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Pollution Due to Urbanisation Essay

Essay on Pollution Due to Urbanisation

Below, you will find an essay on pollution due to urbanisation (long) and also a short essay on pollution due to urbanisation. While urbanisation has its positives, it is imperative to look at every object according to its pros and cons. Here are two essays on pollution due to urbanisation of 400-500 words and 100-200 words, respectively. We will discuss the importance of urbanisation for countries, and how urbanisation is polluting the world.

Long Essay on Pollution Due to Urbanisation

Urbanisation is a great concept which is required to develop any country. It refers to the concept of urbanising remote areas by building infrastructure which then brings about development. Infrastructure refers to all the buildings and institutions which are necessary for economic development to take place in an area. For example, educational institutions like schools, colleges, vocational learning centres are part of the infrastructure. Healthcare facilities such as hospitals and clinics, employment opportunities, food security, etc. are also part of the infrastructure of a country.

It is seen very often that a big corporation sets up shop in a rural area, and around this, infrastructure is built, and development and urbanisation take place. Jamshedpur is an example of such a place, where Tata Industries set up shop many years ago and made the area highly developed. Thus, urbanisation definitely encourages the people of a place to have a better life by giving them more opportunities to achieve good life through education, jobs, etc.

On the other hand, it must be duly noted that urbanisation is one of the leading causes of pollution in today’s world. There are several different kinds of pollution, such as air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution and noise pollution. The facets of urbanisation contribute to each one of these types of pollution in one way or another. Factories and mines contribute to air pollution through the fumes that each of them emits into the air. The damage done to the water and soil around factories because of their flowing septic is harmful to both humans as well as aquatic life. Additionally, the noises that come from mines, the whirring of machinery in factories, etc. contribute to noise pollution.

Additionally, it is not only big industries that contribute to pollution due to urbanisation. Part of urbanisation is also the development of roads, which means more cars, buses, two-wheelers, three-wheelers, trucks, etc. on the road. These all contribute to noise pollution because of the incessant honking, and also to air pollution, because of the fumes that all motor vehicles emit. Even when we are stuck in traffic in an auto, it becomes difficult to breathe because of the fumes which surround us on the roads. If we are finding it difficult to breathe, imagine what so many fumes are doing to our planet.

Short Essay on Pollution Due to Urbanisation

150 Words Paragraph On Pollution Due to Urbanisation

Pollution takes place when air, water or soil becomes contaminated with unwanted substances. Air pollution takes place because of the fumes of factories and motor vehicles on th e road. Soil pollution and water pollution take place due to the septic waste being released into soil or water that surrounds a factory. Even oil spills are a major reason for water pollution, and all kinds of pollution can be very dangerous for living beings. Another type of pollution is noise pollution, which comes from the honking of cars, loud sounds in factories, the passing of aeroplanes and trains, etc.

Urbanisation is a result of the need to achieve economic development. It refers to when a relatively rural or remote area is made more urban by constructing roads, hospitals, schools, offices, etc. In this way, development is a result of urbanisation, which is extremely good for all countries.

However, all the great factors that urbanisation brings in, such as factories to work in, motor vehicles to drive, and so much more, all of these contribute to pollution more and more. Even though urbanisation is very important for a country, it is important to address all the kinds of pollution

Pollution is one of the most pressing concerns confronting our civilization today. When their environment deteriorates on a daily basis, humans face major challenges. The mixing of any toxic element or contaminants in our natural environment is referred to as pollution. Many contaminants are introduced into the natural environment as a result of human activities, contaminating it too dangerous proportions. Pollution is caused by a variety of factors, one of which is urbanisation.

The negative aspect of urbanisation is the manufacturers, which emit a great deal of pollution. Their equipment emits smoke into the environment, pollutes water streams and the surrounding land, and makes a lot of noise. As a result, there is a lot of pollution as a result of urbanisation, and it is extremely destructive to the environment when it first begins.

The majority of the pollution in our environment is due to urbanisation. It's because factories are springing up all over the place, there are a lot more cars on the road now, and so on.

Pollution Due to Urbanisation

Our mother planet is choking, and we are unable to do anything about it. Today, we confront several issues, one of which is pollution. Pollution occurs when a contaminating substance is introduced into our environment and pollutes our natural resources. There are numerous causes of pollution, most of which are caused by humans. Natural resources and habitats have been depleted as a result of our activities.

Urbanisation is one of the primary causes of human pollution. Pollution levels began to rise when humans began to construct cities and industrialization developed. Human needs continue to expand, and we loot our mother planet to meet them. As a result of development, many beautiful valleys, mountains, hilltop stations, and woods have become pollution carriers. Trees have been felled, rivers and lakes have been poisoned, and natural reserves have been exploited.

As a result, we now live in severely polluted cities where daily life has become increasingly challenging. As a result of urban pollution, we are experiencing a variety of health issues, the worst part of which is that we are fully unconscious of it. It is past time for us to take steps to reduce pollution and make the world a better place for future generations.

Urbanisation is a really great step forward for any country, and it is and should be the main aim of all countries. All people around the world should have access to proper healthcare, education, sanitation, nourishment and safety, and urbanisation is how we can help achieve this goal. However, in the process of meeting this goal, we cannot forget that pollution due to urbanisation does take place, and is very dangerous for the planet and, therefore, all species living on earth in the long run.

FAQs on Pollution Due to Urbanisation Essay

1. What are the pros and cons of urbanisation according to the essay on pollution due to urbanisation?

The essay on pollution due to urbanisation says that urbanisation is good and is vital for a country, but can also be harmful for the environment. Urbanisation brings in better education, better healthcare facilities, better roads, and better infrastructure in general. However, it improves the lifestyles of human beings at the cost of hurting the environment by putting more contaminants into air, water and soil in the form of toxic fumes and septic waste. Thus, urbanisation is important, but it has to be brought about in a more sustainable manner.

2. How can we reduce pollution due to urbanisation?

At the individual level, there are some very simple ways to reduce pollution due to urbanisation. To reduce air pollution, we can choose to walk, carpool, or use public transport instead of taking a taxi. Garbage should not be thrown on roads and in water bodies, in order for us to stop soil and water pollution. We should also not honk on roads unnecessarily, to curb noise pollution. Unless the big companies and industries do not decide to take a stand and do what’s good for the environment, we will have to keep relying only on individual measures.

3. What are the different types of pollution and their causes?

Pollution in Cities: Types and Causes

Air Pollution: The air in metropolitan places is constantly polluted with harmful compounds, making breathing increasingly dangerous. The air in cities is suffocating. The air is polluted by smoke from autos, factories, and power plants. There are also other contaminants in the air, such as chemical spills and other harmful substances.

Water Pollution: Natural water supplies are becoming increasingly scarce in metropolitan areas, and those that do exist are becoming progressively contaminated. There is a lot of waste dumping in lakes and rivers, such as residential and industrial waste. A lot of trash is washed into the rivers when it rains.

Soil Pollution: Toxic mixtures in the soil are causing ecosystem disruption.

Noise Pollution: Cities are among the noisiest places on the planet. Noise pollution is caused by a variety of sources, including traffic noises, loudspeakers, and other undesirable noises, which cause a variety of health problems.

Radioactive Pollution: Nuclear power facilities' unintentional leaks represent a serious concern.

Visual Pollution: Signs, billboards, screens, high-intensity lights, and other forms of overexposure to sights in cities can also be highly unsettling.

There is also ' Thermal pollution ,' which is created by an excess of heat trapped in the earth's atmosphere.

4. How can pollution due to urbanisation be controlled?

One can implement the following methods to reduce pollution caused by urbanisation:

Conserve Energy: People in urban areas always use more energy than people in rural areas. The use of energy results in numerous types of pollution. One of the most effective strategies to reduce pollution is to conserve energy wherever possible. When you are not using an electrical appliance, turn it off. This tiny step can make a tremendous difference.

Reduce water waste: We waste a lot of water on a daily basis, which might have negative implications. We must make every effort to utilize as little water as possible.

Plant more trees: Urban areas are the ones with the least amount of greenery. It's a good idea to have a kitchen garden and a little lawn near your house.

Green belts: The government can assist by declaring specific sections in each city as green belts, allowing trees and other plants to flourish freely.

Use fewer loudspeakers: Using fewer loudspeakers can significantly minimise noise pollution. It's also a good idea to turn down the music level at functions after a specific amount of time has passed.

Indoors: In cities, home interiors are likewise heavily contaminated. We must also have some plants inside our homes to filter the polluted indoor air.

Industrial trash: Factory owners must make every effort to avoid dumping industrial waste in lakes or rivers. The government can also enact legislation in this regard.

5. What problems are caused due to Urbanization?

The necessity for open space to develop roads, buildings, and bridges, among other things, resulted in widespread deforestation. To accommodate the ever-increasing population, trees were cut down, fields were cleared, and built new space. It goes without saying that tree cutting is a major source of pollution. The high population density resulted in a scarcity of everything, including space and natural resources such as water and coal.

A number of serious challenges have arisen as a result of the interaction of the urban population with the environment. The spending habits and lifestyles of the urban people had a significant impact on the environment. Consumption of food, energy, and water is all higher in cities. Cities have much more filthy air than rural areas. This is mainly due to the increased use of automobiles and the expansion of industries and factories that pollute the air. We utilise electricity to power almost all of our equipment.

6. What is urbanisation, and how is it caused?

The population shift from rural to urban regions, the resulting decline in the number of people living in rural areas, and the methods in which societies adjust to this transition are all referred to as urbanisation. It is basically the process by which towns and cities evolve and grow as more people choose to live and work in central locations.

Individual, community and state activity result in either organic or planned urbanisation. Living in a city can be culturally and economically advantageous since it can provide more options for access to the labour market, better education, housing, and safety conditions, as well as lower commute and transit time and costs. A healthy urban environment is characterised by density, proximity, diversity, and marketplace rivalry. However, there are also negative social consequences associated with urban living, such as alienation, stress, higher living costs, and mass marginalisation. Suburbanization, which is occurring in the greatest developing countries' cities, can be seen as an attempt to balance these negative aspects of city living while still giving access to a huge number of shared resources.

7. What is the Impact of Urbanisation in Indian Cities?

The following are the main effects of urbanisation on environmental quality in Indian cities:

According to the entire slum population in India in 1991, 41 per cent of the overall slum population lived in cities with populations of one million or more, which account for 27 percent of the country's total population.

According to the current situation of municipal solid trash creation and collection situation in Indian metropolitan cities, Maharashtra creates the most municipal solid garbage (11,000 tonnes per day), followed by Delhi (8700 tonnes per day) in 2019, both of which are expected to rise in the near future.

In India and other Metropolitan Cities, the number of automobiles on the road is increasing.

In India and other metropolitan cities, the number of automobiles on the road has increased. The usage of vehicles has increased by 10% or more on average, posing a significant threat to air pollution.

Water resources are dwindling day by day as a result of rising population, wasteful usage, and a lack of conservation. Huge amounts of wastewater enter rivers as cities and industries grow, contaminating river streams that are used for drinking and other reasons.

