitz, Charles. The Bermuda Triangle . New York: Doubleday, 1974. Print.

David, Martin. The Evidence for the Bermuda Triangle . Welling borough: Aquarian Press, 1984. Print.

Kusche, Larry. The Bermuda Triangle Mystery Solved . Buffalo: Prometheus Books, 1975. Print.

Quasar, Gian. Into the Bermuda Triangle: Pursuing the Truth behind the World’s Greatest Mystery . London: Ragged Mountain Press, 2003. Print.

Winer, Richard. The Devil’s Triangle. New York: Sage, 1974. Print.

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"A "Mythical" Tale of the Bermuda Triangle." IvyPanda , 3 May 2022, ivypanda.com/essays/bermuda-triangle/.

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IvyPanda . 2022. "A "Mythical" Tale of the Bermuda Triangle." May 3, 2022. https://ivypanda.com/essays/bermuda-triangle/.

1. IvyPanda . "A "Mythical" Tale of the Bermuda Triangle." May 3, 2022. https://ivypanda.com/essays/bermuda-triangle/.

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Free Research Paper About Bermuda Triangle

Type of paper: Research Paper

Topic: Triangle , Bermuda Triangle , Vehicles , Aviation , Disaster , Literature , Theory , Water

Words: 2750

Published: 02/09/2021

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History of Bermuda Triangle

Bermuda Triangle is a territory in the Atlantic Ocean, where sometimes ships or airplanes mysteriously disappear. The area is formed by lines from Bermuda to Florida, and then the second line goes to Puerto Rico and third one back to Bermuda. The area is very difficult to navigate: shoaling water is a common thing here, cyclones and storms often originate at the area of the Triangle. There are a lot of people who think that the mysterious events in this area do occur, putting forward various hypotheses to explain them - from weather conditions to alien abductions or residents of Atlantis. Skeptics, however, argue that the ships disappear in Bermuda Triangle no more often than in other areas of the oceans, and may be explained by natural causes. This opinion is shared by the US Coast Guard and the insurance company Lloyd's. The first time “mysterious disappearances” in Bermuda Triangle were talked of by Associated Press correspondent Jones. In 1950 he named the Triange “Sea Devil.” While the author of the phrase “Bermuda Triangle” is Vincent Gaddis; in 1964 he published the article “Deadly Bermuda Triangle” in a magazine devoted to spiritualism. In the late 60's and early 70’s of XX century a large number of articles and publications about the mysteries of the Bermuda Triangle were written. In 1974, Charles Berlitz, a supporter of the existence of anomalies in the Bermuda Triangle, published a book, “The Bermuda Triangle”, where he described different mysterious events in the area, the most often one is mysterious disappearances. The book became a bestseller, and after its publication the theory about unusual nature of the Bermuda Triangle became more popular than ever before. In the future, however, it has been shown that some of the facts set forth in the book Berlitz were wrong. In 1975, skeptic and realist, Lawrence David Kusche published his book, “The Bermuda Triangle: Mystery - Solved”, in which he argued that in the area occurred nothing supernatural or mysterious. This book is based on years of research documents and interviews with eyewitnesses who identified numerous factual errors and inaccuracies in the works of the supporters of the Bermuda Triangle existance.

Some accidents in Bermuda Triangle

Now we will concentrate on the most famous incidents in the Bermuda Triangle. Proponents of the theory mention the disappearance of about 100 large ships and planes in last century. In addition, there is information about disappearances of some vessels without technical problems, though they were abandoned by the crew, and other unusual events, such as the instantaneous disappearance in space, anomalies with time, and so on. Lawrence Kusche and several other authors have shown that many of these cases actually occurred outside of the Bermuda Triangle. Other cases were even not confirmed by information in the official sources.

The most famous case is mentioned in connection with the Bermuda Triangle, is the disappearance of the five-level torpedo bombers "Avenger". These aircrafts took off from the base of the naval forces of the USA in Fort Lauderdale on the 5th of December 1945 and did not return. Their fragments were not found. Traditional version of the mystery tells us that squadron, consisted of 14 experienced pilots, and disappeared for mysterious reasons during a routine flight in clear weather over the calm sea. It is also reported that in the radio communications with the base pilots allegedly talked about the unexplained failure of navigation equipment and unusual visual effects – it is believed that the pilots couldn’t determine the direction, that the ocean did not look as usual, that the planes were going down in the white water. After the disappearance of Avengers some other planes were sent to find them and one of them - seaplane "Martin Mariner" - also disappeared. According to Kusche squadron, actually, consisted of students who were carrying out training flights. Their instructor Lieutenant Taylor was only one experienced pilot, but he had recently been transferred to Fort Lauderdale and was not familiar with the area of flight. In the recorded radio transmissions there is nothing about any mysterious phenomena. Lieutenant Taylor reported that he had lost his bearings and both his compasses refused. Trying to determine the location, he mistakenly thought that the squadron was on the Florida Keys, south Florida, so he was asked to navigate by the sun and fly north. Subsequent analysis showed that the planes in fact might have been far to the east and flied to the north, moving parallel to the shore. Bad radio conditions (interference from other radio stations) prevented the determination of the exact position of the squadron. After a while, Taylor decided to fly to the west, but they failed to reach the coast, aircrafts ran out of fuel. Avengers’ crew was forced to try to land on the water. By this time it was night already, and the sea, according to the ships that were then in the area, was very rough. After it became known that a Taylor’s squadron was lost, other planes were sent to find them, including two “Martin Mariner”. According to Kusche, aircraft of this type have a disadvantage that the fuel vapors penetrate the cabin and only one spark is enough for explosion to occur. The captain of the tanker “Heine Mills” said that he watched the explosion and falling debris, and then found oil slick on the sea surface.

