class 10 science chapter 7 case study questions

Class 10 Science Case Study Questions PDF Download

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Are you searching for a comprehensive resource to improve your understanding and problem-solving skills in Class 10 Science? Look no further! In this article, we will explore the world of Class 10 Science case study questions and provide you with an opportunity to download a PDF resource containing a collection of case study questions designed specifically for this subject. Let’s dive in and enhance your knowledge!

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Table of Contents

CBSE Class 10th – SCIENCE: Chapterwise Case Study Question & Solution

Case study questions provide a practical and real-life context for applying scientific concepts and principles. These questions require you to analyze a given scenario, identify relevant information, and utilize your scientific knowledge to solve problems or draw conclusions. Case study questions assess your ability to think critically, make connections, and apply scientific principles in a practical setting.

Chapterwise Case Study Questions for Class 10 Science

To support your preparation for Class 10 Science examinations, we have created a comprehensive PDF resource containing a collection of case study questions designed specifically for this subject. This PDF includes a variety of case studies covering different topics in Physics, Chemistry, and Biology. It will provide you with ample practice opportunities to enhance your analytical and problem-solving skills.

• Case Study Questions for Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations
• Case Study Questions for Chapter 2 Acids, Bases, and Salts
• Case Study Questions for Chapter 3 Metals and Non-Metals
• Case Study Questions for Chapter 4 Carbon and Its Compounds
• Case Study Questions for Chapter 5 Periodic Classification of elements
• Case Study Questions for Chapter 6 Life Processes
• Case Study Questions for Chapter 7 Control and Coordination
• Case Study Questions for Chapter 8 How do organisms reproduce?
• Case Study Questions for Chapter 9 Heredity and Evolution
• Case Study Questions for Chapter 10 Light reflection and refraction
• Case Study Questions for Chapter 11 Human eye and colorful world
• Case Study Questions for Chapter 12 Electricity
• Case Study Questions for Chapter 13 Magnetic effects of current
• Case Study Questions for Chapter 15 Our Environment

The above  Case studies for Class 10 Science will help you to boost your scores as Case Study questions have been coming in your examinations. These CBSE Class 10 Science Case Studies have been developed by experienced teachers of schools.studyrate.in for the benefit of Class 10 students.

• Class 10th Maths Case Study Questions

Benefits of Case Study Questions

Engaging with case study questions in Class 10 Science offers several benefits. Let’s explore some of them:

• Real-life application: Case study questions allow you to apply scientific concepts to real-life situations, enhancing your understanding of their practical relevance.
• Critical thinking skills: Analyzing case studies promotes critical thinking by challenging you to evaluate information, identify patterns, and draw logical conclusions.
• Problem-solving abilities: Case study questions require you to identify problems, propose solutions, and make informed decisions based on scientific evidence.
• Holistic learning: By examining different aspects of a case, you gain a broader perspective on scientific concepts and their interconnections.
• Preparation for higher education: Case study questions prepare you for future academic pursuits by developing skills necessary for scientific research and analysis.

Understanding the Structure of Case Study Questions

Case study questions typically present a scenario or a problem related to a scientific concept. The questions may require you to analyze data, interpret graphs, or propose solutions based on the given information. It is important to read the case study carefully, identify key details, and understand the context before attempting to answer the questions.

Tips for Analyzing and Answering Case Study Questions

To effectively analyze and answer case study questions, consider the following tips:

• Read the case study thoroughly: Take your time to understand the scenario, paying attention to key details and any scientific concepts mentioned.
• Identify the problem or objective: Determine the main question or objective that the case study aims to address. This will guide your analysis and help you stay focused.
• Break down the questions: Carefully read each question and break it down into smaller parts. Identify the specific information or data required to answer each question accurately.
• Apply scientific knowledge: Utilize your understanding of scientific principles and concepts to analyze the case study. Make connections between the given information and relevant scientific theories.
• Support your answers: Whenever possible, support your answers with scientific evidence or reasoning. Refer to specific data, graphs, or concepts from the case study to justify your conclusions.

Subject-wise Approach to Case Study Questions

Let’s explore how to approach case study questions in the subjects of Physics, Chemistry, and Biology.

In Physics case study questions, focus on understanding the principles and laws governing the given scenario. Analyze the data provided and apply relevant formulas and concepts to solve the problem. Consider factors such as motion, forces, energy, and electrical circuits, depending on the context of the case study.

Chemistry case study questions often involve analyzing chemical reactions, properties of substances, or experimental data. Pay attention to the details of the case study, such as reactants, products, conditions, and observations. Apply your knowledge of chemical reactions, bonding, and periodic trends to interpret and solve the problem.

Biology case study questions revolve around biological processes, organisms, and ecological relationships. Analyze the provided information, such as species interactions, environmental factors, or experimental results. Apply your understanding of biological concepts, such as genetics, evolution, ecosystems, and cellular processes, to address the questions effectively.

Importance of Practicing Case Study Questions

Practicing case study questions in Class 10 Science is crucial for several reasons:

• Application of knowledge: Case study questions enable you to apply scientific knowledge to real-life situations, enhancing your understanding and practical skills.
• Analytical thinking: Regular practice of case study questions hones your analytical thinking skills by challenging you to analyze complex scenarios and make informed decisions.
• Comprehensive understanding: Engaging with case studies offers a holistic understanding of scientific concepts, allowing you to grasp their practical implications and interconnections.
• Exam preparation: Practicing case study questions familiarizes you with the question patterns and formats commonly seen in Class 10 Science examinations, boosting your confidence and performance.

Case study questions offer a valuable opportunity to apply scientific knowledge in practical contexts. By engaging with these questions, you can develop critical thinking, problem-solving, and analytical skills necessary for success in Class 10 Science. Remember to carefully analyze the case study, apply your scientific understanding, and justify your answers with relevant evidence. Regular practice of case study questions will greatly enhance your overall performance in examinations.

Where can I find Class 10 Science case study questions?

You can download a comprehensive PDF resource containing Class 10 Science case study questions from schools.studyrate.in This resource is specifically designed to provide you with ample practice material.

Why is practicing case study questions important for exam preparation?

Regular practice of case study questions enhances your ability to apply scientific knowledge in practical contexts, improving your analytical thinking and problem-solving abilities. This ultimately contributes to better performance in Class 10 Science examinations.

How should I approach Class 10 Science case study questions?

Read the case study carefully, identify the problem or objective, and analyze the given information. Apply your scientific knowledge to address the questions and support your answers with relevant evidence.

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Class 10 Science Chapter 7 Case Based Questions - How Do Organisms Reproduce

Case Study - 1

The sexual act always has the potential to lead to pregnancy. Pregnancy will make major demands on the body and the mind of the woman, and if she is not ready for it, her health will be adversely affected. Therefore, many ways have been devised to avoid pregnancy.

Q1: What are the different methods to prevent pregnancy? Ans: Uses of contraceptive such as condoms, pills, copper -T and surgical methods. Q2: What are the surgical methods to prevent pregnancy? Ans: Tubectomy in females and vasecotomy in males. Q3: Why the female sex ratio is declining day by day? Ans: Due to female foeticides by doing illegal sex selective abortion of female foetuses. Q4: Which contraceptive methods have large side effects? Ans:  Oral pills and by changing the hormonal balance leads to high side effect. Q5: Why should one have the knowledge about sexual act and the disease causing by it? Ans:  To stay healthy and free free from sexually transmitted disease one should be aware of the disease cause by bacteria and viruses such as gonorrhoea, syphilis and HIV- AIDS.

Case Study - 2

Chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell contain information for inheritance of features from parents to next generation in the form of DNA (Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid) molecules. The DNA in the cell nucleus is the information source for making proteins. If the information is changed, different proteins will be made. Different proteins will eventually lead to altered body designs. Therefore, a basic event in reproduction is the creation of a DNA copy. Cells use chemical reactions to build copies of their DNA.

Q1: What is the importance of variation? Ans: Variation is important for the survival of species over time. Variation make the species resistant to the changing environment and hence, it make easy for their survival. Q2: Which mode of reproduction does not show much variation? Ans:  Generally, asexual reproduction show less variation which includes budding, fragmentation, fission etc. Q3: What are the different modes of reproduction of single celled organism? Ans: Fission, fragmentation, Budding  and regeneration. Q4: What are the features of sexual reproduction? Ans:  It includes both the parents to produce offsprings and DNA copy is a crucial part of it. Q5: Which mode of reproduction is better and why? Ans:  Sexual reproduction is better than asexual reproduction as the chances of survival of the species is higher in sexual reproduction.

Case Study - 3

There are many plants in which parts like the root, stem and leaves develop into new plants under appropriate conditions. Unlike in most animals, plants can indeed use such a mode for reproduction. This property of vegetative propagation is used in methods such as layering or grafting to grow many plants like sugarcane, roses, or grapes for agricultural purposes

Q1: What are the advantages of vegetative propagation? Ans:  All plants that are produced by such method are genetically similar to their parent and have all its characteristics. easy, less expensive and a fast method. Q2: Give a example of vegetative propagation through buds? Ans: Bryophyllum Q3: What is tissue culture? Ans: New plants are grown first in suitable artificial medium and then placing it in the soil to grow into mature plants. Q4: What is grafting? Ans: New plants are grown by joining a scion(upper portion of plant) to a stock of other plants in such a manner that they get united to each other. Example: Roses Q5: What are the examples of layering? Ans:  Jasmine or Grapevine.

Case Study - 4

The reproductive parts of angiosperms are located in the flower. You have already studied the different parts of a flower – sepals, petals, stamens and pistil. Stamens and pistil are the reproductive parts of a flower which contain the germ-cells.The flower may be unisexual (papaya, watermelon) when it contains either stamens or pistil or bisexual (Hibiscus, mustard) when it contains both stamens and pistil.

Q1: What is the male reproductive parts of flower? Ans:  Stamen is the male reproductive part of flower and it consist of anther and filament. Q2: What are the different part of pistil? Ans:  Stigma, style and ovary. Q3: What is pollination? Ans: The transfer of pollen grains from the stamen to the stigma of flower is called pollination. Q4: Where does fertilization occur in flower? Ans: The fertilization takes place inside the ovule. Q5: What are the two types of pollination? Ans:  Self pollination and cross pollination.

Case Study - 5

When a girl is born, the ovaries already contain thousands of immature eggs. On reaching puberty, some of these start maturing. One egg is produced every month by one of the ovaries. The egg is carried from the ovary to the womb through a thin oviduct or fallopian tube. The two oviducts unite into an elastic bag-like structure known as the uterus. The uterus opens into the vagina through the cervix.

Q1: What is fertilization? Ans:  The fusion of male gametes(sperms) and the female gametes(egg) to form zygote is called fertilization. Q2: Where does fertilization occur? Ans: Fertilization occur in the oviduct or Fallopian tube. Q3: What is placenta? Ans: It is an special tissue which provide nutrition from mother’s blood to developing embryo. Q4: What are the different parts of female reproductive system? Ans: Fallopian tube, ovary, uterus, vagina and cervix. Q5: What happens when egg is not fertilized? Ans: If the egg is not fertilized, the thick lining of uterus is not needed. So, it breaks slowly and comes out through vagina as blood and vagina, which is called as menstruation.

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• CBSE Class 10 Study Material

Important Case Study Questions for CBSE Class 10 Science Exam 2024 with Answers

Download case study questions for class 10 science to prepare for the cbse board exam 2024. these multiple choice type questions with answers are published by the cbse board to provide sample questions to students..

CBSE Class 10 Science Case Study Questions 2024: Get here the questions based on case studies to practise for the CBSE Class 10 Science exam 2024. The CBSE Class 10 Science Question Bank on Case Studies, provided in this article, can be very helpful for understanding how the source based or case based questions are asked in the board exam. This question bank is published by the CBSE Board itself which makes it a very reliable source for the board exam preparations. Each question has five sub-questions with each followed by four options and a correct answer. Students can easily download these sample questions in PDF format and refer to the same for their exam preparations.

Note: Check the reduced CBSE Syllabus for Class 10 Science for 2024 Exam and then practise the case study questions accordingly for the CBSE Class 10 Board Exam 2024.  

Important*  Important Last Minute Tips and Resources for CBSE Class 10 Science Exam 2024

SCIENCE- Class X

Sample Case Studies

1. Read the following and answer any four questions from 1.1 to 1.5:

Marble’s popularity began in ancient Rome and Greece, where white and off-white marble were used to construct a variety of structures, from hand-held sculptures to massive pillars and buildings.

1.1 The substance not likely to contain CaCO 3 is

a) Dolomite

b) A marble statue

c) Calcined gypsum

d) Sea shells.