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Essay on Pollution due to Urbanisation for Students and Children in English

February 14, 2024 by Prasanna

Essay on Pollution due to Urbanisation: Pollution is a problem that has become more and more pressing over the last few decades. There are different kinds of pollution, which are air pollution, noise pollution, water pollution, and soil pollution, all of which are incredibly harmful to the environment. These refer to contamination of the air by fumes or unwanted noise, contamination of water bodies and that of land, respectively. It is needless to say that these are rigid examples of pollution due to urbanisation.

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Long and Short Essays on Pollution due to Urbanisation for Children and Kids in English

Read below to find two essays about pollution due to urbanisation. The first essay is a long essay of 500 words, and the second is a short essay of 200 words. The former is suitable for class 7-10 students as well as for those aspiring for competitive exams. The latter essay is ideal for kids of class 6 and below.

Long Essay on Pollution due to Urbanisation 500 words in English

Long Essay on Pollution due to Urbanisation in English for classes 7, 8, 9 and 10 and Competitive Exam Aspirants

Below we have given a long essay about pollution due to urbanisation 500 words and is suitable for students of class 7 to 10, and also for competitive exam aspirants.

Pollution has been a long-standing problem in our world for a few decades now. It is something that poses harm to the environment, and also to us humans as a result of that. Pollution refers to when there are contaminants that pose harm to the environment, and there are four main types of it. Air pollution refers to the harmful and toxic fumes in the air produced by vehicles, factories, smoking, etc. Water pollution refers to the contamination of water bodies by toxic substances, plastic, oil spills, etc. Soil or land pollution refers to the wastage we leave on the land, and also toxic substances that seep into the soil and ruin its fertility. Noise pollution refers to unwanted and unpleasant noises; all the types of pollution are incredibly detrimental to the planet.

Urbanisation refers to the concept of rural towns and villages developing into urbanised towns and cities. Urban localities are characterised by having good infrastructure and prevalence of industry, both of which are almost undoubtedly linked to each other. A lot of venture capitalists and multinational corporations select smaller, rural towns to start manufacturing businesses because the factors of production most often come cheaper there. This means that the rent is lower, labour costs less, etc. thus, it makes for a convenient place to open up good-manufacturing factories there. Urbanization has demerits more than merits.

When a factory opens in a rural area, it paves the way for the people living in and around the area to avail employment there. Since there will be many raw material trucks coming in and goods trucks leaving from the factory site, there is a requirement for paved roads. More and more facilities and infrastructure come up around the lands surrounding the factory, resulting in the development of the area. This process is called urbanisation, and it is important to know about so you can understand how pollution due to urbanisation takes place.

Where there is a factory, while a lot of infrastructure and development follows it, there is also a lot of waste produced there. Many factories may not follow the correct procedure for the disposal of waste, which can be dangerous as factory waste can sometimes be toxic. This toxic waste seeps into neighbouring soil, close-by water bodies, and poisonous fumes from the factories into the air. Aside from these forms of pollution, factories can also be noisy due to the machinery used inside. Thus it causes all four types of pollution. In this way, industries produce air, water, noise, and soil pollution due to urbanisation.

While pollution on its own is a pressing problem for our world, pollution due to urbanisation is a huge problem. Adding to that, it is becoming a bigger and bigger problem as urbanisation is taking over even the smallest areas. Yes, development is something to applaud, but not when it goes to the extent of causing harm to or destroying the environment.

Short Essay on Pollution due to Urbanisation 200 words in English

Short Essay on Pollution due to Urbanisation in English for Classes 6 and Below

Below we have given a short essay about pollution due to urbanisation of 200 words. This long essay on the topic is suitable for students of class 6 and below.

Pollution is a severe problem in today’s world. There are four kinds of pollution (air, water, soil and noise pollution) and they are all dangerous. When there are unwanted objects, smells or anything like that in the air, water, or soil, they are called pollutants. Some examples of pollutants are plastic in oceans, smoke in the air from vehicles, etc.

When industries decide to make factories in rural areas like villages and small towns, they also build good roads and other proper buildings around the factory. This is so that people can do work in factories with ease. When industries do this, it is called urbanisation. Many small towns have become big centres of development and factory work.

The bad part about urbanisation is that the factories which create a lot of pollutants. They release smoke into the air, harmful waste into water streams and surrounding land, and also make a lot of noise because of their machines. Thus there is a lot of pollution due to urbanisation, and it is very harmful to the environment when urbanisation starts.

Urbanisation is the cause of most of the pollution that there is our environment. It is because factories are everywhere, there are many more vehicles on the roads now, etc.

10 Lines on Pollution due to Urbanisation Essay in English

Pollution refers to when any of our surroundings have contaminants, toxins, pollutants and harmful substances.
There are four types of pollution, namely, air, water, soil, and noise pollution, which you find in those places, respectively.
Air pollution refers to when there are contaminants such as smoke, smells, fumes from vehicles, etc. in the air, which may even make it hard for us to breathe.
Water pollution refers to when there are unwanted substances in Earth’s water bodies, such as plastic, toxic chemicals from industries, oil from oil spills, etc. This is harmful to aquatic life, and also for the other life, including humans’ who drink this water.
Soil pollution refers to when toxins seep into the land or soil because of factory waste, untreated garbage and sewage, etc.
Noise pollution refers to when there are unwanted and disturbing noises, such as the sound of blaring horns in traffic, the loud whirring of machinery, etc.
Urbanisation brings infrastructure and employment opportunities, among various other forms of development.
Factories and industries do more harm to the environment than good for the people.
Factories let untreated waste into water streams and surrounding land sometimes, which causes soil and water pollution due to urbanisation. They also release toxic fumes into the air and jarring noises due to the heavy machinery, which is also pollution.
While development is a good thing as it brings in opportunities for thousands of people, it is not worth it if it causes uncontrollable levels of pollution which are highly detrimental to the environment.

FAQ’s on Pollution due to Urbanisation Essay

Question 1. What does it mean by urbanisation?

Answer: Urbanisation refers to the concept of a rural area becoming developed as factories, good roads, good schools, etc. are built there. An urban or urbanised city is one where there are great infrastructure and sizeable employment opportunities.

Question 2. What does it mean by pollution?

Answer: Pollution refers to the presence of toxic substances or pollutants in the environment, such as in the air, water, and soil. When harmful substances get into the air, water, or land, it means that they are polluted.

Question 3. What are the four main types of pollution in simple words?

Answer: The four main types of pollution are air, water, soil and land pollution – when there are intoxicants in the air, water, or soil, we name them as such, respectively.

Question 4. How is pollution linked to the concept of urbanisation?

Answer: With urbanisation, polluting factories come up, more fuming vehicles are on the road and other similar situations. Thus, pollution due to urbanisation is a sad but truthful reality.

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Essay on Pollution due to Urbanization in English

Table of Contents

Essay on Pollution due to Urbanization: Pollution is one of the biggest issues that we as a society face today. The everyday deteriorating environment is a big challenge for humans. The mixing of any harmful substance or pollutants in our natural environment is called pollution. It is due to human activity, many contaminators get introduced into the natural environment thereby polluting it to harmful levels. There are many reasons why pollution occurs and one of the major one is urbanization.

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Long and Short Essay on Pollution due to Urbanization in English

In this section we have tried to cover all aspects of pollution due to urbanization in varying lengths to help you with the same in your exam. You can select any Pollution due to Urbanization essay as per your need:

Essay on Pollution due to Urbanization – Essay 1 (200 words)

Our mother earth is choking and we are helpless. We face many challenges today and one of them is pollution. When any contaminating substance is added in our environment and pollutes our natural resources called pollution. There are many reasons of pollution and human beings are responsible for most of it. Our activities have depleted our natural resources and our natural habitat.

One of the main reasons of human pollution is urbanization. When human being started establishing cities and industrialization happened than the level of pollution started increasing. The harsh reality of urbanization is that many beautiful valleys, mountains, hills stations and forests have been converted into vessels of pollution. The needs of human beings kept on increasing day by day and to satisfy those needs we exploited our mother earth. Trees were cut down, rivers and lakes were contaminated and natural reserves were misused.

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The result today is that we live in highly polluted cities where day to day life is becoming increasingly tuff. We face many health issues due to this urban pollution and the worst part is that we do not even realize that. It is high time that we must now adopt ways to curb this pollution and create a better world for our future generations.

Essay on Pollution due to Urbanization in India – Essay 2 (300 words)

Introduction

The days are gone when kids would roam freely on streets and birds would fly in the sky. Such a nice scene has been very rare to see, nowadays. We should blame ourselves only! India was a land of villages; our culture arose from villages only. But than we did something so bad that we are paying the price of it even today. We have replaced the major part of earth with factories, mills and building causing pollution .

There are Various Levels at which Urban Pollution is happening like:

Types and Causes of Urban Pollution

Air Pollution: The air in the urban areas is always polluted with harmful substances and it is becoming hazardous day by day to breathe. The air in the cities is choking. The smoke from automobiles, factories and power generators make the air unhealthy. There are other factors also like chemical spills and other toxic gases that contaminate the air.
Water Pollution: As it is there are very less natural water sources in the urban areas and the ones that are there are getting increasingly polluted. There is a lot of disposal in the lakes and rivers like household & industrial disposal. A lot of waste gets mixed with rain and washed into the waters .
Soil Pollution: The mixing of toxins in the soil is disturbing the eco-system.
Noise Pollution: Urban areas are one of the noisiest ones. Various sources of noise pollution include traffic noises, loud-speakers and other unwanted noises cause many health issues .
Radioactive Pollution: The accidental leakage by nuclear power plants poses a big threat.
Visual Pollution: The over exposure of visuals in the cities in the form of signs, billboards, screens, high intensity lights etc. are also quite disturbing .
Other than these there is also ‘Thermal pollution’ that is caused by excessive amount of heat trapped in earth’s atmosphere.

Conclusion:

The various means of pollution in urban areas can lead to many health issues in the people living in cities. We are everyday exposed to more than one of these health issues sources.

Essay about Problems Due To Urbanization – Essay 3 (400 words)

We achieved a big step when we urbanized our villages but it came with a price. We surely have a luxurious and a comfortable life in the modern day cities and towns but it has dent a big hole in the health of our environment. It has brought with it many problems that we face. The developing cities saw a rapid growth and this urbanization brought with it a web of difficulties and we seem to be stuck in them.

Problems Due to Urbanization

The need of free space to build roads, buildings and bridges etc made a massive deforestation happen. The trees were cut down, the fields were cleared and space was created to accommodate the ever rising population. It is a no-brainer that cutting of trees is a major reason of pollution. The high density of population created a lack of everything like space, natural resources like water, coal etc.

The interaction of urban population with environment caused some serious problems. The consumption patterns and the lifestyle of urban population changed the environment massively. The urban population consumes more food, energy and water. The air in urban areas is much more polluted than the rural ones. This is mainly because of the use of automobiles and building up of industries and factories that pollute the air at an increasing rate. Almost everything that we use works on electricity. The need for electricity in the cities is always rising and to meet that more power plants are build and that pollutes the air.