The aircraft C-119 with 9 crew members disappeared on June 5, 1965 in the Bahamas. The exact time and place of disappearance is unknown, and its search gave nothing. Although the disappearance of the aircraft during the flight across the Atlantic can be attributed to a variety of natural causes, this case is often associated with kidnapping by aliens. This theory is explained by the fact that at that day astronaut of Gemini 4 James McDivitt saw unknown flying object “with hands” that might be only shadows, though. The astronaut himself did not know what he had seen and refused to speculate on the matter.

Theories and speculations on Bermuda Triangle

So now we will try to find out the main theories explaining the mystery of Bermuda Triangle. We include in our list of theories both “scientific” and “non-scientific” explanations. Supporters of The Bermuda Triangle nominated dozens of different theories to explain those mysterious phenomena which, in their opinion, there occur. These theories include assumptions about the kidnapping of ships by aliens from outer space, or the inhabitants of Atlantis, moving through a hole in time, or faults in space and other paranormal causes. None of them have been confirmed. Other authors try to give a scientific explanation for this phenomenon. Some authors argue that reports of disappearances in the Bermuda Triangle are artificially exaggerated. Vessels, both ships and planes, were destroyed in other parts of the world, sometimes leaving no trace. Broken radio or sudden disaster prevents the crew from broadcasting SOS signal. Searching for debris in the sea is not easy, especially in a hurricane or when the place of accident is unknown. Taking into account heavy traffic in the Bermuda Triangle, frequent storms, hurricanes and cyclones, a large number of shoals, the huge number of accidents that happened here, and received no explanation, is not unusually large. In addition, a bad reputation of the Bermuda Triangle can “attract” the disaster, which in reality occurred far beyond. Such mistakes make additional artificial distortion in the statistics, and exaggerate the mystery. So we now try to figure out the main theories of disastrous character of Triangle.

Main speculations of Bermuda Triangle:

Methane emissions There are several hypotheses trying to explain the sudden destruction of ships and aircraft, one of them is the collapse of methane hydrate on the sea floor. According to this hypothesis, the water is formed in the large bubbles, which are methane-rich. These bubbles rise into the air, and methane can cause the crash, for example, due to lower air density, which leads to a decrease in lift and distort the altimeter. Also, methane in the air may cause the engine to stall. Some experiments really confirmed the possibility of fairly rapid (within ten seconds) ship sinking, if it is caught in the border gas release if the gas is released in one bubble, whose size is greater than or equal to the length of the vessel. However, it there remains an open question on such gas explosions. In addition, methane hydrate is also in other places in the world's ocean, but there barely happen any disasters.

Straying wave

It has been suggested that the cause of death of some ships in Bermuda Triangle, can be caused by straying (or wandering) wave, which may reach 30 meters. There is no much information about the nature of such waves, but there are several suggestions: 1) straying wave may be caused by some unknown structures that take the energy of common waves and create one really huge wave; 2) it may be just simple wave, which is rare and that is why it had not been known to the world before; 3)local territories with changed gravity.

The secret testing programs of government

The base called the Atlantic underwater testing and evaluation center (AUTEC) is situated in the area. The official aim of the company is to test sonars, submarines, and weapons. At the same time some people believe that the underwater base has another function. They think that here the government liaise with alien civilizations and make experiments with extraterrestrial technology and weapons.

UFOs or aliens

This theory states that alien cosmic ship is deep under the sea, and it is studying human race and human technology. Another variant of this theory is the existence of “gates” in the other world. And sometimes (no one knows when exactly) gates open, and ships or airplanes get there. This theory is maybe the most speculative – it is always easy to speculate on something you cannot prove or refute.

A compass in Bermuda Triangle indicates the true geographic pole, not magnetic

Bermuda Triangle is a special place on our planet - here compass shows true (geographic) not magnetic north. Usually sailors take into account this difference. But in areas where compasses work in different way, it is easy to get lost and descend on the reef. I will say some words about this theory, because it seems to be logical, but there is an obvious mistake. Usually sailors are to understand the difference of compass readouts and if they fail to do it they may get lost. But in Florida (and in Bermuda Triangle) this mistake is impossible, as magnetic pole, geographic pole and compass will be on the same line and there will be no difference.