Answer: c) Calcined gypsum

1.2 A student added 10g of calcium carbonate in a rigid container, secured it tightly and started to heat it. After some time, an increase in pressure was observed, the pressure reading was then noted at intervals of 5 mins and plotted against time, in a graph as shown below. During which time interval did maximum decomposition took place?

a) 15-20 min

b) 10-15 min

c) 5-10 min

Answer: d) 0-5 min

1.3 Gas A, obtained above is a reactant for a very important biochemical process which occurs in the presence of sunlight. Identify the name of the process -

a) Respiration

b) Photosynthesis

c) Transpiration

d) sphotolysis

Answer: b) Photosynthesis

1.4 Marble statues are corroded or stained when they repeatedly come into contact with polluted rain water. Identify the main reason.

a) decomposition of calcium carbonate to calcium oxide

b) polluted water is basic in nature hence it reacts with calcium carbonate

c) polluted water is acidic in nature hence it reacts with calcium carbonate

d) calcium carbonate dissolves in water to give calcium hydroxide.

Answer: c) polluted water is acidic in nature hence it reacts with calcium carbonate

1.5 Calcium oxide can be reduced to calcium, by heating with sodium metal. Which compound would act as an oxidizing agent in the above process?

b) sodium oxide

d) calcium oxide

Answer: d) calcium oxide

2. Read the following and answer any four questions from 2.1 to 2.5:

The reaction between MnO2 with HCl is depicted in the following diagram. It was observed that a gas with bleaching abilities was released.

2.1 The chemical reaction between MnO 2 and HCl is an example of:

a) displacement reaction

b) combination reaction

c) redox reaction

d) decomposition reaction

Answer: c) redox reaction

2.2 Chlorine gas reacts with _______ to form bleaching powder.

a) dry Ca(OH) 2

b) dil. solution of Ca(OH) 2

c) conc. solution of Ca(OH) 2

Answer: a) dry Ca(OH) 2

2.3 Identify the correct statement from the following:

a) MnO 2 is getting reduced whereas HCl is getting oxidized

b) MnO 2 is getting oxidized whereas HCl is getting reduced.

c) MnO 2 and HCl both are getting reduced.

d) MnO 2 and HCl both are getting oxidized.

Answer: a) MnO 2 is getting reduced whereas HCl is getting oxidized

2.4 In the above discussed reaction, what is the nature of MnO 2 ?

a) Acidic oxide

b) Basic oxide

c) Neutral oxide

d) Amphoteric oxide

Answer: b) Basic oxide

2.5 What will happen if we take dry HCl gas instead of aqueous solution of HCl?

a) Reaction will occur faster.

b) Reaction will not occur.

c) Reaction rate will be slow.

d) Reaction rate will remain the same.

Answer: b) Reaction will not occur.

Also, check below other important study material released by the CBSE Board:

CBSE Class Maths Case Study Questions for All Chapters (Published by CBSE)

MCQs for Class 10 English Footprints without Feet (Published by CBSE)

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CBSE Class 10 Science Case Study Questions Download Free PDF

If you are looking for the CBSE Class 10 Science Case Study Questions in PDF, then you are in the right place. CBSE 10th Class Case Study for the Science Subject is available here. These Case studies can help the students to solve the different types of questions that are based on the case study.

CBSE Board will be asking case study questions based on Science subjects in the upcoming board exams. Thus, it becomes an essential resource to study. 

The Science Subject case study for class 10th covers a wide range of chapters from the Science. Students willing to score good marks in their board exams can use it. The questions are highly interactive and it allows students to use their thoughts and skills to solve such kinds of questions.

Case Study Questions Class 10 Science

In board exams, students will find the questions based on assertion and reasoning . Also, there will be a few questions based on case studies. In that, a paragraph will be given, and then the MCQ questions based on it will be asked.

• Case Study Questions for Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations
• Case Study Questions for Chapter 2 Acids, Bases, and Salts
• Case Study Questions for Chapter 3 Metals and Non-Metals
• Case Study Questions for Chapter 4 Carbon and Its Compounds
• Case Study Questions for Chapter 5 Periodic Classification of elements
• Case Study Questions for Chapter 6 Life Processes
• Case Study Questions for Chapter 7 Control and Coordination
• Case Study Questions for Chapter 8 How do organisms reproduce?
• Case Study Questions for Chapter 9 Heredity and Evolution
• Case Study Questions for Chapter 10 Light reflection and refraction
• Case Study Questions for Chapter 11 Human eye and colorful world
• Case Study Questions for Chapter 12 Electricity
• Case Study Questions for Chapter 13 Magnetic effects of current
• Case Study Questions for Chapter 15 Our Environment

The above  Case studies  for CBSE Class 10 Science will help you to score good marks in the Case Study questions that have been coming in your examinations. These CBSE Class 10 Science Case Study have been developed by experts of cbseexperts.com   for benefit of Class 10 students.

Class 10 Science Assertion and Reason Questions

Case Study Type Questions in Science Class 10

Case Study Type Questions in Science Class 10 include the information or data. Students willing to solve them are required to read the passage carefully and then solve them. While solving the paragraph the ideal way is to highlight the key information or given data.

Because later it will ease them to write the final answers. Science Case study type questions consist of 4 to 5 questions that should be answered in an MCQ manner. 

While reading the paragraph students will get the clue in between about the possible answer of the question. They should definitely highlight those questions. This is the best way to solve such kind of Case study Type Questions.

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NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science chapter-7 Control and Coordination

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NCERT Solutions for class-10 Science Chapter 7 Control and Coordination is prepared by senior and renown teachers of Physics Wallah primary focus while solving science questions of class-10 is NCERT textbook, Read the theory of this chapter and try to understand the meaning and then after start writing the questions given in class-10 NCERT textbook for the chapter 7.  NCERT Solutions are accessible in PDF format on Physics Wallah.com. Here all chapter lists with detailed examples for NCERT Solution for Class 10 Science.

Answer The Following Question.

1. What is the difference between a reflex action and walking?

Solution : Difference between reflex action and walking:

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2. What happens at the synapse between two neurons?

Solution : A very small gap that occurs between the last portion of axon of one neuron and the dendron of the other neuron is known as a synapse. It acts as a one way valve to transmit impulses in one direction only. This uni-direction transfer of impulses occurs as the chemicals are produced in only one side of the neuron i.e., the axon's side. From axon, the impulses travel across the synapse to the dendron of the other neuron.

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3. Which part of the brain maintains posture and equilibrium of the body?

Solution : Cerebellum, a part of hindbrain is responsible for maintaining posture and equilibrium of the body.

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4. How do we detect the smell of an agarbatti (incense stick)?

Solution : The thinking part of our brain is the forebrain. It has separate areas that are specialized for hearing, smelling, sight, taste, touch, etc. The forebrain also has regions that collect information or impulses from the various receptors. When the smell of an incense stick reaches us, our forebrain detects it. Then, the forebrain interprets it by putting it together with the information received from other receptors and also with the information already stored in the brain.

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5. What is the role of brain in reflex action?

Solution : Reflex actions are sudden responses, which do not involve any thinking. For example, when we touch a hot object, we withdraw our hand immediately without thinking as thinking may take time which would be enough to get us burnt. The sensory nerves that detect the heat are connected to the nerves that move the muscles of the hand. Such a connection of detecting the signal from the nerves (input) and responding to it quickly (output) is called a reflex arc. The reflex arcs —connections present beween the input and output nerves — meet in a bundle in the spinal cord.

Reflex arcs are formed in the spinal cord and the information (input) reaches the brain. The brain is only aware of the signal and the response that has taken place. However, the brain has no role to play in the creation of the response.

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6. What are plant hormones?

Solution : Plant hormones or phytohormones arenaturally-occurring organic substances. These are synthesized in one part of the plant body (in minute quantities) and are translocated to other parts when required. The five major types of phytohormones are auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, abscisic acid, and ethylene.

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7. How is the movement of leaves of the sensitive plant different from the movement of a shoot towards light?

Solution : Difference between movement of leaves of sensitive plants and movement of shoot towards light :

8. Give an example of a plant hormone that promote growth.

Solution : Auxin promotes growth of cells.

9. How do auxins promote the growth of a tendril around a support?

Solution : When tendrils come in contact of any support, the part of the tendril in contact does not grow as rapidly as the part away from the object due to auxin secreted moves away from the object in contact. This rapid growth on one side causes tendril to circle around the object.

10. Design an experiment to demonstrate hydrotropism.

Solution : Take a tin box with hole at bottom. Fill it with moist saw dust. Sow some gram seeds in it. Keep the tin box in tilted position. When seeds start germinating, water the saw dust only in lower side of the tin box. You will observe that the radicle move towards the wet saw dust. This shows that root is positively hydrotropic.

11. How does chemical coordination take place in animals?

Solution : The chemical coordination is maintained by hormones. These are secreted by endocrine glands. These hormones are poured into blood through which they reach the target tissue or organ to act.

12. Why is the use of iodised salt advisable?

Solution : Iodine is necessary for the thyroid gland to make thyroxin hormone. In case, iodine is absent in our diet, there is a possibility of Goitre. Iodised common salt contains proper content of iodine. To avoid deficiency of iodine, iodised salt is recommended.

13. How does our body respond when adrenaline is secreted into the blood?

Solution : When adrenaline reaches the various target organ through blood. All these organs respond together to enable our body to deal with situation like running away from scary situation. When adrenaline reaches the heart, it beats faster to supply more oxygen to our muscles. The small arteries around digestive system and skins contracts to divert the blood towards muscles. All these response enable our body to deal with situation.

14. Why are some patients of diabetes treated by giving injections of insulin?

Solution : Diabetes is caused due to non or less secretion of hormone insulin by pancreas. In such person, the blood sugar level is high. Insulin converts extra sugar present in blood into glycogen. Patients suffering from diabetes are given insulin injection to control their blood sugar level.

15. Which of the following is a plant hormone?

(a) Insulin

(b) Thyroxin

(c) Oestrogen

(d) Cytokinins

Solution : (d) Cytokinin.

16. The gap between two neurons is called a

(a) Dendrite

(b) synapse

(d) impulse

Solution : (b) Synapse.

17. The brain is responsible for

(a) thinking

(b) regulating the heartbeat.

(c) balancing the body

(d) all of above.

Solution : (d) All the above.

18. What is the function of receptors in our body? Think of situation where receptors do not work properly. What problems are likely to arise?

Solution : Receptors detect all the information from our environment. These receptors are located in our sense organs. In case any of the receptors do not work properly we will not be able to perceive that particular information.

19. Draw the structure of a neuron and explain its function.

Solution : Neuron acquires particular information through dendrite located on its cell body. This information is then passed on to the axon. Finally, axon ending passes the information into next neuron at the synapse. As soon as the impulse reaches the dendrite, an electrical impulse is generated due to certain chemical changes in neuron. When the impulse reaches axon ending some chemicals released which pass on the impulse to next neuron. These chemicals are known as neurotransmitters.

20. How phototropism does occur in plants?

Solution : Movement of shoot towards light is called phototropism. This movement is caused due to more growth of cells towards the shaded side of the shoot as compared to the side of shoot towards light. More growth of cells is due to secretion of auxin towards the shaded side.

21. Which signals will get disrupted in case of a spinal cord injury?

(i) Reflex action

(ii) Impulses from various body parts will not conducted to brain.

(iii) Message from brain will not be conducted to various organs.

22. How does chemical coordination occurs in plants?

Solution : In animals, control and coordination occur with the help of nervous system. However, plants do not have a nervous system. Plants respond to stimuli by showing movements. The growth, development, and responses to the environment in plants is controlled and coordinated by a special class of chemical substances known as hormones. These hormones are produced in one part of the plant body and are translocated to other needy parts. For example, a hormone produced in roots is translocated to other parts when required. The five major types of phytohormone are auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, abscisic acid, and ethylene. These phytohormones are either growth promoters (such as auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, and ethylene) or growth inhibitors such as abscisic acid.

23. What is the need for a system of control and coordination in an organism?

Solution : The maintenance of the body functions in response to changes in the body by working together of various integrated body systems is known as coordination. All the movements that occur in response to stimuli are carefully coordinated and controlled. In animals, the control and coordination movements are provided by nervous and muscular systems. The nervous system sends messages to and away from the brain. The spinal cord plays an important role in the relay of messages. In the absence of this system of control and coordination, our body will not be able to function properly. For example, when we accidentally touch a hot utensil, we immediately withdraw our hand. In the absence of nerve transmission, we will not withdraw our hand and may get burnt.