The lakes, rivers and any other water bodies in urban areas is always polluted by the dump of industrial waste and sewage. The marine life faces a lot of danger. We cannot ignore that noise pollution is one of the major causes of stress related issues in urban population. More and more trees are cut down to meet the needs of urban people and in exchange very less tress are planted. The use of plastic is another major reason of degradation of environment .

Studies show that urbanization is one of the major causes of depleting natural resources. We are constantly damaging our mother earth and the result is high pollution levels in the cities and towns. It is not possible to reverse the damage that we have already done but we can surely take some preventive measures and control the further damage. It is high time that we take some serious steps to save our planet and leave a better tomorrow .

Essay on Pollution Caused by Urbanization and Its Solutions – Essay 4 (500 words)

The advancement of technology and industrialization has caused the rapid growth in our lifestyle. Long back we started developing cities that are well equipped with all the facilities. The process of urbanization created a big dent in the health of our environment. The natural resources were depleted and this excessive use of technology and energy became a major source of pollution and today we live in a world that is highly polluted and unfit living .

Pollution Caused by Urbanization

There are various pollution that are caused by urbanization like air pollution, noise pollution, water pollution, thermal pollution, global warming, deforestation etc. It is high time that now we must adopt ways and means by which we can improve the health of the environment.

There is a Number of Solutions that we can apply and create a Better Tomorrow.

Solutions and Prevention of Urban Pollution

Conserve Energy: The urban area’s people always use more energy than the rural area’s people. The consumption of energy causes various kinds of pollution. Saving energy wherever possible is one of the best ways to curb pollution. Turn off the electrical appliances when they are not being used. This small step can help in a big way.
Use less water: We waste a lot of water daily and this can lead to bad consequences. We must try and use as less water as possible .
Plant more trees: The urban areas are the ones that have less greeneries. Try to plant many trees and vegetation as much as possible in your surrounding areas. Kitchen garden and small lawn near home is a good idea .
Green belts: Government can help and declare some areas in every city as green belts so that trees and other plants can be grown there without any obstruction .
Use less loudspeakers: The minimum use of loud speakers can reduce the noise pollution a lot. Decreasing the volume of music at functions after a certain time is also a good move.
Indoors: The indoors of the homes are also highly polluted in cities. We must have some plants inside the homes also, that can filter the indoor polluted air.
Industrial waste: The factory owners must try and make possible that industrial waste is not dumped in the lakes or rivers. Government can also make laws for the same.
Say no to plastic: Plastic is one of the most harmful substances that can pollute air, water and soil all together. We must try and minimize the use of plastic as much as possible. Use just cloth bags instead of plastic.
Use Public transport: Avoid using cars and bikes for daily use. Try to use public transport, bicycle and car pools. This will not only curb air pollution but will also decrease the traffic on roads.
Walk: Try to go to nearby areas on foot i.e. walking, this will reduce pollution and will also improve your health .
Better garbage disposal: Use the structural methods of garbage disposal in cities.

A small step can help in a big way and contribution of every citizen will make the urban areas more livable. Following these simple steps and with a little help from the government, we can definitely reduce the city pollution a lot. If we do not wake up today and do not realize the worst condition of natural resources then after some time our future generations will not be able to survive, It’s far to enjoy the environment .

Essay on Pollution Due To Urbanization and Digital India – Essay 5 (600 words)

In order to create a better tomorrow we have created a difficult toady. We have urbanized our villages and made them into hi-tech cities that have all the modern facilities and everyday we are creating something or the other new. Today we all dream of a digital India. In a country every citizen uses technology for his/her betterment. We aim to create a world where everything is just a button push away. Everyday more and more Indians are using technology for making their day to day life easy. Today we have become the slaves of technology and cannot live without technology even for a minute. We need to be connected all the time. Even our government is trying to transform the nation into a digitally empowered society.

Digital India and Environmental Importance

We see a smart phone in the hands of everybody even a labor of these days. Everybody understands the power and the reach of the internet. We no more call, now video call our loved ones. Any information can reach to any corner of the world in seconds now. We cannot ignore the power of digitalization. But what is the important question here is that can digitization of the digital movement be ‘environmental substantial’. We must ask this question to the founding fathers of digital India; can they assure that through this digitization our precious environment will not be harmed? Is it possible to move forward with modernization without harming the natural resources and without disturbing the ecological balance?

The digital revolution is such thing which touches every aspect of our life as it connects us to the rest of the world all the time. We all know that the digital appliances have carbon emissions and that has harmful effects on our eco system. We are also aware that these appliances emit radiations that are very harmful for humans. It is also advised not to keep mobile phones very near to your head or heart at night.

So in short, these digital devices are more harmful than helpful. We are also consuming power at a rapid speed and soon all the power will be exhausted. We are creating new and more advanced devices day by and day and we forget that all these use power and more devices means more use of power. The consumption is increasing day by day but what we do not realize that natural resources are scarce. There will be a day when they will not be able to satisfy our power needs. Soon there will be a time when these devices will become uncontrollable and we will then suffer from the harmful effects.

The digital India comes with a cost. It can have effects on us at many levels like, it pollutes our environment, it degrades our ecosystem and most importantly it causes many harmful effects on our physical health. The radiations cause vision problems, headaches and many other such issues. What we lack are the tools of awareness that can tell us how to control these effects. Do we really need a digital India today that cannot promise a better tomorrow?

There is a strong need to create a mass concern effort that can bring awareness about these problems. Digitization is good but it must be in controlled levels so that we can move forward but also make sure that our environment is safe. It is our duty to leave a pollution free environment and safe world for our future generations.

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Essay on Pollution Due to Urbanisation

Introduction.

We often consider urbanisation to be a positive phenomenon. To a large extent, it is rightly so. We know how remote areas get developed, and huge infrastructure is set up as part of urbanisation. This leads to the creation of many educational and job opportunities so that people can lead better lives. Well, urbanisation sounds really interesting, right? But we must also be aware of how it contributes to pollution, and this essay on pollution due to urbanisation will be helpful to know more about it.

Children are familiar with air pollution , water pollution, and land pollution. It is time that we teach them how urbanisation leads to pollution and causes harm to the environment. Like building schools, hospitals and factories, and roads are also developed as part of urbanisation, increasing the chances of pollution by air, water or land. This short essay on pollution due to urbanisation will delve more into this topic.

Negative Effects of Urbanisation

Due to urbanisation, factories and industries are springing up in different places, and the number of vehicles on the road is increasing. The air and gases emitted from factories and vehicles contaminate the atmosphere, thus leading to pollution. In this essay on pollution due to urbanisation, we will see how urbanisation is a major threat to the environment .

The air in cities has become toxic due to the harmful gases and smoke given out by automobiles and factories. Besides, household and industrial wastes are dumped into the water bodies, thus making them unsafe for consumption and use.

We will also see other ways in which urbanisation is causing pollution in the environment through this short essay on pollution due to urbanisation. Trees are cut down to build houses and buildings, and there is a significant rise in noise pollution and land pollution because of urbanisation. Eventually, people will struggle to get clean food and water for survival and suffer from many health issues. Moreover, our environment will deteriorate as all our natural resources will get depleted, resulting in phenomena like global warming , deforestation and acid rain, among others.

Ways to Reduce Pollution Due to Urbanisation

We dream of making every village a city by constructing schools, buildings, offices and roads. Urbanisation is seen as a sign of development, and hence, we believe it to be good for us. But it is equally important to address the issues of pollution to truly enjoy the benefits of urbanisation. This essay on pollution due to urbanisation will now discuss some effective measures to curb pollution by various means.

By fixing leaky pipes, segregating dry/wet and paper/plastic waste, reusing plastic bottles, and using biogas for cooking, we can limit the pollution from households. Besides, we can ensure proper disposal of industrial waste without dumping it in water or land. Industries must also take care to use non-toxic chemicals or materials and set up efficient machines. Thus, this short essay on pollution due to urbanisation emphasises taking active steps to reduce pollution.

Urbanisation is an important developmental measure for any country, but we must ensure that it takes place without damaging the environment. Let us also make our children aware of this problem through this essay on pollution due to urbanisation. You can check out more amazing essays, stories , GK questions, and worksheets for kids on our website.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is urbanisation.

Urbanisation is the process of turning rural villages and areas into modern cities by constructing roads, buildings, schools and offices.

Does urbanisation cause pollution?

Since urbanisation involves setting up factories and building roads, pollution is bound to happen through the air, water, soil, land, and noise.

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Essay on Pollution due to Urbanization in English for Students Exams

December 29, 2023 entranciology Full Essays and Articles For All Competitive Exams 0

Urbanization, the rapid growth of cities and towns, is a defining feature of modern society. While it brings about economic development, improved infrastructure, and increased opportunities, it also comes with a hidden cost—pollution. As urban areas expand, pollution emerges as a pervasive challenge, affecting air, water, and soil quality. This essay explores the multifaceted impacts of pollution due to urbanization, highlighting the need for sustainable urban development and environmental stewardship.

Air Pollution

The concentration of industries, vehicular traffic, and increased energy consumption in urban areas contribute significantly to air pollution. Emissions from vehicles, industrial processes, and power plants release pollutants such as particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, and volatile organic compounds. These pollutants not only degrade air quality but also pose serious health risks, leading to respiratory diseases, cardiovascular problems, and other adverse health effects among urban populations.

Water Pollution

Urbanization often leads to increased impervious surfaces, such as roads and pavements, which hinder the natural filtration of water through soil. Consequently, urban runoff carries pollutants such as heavy metals, pesticides, and debris into water bodies, contaminating rivers, lakes, and groundwater. Poorly managed wastewater disposal from industrial and residential sources further exacerbates water pollution, threatening aquatic ecosystems and jeopardizing the availability of safe drinking water.

Soil Contamination

Urbanization introduces a variety of contaminants into the soil, including heavy metals, pesticides, and industrial chemicals. Construction activities, improper waste disposal, and industrial runoff contribute to soil degradation. Contaminated soil not only affects the health of plants but also poses risks to human health through the consumption of contaminated food.

Noise Pollution

The bustling nature of urban areas, characterized by constant human activity, vehicular traffic, and industrial operations, results in elevated noise levels. Noise pollution has adverse effects on physical and mental well-being, causing stress, sleep disturbances, and hearing impairments. It also disrupts ecosystems, impacting wildlife behavior and communication.

Heat Island Effect

Urbanization leads to the creation of heat islands, where the abundance of concrete and asphalt surfaces absorbs and retains heat. This phenomenon raises local temperatures, contributing to increased energy consumption for cooling purposes and negatively affecting the urban microclimate. The heat island effect compounds the challenges of climate change, amplifying temperature extremes and impacting the overall livability of urban areas.