Weather problems

The weather in Caribbean has always had a lot of surprises – when cold and warm masses of air collide, causing storms or hurricanes. And the Gulf Stream should also be taken into account. Altogether this is risky for all kinds of air and water transport. Contrary to legends, many of disasters occurred in extremely adverse weather conditions. Many tragedies may be explained by hurricanes, and often by well-known hurricanes, that were highlighted in the newspapers. This explanation is, in fact, not a speculation, but is rather logical one. Although, not all mysterious events may be explained by it.

The factor of human beings

The territory of the Bermuda Triangle is a wonderful and picturesque place. It attracts both experienced and inexperienced pilots and sailors. But regarding weather conditions, prompt currents and huge amount of twin-islands throughout the region, it is very easy to lose ones way, run aground or simply find no place to refuel. So this idea is rather simple – the area seems attractive to many people, but they fail to prepare for their trip and the probability of the tragedy becomes higher. This issue is actually not a separate theory, but an important addition to other more or less scientific theories. We suggested the most known speculations on the phenomenon of Bermuda Triangle. As we see many of them are really speculative – they try to explain the disappearances and tragedies there with sometimes ridiculous theories. But there also exist more scientific explanations, which seem to be more realistic. If it is possible, the researcher should gather sufficient information and then most disasters receive a logical explanation. It is difficult, for example, to call history with “Rubicon” (in 1944 an empty vessel without passengers and lifeboats was found in the Triangle) mysterious, if you know that in the harbor, where the ship stood was a hurricane. Nevertheless, with a few exceptions, only those catastrophes remain unexplained, on which it is impossible to find any information. In many cases, the most important circumstances of the disaster, and sometimes the catastrophe itself, are just fiction. At the same time, disappearances occurred in all regions of the ocean, and even over the land. Since 1850, between the states of New England and northern Europe about 200 ships disappeared or were abandoned by crews. Although the disappearance of ships and aircraft in the Bermuda Triangle receives more coverage in the press, "triangle" attributed to the disappearance that took place in other parts of the Earth. These include the case of the “Freya”, which was left by the crew in 1902 in the Pacific Ocean and the tragedy with “Globemaster in 1951, that fell not far from Ireland. If you mark on the globe all places of disappearances that are attributed to the Bermuda Triangle, it appears that they will be placed in an area that covers the Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico, and most of the North Atlantic. In this respect, the Bermuda Triangle is not unique.

Conclusions

So let us make some important conclusions on the situation with Bermuda Triangle. Some of the missing ships passed through the Bermuda Triangle, but there is no reason to claim that they have disappeared there. "Atalanta", for example, could go down anywhere between Bermuda and England. In many cases, the place of death of the aircraft or vessel was known very approximately, and, as it was necessary to investigate the vast areas of the ocean, the participants had to disperse their forces. E.g. the plane "Star Ariel" - it was only known that it had fallen between Bermuda and Jamaica. Many disasters were not considered mysterious, when they occurred, but became mysterious many years later, after the authors stumbled upon these catastrophes in search of new material of disappearances in the Bermuda Triangle. It is often difficult (even when you really want to) to find full details about an event that happened many years ago. Many of disasters on the water and in the air occurred late in the evening or at night, which is why visual search had to be postponed until the next morning. As a result, the ocean had time to scatter debris and hide the traces of the disaster. Many of the authors of articles about the Bermuda Triangle do not carry out independent research, but simply retold old articles, thus perpetuating errors and fabrications these old articles contain. In many cases, the authors of articles about the Bermuda Triangle deliberately suppressed information that could easily and simply explain disappearance. So I must say that the issue of Bermuda Triangle is a complete speculation. It was created by people who wanted to become famous by simply writing about something mysterious that cannot be explained by scientific methods. While in fact most of cases can be explained by science or there is still not enough information to make any conclusions.

Bibliography

Berlitz, Charles. 1974. The Bermuda Triangle. New York: Doubleday and Co. Gaddis, Vincent H. 1965. Invisible Horizons: True Mysteries of the Sea. Philadelphia: Chilton Books. Kusche, Lawrence D. 1975. The Bermuda Triangle Mystery— Solved. New York: Harper and Row. Berg, Daniel. 2000. Bermuda Shipwrecks. New York: Aqua Explorers. Gordon, Stuart. 1993. The Encyclopedia of Myths and Legends. London: Headline Books. Spencer, John Wallace. 1973. Limbo of the Lost. New York: Bantam Books. Landsburg, Alan. 1978. Secrets of the Bermuda Triangle. New York: Warner Books. Winer, Richard. 1974. The Devil's Triangle. New York: Bantam Books. Winer, Richard. 1977. From The Devil's Triangle to The Devil's Jaw. New York: Bantam Books. Elizabeth Nichols. 1975. The Devil's Sea. New York: Award Books.

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