24. How are involuntary actions and reflex actions different from each other?

Solution : Difference between involuntary and reflex actions is as follows:

25. Compare and contrast nervous system and hormonal control and coordination in animals.

Solution : Difference between nervous control and hormonal control:

26. What is the difference between the manner in which movement’s takes place in a sensitive plant and movement in our legs?

Solution : Difference between movement in a sensitive plant and movement in our legs:

 Recomended Books for CBSE Class 10th Board Exams

Chapter Wise NCERT Solutions of Class-10 Science

Chapter 1 Chemical Reaction and Equations

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Control and Coordination Class 10 Important Questions with Answers Science Chapter 7

July 14, 2022 by Bhagya

We have given these  Important Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 7 Control and Coordination to solve different types of questions in the exam. Previous Year Questions & Important Questions of Control and Coordination Class 10 Science Chapter 7 will help the students to score good marks in the board examination.

Important Questions of Control and Coordination Class 10 Science Chapter 7

Question 1. Which is the largest and most prominent part of the brain? (Board Term I, 2013) Answer: Cerebrum is the largest and most prominent part of the brain.

Question 3. Write the main functions of the following : (a) sensory neuron (b) cranium (c) vertebral column (d) motor neuron. (Board Term I, 2017) Answer: (a) Sensory neuron occur in sense organs and receive stimuli through their dendrites. The sensory neurons transmit impulses towards the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) with the help of their axons. (b) Cranium : The bones of cranium or brain box protect the brain from mechanical injury. (c) Vertebral column : Major function of the vertebral column is protection of the spinal cord and carries the weight of the upper body. (d) Motor neuron: The dendrites of these neurons synapse with axons of interneurons in central nervous system. They transmit impulses from central nervous system towards effectors (muscles or glands). The latter respond to stimuli.

Question 4. Why does the flow of signals in a synapse from axonal end of one neuron to dendritic end of another neuron take place but not in the reverse direction? Explain. (AI 2019) Answer: At the synapse, (functional junction between neurons) axon terminal comes in close proximity to the dendron terminal of next neuron. Axon terminal is expanded to form pre-synaptic knob and the other dendrite terminal forms post- synaptic depression.

In between the two, lies a narrow fluid filled space called synaptic cleft. As the nerve impulse reaches the pre-synaptic knob, the synaptic vesicles get stimulated to release neurotransmitter in the synaptic cleft. The neurotransmitter molecules diffuse across the gap to come in contact with post-synaptic membrane. In this way, nerve impulse passes across the minute gap to stimulate dendron of other neuron. The synapse acts as a one-way valve to conduct impulse in one direction only. This is so because chemical substance called neurotransmitter is secreted only on one side of the gap, i.e., on axon’s side. It carries impulse across the synapse and passes it to the dendron of the other neuron. In this way, impulses travel across the neurons only in one direction, i.e., from axon of one neuron to dendron of other neuron through a synapse.

Question 5. “Reflex arcs continue to be more efficient for quick responses”. Justify this statement giving reason. (Board Term I, 2017) Answer: Reflex action is an automatic and spontaneous response to a stimulus. The pathway taken by nerve impulses and responses in a reflex action is called a reflex arc. It consists of receptor, sensory nerve (afferent), spinal cord, motor nerve (efferent) and effector (muscles or glands). Reflex arc is evolved in animals because the thinking process of the brain is not fast enough. Reflex arc enables the body to give quick responses to harmful stimuli so that chances of damage to body are decreased. It also prevents overloading of brain, so prevents its fatigue. Many animals have very little or none of the complex neuron network needed for thinking. So, it is likely that reflex arc has evolved as an efficient way of functioning in the absence of true thought processes. However, even after complex neuron networks have came into existence, reflex arcs continue to be more efficient for quick responses.

Question 6. (a) Define reflex arc. (b) Trace the sequence of events which occur in our body when a bright light is focussed on your eyes. (Board Term I, 2016) Answer: (a) The pathway taken by the nerve impulses in a reflex action, from receptor organ to spinal cord and back to effector organ of reflex action is called reflex arc. Receptor organ could be a sense organ such as eyes, skin, etc., and effector organ could be muscles, glands, etc.

(b) When a bright light is focussed on eye, receptor cell receives the stimulus and an impulse is generated. This impulse is passed on to sensory neuron, then it goes to brain, brain sends the impulse to the motor neuron which contracts the pupil. Sequence of events can be summarised as : Photoreceptors in eye → Sensory (Receptor) neuron → Brain → Motor (Effector) neuron → Eye muscle → Constriction of pupils

(b) (i) Forebrain which includes cerebrum, olfactory lobes and diencephalon, is the main thinking part of the brain. (ii) Cerebellum, part of hindbrain is responsible for maintaining the posture and balance of the body.

Question 8. Mentioh three major regions of brain. Write one function of each. (Board Term I, 2014) Answer: Brain is divided into three main regions forebrain, midbrain and hindbrain. (i) Forebrain consists of cerebrum, olfactory lobes and diencephalon. Its main function is thinking and controlling various activities such as touch, smell, hearing, speech and sight. (ii) Midbrain controls reflex movements of the head, neck and trunk in response to visual and auditory stimuli. (iii) Hindbrain has three centres called pons, cerebellum and medulla. This part is responsible for regulating respiration, maintaining posture and balance of body and controlling involuntary actions such as heartbeat, breathing, swallowing, coughing, sneezing, vomiting, etc.

Question 9. State one example of chemotropism. (Board Term I, 2015) Answer: Growth of pollen tube towards the ovule due to chemical stimulus during the process of fertilisation in a flower is an example of chemotropism.

Question 10. What is meant by tropic movements? (Board Term I, 2013) Answer: Directional movements or orientations of specific part of a plant in response to external stimuli are called tropisms or tropic movements.

Question 11. State the two types of movements seen in plants. Give one example of each type. (Board Term I, 2016) Answer: Two types of movements seen in plants are: (i) Nastic movements are movements independent of growth that are non-direclional and occur due to turgor changes, e.g., closing of leaves in response to touch stimulus in ‘touch me not’ plant. (ii) Tropic movements or tropism are movements due to growth, that are directional and very slow, e.g., movement of a part of the plant in response to light.

Question 13. What are plant hormones? Name the plant hormones responsible for the following : (i) Growth of stem (ii) Promotion of cell division (iii) Inhibition of growth (iv) Elongation of cells (Delhi 2019) Answer: Plant hormones or phytohormones are chemical substances produced naturally in plants and capable of translocation and regulating one or more physiological processes when present in low concentration. These are also known as plant growth substances or plant growth regulators.

The plant hormones responsible for different functions are as follows: (i) Growth of stem : Gibberellins (Gibberellic acid) promote growth in stems. (ii) Promotion of cell division : Cytokinins promote cell division in plants. (iii) Inhibition of growth : ABA (Abscisic acid) promotes dormancy in seeds as well as in buds and thus inhibits growth. (iv) Elongation of cells : Auxin and cytokinin both cause cell elongation.

Question 14. Define phototropism. Name the plant hormone which is responsible for phototropism. (Board Term I, 2016) Answer: Phototropism is the movement of a part of the plant in response to light. Shoots generally grow towards light and are said to be positively phototropic, while roots grow away from light and are said to be negatively phototropic. The growth movement of the plant part (stem) is caused by the action of auxin hormone. Auxin causes cell elongation. Thus, causing growth of stem towards the light stimulus.

Question 15. (a) What are phytohormones? List four types of phytohormones. Where are these hormones synthesised? (b) What happens when a growing plant detects light? Explain in brief. (Board Term I, 2017) Answer: (a) Phytohormones are chemical substances produced naturally in plants and are capable of translocation and regulating one or more physiological processes when present in low concentration. Plant hormones help to coordinate growth, development and responses to the environment. Plant hormones are also known as plant growth substances or plant growth regulators. Types of hormone and their site of synthesis are as follows:

(b) Plants respond to light by showing growth movement towards light (phototropism). This growth movement of the plant part (stem) is caused by the action of auxin hormone. The auxin hormone is synthesised in the meristematic tissue at the tip of the stem. Auxin diffuses uniformly down the stem in plants that are kept in the open and receive sunlight from above. Due to presence of auxin equally on both the sides, the stem grows up straight because both the sides of the stem show growth at the same place. But when sunlight is unidirectional, auxin- gets accumulated towards the shady region of (he shoot. This causes the cells to elongate and stem to bend towards light.

Question 16. List the sequences of events that occur when a plant is exposed to unidirectional light, leading to bending of a growing shoot. Also name the hormone synthesised and the type of movement that takes place. (Board Term I, 2016) Answer: Refer to answer 15 (b).

Answer question numbers 18 to 21 on the basis of your understanding of the following information and related studied concepts : Thyroid gland is a bilobed structure situated in our neck region. It secretes a hormone called thyroxine. Iodine is necessary for the thyroid gland to make thyroxine. Thyroxine regulates carbohydrates, protein and fat metabolism in the body. It promotes growth of body tissues also. When there is an excess of thyroxine in the body, a person suffers from hyperthyroidism and if this gland is underactive it results in hypothyroidism. Hyperthyroidism is diagnosed by blood tests that measure the levels of thyroxine and Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH). Hypothyroidism is caused due to the deficiency of iodine in our diet resulting in a disease called goitre. Iod;sed salt can be included in our diet to control it.

Question 18. Where is thyroid gland situated? Answer: Thyroid gland is situated in our neck region.

Question 19. State the function of thyroxine in human body. Answer: Thyroxine regulates carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism in the body. It promotes growth of body tissues also.

Question 20. What is hyperthyroidism? Answer: Hyperthyroidism occurs when there is excess of thyroxine in the body.

Question 21. How can we control hypothyroidism? (2020) Answer: Hypothyroidism can be controlled by using iodised salt.

Question numbers 22 to 25 are based on table given below. Study the table in which the levels of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) in women are given and answer the questions that follow on the basis of understanding of the following paragraph and the related studied concepts :

Women are at greater risk for developing abnormal TSH levels during menstruation, while giving birth and after going through menopause. Around 5% of women in the United States have some kind of thyroid problem compared to 3% of men. Despite claims that high TSH increases your risk for heart disease, a 2013 study found no link between high TSH and heart diseases. But a 2017 study showed that older women are especially at risk for developing thyroid cancer if they have high TSH levels along with thyroid nodules.

Question 22. A 35 years old woman has TSH level 6.03 mU/L. What change should she bring in her diet to control this level? Answer: (a) A 35 year old woman with TSH level 6.03 mU/L means she is suffering hypothyroidism. Iodised salt can be included in her diet to control it.

Question 23. When do women face a greater risk of abnormal TSH level? Answer: Women are at greater risk for developing abnormal TSH levels during menstruation, while giving birth and after going through menopause.

Question 24. State the consequence of low TSH level. Answer: The low TSH level means that there is an excess of thyroxine (hyperthyroidism) in the body secreted by thyroid gland. So, the pituitary gland starts producing less TSH.

Question 25. Name the mineral that is responsible for synthesis of hormone secreted by thyroid gland. (2020) Answer: Thyroid gland makes a hormone called thyroxine, which contains iodine.

Question numbers 26 to 29 are based on the table and related information in the passage given below: Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) stimulates thyroid gland to produce thyroxine. Study the table given below. Table : TSH levels during pregnancy

It is important to monitor TSH levels during pregnancy. High TSH levels and hypothyroidism can especially affect chances of miscarriage. Therefore, proper medication in consultation with a doctor is required to regulate/control the proper functioning of the thyroid gland.

Question 26. Give the full form of TSH. Answer: The full form of TSH is Thyroid Stimulating Hormone.

Question 27. State the main function of TSH. Answer: TSH stimulates thyroid gland to produce thyroxine.

Question 28. Why do TSH levels in pregnant women need to be monitored? Answer: TSH levels in pregnant women need to be monitored as high TSH levels and hypothyroidism can increase chances of miscarriage.

Question 29. A pregnant woman has TSH level of 8.95 mU/L. What care is needed for her? (2020) Answer: A pregnant women with high TSH level needs proper medication in consultation with a doctor to control the proper functioning of thyroid gland.

Question 30. A squirrel is in a scary situation. Its body has to prepare for either fighting or running away. State the immediate changes that take place in its body so that the squirrel is able to either fight or run. (2020) Answer: When squirrel is in a scary situation then its nervous system stimulates the adrenal glands to secrete more adrenaline hormone into blood.

This adrenaline hormone increases heartbeat, breathing rate, blood flow into muscles and causes liver to put more stored glucose into its blood. All these actions of adrenaline hormone produces a lot of energy in squirrel’s body. In this way, squirrel prepares itself for fighting or running away action.