Solutions and Sustainable Urban Development

Addressing pollution due to urbanization requires a holistic approach to urban planning and development. Sustainable practices, such as green infrastructure, efficient waste management, and the promotion of public transportation, can mitigate the environmental impact of urbanization. Embracing renewable energy sources, implementing green building standards, and creating green spaces within urban landscapes contribute to a more sustainable and resilient urban environment.

Public Awareness and Advocacy

Public awareness is key to fostering a sense of responsibility and encouraging sustainable practices among urban dwellers. Education campaigns, community engagement, and advocacy for environmentally friendly policies can empower individuals to make informed choices that contribute to pollution reduction and overall environmental health.

As urbanization continues to shape the global landscape, it is imperative to acknowledge and address the environmental challenges it brings. Pollution resulting from urbanization poses threats to human health, biodiversity, and the overall well-being of urban environments. By embracing sustainable urban development practices, implementing effective policies, and fostering a culture of environmental responsibility, cities can navigate the path to growth without compromising the health of the planet and its inhabitants. The vision for the future must be one where urbanization and environmental sustainability coexist harmoniously, ensuring a healthy and thriving planet for generations to come.

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Pollution due to Urbanization – IELTS Writing Task 2

Updated On Oct 07, 2021

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Pollution due to Urbanization – IELTS Writing Task 2

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Pollution due to Urbanization. Do you agree or disagree?

Opinion Essay

Introduction

Sentence 1&2 – Introduce the topic.

Sentence 3 – I agree with the notion of the essay.

Body Paragraphs

Paragraph 1 – Human beings have exploited natural resources to fulfil their needs.

Paragraph 2 – urbanization also has an impact on the health of the masses, in addition to its environmental impact.

Sum up the points discussed in the essay.

Sample Essay

In today’s society, pollution is one of the most pressing issues . Our environment is deteriorating at an alarming rate, posing a great challenge for humans. The urbanization of the world has been cited as a source of pollution, and I completely agree with this opinion.

The increasing sense of prosperity and job opportunities in cities attracts people. Globally, 50% of the population already lives in cities. As the urban population is increasing, ample space is necessary for buildings, roads, and bridges. Massive deforestation is arising as a result. A growing population called for the cutting of trees, the clearing of fields, and increased space. Evidently, cutting trees contributes to pollution. As a result of the high density of population, natural resources like water, coal, etc. are becoming scarce. Air and water quality are worsened. There is insufficient water, waste disposal issues are exacerbated , and the energy consumption is high. Sadly, urbanization has posed a challenge to the ability of many valleys, mountains, hill stations, and forests to prevent the pollution of these natural locales. Increasingly, human beings have exploited mother earth to fulfill their needs.

The WHO says that urbanization also has an impact on the health of the masses, in addition to its environmental impact. Considering it causes more than 9 million deaths worldwide annually, air pollution from anthropogenic sources is one of the biggest health risks worldwide. In addition to that, the health hazards that come from the soil, water, noise, and radioactive pollution are also numerous.

Nevertheless, some cite the argument that pollution is a global problem that’s not just confined to urban areas. But studies in sparsely populated areas showed that they are less polluted and have a healthier lifestyle.

In conclusion, urbanization is one of the main factors contributing to natural resource depletion . Pollution levels in cities and towns are high because of the constant deterioration of our mother earth.

Pressing issues

Meaning: Problem, need, or issue has to be dealt with immediately. Eg: Rising level of unemployment is the pressing issue of our county.

Deteriorating-

Meaning: to become worse Eg: The political tension is deteriorating into a civil war.

Meaning: clearly; that can be easily seen or understood Eg: Evidently, he no longer has the strength to fight back.

Exacerbated

Meaning: to make something worse, especially a disease or problem Eg: Her presence exacerbated the whole situation.

Anthropogenic

Meaning: originating in human activity. Eg : The overwhelming evidence points to the reality of anthropogenic global warming.

Meaning: a source or a situation with the potential for harm Eg: The sign indicated it was hazardous.

Meaning: to quote or refer to in substantiation as an authority, proof, or example. Eg: H cited a passage from the principal’s speech.

Meaning: very small, or to stay within the limits of something Eg: He was confined to jail for ten years.

Sparsely populated

Meaning an area that contains few people. Eg: The Atlantics are sparsely populated

Meaning to decrease seriously or exhaust the abundance or supply of Eg: The fire depleted the flora and fauna of the forest.

Practice IELTS Writing Task 2 based on Essay types

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Janice Thompson

Soon after graduating with a Master’s in Literature from Southern Arkansas University, she joined an institute as an English language trainer. She has had innumerous student interactions and has produced a couple of research papers on English language teaching. She soon found that non-native speakers struggled to meet the English language requirements set by foreign universities. It was when she decided to jump ship into IELTS training. From then on, she has been mentoring IELTS aspirants. She joined IELTSMaterial about a year ago, and her contributions have been exceptional. Her essay ideas and vocabulary have taken many students to a band 9.

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Essay on Pollution Due to Urbanisation

Students are often asked to write an essay on Pollution Due to Urbanisation in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

100 Words Essay on Pollution Due to Urbanisation

Introduction.

Urbanisation is the shift of population from rural to urban areas. It’s a sign of progress, but it also brings pollution.

Causes of Pollution

Effects of pollution.

Pollution harms our health, affects wildlife, and contributes to climate change.

While urbanisation is necessary, we must also focus on sustainable development to reduce pollution.

250 Words Essay on Pollution Due to Urbanisation

Types of pollution.

Urbanisation primarily contributes to air, water, and noise pollution. Rapid industrialisation, increasing vehicles, and construction activities have intensified the release of harmful pollutants into the air. Water sources are contaminated by industrial effluents and domestic waste, while the incessant noise from vehicles and industries disrupts the tranquillity of urban areas.

Impact on Environment and Health

This pollution has far-reaching impacts on both the environment and human health. It leads to climate change, biodiversity loss, and degradation of natural resources. For humans, exposure to polluted air and water increases the risk of respiratory diseases, cardiovascular conditions, and other health problems.

Need for Sustainable Urbanisation

500 words essay on pollution due to urbanisation.

Urbanisation, the process of transforming rural areas into urban spaces, has been a double-edged sword for humanity. On one hand, it has brought about economic growth, social development, and technological advancements. On the other hand, it has led to an unprecedented increase in pollution, posing a serious threat to the environment and human health.

The Impact of Urbanisation on Air Quality

Urbanisation and water pollution, the role of urbanisation in soil and noise pollution.

Soil pollution is another environmental issue exacerbated by urbanisation. The construction of buildings, roads, and other infrastructure often involves the removal of topsoil, leading to soil degradation. Additionally, the improper disposal of solid waste in urban areas can lead to soil contamination.

Noise pollution, often overlooked, is a significant byproduct of urbanisation. The constant din of traffic, construction, and other urban activities can have serious implications for human health, including stress-related illnesses, hearing loss, and sleep disturbances.

Urbanisation and the Heat Island Effect

In conclusion, while urbanisation brings about numerous benefits, it also contributes significantly to various forms of pollution. Therefore, it is crucial to adopt sustainable urban planning and development practices. This includes promoting energy-efficient technologies, improving waste management systems, and preserving green spaces. Only through such measures can we ensure that the process of urbanisation is in harmony with the environment, thus securing a healthier and more sustainable future for all.

Apart from these, you can look at all the essays by clicking here .

Essay on Pollution Due to Urbanisation

Urbanization refers to the process of increasing population and industrialization in urban areas. As cities continue to grow and expand, pollution caused by urbanization has become a significant environmental concern. Urbanization leads to increased pollution in many forms, including air pollution, water pollution, and noise pollution.

Air pollution is one of the most significant environmental problems caused by urbanization. Urban areas typically have a high concentration of vehicles, industry, and power plants, all of which are major sources of air pollution. The burning of fossil fuels, such as coal and oil, releases harmful pollutants, including particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen oxides, into the air. These pollutants can have a range of negative health effects, including respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. In addition, air pollution can also damage crops and buildings, and contribute to climate change.

Water pollution

Water pollution is another major problem caused by urbanization. Urban areas typically have a high population density, which leads to an increase in the amount of waste and sewage produced. This can lead to the pollution of water sources, including rivers, lakes, and oceans, with harmful chemicals and pollutants. In addition, urbanization can also lead to the destruction of natural habitats, such as wetlands and rivers, which can negatively impact local ecosystems.

Noise pollution

Noise pollution is another environmental problem caused by urbanization. Urban areas typically have a high level of traffic and industrial noise, which can have negative effects on human health and well-being. Noise pollution can cause hearing loss, sleep disturbances, and stress, and can also negatively impact wildlife.

Urbanization also contributes to the destruction of natural habitats and loss of biodiversity. Urban areas often require large amounts of land for development, which leads to the destruction of forests, wetlands, and other natural habitats. This can have a negative impact on local ecosystems and wildlife, and can also contribute to climate change.

Urbanization can also lead to a lack of green spaces and access to nature in urban areas. This can have negative effects on human health and well-being, as well as negatively impacting local ecosystems.

To address the pollution caused by urbanization, there are several actions that can be taken. One approach is to reduce the use of fossil fuels and promote the use of clean energy sources, such as solar and wind power. This can help to reduce air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. In addition, strict regulations and laws can be implemented to control and minimize pollution from industrial and transportation sources.

Another approach is to promote sustainable urban planning and development. This can include incorporating green spaces and access to nature in urban areas, promoting compact and efficient land use, and encouraging the use of public transportation.

Finally, individuals can also play a role in reducing pollution caused by urbanization by making eco-friendly choices and taking actions such as reducing energy consumption, using public transportation, and recycling.

Urbanization leads to a range of environmental problems, including air pollution, water pollution, noise pollution, loss of biodiversity, and lack of green spaces. To address these problems, a combination of policy measures, urban planning and individual actions are required. These measures include reducing the use of fossil fuels, promoting sustainable urban planning and development, and encouraging individuals to make eco-friendly choices and take actions to reduce pollution. By taking these actions, we can help to reduce the negative impact of urbanization on the environment and improve the health and well-being of both people and the planet.

A cloak of smog gives Fresno, California, a hazy look. Smog, a hybrid of the words "smoke" and "fog," is caused when sunlight reacts with airborne pollution, including ash, dust, and ground-level ozone.

Urban Threats

Urbanization spurs a unique set of issues to both humans and animals.

The promise of jobs and prosperity, among other factors, pulls people to cities. Half of the global population already lives in cities, and by 2050 two-thirds of the world's people are expected to live in urban areas. But in cities two of the most pressing problems facing the world today also come together: poverty and environmental degradation.

Poor air and water quality, insufficient water availability, waste-disposal problems, and high energy consumption are exacerbated by the increasing population density and demands of urban environments. Strong city planning will be essential in managing these and other difficulties as the world's urban areas swell.

Intensive urban growth can lead to greater poverty, with local governments unable to provide services for all people.
Concentrated energy use leads to greater air pollution with significant impact on human health.
Automobile exhaust produces elevated lead levels in urban air.
Large volumes of uncollected waste create multiple health hazards.
Urban development can magnify the risk of environmental hazards such as flash flooding .
Pollution and physical barriers to root growth promote loss of urban tree cover.
Animal populations are inhibited by toxic substances, vehicles, and the loss of habitat and food sources.
Combat poverty by promoting economic development and job creation.
Involve local community in local government.
Reduce air pollution by upgrading energy use and alternative transport systems.
Create private-public partnerships to provide services such as waste disposal and housing.
Plant trees and incorporate the care of city green spaces as a key element in urban planning.

Travelers rushing through New York's busy Grand Central Station

Indonesia's giant capital city is sinking. Can the government's plan save it?

pollution due to urbanization essay with outline

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Essay on Pollution due to Urbanisation | Essay Writing in English for Students

Essay on pollution due to urbanisation.

Urbanisation, the growth of cities, improves our lives but also leads to problems like pollution due to increased human activities. Urbanisation has led to various forms of pollution, including air, water, and land and noise pollution affecting the environment, human health, and overall quality of life in urban areas.

Air pollution is caused by vehicles, industries, and construction work. They release harmful gases and particles into the air, leading to health problems like respiratory issues, allergies, asthma, heart diseases, and lung cancer. Many cities in India are heavily polluted. Delhi, for instance, experiences severe smog during winter, impacting public health.

Water pollution is a big concern in cities. It arises from waste and chemicals discharged into water bodies from factories and homes. This pollution harms aquatic life and makes water unsafe for consumption.

Land pollution is another issue. Rapid urban growth results in increased waste generation, including plastics, electronic waste, and hazardous materials. Improper disposal of these wastes leads to land contamination. This affects soil quality and poses risks to human health and biodiversity.

Noise pollution is another problem in cities due to traffic, construction, and industrial activities. Excessive noise can disturb sleep, cause stress, and have a negative impact on overall physical and mental well-being.

To reduce pollution, we can use cleaner fuels, treat wastewater before releasing it, and recycle our waste. Planting trees and creating parks can also help reduce pollution and create a healthier environment. We must work together to protect our environment and create clean, safe, and peaceful cities for living.

Essay on Pollution due to Urbanisation for Class 10, 12 and Mains Exam

Essay on pollution due to urbanisation for class 10, 12, mains exam (upsc, psc, ssc).

The earth over the last few decades is facing the perilous problem of pollution. Pollution refers to the contamination of the environment, by means of infusing pollutants. Pollution due to urbanization has been posing severe threat to the earth and made the life of human beings miserable. Urbanization means the system of bringing about infrastructural development in the rural areas by means of deforestation, averting the notion of afforestation at large. Infrastructural development is immensely demanded in the remote areas as there is barely any sign of economic and socio-cultural development. Population explosion also contributes to deforestation, as more lands are used to build houses to accommodate the people. Industries are set up to employ the unemployed people, healthcare establishments are built to cater to the health issues of increasing number of people, educational institutions are set up to educate the increasing number of students. All these infrastructural developments due to urbanization contribute to the cause of pollution.

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Our recommended essay structure above comprises of fifteen (15) sentences, which will make your essay approximately 250 to 275 words.

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Essay on Pollution due to Urbanization

Pollution is one of the biggest issues that we as a society face today. The everyday deteriorating environment is a big challenge for humans. The mixing of any harmful substance or pollutants in our natural environment is called pollution. It is due to human activity, many contaminators get introduced in the natural environment thereby polluting it to harmful levels. There are many reasons why pollution occurs and one of the major one is urbanization.

Long and Short Essay on Pollution due to Urbanization in English

Essay on Pollution due to Urbanization – Essay 1 (200 words)

Essay on Pollution due to Urbanization in India – Essay 2 (300 words)

Introduction

There are Various Levels at which Urban Pollution is happening like:

Types and Causes of Urban Pollution

Air Pollution: The air in the urban areas is always polluted with harmful substances and it is becoming hazardous day by day to breathe. The air in the cities is choking. The smoke from automobiles, factories and power generators make the air unhealthy. There are other factors also like chemical spills and other toxic gases that contaminate the air.
Water Pollution: As it is there are very less natural water sources in the urban areas and the ones that are there are getting increasingly polluted. There is a lot of disposal in the lakes and rivers like household & industrial disposal. A lot of waste gets mixed with rain and washed into the waters .
Soil Pollution: The mixing of toxins in the soil is disturbing the eco-system.
Noise Pollution: Urban areas are one of the noisiest ones. Various sources of noise pollution include traffic noises, loud-speakers and other unwanted noises cause many health issues .
Radioactive Pollution: The accidental leakage by nuclear power plants poses a big threat.
Visual Pollution: The over exposure of visuals in the cities in the form of signs, billboards, screens, high intensity lights etc. are also quite disturbing .
Other than these there is also ‘Thermal pollution’ that is caused by excessive amount of heat trapped in earth’s atmosphere.

Conclusion:

The various means of pollution in urban areas can lead to many health issues in the people living in cities. We are everyday exposed to more than one of these health issues sources.

Essay about Problems Due To Urbanization – Essay 3 (400 words)

Problems Due to Urbanization

Essay on Pollution Caused by Urbanization and Its Solutions – Essay 4 (500 words)

Pollution Caused by Urbanization

There is a Number of Solutions that we can apply and create a Better Tomorrow.

Solutions and Prevention of Urban Pollution

Conserve Energy: The urban area’s people always use more energy than the rural area’s people. The consumption of energy causes various kinds of pollution. Saving energy wherever possible is one of the best ways to curb pollution. Turn off the electrical appliances when they are not being used. This small step can help in a big way.
Use less water: We waste a lot of water daily and this can lead to bad consequences. We must try and use as less water as possible .
Plant more trees: The urban areas are the ones that have less greeneries. Try to plant many trees and vegetation as much as possible in your surrounding areas. Kitchen garden and small lawn near home is a good idea .
Green belts: Government can help and declare some areas in every city as green belts so that trees and other plants can be grown there without any obstruction .
Use less loudspeakers: The minimum use of loud speakers can reduce the noise pollution a lot. Decreasing the volume of music at functions after a certain time is also a good move.
Indoors: The indoors of the homes are also highly polluted in cities. We must have some plants inside the homes also, that can filter the indoor polluted air.
Industrial waste: The factory owners must try and make possible that industrial waste is not dumped in the lakes or rivers. Government can also make laws for the same.
Say no to plastic: Plastic is one of the most harmful substances that can pollute air, water and soil all together. We must try and minimize the use of plastic as much as possible. Use just cloth bags instead of plastic.
Use Public transport: Avoid using cars and bikes for daily use. Try to use public transport, bicycle and car pools. This will not only curb air pollution but will also decrease the traffic on roads.
Walk: Try to go to nearby areas on foot i.e. walking, this will reduce pollution and will also improve your health .
Better garbage disposal: Use the structural methods of garbage disposal in cities.

Essay on Pollution Due To Urbanization and Digital India – Essay 5 (600 words)

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Published: 02 January 2020

Urbanization: a problem for the rich and the poor?

Md Abdul Kuddus 1 , 2 , 4 ,
Elizabeth Tynan 3 &
Emma McBryde 1 , 2

Public Health Reviews volume 41 , Article number: 1 ( 2020 ) Cite this article

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Urbanization has long been associated with human development and progress, but recent studies have shown that urban settings can also lead to significant inequalities and health problems. This paper is concerned with the adverse impact of urbanization on both developed and developing nations and both wealthy and poor populations within those nations, addressing issues associated with public health problems in urban areas. The discussion in this paper will be of interest to policy makers. The paper advocates policies that improve the socio-economic conditions of the urban poor and promote their better health. Further, this discussion encourages wealthy people and nations to become better informed about the challenges that may arise when urbanization occurs in their regions without the required social supports and infrastructure.

Urbanization refers to the mass movement of populations from rural to urban settings and the consequent physical changes to urban settings. In 2019, the United Nations estimated that more than half the world’s population (4.2 billion people) now live in urban area and by 2041, this figure will increase to 6 billion people [ 1 ].

Cities are known to play multifaceted functions in all societies. They are the heart of technological development and economic growth of many nations, while at the same time serving as a breeding ground for poverty, inequality, environmental hazards, and communicable diseases [ 2 ]. When large numbers of people congregate in cities, many problems result, particularly for the poor. For example, many rural migrants who settle in an urban slum area bring their families and their domesticated animals—both pets and livestock—with them. This influx of humans and animals leads to vulnerability of all migrants to circulating communicable diseases and the potential to establish an urban transmission cycle. Further, most urban poor live in slums that are unregulated, have congested conditions, are overcrowded, are positioned near open sewers, and restricted to geographically dangerous areas such as hillsides, riverbanks, and water basins subject to landslides, flooding, or industrial hazards. All of these factors lead to the spread of communicable and non-communicable diseases, pollution, poor nutrition, road traffic, and so on [ 3 , 4 , 5 ]. The problems faced by the poor spill over to other city dwellers. As the trend to urbanization continues, this spillover effect increases and takes on a global dimension as more and more of the world’s populations are affected [ 3 ].

Some of the major health problems resulting from urbanization include poor nutrition, pollution-related health conditions and communicable diseases, poor sanitation and housing conditions, and related health conditions. These have direct impacts on individual quality of life, while straining public health systems and resources [ 6 ].

Urbanization has a major negative impact on the nutritional health of poor populations. Because they have limited financial resources and the cost of food is higher in cities, the urban poor lack nutritious diets and this leads to illness, which contributes to loss of appetite and poor absorption of nutrients among those affected. Furthermore, environmental contamination also contributes to undernutrition; street food is often prepared in unhygienic conditions, leading to outbreaks of food-borne illnesses (e.g., botulism, salmonellosis, and shigellosis) [ 6 ]. Urban dwellers also suffer from overnutrition and obesity, a growing global public health problem. Obesity and other lifestyle conditions contribute to chronic diseases (such as cancers, diabetes, and heart diseases). Although obesity is most common among the wealthy, international agencies have noted the emergence of increased weight among the middle class and poor in recent years [ 7 ].

Populations in poor nations that suffer from protein-energy malnutrition [ 8 ] have increased susceptibility to infection [ 9 ] through the impact of micronutrient deficiency on immune system development and function [ 10 ]. Around 168 million children under 5 are estimated to be malnourished and 76% of these children live in Asia [ 11 ]. At the same time, the World Health Organization is concerned that there is an emerging pandemic of obesity in poor countries that leads to non-communicable diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, hypertension, and stroke [ 12 ].