Question 31. Why is chemical communication better than electrical impulses as a means of communication between cells in a multicellular organisms? (2020) Answer: In animals, the message communicated in the form of nerve impulses, from receptors to central nervous system and from latter to effectors is very quick. But nerve impulses can reach only those animal cells which are connected by the nervous tissue. These cells after generation and transmission of nerve impulses, take sometime to reset their mechanism before a new impulse is generated and transmitted. It means, cells cannot continuously generate and transmit electrical impulses. This is the reason most multicellular organisms use another means of communication called chemical communication. In chemical communication information spreads out throughout the body by blood and its effects lasts longer. Chemical communication is however slow but it can reach all the cells of body regardless of nervous connections.

Question 32. A cheetah, on seeing a prey moves towards him at a very high speed. What causes the movement of his muscles? How does the chemistry of cellular components of muscles change during this event? (2020) Answer: The cheetah senses its prey by photoreceptors and the information is sent to the central nervous system. The response is then carried by neurons. Along with nervous system, the hormonal system also plays a role. Adrenaline hormone produced by the adrenal glands triggers the flight or fight action. On seeing a prey, these hormones are released into the cheetahs blood stream. It speeds up heartbeat, breathing increases blood flow into leg muscles and causes liver to put more stored glucose into cheetahs blood. All these actions of adrenline hormone produces a lot of energy which helps cheetah to run fast.

Question 33. Name the hormones secreted by the following endocrine glands and specify one function of each: (a) Thyroid (b) Pituitary (c) Pancreas. (2018) Answer: (a) Thyroid gland secrete three hormones : thyroxine (T 4 ), triiodothyroxine (T 3 ) and calcitionin. Thyroxine and triiodothyronine maintain the basal metabolic rate (BMR) of the body by regulating the rate of oxidation of carbohydrates, fats and proteins and production of energy in our body. They promote growth of body tissues and development of mental faculties.

Calcitonin regulate the concentration of calcium and phosphorus in the blood. (b) Pituitary secretes following hormones :

• Growth hormone (GH) or somatotropic hormone controls the overall development of body, muscles, bones and tissues.
• Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) controls growth and functions of thyroid gland.
• Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulates adrenal cortex to secrete cortisol hormone.
• Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) in males, stimulates sperm formation and in females, development of follicle cells into mature eggs.
• Luteinising hormone (LH) stimulates secretion of testosterone in males and estrogen and progesterone in females.
• Prolactin hormone (PRL) responsible for growth of mammary glands and milk production in females.
• Melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH) stimulates the synthesis of melanocytes.
• Oxytocin stimulates lactation after child birth.
• Vasopressin regulates water balance in body fluids.

(c) Pancreas secretes following hormones : (i) Insulin regulates the conversion of glucose to glycogen, i.e., it lowers the blood glucose level. (ii) Glucagon is responsible for regulation of glycogen to glucose, i.e., increase blood glucose level.

Question 34. (a) How does chemical coordination take place in animals? (b) It is advised to use iodised salt. Give reason. (Board Term 1, 2017) Answer: (a) The endocrine system consists of specialised glands (endocrine glands) which brings about control by sending chemical messengers termed hormones. These glands secrete hormones directly into the blood. Flormones reach the target organs via blood and regulate the activities of these organs, thus coordinating the functioning of living organisms and also their growth.

(b) Iodine is necessary for the making of thyroxine hormone by thyroid gland. Therefore, deficiency of iodine in the diet can cause deficiency of thyroxine hormone in the body.

Question 35. (a) An old man is advised by his doctor to take less sugar in his diet. Name the disease from which the man is suffering. Mention the hormone due to imbalance of which he is suffering from this disease. Which endocrine gland secretes this hormone? (b) Name the endocrine gland which secretes growth hormone. What will be the effect of the following on a person (i) deficiency of growth hormone (ii) excess secretion of growth hormone? (Board Term I, 2016) Answer: (a) Old man who is advised by his doctor to take less sugar in his diet is suffering from diabetes mellitus that occurs due to imbalance of insulin hormone. Endocrine part of islets of Langerhans in pancreas secrete insulin hormone.

(b) Growth hormone (GH) or somatotropic hormone (SH) is secreted by pituitary gland. Effect of the following on a person: (i) Deficiency of growth hormone (hypoactivity) causes dwarfness. (ii) Excess secretion of growth hormone (hyperactivity) causes excessive growth of bones making the person very tall (gigantism).

Question 36. Name the hormone required for the following. Also mention the name of endocrine gland from which that hormone is secreted: (a) Lowering of blood glucose. (b) Development of moustache and beard in human males. (c) Metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins. (Board Term I, 2015) Answer: (a) The hormone that lowers blood sugar level is insulin. The function of insulin hormone is to lower the blood sugar level (or blood glucose level, i.e., it controls the metabolism of sugar. It is secreted by the endocrine part of pancreas called islets of Langerhans. (b) Testes secretes the male sex hormone called testosterone, which is responsible for development of male sex organs and male features such as deeper voice, moustache, beard and body hair. (c) Thyroxine hormone is synthesised by thyroid gland. Thyroxine controls the rate of metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins.

Question 37. (a) Complete the following table:

(b) List three characteristics of animal hormones. (Board Term I, 2015) Answer: (a) (i) Functions of thyroxine hormone is regulation of carbohydrates, protein and fat metabolism. (ii) Gland that secretes growth hormone is pituitary gland. (iii) Function of insulin is to regulate the conversion of glucose to glycogen, i.e., it lowers blood glucose level.

(b) Three characteristics of animal hormones are: (i) Hormones are synthesised by endocrine glands and secreted directly into the blood stream. (ii) They are produced at a place other than the site of action. They travel through blood and have specific action on a specific target organ. (iii) Chemically the hormones may be peptides, proteins, amines or steroids.

Question 38. List in tabular form three differences between nervous control and chemical control. (Board Term I, 2013) Answer: Differences between nervous control and chemical control are as follows:

Question 39. A gland secretes a particular hormone. The deficiency of this hormone in the body causes a particular disease in which the blood sugar level rises. (i) Name the gland and the hormone secreted by it. (ii) Mention the role played by this hormone. (iii) Name the disease caused due to deficiency of this hormone. (Board Term I, 2013) Answer: (i) Pancreas secretes insulin hormone. (ii) Insulin regulates the conversion of glucose to glycogen, i.e., it lowers blood glucose level. (iii) Deficiency of insulin hormone causes diabetes mellitus.

Question 40. (a) Name one organ each where growth hormone is synthesised in man and plant. (b) List the sequence of events that occur when a plant is exposed to unidirectional light, leading to bending of a growing shoot. Also name the hormone and the type of movement. (Board Term I, 2014) Answer: (a) In man, growth hormone is synthesised by pituitary gland which is present below the brain. Growth hormone controls the growth of human body. In plants, auxins promote the plant growth. Auxins are produced by growing apices of the stems and roots. They migrate to the regions of their action, and initiate cell division and cell elongation.

(b) (i) When a plant is exposed to unidirectional light, the shoot tips synthesise phytohormone called auxin. (ii) Auxins slowly diffuse towards the shady side. (iii) As auxins help the plant to grow, cells on the shady side grow longer than the ones which are exposed to light. (iv) Hence, causing the plant to bend towards light. This type of movement caused due to hormone auxin is called phototropism. Shoots generally grow towards the light hence show positive phototropism and roots grow away from light and show negative phototropism.

Very Snort Answer Type Question [1 Mark] -Year 2015

41.Why is it advised to use iodised salt in our diet ? Answer. Iodine stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroxin hormone. Deficiency of this hormone results in the enlargement of the thyroid gland. This can lead to goitre.

Short Answer Type Questions[ll] [3 Marks] -Year 2015

42.State how concentration of auxin stimulates the cells to grow longer on the side of the shoot which is away from light ? Answer. When light falls on the side of the shoot auxin diffuses towards the shady side of the shoot. This concentration of the auxin stimulates the cell to grow longer on the side of the shoot which is away from light. Thus plant appears to bend towards light.

43. What is synapse ? In a neuron cell how is an electrical impulse created and what is the role of synapse in this context ? Answer. A synapse is the gap between the two neurons. Here the axon terminal of one neuron is in close proximity to the dendrite of the second neuron. When a nerve impulse reaches the knob like nerve ending of an axon, a tiny amount of a chemical substance is released in the synapse. This chemical substance is called as the neurotransmitter. At synapse the electrical signals converted into chemicals, that can easily cross over the gap and pass on to the next neurons where it again converted into electrical signals.

CBSE Class 10 Science – More Resources

Very Short Answer Type Question [1 Mark]- Year 2014

44. Give an example of a plant hormone that promotes its growth. Where it is synthesized ? Answer. Plant hormone that promotes growth is auxin. It is synthesized at the tip of the plant stem.

Short Answer Type Question [I] [2 Marks] – Year 2014

45.(i) Name the hormones that are released in human males and females when they reach puberty. (ii) Name a gland associated with brain. Which problem is caused due to the deficiency of the hormone released by this gland ? Answer. (i) Testes in males produces hormone testosterone. Ovaries in females produces hormone oestrogen. (ii)Pituitary gland present in the brain is responsible for body growth, development of bones and muscles (if excess-gigantism) (if less-dwarfism).

Short Answer Type Questions[ll] [3 Marks] – Year 2014

46.Write one example each of the following tropic movements : (i) Positive phototropism (ii) Negative phototropism (iii) Positive geotropism (iv) Negative geotropism (v) Hydrotropism (vi) Chemotropism Answer. (i) Positive phototropism: shoots growing towards light. (ii)Negative phototropism: roots growing away from light towards ground. (iii) Positive geotropism: growth of roots towards earth due to the pull of the earth. (iv)Negative geotropism: shoots growing away from the earth. (v) Hydrotropism: roots growing towards the source of water. (vi)Chemotropism: growth of pollen tubes towards the ovules.

Long Answer Type Questions [5 Marks] – Year 2014

47.(a) Name the hormone which is released into the blood when its sugar level rises. Explain the need of Chemical communication in multicellular organisms the organ which produces this hormone and its effect on blood sugar level. Also mention the digestive enzymes secreted by this organ with one function of each. (b) Explain the need of Chemical communication in multicellular organisms. Answer. (a) Glucose is needed by cells for respiration. It is important that the concentration of glucose in the blood is maintained at a constant level. Insulin is a hormone produced by the a-cells that regulates glucose levels in the blood. In order for multicellular organisms to function properly, their cells must communicate. For instance, your muscles must contract when your brain sends a message to contract. Pancreas produces insulin and p-cells which increase glucose in blood. It also – produces digestive enzyme (pancreatic amylase). (b) Cell-to-cell signaling is a critical component of coordinating cellular activities. Through this communication, messages are carried from signaling cells to receiving cells, also known as target cells. This signaling occurs with proteins and other types of signaling molecules. Other things which happens in our body due to cell communication are – growth and development, cellular reproduction, tissue repair, sensing pain, etc.

Very Short Answer Type Question [1 Mark] -Year 2013

48.State the function of: (i) gustatory receptors, and (ii) olfactory receptors. Answer. (i) Gustatory receptors – these are sensitive to taste (ii) Olfactory receptors – these are sensitive to smell.

Short Answer Type Questions[ll] [3 Marks] -Year 2013

49.(a) Explain any three directional movements in plants. (b) How brain and spinal cord are protected in human ? (c) Name the master gland present in the brain. Answer. (a) Stimuli is responsible for the movement of the plant parts towards or away from it. This movement is called as Tropic Movement. Phototropism: movement of plant towards or away from the light. Geotropism: movement of plant parts towards the earth or away from it. Hydrotropism: movement of plant parts towards or away from any source of water. (b) Both the brain and the spinal cord are protected by bone: the brain by the bones of the skull and the spinal cord is protected by a set of ring-shaped bones called vertebrae. They are both cushioned by layers of membranes called meninges as well as a special fluid called cerebrospinal fluid. This fluid helps to protect the nerve tissue to keep it healthy, and remove waste products. (c) Pituitary gland present in the brain is known as the master gland.

Very Short Answer Type Questions [1 Mark] -Year 2012

50. Name the part of the brain which controls posture and balance of the body. Answer.Cerebellum in hind-brain controls the posture and balance of the body.

51. Mention the part of the body where gustatory and olfactory receptors are located. Answer. Gustatory receptors are located in Cerebrum of fore-brain. Olfactory receptors are located in Olfactory lobe of fore-brain.

52. Smita’s father has been advised by a doctor to reduce his sugar intake.

• Name the disease he is suffering from and name the hormone whose deficiency is? ,
• Identify the gland that secretes it and mention the function of this hormone.
•  Explain how the time and amount of secretion of this hormone is regulated in human system.
•  He is suffering from diabetes. Deficiency of insulin causes diabetes.
• Pancreas secretes insulin. Insulin helps in regulating blood sugar.
• When the sugar level in blood increases, it is detected by the a-cells of the pancreas which responds by producing more insulin. As the blood sugar level falls, insulin secretion is reduced.

53.State the functions of plant hormones. Name four different types of plant hormones. Answer. Plant hormones help to coordinate growth, development and responses in environment. Four different types of plant hormones are – Auxins, Gibberellins, Cytokinins, Ethylene and Abscisic acid.

• Auxins control the tropic (growth related) movements of the plants in response to light, gravity, touch etc by increasing the size of cells. Under the influence of auxins, the plant stem bends towards unidirectional light where as the roots bend away from it.
• Gibberellins stimulate stem elongation and leaf expansion. Its application causes stem elongation in small plants such as cabbage. Spraying gibberellins on sugarcane plant increases the stem size and hence the yield.
• Cytokinins are produced in regions of the plant body where rapid cell division occur, such as root tips, developing shoot buds, young fruits and seeds. Cytokinins promote growth by stimulating cell division. They also help in production of new leaves and chloroplasts in leaves.
• Ethylene causes ripening of the fruits.
• Abscisic acid inhibits (i.e., slows down) the growth in different parts of the plant body. It also inhibits germination of seeds. It increases the tolerance of plant to different kinds of stresses such as temperature changes. So, it is also called the stress hormone in plants. It also causes the drying and falling of older leaves, flowers and fruits.

54.(a) How is brain protected from injury and shock? (b) Name two main parts of hind brain and state the functions of each. Answer. (a) Brain is covered by a three layered membrane called meninges. In between the layers of meninges and brain, cavity fluid named Cerebro Spinal Fluid (CSF) is filled. The hard skull covers the meninges. Thus Meninges, CSF and Skull protects our brain for a certain extent. (b) Two main parts of hind-brain are — Medulla and Cerebellum. Their functions are: Medulla : Involuntary actions such as blood pressure, salivation and vomiting. Cerebellum : It is responsible for precision of voluntary actions and maintaining the posture and balance of the body.

55.(a) Which plant hormone is present in greater concentration in the areas of rapid cell division? (b) Give one example of a plant growth promoter and a plant growth inhibitor. Answer. (a) Cytokinin is present in greater concentration in the areas of rapid cell division. (b) An example of a plant growth promoter is gibberellins and example of a plant growth inhibitor is abscisic acid.

Short Answer Type Questions[ll] [3 Marks] -Year 2011

56.Which organ secretes a hormone when bloo’d sugar rises in our body? Name the hormone and name one enzyme released by this organ. Answer.Pancreas secretes a hormone when blood sugar rises in our body. Insulin is the hormone released by this organ and the name of the enzyme is pancreatic juice.

57.(a) Explain how auxins help in bending of plant stem towards light. (b) State the objective of the experiment for which experimental set-up is shown in the given diagram. Answer. (a) In plant shoots, the role of auxin is to cause a positive phototropism, i.e. to grow the plant towards the light. When light is incident on a plant from one direction, it causes the auxins to redistribute towards the shaded side of the plant. One function of auxin is to cause cell elongation. The redistribution causes the cells on the shaded side to elongate more than those on the side with the light shining on them. This causes the shoot to bend towards the light. (b) The objective of the experiment is to show phototropic movement of plant.

58.What causes a tendril to encircle or coil around the object in contact with it is? Explain the process involved. Answer. When a tendril comes in contact with any support, the part of the tendril in contact with the object does not grow as rapidly as the part away of the tendril away from the object. This cause the tendril to circle around the object and thus, cling to it.

59. Name any three endocrine glands in human body and briefly write the function of each of them. Answer.Three endocrine glands with their function in human body are as follows:

• Thyroid gland : It secretes a hormone called thyroxine which regulates the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins in the body and so provide the best balance for nutrients and mental ability.
• Adernal gland : It secretes two hormones—adrenalin and corticoid hormones regulate blood pressure, heartbeat, breathing rate and carbohydrate metabolism.
•  Pancreas: It secretes two hormones—insulin and glucagon. Insulin hormone lowers the blood glucose level. Glucagon hormone increases the blood glucose level.

60. Which part of the brain controls involuntary actions? Write the function of any two regions of it. Answer. Hind-brain controls the involuntary actions. Cerebellum controls the coordination of body movement and posture. Medulla oblongata regulates center for swallowing, coughing, sneezing and vomiting.

61. What is chemotropism? Give one example. Name any two plant hormones and mention their functions. Answer. Chemotropism is the movement of a part of the plant in response to a chemical stimulus. It can be positive chemotropism or negative chemotropism. Example: The growth of pollen tube towards a chemical which is produced by an ovule during the process of fertilisation in a flower. Two plant hormones with their functions are as follows: Auxins promote cell elongation, root formation, cell division, respiration and other physiological processes like protein synthesis, etc. Gibberellins stimulate stem elongation, seed germination and flowering.

62. State the functions of any three of the structural and functional unit of nervous system. Answer. The structural and functional unit of nervous system, i.e. neuron with their functions are as

• Cell body: Stimulus received from dendrite is changed into impulse in the cyton.
• Dendrites: They receive sensation or stimulus, which may be physical or chemical.
• Axon: It conducts impulse away from the cell body.

63. What are ‘hormones’? State one function of each of the following hormones: (i) Thyroxine (ii) Insulin Answer. Hormones are the chemical substances which coordinate and control the activities of living organisms and also their growth. The term hormone was introduced by Bayliss and Starling. (i) Function of Thyroxine: This hormone regulates the metabolism of carbohydrates and fats. (ii) Function of insulin: This hormone helps in regulating sugar level in the blood.

64. What is the function of receptors in our body? Think of situation where receptors do not work properly. What problems are likely to arise? Answer. Receptors are present in our all parts of the body for example in skin, eye, nose tongue etc. They detect the signals and then send them to brain in the form of electrical signals. If these receptors are damaged then it they will not detect the input which leads to the harm for our body in dangerous situation.

Very Short Answer Type Questions [1 Mark] -Year 2010

65. How is the spinal cord protected in the human body? Answer.Spinal cord is enclosed in a bony cage called vertebral column.

66. A potted plant is made to lie horizontally on the ground. Which part of the plant will show (i) positive geotropism? (ii) negative geotropism? Answer. (i) Root (ii) Shoot.

67. Mention the function of the hind-brain in humans. Answer.Hind brain controls respiration, cardio-vascular reflexes and gastric secretions. It also modulates the motor commands initiated by the cerebrum.

68. Mention the function of adrenaline hormone. Answer. Adrenaline hormone is released into the blood from the adrenal gland during stimulation of the nervous system on seeing any adverse situation of fight or fright, it:

• increases the blood pressure.
• increases heart beat rate.
• increases breathing rate.
• diverts blood to essential organs including the heart, brain and skeletal muscles by dilating their blood vessels and constricting those of less essential organs, such as the skin and digestive system.

Short Answer Type Questions[l] [2 Marks] -Year 2010

69. Name, the two main organs of our central nervous system. Which one of them plays a major role in sending command to muscles to act without involving thinking process? Name the phenomenon involved. Answer.The two main organs of CNS are brain and spinal cord. Spinal cord plays a major role in sending command to muscles to act without involving thinking process. This phenomenon is called reflex action.

70.Name the hormone secreted by human testes. State its functions. Answer. Testes secrete male sex hormone called testosterone. The function of testosterone is to regulate male accessory sex organs and secondary sexual characters like moustache, beard and voice.

71.Name and explain the function of the hormone secreted by the pituitary gland in humans. Answer. Hormones secreted by pituitary gland alongwith their functions are:

• Grpwth hormone: It regulates growth and development ofbones and muscles.
• Trophic hormone: It regulates secretion of hormones from other endocrine glands.
•  Prolactin hormone: It regulates the function of mammary glands in females.
•  Vasopressin hormone: It regulates water and electrolyte balance in the body,
• Oxytocin hormone : It regulates ejection of milk during lactation.

Short Answer Type Questions[ll] [3 Marks] -Year 2010

72.What is a reflex action? Describe the steps involved in a reflex action. Answer. Reflex action: Jt is defined as an unconscious, automatic and involuntary response of effectors, i.e. muscles and glands, to a stimulus, which is monitored through the spinal cord. Mechanism of reflex action : It involves the following steps:

• Receptor organ like skin perceives the stimulus and activates a sensory nerve impulse.
• Sensory organ carries message in the form of sensory impulse to the spinal cord.
• The spinal cord acts as modulator : The neurons of spinal cord transmit the sensory nerve impulse to motor neuron.
• Motor never conducts these impulses to the effectors like leg muscles which responds by pulling back the organ away from the harmful stimulus.

Very Short Answer Type Questions [1 Mark] -Year 2009

73. A young green plant receives sunlight from one direction only. What will happen to its shoots ? Answer. Shoots will bend towards the light and roots away from the light.

74. Name the plant hormones which help/promote (i) cell division (ii) growth of the stem and roots? Answer. The plant hormones which help or promote: (i) Cell division — Cytokinins ii) Growth of the stem — Gibberellins

75. What is the function of thyroxine hormone in our body ? jlMluK r Answer. Thyroxine hormone regulates the carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism in the body so as to provide the best growth balance.

76. Name two tissues that provide control and coordination in multicellular animals. Answer. The two tissues that provide control and coordination in multicellular animals are nervous and muscular tissues.

77. Which one of the following actions on touch is an example of chemical control? (i) Movement on the touch-sensitive plant. (ii) Movement in human leg. Answer. (i) Movement on the touch-sensitive plant.

Short Answer Type Questions[l] [2 Marks] -Year 2009

78.What are ‘nastic’ and ‘curvature’ movements? Give one example of each. Answer. Nastic movements: These are non-directional movements which are neither towards nor away from the stimulus. Example: Dropping of leaves. Curvature movements: In such movements plant organs move towards or away from the stimulus. Example: Bending of shoot towards a source of light.

79.Write the name and functions of any two parts of the human hind-brain. Answer.Any two parts of human hind-brain with their functions are as follows: (i) Cerebellum, which controls the coordination ofbody movement and posture. (ii) Medulla oblongata, which regulates the centre of swallowing, coughing, sneezing and vomiting.

80. What are plant hormones? Write two important functions of auxin. Answer. Plant hormones can be defined as a chemical substance which is produced naturally in plants and are capable of translocation and regulating one or more physiological processes when present in low concentration. . Two important functions of auxin are that it promotes cell elongation, root formation, cell division, etc.

Short Answer Type Question[ll] [3 Marks] -Year 2009

81.(a) Name the two main constituents of the Central Nervous System in human beings. (b) What is the need for a system of control and coordination in human beings? Answer.(a) The two main constituents of the Central Nervous System in human beings are the brain and the spinal cord. (b) A living being does not live in isolation. It has to constantly interact with its external environment and has to respond properly for its survival. For example; when a hungry lion spots a deer, the lion has to quickly make a move so that it can have its food. On the other hand, the deer needs to quickly make a move to run for its life. The responses which a living being makes in relation to external stimuli are controlled and coordinated by a system; especially in complex animals. So, control and coordination . is essential in maintaining a state of stability and a steady state between the internal conditions of an organism and the external environment.

NCERT Solutions for Class 10

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Extra Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 7 Control And Coordination

Get extra questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 7 Control And Coordination with PDF. Our subject expert prepared these solutions as per the latest NCERT textbook. These extra questions will be helpful to revise the important topics and concepts. You can easily download all the questions and answers in PDF format from our app.

Control And Coordination Class 10 Science Extra Questions with Answers

Question 1: Why is it advised to use iodised salt in our diet?

Answer: Iodine stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroxin hormone. Deficiency of this hormone results in the enlargement of the thyroid gland. This can lead to goitre.

Question 2: Give an example of a plant hormone that promotes its growth. Where it is synthesized?

Answer: Plant hormone that promotes growth is auxin. It is synthesized at the tip of the plant stem.

Question 3: State the function of: (i) gustatory receptors, and (ii) olfactory receptors.

Answer: (i) Gustatory receptors – these are sensitive to taste (ii) Olfactory receptors – these are sensitive to smell.

Question 4: Name the part of the brain which controls posture and balance of the body.

Answer: Cerebellum in hind-brain controls the posture and balance of the body.

Question 5: Mention the part of the body where gustatory and olfactory receptors are located.

Answer: Gustatory receptors are located in Cerebrum of fore-brain. Olfactory receptors are located in Olfactory lobe of fore-brain.