Obesity is caused by increased caloric intake and decreased physical activity [ 13 ], something historically associated with wealth. However, people in urbanized areas of developing countries are also now vulnerable to obesity due to lack of physical space, continually sitting in workplaces, and excessive energy intake and low energy expenditure. In these areas, infrastructure is often lacking, including sufficient space for recreational activities. Further, in developing countries, as in developed countries, large employers frequently place head offices in urban capitals and work is increasingly sedentary in nature [ 14 ]. Another culprit associated with the risk of developing obesity is the change in food intake that has led to the so-called nutrition transition (increased the consumption of animal-source foods, sugar, fats and oils, refined grains, and processed foods) in urban areas. For instance, in China, dietary patterns have changed concomitantly with urbanization in the past 30 years, leading to increased obesity [ 15 ]. In 2003, the World Health Organization estimated that more than 300 million adults were affected, the majority in developed and highly urbanized countries [ 16 ]. Since then, the prevalence of obesity has increased. For example, in Australia, around 28% of adults were obese in 2014–2015 [ 17 ].

Pollution is another major contributor to poor health in urban environments. For instance, the World Health Organization estimated that 6.5 million people died (11.6% of all global deaths) as a consequence of indoor and outdoor air pollution and nearly 90% of air-pollution-related deaths occurred in low- and middle-income countries [ 18 ]. Poor nutrition and pollution both contribute to a third major challenge for urban populations: communicable diseases. The poor live in congested conditions, near open sewers and stagnant water, and are therefore constantly exposed to unhealthy waste [ 6 ]. Inadequate sanitation can lead to the transmission of helminths and other intestinal parasites. Pollution (e.g., from CO 2 emission) from congested urban areas contributes to localized and global climate change and direct health problems, such as respiratory illnesses, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer for both the rich and the poor.

In addition to human-to-human transmission, animals and insects serve as efficient vectors for diseases within urban settings and do not discriminate between the rich and poor. The prevalence and impact of communicable diseases in urban settings, such as tuberculosis (TB), malaria, cholera, dengue, and others, is well established and of global concern.

National and international researchers and policy makers have explored various strategies to address such problems, yet the problems remain. For example, research on solutions for megacities has been ongoing since the early 1990s [ 19 , 20 ]. These studies have concluded that pollution, unreliable electricity, and non-functioning infrastructure are priority initiatives; nevertheless, air pollution, quality of water in cities, congestion, disaster management issues, and infrastructure are not being systematically addressed [ 19 , 20 ].

The impact of inner city transportation on health, such as road traffic, is emerging as a serious problem. Statistics show that a minimum of 10 people die every day on the railways in the city of Mumbai, India [ 21 ]. Vietnam is another example of a country that has seen a remarkable increase in road traffic accidents [ 22 ]. Improvements to the country’s infrastructure have not been able to meet the increasing growth of vehicular and human traffic on the street. Vietnam reportedly has a population of 95 million and more than 18 million motorbikes on its roads. A deliberate policy is needed to reduce accidents [ 21 ].

Although urbanization has become an irreversible phenomenon, some have argued that to resolve the problems of the city, we must tackle the root causes of the problem, such as improving the socio-economic situation of the urban poor.

Until the conditions in rural areas improve, populations will continue to migrate to urban settings. Given the challenges that rural development poses, the root causes are unlikely to be addressed in the near future. Therefore, governments and development agencies should concentrate on adapting to the challenges of urbanization, while seeking to reduce unplanned urbanization.

Some examples of policies and practices that should be considered include (i) policies that consider whole-of-life journeys, incorporating accessible employment, community participation, mobility/migration and social transition, to break generational poverty cycles; (ii) policies addressing urban environmental issues, such as planned urban space and taxes on the use of vehicles to reduce use or to encourage vehicles that use less fuel as well as encourage bicycle use, walking, and other forms of human transportation; (iii) greater cooperative planning between rural and urban regions to improve food security (e.g., subsidies for farmers providing locally produced, unprocessed and low cost food to urban centers); (iv) social protection and universal health coverage to reduce wealth disparity among urban dwellers; including introduction of programs and services for health, for example by establishing primary healthcare clinics accessible and affordable for all including those living in urban slums [ 23 ].

Availability of data and materials

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the editor for his/her thoughtful comments and efforts towards improving the manuscript.

This work was conducted as a part of a PhD programme of the first authors and funded by the College of Medicine and Dentistry at the James Cook University, Australia (JCU-QLD-933347).

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Kuddus, M.A., Tynan, E. & McBryde, E. Urbanization: a problem for the rich and the poor?. Public Health Rev 41 , 1 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40985-019-0116-0

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Essay on Pollution Crisis in Urban Areas

August 29, 2021 by Sandeep

The presence of poisonous, contaminating substances in the environment around us creates havoc to the dwelling space and introduces harmful and non-biodegradable substances. These harmful chemical-laden toxic elements cause ‘pollution.’ Below, we have provided pollution crisis in urban areas essay, suitable for aspirants preparing for competitive exams.

Urbanisation and Pollution

Man and his ways have polluted the environment around us; it’s a phenomenon prevailing since many millions of years and has reached alarming levels today. The concern in the urban areas is more severe because the greenery belt in the metros cities is severely low, and pollution levels are very high. There is no control on pollution and no scientific checks that can solidly create a lasting impact to decrease pollution levels.

Urban areas have a higher density of vehicles, more emissions from factories and industries, a higher rate of food adulteration, etc. This has caused an overall rise in the average temperatures, created a way for global warming. Due to this, people are suffering from deadly diseases, like cancer and asthma, acid rains are becoming more common. Air, water, land pollution is fully contaminating the environment around us severely.

Burning of Farm Residues

Whenever we take a long drive towards the out suits of any city, we can find thick and thin piles of smoke swelling up from small or big farmlands. It could be paddy straws that are being burnt or any other agricultural leftovers. They cause major reasons for pollution . They can be detrimental to our health too. They have very high small micro-level particles that can choke our lungs and trouble the respiratory system. The concentration of these fine particles in the residue burning would be so high that the smoke can enter the nearby, immediate urban landscape and cause huge damage to the lungs.

Very high levels of toxic elements like nitrogen, phosphorus, etc., are found in this kind of smoke emitting residue burning. The levels of potassium and sulphur can act upon the neighbouring lands and destroy the top layers of the soil. Thus even fertile lands can become barren and unfit for cultivation. This issue could be circled under the group of soil pollution.

The Air Act of 1981 considers burning crops and farm residues an unacceptable and punishable act and can be tried under a judicial lens. But strict enforcement of laws by authorities at the grassroots level is almost absent, making it easy for farmers to continue with their unscientific acts. A simple remedy to this burning issue could be to find alternate rises of farm residues to avoid burning them.

Indian Transportation of Pollution

As chocolates are to children, so is motor pollution to vehicles plying on Indian roads, especially city and urban areas. The environment is degraded by pollutants emitted out from the fumes of exhausts fitted to vehicles. They have ill effects on plant life, animal life and destroy the delicate balance present in the ecosystem. The motor or vehicular pollutants include carbon monoxide, toxic nitrogen oxide, ammonia, high hydrogen, and sulphur dioxide levels. Economic liberation in urban areas has made people more outgoing in their choices of vehicles.

A small family of four now has all four members having four different vehicles to use. It is not about necessity; it is a question of luxury. So the amount of pollution previously caused by a family vehicle has proportionately increased to nearly four-fold. The term ‘car pollution’ is commonly used in urban areas for obvious reasons. The greenhouse emissions can cause a lot of destruction to our atmosphere.

Petrol and diesel, when burnt, release harmful by-products into the environment. The smoke released from cars contains a huge list of pollutants. Particulate matter can choke our lungs and lead to deadly diseases like cancer. The fuel that silently escapes fuel tanks in vehicles is very toxic. They can silently deplete the protective layers of the atmosphere and add to the greenhouse effect.

Better Management of Resources

The primary and most prominent form of pollution in urban areas that reduces the green belt and improves specific contamination is air pollution . We cannot just blame vehicles for pollution. In our day-to-day lives, we depend on plastic items for almost every other need.

We have plastic toothbrushes, plastic mugs, plastic pens, etc. Our whole life revolves around plastic usage! Plastic, after being thrown, does not decay and can cause major health hazards that can’t be cured. Every year along big seashores, we find whales falling dead on the shore with a stomach filled with tons of plastic. So plastic is not a good choice, and we can replace it with other alternatives.

When we step outside our rooms, we forget to turn off lights and fans, leading to energy wastage. Every house, be it in urban or rural background, churns out piles of waste from their homes every day. A scientific way of waste disposal could end soil pollution and attract better ways of handling and treating waste and disposed of resources.

Paper can be recycled, but plastic cannot be recycled. So we can replace our plastic bags and use paper bags in their place. We have to ensure the safe disposal of paints, varnishes, worn-out batteries. Not disposing of them could pollute the air in the immediate environment/neighbourhood and cause further pollution.

Pollution and Loss to National Income

As we begin to put more things into our wardrobe, we should also consciously understand that we are adding to the heap of pollutants around us. When we don’t recycle items and litter our places, we congest our environment and degrade the quality of life. We cause pollution to the air and water sources. Industrial pollution adds debris and creates more havoc than we think. For every such pollution activity, there are associated costs that escalate now and then.

The costs associated with pollution are not directly assessed when a country’s GDP is taken into account. Yet, if we go by relative figures, we can see the same reflected in our national income. Take a simple example: every tourist who visited the sacred Ganges at Varanasi polluted or contributed to pollution. It could be plastic wastes or contaminating water sources.

When all this piled up and was no longer tolerable, the action was essential, and thus it took thousands of crores to clean up the river. This comes from the taxpayer’s money. With every such source of pollution at various other points, national income is seriously affected by pollution factors. Environmental woes add to the problem of pollution plus eat up into the taxpayer’s money since huge sums of relief funds need to be necessitated for welfare activities. Citizens charters have risen to bring about awareness, and we as responsible citizens should stop tolerating this menace.

International Reputation

Pollution, filth, and dirt are common sights when we visit public places in urban areas. Be its railway stations, airports, or bus stands, awareness and consciousness regarding cleanliness are less. When international delegates visit our country to explore business possibilities, they fight for space and greenery in a contaminated and germ-laden atmosphere. So, often the name we achieve in an international scene gets clutched and results in poor remarks in international arenas due to pollution and environmental degradation.

Threat of Diseases

Paying a casual visit to a nearby slum area will give you glaring images of filth, uncleared garbage, poor sanitation facilities, and above all, the spring of diseases and the thriving of life risky viruses and bacteria. Pollution can cause many deadly diseases to both humans and animals. Bronchitis and asthma are becoming common ailments in cities. Not just the older people, even younger generations are falling prey to it.

Smoking is a very normal activity in public places in cities. Smoking can cause cancer of the lungs. The onset of respiratory disease is mainly due to high levels of pollution in cities. Water-borne contaminants can easily cause cholera and diphtheria. Dysentery is a common problem in children when accidentally fed with polluted water. The sewage water mixed with good, potable water can cause mutations to genes and alter the specific creation of progeny in human beings.

Not just that, the high levels of adulterants and toxic minerals and chemicals present in the food we eat can cause gastrointestinal disorders and give way to incurable diseases. Mutations causing cancer are one of the most common things we get to hear, and the loss of lives due to pollution is undoubtedly on a steady rise.