Question 6: Smita’s father has been advised by a doctor to reduce his sugar intake. a) Name the disease he is suffering from and name the hormone whose deficiency is? b) Identify the gland that secretes it and mention the function of this hormone. c) Explain how the time and amount of secretion of this hormone is regulated in human system.

Answer: a) He is suffering from diabetes. Deficiency of insulin causes diabetes.

b) Pancreas secretes insulin. Insulin helps in regulating blood sugar.

c) When the sugar level in blood increases, it is detected by the a-cells of the pancreas which responds by producing more insulin. As the blood sugar level falls, insulin secretion is reduced.

Question 7: State the functions of plant hormones. Name four different types of plant hormones.

Answer: Plant hormones help to coordinate growth, development and responses in environment. Four different types of plant hormones are – Auxins, Gibberellins, Cytokinins, Ethylene and Abscisic acid.

(i) Auxins control the tropic (growth related) movements of the plants in response to light, gravity, touch etc by increasing the size of cells. Under the influence of auxins, the plant stem bends towards unidirectional light whereas the roots bend away from it.

(ii) Gibberellins stimulate stem elongation and leaf expansion. Its application causes stem elongation in small plants such as cabbage. Spraying gibberellins on sugarcane plant increases the stem size and hence the yield.

(iii) Cytokinins are produced in regions of the plant body where rapid cell division occur, such as root tips, developing shoot buds, young fruits and seeds. Cytokinins promote growth by stimulating cell division. They also help in production of new leaves and chloroplasts in leaves.

(iv) Ethylene causes ripening of the fruits.

(v) Abscisic acid inhibits (i.e., slows down) the growth in different parts of the plant body. It also inhibits germination of seeds. It increases the tolerance of plant to different kinds of stresses such as temperature changes. So, it is also called the stress hormone in plants. It also causes the drying and falling of older leaves, flowers and fruits.

Question 8: (a) How is brain protected from injury and shock? (b) Name two main parts of hind brain and state the functions of each.

Answer: (a) Brain is covered by a three layered membrane called meninges. In between the layers of meninges and brain, cavity fluid named Cerebro Spinal Fluid (CSF) is filled. The hard skull covers the meninges. Thus Meninges, CSF and Skull protects our brain for a certain extent.

(b) Two main parts of hind-brain are — Medulla and Cerebellum. Their functions are: Medulla: Involuntary actions such as blood pressure, salivation and vomiting. Cerebellum: It is responsible for precision of voluntary actions and maintaining the posture and balance of the body.

Question 9: (a) Draw the structure of neuron and label cell body and axon. (b) Name the part of neuron: (i) where information is acquired (ii) through which information travels as an electrical impulse.

Answer: (a)

(b) (i) Dendrite (ii) Axon

Question 10: (a) Which plant hormone is present in greater concentration in the areas of rapid cell division? (b) Give one example of a plant growth promoter and a plant growth inhibitor.

Answer: (a) Cytokinin is present in greater concentration in the areas of rapid cell division.

(b) An example of a plant growth promoter is gibberellins and example of a plant growth inhibitor is abscisic acid.

Question 11: How is the spinal cord protected in the human body?

Answer: Spinal cord is enclosed in a bony cage called vertebral column.

Question 12: A potted plant is made to lie horizontally on the ground. Which part of the plant will show (i) positive geotropism? (ii) negative geotropism?

Answer: (i) Root (ii) Shoot.

Question 13: Mention the function of the hind-brain in humans.

Answer: Hind brain controls respiration, cardio-vascular reflexes and gastric secretions. It also modulates the motor commands initiated by the cerebrum.

Question 14: Mention the function of adrenaline hormone.

Answer: Adrenaline hormone is released into the blood from the adrenal gland during stimulation of the nervous system on seeing any adverse situation of fight or fright, it:

• increases the blood pressure.
• increases heart beat rate.
• increases breathing rate.
• diverts blood to essential organs including the heart, brain and skeletal muscles by dilating their blood vessels and constricting those of less essential organs, such as the skin and digestive system.

Question 15: A young green plant receives sunlight from one direction only. What will happen to its shoots?

Answer: Shoots will bend towards the light and roots away from the light.

Question 16: Name the plant hormones which help/promote (i) cell division (ii) growth of the stem and roots?

Answer: The plant hormones which help or promote: (i) Cell division — Cytokinins ii) Growth of the stem — Gibberellins

Question 17: What is the function of thyroxine hormone in our body?

Answer: Thyroxine hormone regulates the carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism in the body so as to provide the best growth balance.

Question 18: Name two tissues that provide control and coordination in multicellular animals.

Answer: The two tissues that provide control and coordination in multicellular animals are nervous and muscular tissues.

Question 19: (i) Name the hormones that are released in human males and females when they reach puberty.

(ii) Name a gland associated with brain. Which problem is caused due to the deficiency of the hormone released by this gland?

Answer: (i) Testes in males produces hormone testosterone. Ovaries in females produces hormone oestrogen.

(ii) Pituitary gland present in the brain is responsible for body growth, development of bones and muscles (if excess-gigantism) (if less-dwarfism).

Question 20: Name the two main organs of our central nervous system. Which one of them plays a major role in sending command to muscles to act without involving thinking process? Name the phenomenon involved.

Answer: The two main organs of CNS are brain and spinal cord. Spinal cord plays a major role in sending command to muscles to act without involving thinking process. This phenomenon is called reflex action.

Question 21: Name the hormone secreted by human testes. State its functions.

Answer: Testes secrete male sex hormone called testosterone. The function of testosterone is to regulate male accessory sex organs and secondary sexual characters like moustache, beard and voice.

Question 22: Name and explain the function of the hormone secreted by the pituitary gland in humans.

Answer: Hormones secreted by pituitary gland along with their functions are:

• Growth hormone: It regulates growth and development of bones and muscles.
• Trophic hormone: It regulates secretion of hormones from other endocrine glands.
• Prolactin hormone: It regulates the function of mammary glands in females.
• Vasopressin hormone: It regulates water and electrolyte balance in the body,
• Oxytocin hormone: It regulates ejection of milk during lactation.

Question 23: What are ‘nastic’ and ‘curvature’ movements? Give one example of each.

Answer: Nastic movements: These are non-directional movements which are neither towards nor away from the stimulus. Example: Dropping of leaves.

Curvature movements : In such movements plant organs move towards or away from the stimulus. Example: Bending of shoot towards a source of light.

Question 24: Write the name and functions of any two parts of the human hind-brain.

Answer: Any two parts of human hind-brain with their functions are as follows: (i) Cerebellum, which controls the coordination of body movement and posture. (ii) Medulla oblongata, which regulates the centre of swallowing, coughing, sneezing and vomiting.

Question 25: What are plant hormones? Write two important functions of auxin.

Answer: Plant hormones can be defined as a chemical substance which is produced naturally in plants and are capable of translocation and regulating one or more physiological processes when present in low concentration. Two important functions of auxin are that it promotes cell elongation, root formation, cell division, etc.

Question 26: State how concentration of auxin stimulates the cells to grow longer on the side of the shoot which is away from light?

Answer: When light falls on the side of the shoot auxin diffuses towards the shady side of the shoot. This concentration of the auxin stimulates the cell to grow longer on the side of the shoot which is away from light. Thus, plant appears to bend towards light.

Question 27: What is synapse? In a neuron cell how is an electrical impulse created and what is the role of synapse in this context?

Answer: A synapse is the gap between the two neurons. Here the axon terminal of one neuron is in close proximity to the dendrite of the second neuron. When a nerve impulse reaches the knob like nerve ending of an axon, a tiny amount of a chemical substance is released in the synapse. This chemical substance is called as the neurotransmitter. At synapse the electrical signals converted into chemicals, that can easily cross over the gap and pass on to the next neurons where it again converted into electrical signals.

Question 28: Draw neat diagram of human brain and label on it the following parts: (i) Midbrain (ii) Pituitary gland

Question 29: Write one example each of the following tropic movements: (i) Positive phototropism (ii) Negative phototropism (iii) Positive geotropism (iv) Negative geotropism (v) Hydrotropism (vi) Chemotropism

Answer: (i) Positive phototropism: shoots growing towards light. (ii) Negative phototropism: roots growing away from light towards ground. (iii) Positive geotropism: growth of roots towards earth due to the pull of the earth. (iv) Negative geotropism: shoots growing away from the earth. (v) Hydrotropism: roots growing towards the source of water. (vi) Chemotropism: growth of pollen tubes towards the ovules.

Question 30: (a) Explain any three directional movements in plants. (b) How brain and spinal cord are protected in human? (c) Name the master gland present in the brain.

Answer: (a) Stimuli is responsible for the movement of the plant parts towards or away from it. This movement is called as Tropic Movement.

• Phototropism: movement of plant towards or away from the light.
• Geotropism: movement of plant parts towards the earth or away from it.
• Hydrotropism: movement of plant parts towards or away from any source of water.

(b) Both the brain and the spinal cord are protected by bone: the brain by the bones of the skull and the spinal cord is protected by a set of ring-shaped bones called vertebrae. They are both cushioned by layers of membranes called meninges as well as a special fluid called cerebrospinal fluid. This fluid helps to protect the nerve tissue to keep it healthy, and remove waste products.

(c) Pituitary gland present in the brain is known as the master gland.

Question 31: List in tabular form differences between nervous system and endocrine system.

Question 32: Which organ secretes a hormone when blood sugar rises in our body? Name the hormone and name one enzyme released by this organ.

Answer: Pancreas secretes a hormone when blood sugar rises in our body. Insulin is the hormone released by this organ and the name of the enzyme is pancreatic juice.

Question 33: Explain how auxins help in bending of plant stem towards light.

Answer: In plant shoots, the role of auxin is to cause a positive phototropism, i.e. to grow the plant towards the light. When light is incident on a plant from one direction, it causes the auxins to redistribute towards the shaded side of the plant. One function of auxin is to cause cell elongation. The redistribution causes the cells on the shaded side to elongate more than those on the side with the light shining on them. This causes the shoot to bend towards the light.

Question 34: What causes a tendril to encircle or coil around the object in contact with it is? Explain the process involved.

Answer: When a tendril comes in contact with any support, the part of the tendril in contact with the object does not grow as rapidly as the part away of the tendril away from the object. This cause the tendril to circle around the object and thus, cling to it.

Question 35: Name any three endocrine glands in human body and briefly write the function of each of them.

Answer: Three endocrine glands with their function in human body are as follows:

 Thyroid gland: It secretes a hormone called thyroxine which regulates the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins in the body and so provide the best balance for nutrients and mental ability.

Adrenal gland: It secretes two hormones-adrenalin and corticoid hormones regulate blood pressure, heartbeat, breathing rate and carbohydrate metabolism.

Pancreas: It secretes two hormones – insulin and glucagon. Insulin hormone lowers the blood glucose level. Glucagon hormone increases the blood glucose level.

Question 36: Which part of the brain controls involuntary actions? Write the function of any two regions of it.

Answer: Hind-brain controls the involuntary actions. Cerebellum controls the coordination of body movement and posture. Medulla oblongata regulates centre for swallowing, coughing, sneezing and vomiting.

Question 38: What is chemotropism? Give one example. Name any two plant hormones and mention their functions.

Answer: Chemotropism is the movement of a part of the plant in response to a chemical stimulus. It can be positive chemotropism or negative chemotropism. Example: The growth of pollen tube towards a chemical which is produced by an ovule during the process of fertilisation in a flower.

Two plant hormones with their functions are as follows:

• Auxins promote cell elongation, root formation, cell division, respiration and other physiological processes like protein synthesis, etc.
• Gibberellins stimulate stem elongation, seed germination and flowering.

Question 39: State the functions of any three of the structural and functional unit of nervous system.

Answer: The structural and functional unit of nervous system, i.e. neuron with their functions are as

• Cell body: Stimulus received from dendrite is changed into impulse in the cyton.
• Dendrites: They receive sensation or stimulus, which may be physical or chemical.
• Axon: It conducts impulse away from the cell body.

Question 40: What is ‘hydrotropism’? Describe an experiment to demonstrate ‘hydrotropism’.

Answer: ‘Hydrotropism’ is the directional growth of a plant part in response to water. For example: roots show hydrotropism as they grow towards water in the soil and are positively hydrotropic.

An experiment to demonstrate hydrotropism is as follows:

• A porous pot filled with water is taken and inserted in a tub filled with dry sand.
• A freshly germinated pea seedling is sowed in the sand.
• As water is not available in sand, the root growing will bend towards the porous pot filled with water.
• A hydrotropic curvature of the root is observed as it grows towards water.
• This bending of root shows the movement in response towards water.