WHO Reports

Some of the recent reports cited, formulated, and land out to the Indian public have shortlisted cities with very high pollution levels and threaten the people living there. Gwalior is one of those prominent cities where levels of air pollution are just unacceptable. The WHO also prescribes safety levels and permissible levels of air pollution. Cities like Delhi are much higher than these permissible levels. The cause of such high levels of toxic pollution can be attributed to a rich concentration of particulate matter.

The Kashmir region and neighbouring Himalayan states are also slowly creeping into the list, given their shift from slow pollution to high contamination levels in air matter. Global reports published by WHO every year collect research data from nearly thousands of Indian cities, say around 3000 and more, and then come up with the final list of most polluted cities. The Indian government has also set up committees to act upon this data and monitor pollution.

Ranking of Indian Cities

It is strange to find many Indian cities making their way into the world’s most polluted cities. The numbers are not just ones or twos; they have a major share in terms of pollution. Gwalior leads the list, followed by Allahabad, Patna, and Raipur. Delhi comes a close next. The power plants and industries in these cities contribute maximum to pollution.

All three categories of pollution – air, water, and land were taken into account while listing cities for pollution. Severe health issues and more effective laws to curb pollution in these cities are called for to enforce norms. Environmental degradation and the eruption of health hazards are some of the other threats and risks that can be expected due to pollution.

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Essay on Pollution due to Urbanization

Hello, students today we have come up with an essay on Pollution due to Urbanization. In this essay we have given information about pollution caused due to urbanization. So let us start with the essay.

Pollution due to Urbanization Essay

Urbanization is the process by which more and more people move from rural areas to urban centers, resulting in the growth and development of cities. This process has numerous benefits, such as increased access to education, healthcare, and employment opportunities. However, it also has significant negative consequences, one of which is pollution.

In conclusion, urbanization can lead to pollution, which has negative consequences for the environment and human health. To address this issue, it is necessary to adopt sustainable development practices and educate the public about the importance of protecting the environment.

Students, what are your thoughts on pollution caused by urbanization? Do tell us in the comment section below.

This essay can be used by students of classes 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, and 12th for their educational purposes.

Students, we hope this essay was helpful to you and if you need an essay any other topic then do tell us in the comment section below.

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Can environmental protection tax decrease urban ozone pollution a quasi-natural experiment based on cities in china.

1. Introduction

2. data and methods, 2.1. study area, 2.2. data employed, 2.2.1. ground-level o 3, 2.2.2. environmental protection tax, 2.2.3. other control data, 2.2.4. mechanism variables, 2.3. methods employed, 2.3.1. econometric model, 2.3.2. parallel trend, 2.3.3. mechanism analysis model, 2.3.4. placebo test, 3. results and discussion, 3.1. the effect of the ept reform on o 3, 3.2. parallel-trend test, 3.3. robustness tests, 3.3.1. placebo test, 3.3.2. exclude municipality data, 3.3.3. exclude other policy implications, 3.3.4. prior policy implementation times, 3.4. heterogeneity analysis, 3.4.1. impacts of ept reform by means of environmental regulations, 3.4.2. impacts of ept reform by region, 3.4.3. impacts of ept reform by financial level, 4. impact mechanism analysis, 5. conclusions and policy recommendations, author contributions, institutional review board statement, informed consent statement, data availability statement, conflicts of interest, abbreviations.

Explained variable	Ozone	O
Explanatory variable	Environmental protection tax	EPTR
Control variables	GDP per capita and its square term	PGDP and PGDP2
	Population density	POP
	Openness level	Open
	Technology level	Tec
	Annual average precipitation	TP
Mechanism variables	Energy consumption	Ec
	Industrial structure	Iso
	Innovation input	Invv
	Green technological innovation	Gpp
	Energy efficiency	Ee

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	Variable	Unit	N	Mean	SD	Min	Max
Explained variable	MDA8 O	μg/m	1326	94.921	14.520	58.807	123.850
Explanatory variable	EPTRP	-	1326	0.260	0.439	0	1
Control variables	PGDP	CNY/people	1326	51,671.831	27,535.759	17,990.426	141,390.469
	Pop	people/km	1326	512.859	350.962	34.146	2278.418
	Open	-	1326	1.675	1.610	0.016	6.846
	Tec	-	1326	0.020	0.0180	0.001	0.097
	Tp	m	1326	0.003	0.002	0.000	0.007
Mechanism variables	Ec	10,000 tce	657	180.866	202.998	3.828	1508.929
	Iso	-	1326	1.011	0.387	0.187	2.839
	Innv	-	519	28.506	22.435	0.002	402.392
	Gpp	N/10,000 people	1325	1.184	2.144	0.002	24.411
	Ee	CNY/tce	657	234,379.621	170,065.096	17,652.271	1,771,004.250

	(1)	(2)	(3)
	lnO	lnO	lnO
EPTRP	−0.020 *	−0.019 *	−0.021 *
	(−1.72)	(−1.67)	(−1.80)
lnPGDP	1.468 **	1.567 **	1.530 **
	(2.06)	(2.18)	(2.16)
lnPGDP2	−0.066 **	−0.071 **	−0.070 **
	(−1.99)	(−2.12)	(−2.11)
lnPop	0.143	0.098	0.064
	(1.06)	(0.73)	(0.50)
Open		−0.003	−0.003
		(−0.56)	(−0.56)
Tec		0.771 **	0.780 **
		(2.18)	(2.20)
lnTp			−0.056 ***
			(−3.95)
_cons	−4.436	−4.671	−4.560
	(−1.18)	(−1.23)	(−1.23)
City FE	Yes	Yes	Yes
Year FE	Yes	Yes	Yes
N	1326	1326	1326
R	0.767	0.768	0.770

	(1)	(2)	(3)
	lnO	lnO	lnO
EPTRP	−0.023 *	−0.028 **	−0.036
	(−1.95)	(−2.35)	(−0.87)
lnPGDP	1.136	−0.155	1.541
	(1.57)	(−0.20)	(1.61)
lnPGDP2	−0.051	0.008	−0.070
	(−1.51)	(0.23)	(−1.59)
lnPop	0.064	0.240 *	0.068
	(0.51)	(1.72)	(0.50)
Open	−0.000	0.003	−0.004
	(−0.09)	(0.47)	(−0.67)
Tec	0.781 **	0.515 *	0.732 **
	(2.21)	(1.82)	(2.33)
lnTp	−0.056 ***	−0.077 ***	−0.054 **
	(−3.95)	(−4.73)	(−2.76)
_cons	−2.507	3.363	−4.657
	(−0.66)	(0.80)	(−0.96)
City FE	Yes	Yes	Yes
Year FE	Yes	Yes	Yes
N	1302	894	1326
R	0.768	0.786	0.771

	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)	(6)
	EPM City	Non-EPM City	Inland	Coastal	High-Level Fiscal	Low-Level Fiscal
EPTRP	−0.002	−0.025 *	−0.050 ***	0.027	−0.044 ***	0.002
	(−0.11)	(−1.87)	(−3.44)	(1.52)	(−2.77)	(0.11)
lnpgdp	1.823	1.462	2.558 ***	−0.870	1.219	1.914 *
	(1.36)	(1.47)	(2.89)	(−0.89)	(1.17)	(1.77)
lngdp2	−0.082	−0.067	−0.118 ***	0.039	−0.054	−0.087 *
	(−1.36)	(−1.42)	(−2.83)	(0.85)	(−1.10)	(−1.77)
lndensity	0.232	0.072	0.035	0.161	0.339 **	−0.088
	(1.40)	(0.37)	(0.17)	(1.03)	(2.17)	(−0.56)
open	−0.004	−0.004	−0.002	−0.007	−0.007	0.001
	(−0.48)	(−0.58)	(−0.31)	(−0.79)	(−0.93)	(0.08)
tec	0.477	1.015 **	0.831 *	0.954 *	0.684 *	0.784
	(0.93)	(2.10)	(1.73)	(1.71)	(1.77)	(1.39)
lnsp	−0.037	−0.059 ***	−0.068 ***	−0.031	−0.045 *	−0.057 ***
	(−1.32)	(−3.55)	(−3.42)	(−1.40)	(−1.97)	(−3.09)
_cons	−7.304	−4.241	−9.892 **	8.242	−4.472	−5.673
	(−0.97)	(−0.80)	(−2.16)	(1.58)	(−0.81)	(−0.99)
City FE	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Year FE	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
N	276	1050	798	528	666	660
R	0.816	0.756	0.757	0.812	0.762	0.740

	(1)	(2)	(3)	(4)	(5)
	lnEc	Iso	lnInnv	lnGpp	lnEe
EPTRP	−0.030 *	−0.070 **	0.256 **	0.111 **	0.032 *
	(−1.66)	(−2.32)	(2.32)	(2.60)	(1.74)
lnPGDP	1.891	0.060	1.675	0.622	−0.803
	(1.46)	(0.03)	(0.20)	(0.23)	(−0.64)
lnPGDP2	−0.088	0.009	−0.106	−0.007	0.085
	(−1.45)	(0.10)	(−0.27)	(−0.06)	(1.45)
lnPop	−0.406	1.181 ***	−6.784	0.590	0.673 *
	(−1.06)	(3.53)	(−1.47)	(1.42)	(1.86)
Open	0.002	−0.003	−0.294 *	−0.008	−0.003
	(0.20)	(−0.21)	(−1.81)	(−0.53)	(−0.29)
Tec	−1.854	−0.178	−25.493	−5.507 **	2.237 *
	(−1.30)	(−0.18)	(−1.06)	(−2.31)	(1.68)
lnTp	0.057 *	−0.037	0.354	0.006	−0.061 *
	(1.84)	(−1.26)	(1.00)	(0.10)	(−1.93)
_cons	4.363	−7.895	41.076	−10.047	−0.383
	(0.64)	(−0.79)	(1.05)	(−0.70)	(−0.06)
City FE	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
Year FE	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
N	656	1326	486	1104	656
R	0.991	0.844	0.246	0.960	0.980

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Xue, W.; Xiong, Z.; Wang, L.; Yang, Z.; Li, X. Can Environmental Protection Tax Decrease Urban Ozone Pollution? A Quasi-Natural Experiment Based on Cities in China. Sustainability 2024 , 16 , 4851. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16114851

Xue W, Xiong Z, Wang L, Yang Z, Li X. Can Environmental Protection Tax Decrease Urban Ozone Pollution? A Quasi-Natural Experiment Based on Cities in China. Sustainability . 2024; 16(11):4851. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16114851

Xue, Wenhao, Zhenwu Xiong, Liyun Wang, Zhe Yang, and Xinyao Li. 2024. "Can Environmental Protection Tax Decrease Urban Ozone Pollution? A Quasi-Natural Experiment Based on Cities in China" Sustainability 16, no. 11: 4851. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16114851

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A-Z Publications

Annual Review of Environment and Resources

Volume 42, 2017, review article, linking urbanization and the environment: conceptual and empirical advances.