Question 41: What are ‘hormones’? State one function of each of the following hormones: (i) Thyroxine (ii) Insulin

Answer: Hormones are the chemical substances which coordinate and control the activities of living organisms and also their growth. The term hormone was introduced by Bayliss and Starling. (i) Function of Thyroxine: This hormone regulates the metabolism of carbohydrates and fats. (ii) Function of insulin: This hormone helps in regulating sugar level in the blood.

Question 42: What is the function of receptors in our body? Think of situation where receptors do not work properly. What problems are likely to arise?

Answer: Receptors are present in our all parts of the body for example in skin, eye, nose tongue etc. They detect the signals and then send them to brain in the form of electrical signals. If these receptors are damaged then it they will not detect the input which leads to the harm for our body in dangerous situation.

Question 43: What is a reflex action? Describe the steps involved in a reflex action.

Answer: Reflex action: It is defined as an unconscious, automatic and involuntary response of effectors, i.e. muscles and glands, to a stimulus, which is monitored through the spinal cord.

Mechanism of reflex action: It involves the following steps:

• Receptor organ like skin perceives the stimulus and activates a sensory nerve impulse.
• Sensory organ carries message in the form of sensory impulse to the spinal cord.
• The spinal cord acts as modulator: The neurons of spinal cord transmit the sensory nerve impulse to motor neuron.
• Motor never conducts these impulses to the effectors like leg muscles which responds by pulling back the organ away from the harmful stimulus.

Question 44: (a) Name the two main constituents of the Central Nervous System in human beings. (b) What is the need for a system of control and coordination in human beings?

Answer: (a) The two main constituents of the Central Nervous System in human beings are the brain and the spinal cord.

(b) A living being does not live in isolation. It has to constantly interact with its external environment and has to respond properly for its survival. For example; when a hungry lion spots a deer, the lion has to quickly make a move so that it can have its food. On the other hand, the deer needs to quickly make a move to run for its life. The responses which a living being makes in relation to external stimuli are controlled and coordinated by a system; especially in complex animals. So, control and coordination . is essential in maintaining a state of stability and a steady state between the internal conditions of an organism and the external environment.

Question 45: (a) Name the hormone which is released into the blood when its sugar level rises. Explain the need of Chemical communication in multicellular organisms the organ which produces this hormone and its effect on blood sugar level. Also mention the digestive enzymes secreted by this organ with one function of each.

(b) Explain the need of Chemical communication in multicellular organisms.

Answer: (a) Glucose is needed by cells for respiration. It is important that the concentration of glucose in the blood is maintained at a constant level. Insulin is a hormone produced by the a-cells that regulates glucose levels in the blood.

In order for multicellular organisms to function properly, their cells must communicate. For instance, your muscles must contract when your brain sends a message to contract.

Pancreas produces insulin and p-cells which increase glucose in blood. It also – produces digestive enzyme (pancreatic amylase).

(b) Cell-to-cell signaling is a critical component of coordinating cellular activities. Through this communication, messages are carried from signaling cells to receiving cells, also known as target cells. This signaling occurs with proteins and other types of signaling molecules. Other things which happens in our body due to cell communication are – growth and development, cellular reproduction, tissue repair, sensing pain, etc.

Case Study Question for Class 10 Science (CBSE Board)

Case Study Question Class 10 Science for CBSE Board: Understudies can discover the chapter astute vital questions for course 10th Science within the table underneath. These imperative questions incorporate questions that are regularly inquired in a long time. Moreover, arrangements are to give for these questions, with extraordinary accentuation on ease-of-study. Tap on the joins underneath to begin investigating.

Case Study Question for Class 10 Science Ch. 1 to 16

Case study: 1.

Ans. Traits like ‘T’ are called dominant traits, while those that behave like ‘t’ are called recessive traits./Alternatively accept the definition of dominant and recessive traits with examples of T and t respectively /Alternatively accept the law of Dominance with examples of T and t.

When F1 plants were cross – pollinated with plants having tt genes, a total of 800 plants were produced. How many of these would be tall, medium height or short plants? Give the genotype of F 2 generation.

Case Study: 2 Question Class 10 Science

2) Ansari Sir was demonstrating an experiment in his class with the setup as shown in the figure below. (CBSE Sample Paper 2022)

c.) Consider the situation where the Magnet goes in and out of the coil. State two changes which could be made to increase the deflection in the galvanometer.

This is due to changing magnetic field /flux associated with the coil as the magnet moves in and out.

Case Based Questions Class 10 Science Chapter-wise:

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NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 7 Control and Coordination

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapters:

What is a phytohormone?

What is phototropism, what is the autonomic nervous system, what is hydrotropism, what are phytohormones, contact form.

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CBSE Class 10 Science Case Based MCQ Questions

CBSE Term 1 exam is not so far and surely you have begun the preparation for the board exam. Therefore we have dedicated this page to help you out in your preparation. This year for the first time the board has introduced the Case based Questions which will be asked in the Term 1 exam that is likely to be held in November-December. 

Therefore, we have brought you the CBSE Class 10 Science Case Based MCQ on this page. The questions are given in objective types. Such types of questions are solved by reading the given scenario in the paragraph. 

All these science case study questions are developed as per the new CBSE Pattern. The team of subject matter experts have crafted the given MCQs. The Case Based Questions that we are providing here are worthy to solve and practice because class 10th syllabus has been taken into consideration while preparing the problems.

CBSE Class 10 Science Case Study, Assertion & Reasoning, MCQ

The Class tenth CBSE Science Case Study, Assertion & Reasoning, MCQs are very helpful in practicing and getting a deep understanding in the topics of science. However, a comprehensible knowledge of NCERT Science Book is a must to be able to solve these types of problems.

The PDF that is available here to download contains the problems in three different variants; One is general objective types of questions that is MCQ (Multiple Choice Questions), second one is Assertion and Reasoning and the last one is Case-Based Questions. 

If you Download PDF CBSE Class 10 Science Case Study from the given links, then you will be able to get the quick revision for each chapter that will help you to recall your learnings and give you information about some important Chemicals Formulas and reactions.

What are Assertion & Reasoning Questions?

Assertion & Reasoning questions are basically a type of multiple-choice question that is solved by reading the given statement and the reason. The question typically consists of one statement followed by its reason. Students' duty is to verify both statements and reason whether they are correct or not and if they are correct then it is time to look at whether the given statement truly satisfies the reason or not.

These questions should not be difficult to solve but you have to have rigorous and extensive practice. The Assertion & Reasoning questions along with the solutions are given in the CBSE Class 10 Science case study 2021-2022 PDF that is available here. 

Class 10th has very basic and important chapters that are necessary to solve. A few chapters that are available in the beginning of the science books are Chemical Reactions and Equations, Acids, Bases and Salts, Metals and Non-metals, Carbon and Its Compounds, Periodic Classification of Elements, Life Processes, etc.

Since you are here to find out the CBSE Class 10 Science MCQ Based Questions, the possibilities are you need CBSE Class 10 Maths Case Study Questions too.

FAQs on CBSE Class 10th Science Case Study Questions

Case Study Questions are based on the data which are given in the form of passage. These types of questions generally consist of real life examples. Usually it contains upto 4 or 5 questions.

To prepare for Class 10 Science MCQ Be thorough with the concepts, Practice the questions regularly, Attempt online tests as much as you can. To do all these things visit the Selfstudys.com. They are providing everything for free of cost.

In class 10 Science Based Questions you will be asked to answer the questions that are explained in the standard Xth Science Syllabus. However, the problems will be related to real world examples.

To find Class 10 Science Chapter wise Assertion and Reason Questions you simply need to reach at the Selfstudys website. It provides all the study resources for free of cost. You will be able to download the assertion reason with solutions as well.

No, CBSE Class 10 Science Case Based MCQ Question is not difficult, if you pay a good attention to the given paragraph. It is important to be able to find the tiny details in the passage to answer the Case Based questions.

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Case Study and Passage Based Questions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction

• Last modified on: 1 year ago
• Reading Time: 10 Minutes

In CBSE Class 10 Science Paper, Students will have to answer some questions based on  Assertion and Reason . There will be a few questions based on case studies and passage based as well. In that, a paragraph will be given, and then the MCQ questions based on it will be asked.

Here, we have provided case based/passage based questions for Class 10 Science  Chapter 10 Light Reflection and Refraction .

Question 1:

Read the following and answer any four questions from (i) to (v).

The spherical mirror forms different types of images when the object is placed at different locations. When the image is formed on screen, the image is real and when the image does not form on screen, the image is virtual. When the two reflected rays meet actually, the image is real and when they appear to meet, the image is virtual.

A concave mirror always forms a real and inverted image for different positions of the object. But if the object is placed between the focus and pole. the image formed is virtual and erect.

A convex mirror always forms a virtual, erect and diminished image. A concave mirror is used as doctor’s head mirror to focus light on body parts like eyes, ears, nose etc., to be examined because it can form erect and magnified image of the object. The convex mirror is used as a rear view mirrors in automobiles because it can form an small and erect image of an object.

(i) When an object is placed at the centre of curvature of a concave mirror, the image formed is (a) larger than the object (b) smaller than the object (c) same size as that of the object (d) highly enlarged.

(ii) No matter how far you stand from a mirror, your image appears erect. The mirror is likely to be (a) plane (b) concave (c) convex (d) either plane or convex.

(iii) A child is standing in front of a magic mirror. She finds the image of her head bigger, the middle portion of her body of the same size and that of the legs smaller. The following is the order of combinations for the magic mirror from the top. (a) Plane, convex and concave (b) Convex, concave and plane (c) Concave, plane and convex (d) Convex, plane and concave

(iv) To get an image larger than the object, one can use (a) convex mirror but not a concave mirror (b) a concave mirror but not a convex mirror (c) either a convex mirror or a concave mirror (d) a plane mirror.

(v) A convex mirror has wider field of view because (a) the image formed is much smaller than the object and large number of images can be seen. (b) the image formed is much closer to the mirror (c) both (a) and (b) (d) none of these.

Question 2:

The lenses forms different types of images when object placed at different locations. When a ray is incident parallel to the principal axis, then after refraction, it passes through the focus or appears to come from the focus.

When a ray goes through the optical centre of the lens, it passes without any deviation. If the object is placed between focus and optical center of the convex lens, erect and magnified image is formed.

As the object is brought closer to the convex lens from infinity to focus, the image moves away from the convex lens from focus to infinity. Also the size of image goes on increasing and the image is always real and inverted.

A concave lens always gives a virtual, erect and diminished image irrespective to the position of the object.

(i) The location of image formed by a convex lens when the object is placed at infinity is (a) at focus (b) at 2F (c) at optical center (d) between Fand 2F

(ii) When the object is placed at the focus of concave lens, the image formed is (a) real and smaller (b) virtual and inverted (c) virtual and smaller (d) real and erect

(iii) The size of image formed by a convex lens when the object is placed at the focus of convex lens is (a) small (b) point in size (c) highly magnified (d) same as that of object

(iv) When the object is placed at 2F in front of convex lens, the location of image is (a) at F (b) at 2 F on the other side (c) at infinity (d) between F and optical center

(v) At which location of object in front of concave lens, the image between focus and optical centre is formed (a) anywhere between centre and infinity (b) at F (c) at 2F (d) infinity

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• Number Systems Class 9 Assertion Reason Questions Maths Chapter 1

Last Updated on August 26, 2024 by XAM CONTENT

Hello students, we are providing case study questions for class 9 maths. Assertion Reason questions are the new question format that is introduced in CBSE board. The resources for assertion reason questions are very less. So, to help students we have created chapterwise assertion reason questions for class 9 maths. In this article, you will find assertion reason questions for CBSE Class 9 Maths Chapter 1 Number Systems. It is a part of Assertion Reason Questions for CBSE Class 9 Maths Series.

Table of Contents

Assertion Reason Questions on Number Systems

Questions :

Q. 1. Assertion (A): The rationalising factor of $8-\sqrt{7}$ is $8+\sqrt{7}$. Reason (R): If the product of two irrational numbers is rational, then each one is said to be the rationalising factor of the other.

Q. 2. Assertion (A): The sum of two irrational numbers $3-\sqrt{5}$ and $5+\sqrt{5}$ is rational number. Reason (R): The sum of two irrational numbers is always an irrational number.

Q. 3. Assertion (A): The simplified form of $7^4 \times 7^5$ is $7^{20}$. Reason (R): If $a>0$ be a real number and $p$ and $q$ be rational numbers. Then $a^p \times a^q=a^{p+q}$.

1. (a) Assertion (A): It is true that the rationalising factor of $8-\sqrt{7}$ is $8+\sqrt{7}$. Reason (R): It is true to say that each one is rationalising factor in the product of two irrational numbers. Hence, both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason $(R)$ is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).