Xuemei Bai 1 , Timon McPhearson 2,3 , Helen Cleugh 4 , Harini Nagendra 5 , Xin Tong 6 , Tong Zhu 7 , and Yong-Guan Zhu 8,9
View Affiliations Hide Affiliations Affiliations: 1 Fenner School of Environment and Society, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia; email: [email protected] 2 Urban Systems Lab, The New School, New York, NY 10003, USA 3 Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Millbrook, New York 12545, USA 4 Climate Science Centre, CSIRO, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia 5 School of Development, Azim Premji University, Bangalore 560100, India 6 Department of Urban and Economic Geography, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China 7 BIC-ESAT and SKL-ESPC, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China 8 Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China 9 Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
Vol. 42:215-240 (Volume publication date October 2017) https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-environ-102016-061128
First published as a Review in Advance on August 14, 2017

Urbanization is one of the biggest social transformations of modern time, driving and driven by multiple social, economic, and environmental processes. The impacts of urbanization on the environment are profound, multifaceted and are manifested at the local, regional, and global scale. This article reviews recent advances in conceptual and empirical knowledge linking urbanization and the environment, focusing on six core aspects: air pollution, ecosystems, land use, biogeochemical cycles and water pollution, solid waste management, and the climate. We identify several emerging trends and remaining questions in urban environmental research, including ( a ) increasing evidence on the amplified or accelerated environmental impacts of urbanization; ( b ) varying distribution patterns of impacts along geographical and other socio-economic gradients; ( c ) shifting focus from understanding and quantifying the impacts of urbanization toward understanding the processes and underlying mechanisms; ( d ) increasing focus on understanding complex interactions and interlinkages among different environmental, social, economic, and cultural processes; and ( e ) conceptual advances that call for articulating and using a systems approach in cities. In terms of governing the urban environment, there is an increasing focus on public participation and coproduction of knowledge with stakeholders. Cities are actively experimenting toward sustainability under a plethora of guiding concepts that manifests their aspirational goals, with varying levels of implementation and effectiveness.

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A Crowning Achievement in a Neighborhood’s Fight Against Air Pollution

The artist Jordan Weber’s queenly sculpture in a Detroit park does double duty as an air quality monitor.

A large sculpture that takes the form of two crowns stands in front of a grove of trees in a public park. A sign in front of the installation says “Hood closed to gentrifiers.”

By Patricia Leigh Brown

Reporting from Detroit

The East Canfield Village neighborhood of Detroit is not the most likely place to encounter a monumental sculpture of an African crown glittering with gold lowrider paint and soaring high into the trees.

Yet this queenly structure, designed by the land artist and activist Jordan Weber , is fitting for one of the city’s most disadvantaged and polluted neighborhoods: In place of jewels, the crown is outfitted with an air-monitoring system that will enable residents to track airborne pollutants, from Canadian wildfire smoke to emissions from a massive automotive assembly complex four blocks away.

Weber’s sculpture, “New Forest, Ancient Thrones,” in the newly designed East Canfield Art Park, was unveiled May 18 in a procession led by West African drummers. The sculpture melds crowns worn by two African queens — Ranavalona III of 19th-century Madagascar, who led her kingdom’s resistance to French colonizers before being exiled, and Idia of Benin, whose military derring-do during her son’s reign in the 16th century helped fend off tribal invaders.

Weber’s métier is working in industrial corridors in redlined neighborhoods helping communities of color heal from the effects of environmental and social ills, often a lengthy and collaborative process. He is part of a growing movement called regenerative art, which seeks to revitalize links between communities and their ecosystems.

His installation, which will include a raised walkway for “forest bathing,” amid pollution-absorbing conifers, was commissioned by Sidewalk Detroit , a nonprofit group dedicated to making the city’s public spaces more equitable and livable and with whom Weber has spent the past year as artist in residence.

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Pollution Due to Urbanisation Essay for Students in English
Here are two essays on pollution due to urbanisation of 400-500 words and 100-200 words, respectively. We will discuss the importance of urbanisation for countries, and how urbanisation is polluting the world. Long Essay on Pollution Due to Urbanisation. Urbanisation is a great concept which is required to develop any country.
Essay on Pollution due to Urbanisation for Students and Children in
Read below to find two essays about pollution due to urbanisation. The first essay is a long essay of 500 words, and the second is a short essay of 200 words. The former is suitable for class 7-10 students as well as for those aspiring for competitive exams. The latter essay is ideal for kids of class 6 and below.
Essay on Pollution due to Urbanization in English
Essay on Pollution due to Urbanization: Pollution is one of the biggest issues that we as a society face today. The everyday deteriorating environment is a big challenge for humans. The mixing of any harmful substance or pollutants in our natural environment is called pollution. It is due to human activity, many contaminators get introduced ...
Essay on Pollution Due to Urbanisation
In this essay on pollution due to urbanisation, we will see how urbanisation is a major threat to the environment. The air in cities has become toxic due to the harmful gases and smoke given out by automobiles and factories. Besides, household and industrial wastes are dumped into the water bodies, thus making them unsafe for consumption and use.
Essay on Pollution due to Urbanization in English for Students Exams
Essay on Pollution due to Urbanization in English for Students Exams. Urbanization, the rapid growth of cities and towns, is a defining feature of modern society. While it brings about economic development, improved infrastructure, and increased opportunities, it also comes with a hidden cost—pollution. As urban areas expand, pollution ...
Pollution due to Urbanization
Outline Essay Type. Opinion Essay. Introduction. Sentence 1&2 - Introduce the topic. Sentence 3 - I agree with the notion of the essay. Body Paragraphs. Paragraph 1 - Human beings have exploited natural resources to fulfil their needs. Paragraph 2 - urbanization also has an impact on the health of the masses, in addition to its ...
PDF Argumentative Essay on Pollution due to Urbanization
One of the most visible and alarming consequences of urbanization is air pollution. The concentration of industries, transportation, and residential areas in cities has led to increased emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere. Increased Trafic Emissions: The growing number of vehicles in urban areas is a major source of air pollution.
Essay on Pollution Due to Urbanisation
250 Words Essay on Pollution Due to Urbanisation Introduction. Urbanisation, the shift of population from rural to urban areas, has been a global trend over the past century. While it has driven economic growth and development, it has also led to a significant increase in pollution, posing serious environmental challenges. Types of Pollution
Essay on Pollution Due to Urbanisation
Essay on Pollution Due to Urbanisation. Urbanization refers to the process of increasing population and industrialization in urban areas. As cities continue to grow and expand, pollution caused by urbanization has become a significant environmental concern. Urbanization leads to increased pollution in many forms, including air pollution, water ...
Urbanization causes and impacts
Threats. Intensive urban growth can lead to greater poverty, with local governments unable to provide services for all people. Concentrated energy use leads to greater air pollution with ...
Write an Essay on Pollution due to Urbanisation
Urbanisation has led to various forms of pollution, including air, water, and land and noise pollution affecting the environment, human health, and overall quality of life in urban areas. Air pollution is caused by vehicles, industries, and construction work. They release harmful gases and particles into the air, leading to health problems like ...
Pollution due to urbanization
Air pollution is one of the most serious issues associated with urbanization. As cities become more crowded, more vehicles are used and more industries are established. This increases the amount of air pollution that is released into the environment. Air pollution is caused by the burning of fossil fuels, such as coal, oil and natural gas.
Title Pollution Due to Urbanization Challenges and Solutions
One of the most pressing issues associated with urbanization is pollution. As cities grow, pollution levels rise, leading to adverse environmental, health, and socioeconomic consequences. This essay will explore the causes and effects of pollution due to urbanization, as well as potential solutions to mitigate its impact.
Essay on Pollution due to Urbanisation for Class 10, 12 (Board) and
Pollution due to urbanization has been posing severe threat to the earth and made the life of human beings miserable. Urbanization means the system of bringing about infrastructural development in the rural areas by means of deforestation, averting the notion of afforestation at large. Infrastructural development is immensely demanded in the ...
Pollution due to Urbanization
Pollution due to urbanization has become a major concern globally, and the negative effects of pollution are felt by everyone. In this essay, I will argue that pollution due to urbanization is a significant problem that requires immediate attention. Urbanization has resulted in the concentration of human populations and the growth of cities.
Pollution Due to Urbanization IELTS Writing Task 2
Study Abroad Expert. Pollution Due to Urbanization IELTS Writing Task 2 sample answers have been provided in this article. Candidates are required to share their opinion on how urbanisation has elevated the pollution level in the whole world and how it is affecting the lifestyle of people. Candidates can use examples to support their argument ...
Pollution due to Urbanization
My essay will. first. examine why the overpopulation causes the demand for fuel, and explain why I feel that certain factors can emit harmful pollutants. One of the main causes of the environmental abuse which arises out of urban countries is that in these nations there is a growing demand for fuel. This.
Essay on Pollution due to Urbanization
Problems Due to Urbanization. The need of free space to build roads, buildings and bridges etc made a massive deforestation happen. The trees were cut down, the fields were cleared and space was created to accommodate the ever rising population. It is a no-brainer that cutting of trees is a major reason of pollution.
Urbanization: a problem for the rich and the poor?
Pollution is another major contributor to poor health in urban environments. For instance, the World Health Organization estimated that 6.5 million people died (11.6% of all global deaths) as a consequence of indoor and outdoor air pollution and nearly 90% of air-pollution-related deaths occurred in low- and middle-income countries . Poor ...
Essay on Pollution Crisis in Urban Areas
Essay on Pollution Crisis in Urban Areas. August 29, 2021 by Sandeep. The presence of poisonous, contaminating substances in the environment around us creates havoc to the dwelling space and introduces harmful and non-biodegradable substances. These harmful chemical-laden toxic elements cause 'pollution.'.
Essay on Pollution due to Urbanization
Pollution due to Urbanization Essay. Urbanization is the process by which more and more people move from rural areas to urban centers, resulting in the growth and development of cities. This process has numerous benefits, such as increased access to education, healthcare, and employment opportunities. However, it also has significant negative ...
Can Environmental Protection Tax Decrease Urban Ozone Pollution? A
The air pollution control in China has gradually transitioned from single pollutant control to multi-pollutant collaborative governance. Among the relevant factors, the control of ozone (O3) pollution has received widespread attention. Among the numerous air pollution regulations, environmental protection tax (EPT) is highly valued, as it can effectively control the emissions of O3 precursors ...
Linking Urbanization and the Environment: Conceptual and Empirical
The impacts of urbanization on the environment are profound, multifaceted and are manifested at the local, regional, and global scale. This article reviews recent advances in conceptual and empirical knowledge linking urbanization and the environment, focusing on six core aspects: air pollution, ecosystems, land use, biogeochemical cycles and ...
A Detroit Neighborhood Uses Art to Fight Air Pollution
The artist Jordan Weber's queenly sculpture in a Detroit park does double duty as an air quality monitor. Jordan Weber's "New Forest, Ancient Thrones," in East Canfield Village in Detroit ...

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Essay on Pollution due to Urbanization

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