2. (c) Assertion (A): Here, $3-\sqrt{5}+5+\sqrt{5}=8$, which is a rational number. So, Assertion (A) is true. Reason (R): It is not always true to say that sum of two irrational number is always an irrational number. Hence, Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.

3. (d) Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.

Polynomials Class 9 Assertion Reason Questions Maths Chapter 2

Topics from which assertion reason questions may be asked.

• Representation on number line
• Concept of rationalizing the denominator
• Rationalizing the denominator of expressions with square roots
• Applying the laws of exponents to simplify expressions
• Rationalizing surds

The sum or difference of a rational number and an irrational number is irrational. The product or quotient of a non-zero rational number with an irrational number is irrational.

Assertion reason questions from the above given topic may be asked.

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) on Number Systems Assertion Reason Questions Class 9

Q1: what are assertion reason questions.

A1: Assertion-reason questions consist of two statements: an assertion (A) and a reason (R). The task is to determine the correctness of both statements and the relationship between them. The options usually include: (i) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. (ii) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A. (iii) A is true, but R is false. (iv) A is false, but R is true. or A is false, and R is also false.

Q2: Why are assertion reason questions important in Maths?

A2: Students need to evaluate the logical relationship between the assertion and the reason. This practice strengthens their logical reasoning skills, which are essential in mathematics and other areas of study.

Q3: How can practicing assertion reason questions help students?

A3: Practicing assertion-reason questions can help students in several ways: Improved Conceptual Understanding:  It helps students to better understand the concepts by linking assertions with their reasons. Enhanced Analytical Skills:  It enhances analytical skills as students need to critically analyze the statements and their relationships. Better Exam Preparation:  These questions are asked in exams and practicing them can improve your performance.

Q4: What strategies should students use to answer assertion reason questions effectively?

A4: Students can use the following strategies: Understand Each Statement Separately:  Determine if each statement is true or false independently. Analyze the Relationship:  If both statements are true, check if the reason correctly explains the assertion.

Q5: What are common mistakes to avoid when answering Assertion Reason questions?

A5: Common mistakes include: Not reading the statements carefully and missing key details. Assuming the Reason explains the Assertion without checking the logical connection. Confusing the order or relationship between the statements. Overthinking and adding information not provided in the question.

Q6: Are all integers also rational numbers?

A6: Yes, all integers are rational numbers because they can be expressed as a fraction where the denominator is 1. For example, 5 can be written as 5/1​, making it a rational number.

Q7: What are the key concepts covered in Chapter 1 of CBSE Class 9 Maths regarding number systems?

A7: Chapter 1 of CBSE Class 9 Maths covers concepts such as understanding rational numbers, irrational numbers and Laws of exponents. (i) Review of representation of natural numbers and Integers on number line (ii) Rational numbers on the number line. (iii) Rational numbers as recurring/ terminating decimals (iv) Operations on real numbers. (v) Definition of nth root of a real number (vi) Law of exponents with integral powers

Q8: Can a number be both rational and irrational?

A8: No, a number cannot be both rational and irrational. A rational number can be expressed as a fraction of two integers, while an irrational number cannot. They are mutually exclusive categories.

Q9: What are the important keywords for CBSE Class 9 Maths Number Systems?

A9: List of important keywords given below – Natural Numbers:  Positive Counting number starting from 1. Whole Number:  All natural numbers together with 0. Integers (Z):  Set of all whole numbers and negative of natural numbers Rational Number:  Numbers which can be expressed in p/q form, where q  ≠  0 and p and q are integers. Fraction:  Numbers which can be expressed in form of p/q but are only positive Equivalent Rational Numbers:  Two rational numbers are said to be equivalent, if numerator and denominators of both rational numbers are in proportion or they are reducible to be equal.

Q10: Are there any online resources or tools available for practicing linear equations in one variable assertion reason questions?

A10: A9: We provide assertion reason questions for CBSE Class 8 Maths on our  website . Students can visit the website and practice sufficient case study questions and prepare for their exams. If you need more case study questions, then you can visit  Physics Gurukul  website. they are having a large collection of case study questions for all classes.

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According to the CBSE Syllabus 2023-24, this chapter has been renumbered as Chapter 6.

Class 10 Science Notes Chapter 7 Control and Coordination

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Organisms show movements in response to stimuli.

Introduction to Control & Coordination

• Organisms move in response to various kinds of stimuli like light, heat, nutrients/food, etc.
• All the activities in animals are controlled and coordinated by the nervous and endocrine systems.
• Hormones are chemical messengers which assist the nervous system in carrying out various functions. They are secreted by endocrine glands.
• Hormones in plants coordinate the movements.

For more information on Nervous System, watch the below video

To know more about The Nervous System, visit here .

Neuron is the structural and functional unit of the nervous system.

• Each neuron has three main parts: dendrites, cyton/soma/cell body and axon.
• Dendrites receive impulses from other neurons.
• Cyton/soma processes the impulse.
• Axon transmits the impulse, either to another neuron or to muscles/glands, etc.
• Axon may be myelinated or non-myelinated.
• The impulse transmission is faster in myelinated neurons .

Central Nervous System

The central nervous system (CNS) is made up of the brain and the spinal cord. The functions of different parts of the brain are:

• The cerebrum is responsible for reasoning, logic, emotions, speech, memory, visual processing, recognition of auditory and taste stimuli, etc.
• Cerebellum regulates and coordinates body movements, posture and balance.
• Pons relays signals from the hindbrain to the forebrain.
• Medulla Oblongata controls all involuntary movements like vomiting, sneezing, yawning, heartbeat, breathing, blood pressure, etc.
• Medulla oblongata continues as the spinal cord, which runs through the vertebral column and it controls reflex actions.

Read more: Central Nervous System

Peripheral Nervous System

• The nerves coming out from the brain and the spinal cord constitute the peripheral nervous system (PNS).
• There are 12 cranial nerves and 31 spinal nerves in humans.

Read more: Peripheral Nervous System

Somatic Nervous System

• It forms a part of the PNS.
• The nerves of PNS that control the voluntary actions of the body form the somatic nervous system.

Autonomic Nervous System

• All the nerves of the PNS that control the involuntary actions in the body form the autonomic nervous system. E.g. respiration, heart rate, blood pressure, digestion, etc., are regulated by the autonomic nervous system.
• Two divisions of the autonomic nervous system are the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.
• The sympathetic nervous system prepares the body for intense physical activity and is often referred to as the fight-or-flight response, while the parasympathetic nervous system has almost the exact opposite effect and relaxes the body and inhibits or slows many high-energy functions.

Reflex Action

Reflex action is a sudden, involuntary reaction of the body in response to stimuli.

To know more about Reflex Action, visit here .

• It is the path followed by an electrical impulse during a reflex action.
• The impulse travels from the receptor organ to the spinal cord/brain. It is processed there, and the information is brought back to the concerned muscle to carry out the action.
• Thus, the receptor organ, sensory/afferent neuron, interneuron, motor/efferent neuron and effector organ are the components of a reflex arc.

Protection of CNS

The brain is protected by 3 main layers –

• The bony skull (cranium)
• The cerebrospinal fluid
• The meninges (Dura mater, Arachnoid and Pia mater).

For more information on Brain, watch the below video

Plant Hormones and Movements

Plant hormones.

Control and coordination in plants are carried out by hormones.

To know more about Plant hormones, visit here .

Growth Independent Movements

The movements which are not growth related are called nastic movements. These movements occur in response to environmental stimuli but the direction of response is not dependent on the direction of the stimulus.

• The movement in the touch-me-not plant is thigmonastic movement (movement in response to touch).

Growth-Related Movements in Plants

The movements which are growth related are called tropic movements. These movements occur in response to environmental stimuli and the direction of the response is dependent on the direction of the stimulus.

For more information on Tropic Movements in Plants, watch the below video

To know more about Tropic Movements in Plants, visit here .

• Phototropic movement (light-dependent)
• Geotropic movement (gravity-dependent)
• Chemotropic movement (chemical-dependent)
• Hydrotropic movement (water-dependent)
• Thigmotropic movement (touch dependent)

Movement of plant parts in response to earth’s gravitational force is known as geotropism/gravitropism.

• Towards gravity – positive geotropism
• Away from gravity – negative geotropism
• The root grows towards gravity, and the shoot grows away from gravity

Phototropism

Movement of plant parts in response to light is known as phototropism.

• Towards light-positive phototropism.
• Away from light – negative phototropism.
• Stems move towards the light, and roots move away from the light.

To know more about Phototropism, visit here .

Hydrotropism

Movement of plant parts in response to water or moisture.

• Towards water-positive hydrotropism.
• Away from water – negative hydrotropism.
• Again, root movement in search of water is positive hydrotropism.
• E.g. movement of roots towards high humidity level.

Chemotropism

Movement of plant parts in response to chemical stimuli is known as chemotropism.

• Towards chemical-positive chemotropism.
• Away from chemical-negative chemotropism.
• The growth of the pollen tube towards the ovule is positive chemotropism.

Thigmotropism

Movement of plant parts in response to touch is called as thigmotropism.

• Towards touch – Positive thigmotropism.
• Away from touch – negative thigmotropism.
• Movement of tendrils around the support is positive thigmotropism.

The Endocrine System

Exocrine glands.

Exocrine glands are glands that discharge secretions by means of  ducts, which open onto an epithelial surface.

Endocrine Glands

Endocrine glands are the ductless glands which secrete hormones into the bloodstream in humans.

The endocrine glands present in the human body are the pituitary, thyroid, adrenal, pineal, pancreas, ovary (female), testis (male), etc. Let us now learn more about each of the glands below.

For more information on Endocrine Glands, watch the below video

To know more about Exocrine glands, visit here .

Pituitary Gland

• It is a pea-sized gland located at the base of the brain.
• It is the master gland, as it controls the secretions of all the other endocrine glands.
• It also secretes Growth Hormone (GH). Under-secretion of GH causes Dwarfism, and over-secretion causes Gigantism in children and ‘Acromegaly’ in adults.

To know more about the Pituitary gland, visit here .

Thyroid Gland

• It is a butterfly-shaped gland located in the throat.
• It secretes the hormone ‘Thyroxine’, which regulates the metabolism of the body.
• Iodine is required to synthesize thyroxine in the body.
• In the case of iodine deficiency, under-secretion of thyroxine leads to goitre.

To know more about the Thyroid gland, visit here .

• It is a leaf-like gland present behind the stomach in the abdomen.
• It is an endocrine as well an exocrine gland.
• As an endocrine gland, it manufactures two hormones – Insulin and glucagon. Both these hormones act antagonistically and regulate the sugar level in the blood.
• As an exocrine gland, it secretes enzymes to break down the proteins, lipids, carbohydrates and nucleic acids in food.
• An insufficient amount of insulin from the pancreas leads to diabetes.

To know more about Pancreas, visit here .

Adrenal Gland

• Occurs in pairs above each kidney.
• It decreases in size with age.
• Secrets the hormone adrenaline, which helps in flight and fight response.
• Also secretes noradrenaline.

To know more about the Adrenal gland, visit here .

• Gonads are the gamete-producing organs – testes in males and ovaries in females.
• The testes produce the male hormone testosterone, and the ovaries produce the female hormones oestrogen and progesterone.
• Testosterone and oestrogen help in producing gametes and are responsible for the sexual characteristics of males and females, respectively.
• Progesterone is the pregnancy hormone.

To know more about Gonads, visit here .

Other Endocrine Organs

• The other endocrine organs include the hypothalamus, parathyroid, pineal and thymus glands.

To know more about The Endocrine System, visit here .

Also Check:

• CBSE Class 10 Science Notes Chapter 6 Life Processes
• CBSE Class 10 Science Chapter 8 How Do Organisms Reproduce Notes
• NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 7 Control and Coordination
• NCERT Exemplar Class 10 Science Solutions for Chapter 7 – Control And Coordination
• Real Numbers Class 10 Notes: Chapter 1
• CBSE Class 10 History Notes Chapter 1 – The Rise of Nationalism in Europe

Frequently Asked Questions on CBSE Class 10 Science Notes Chapter 7 Control and Coordination

What is the function of the central nervous system.

The central nervous system (CNS) controls most functions of the body and mind. It consists of two parts: the brain and the spinal cord. The brain is the centre of our thoughts, the interpreter of our external environment, and the origin of control over body movement.

What are some facts about the human brain?

1. 60% of the human brain is composed of fat.

2. The brain contains about 100 billion neurons and 100 trillion connections.

3. The texture of the brain is similar to that of firm jelly.

How many parts does the human eye have?

The human eye totally consists of 7 parts that work together.

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