essay writing on seven wonders of the world

English Essay on “Seven Wonders of The world” English Essay-Paragraph-Speech for Class 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 CBSE Students and competitive Examination.

Seven Wonders of The world

There are umpteen numbers of wonders in this world. Most of these are hidden arid are unknown to the man. Certain wonders are, however, known. Out of those known to the world, there are seven exclusive wonders known to history. These seven wonders are recognized by everybody. They are the real wonders of the world. The first wonder of the world is the three pyramids of Egypt. They are situated in Gaza and are stated to have been built in 2900 B.C. Their height is 450 feet. The second wonder of the world is the hanging garden of Babylon laid on the top of a vaulted building. They were built by the Babylonian king in 600 B.C. to please his queen. The terraces rose from 75 to 300 feet. The third wonder was the work of Phidias in the 5th century B.C. The statue of Zeus (Jupiter) at Olympia was a colossal figure in gold and ivory. It was 40 feet high. The fourth wonder of the world was the temple of Artemis (Diana) at Ephesus. It was built in 350 B.C. in honour of the Greek Goddess. The fifth wonder of the world was the mausoleum at Halicarnassus built-in 350 B.C. It was erected by Queen Artemesia in memory of her husband Kind Mausolus of Cana in Asia Minor. The sixth wonder was the Colossus at Rhodes, it was a bronze statue of Apollo (Helios) about 105 feet high. The famous sculpture Charles completed in twelve years. it was built in 280 B.C. The seventh wonder was the Pharaos of Alexandria. The lighthouse was built in the 3rd century B.C. on the island of Pharaos. The only wonder which survives till today is the pyramids of Egypt.

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Essay on 7 Wonders Of The World in English (150, 200, 250, 500 Words)

Here, we’ve presented essays on “7 Wonders Of The World” in 150, 200, 250 & 500 word samples. All the essays will be helpful for students of all classes i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 & class 12.

Table of Contents

Essay on 7 Wonders Of The World in 150 Words

Introduction.

The Seven Wonders of the World have captivated humanity for centuries, representing remarkable feats of architecture, engineering, and artistic prowess. These iconic structures span continents and epochs, each holding a unique story of cultural significance and human ingenuity.

Ancient Wonders

The great pyramid of giza.

Built over 4,500 years ago in Egypt, the Great Pyramid of Giza stands as the last surviving wonder of the original list. Its massive limestone blocks, meticulously aligned, continue to mystify historians and architects alike.

The Colosseum

Rome’s Colosseum, completed in AD 80, is a testament to Roman engineering and entertainment. Hosting gladiatorial contests and public spectacles, it accommodated up to 80,000 spectators, showcasing the grandeur of ancient Roman civilization.

Modern Wonders

Machu picchu.

Perched high in the Andes Mountains of Peru, Machu Picchu is an architectural marvel of the Inca Empire. Its precise stone construction and breathtaking mountain backdrop make it a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a symbol of pre-Columbian civilization.

From ancient marvels like the Great Pyramid to modern wonders like the Panama Canal, the Seven Wonders of the World continue to inspire awe and admiration. They remind us of the boundless creativity and perseverance of humanity across different epochs and cultures.

7 Wonders Of The World Essay in 200 Words

The Seven Wonders of the World have always been a source of fascination and admiration, representing the pinnacle of human achievement in architecture and engineering. These extraordinary structures, spanning across different civilizations and epochs, serve as enduring symbols of cultural heritage and ingenuity.

The Great Wall of China

Stretching over 13,000 miles across China’s northern frontier, the Great Wall stands as a testament to ancient defensive architecture. Built over centuries of labor-intensive construction, it remains one of the most impressive and enduring man-made structures in history.

Carved into the rose-red cliffs of Jordan, Petra mesmerizes with its intricate rock-cut architecture. Once a thriving Nabatean city, it boasts temples, tombs, and dwellings intricately carved into the sandstone cliffs, revealing a rich blend of architectural styles and cultural influences.

Statue of Liberty

A symbol of freedom and democracy, the Statue of Liberty in New York Harbor welcomes visitors with its iconic torch held high. A gift from France to the United States, this colossal copper statue stands as a beacon of hope and inspiration to millions around the world.

From the timeless grandeur of the Great Wall to the symbolic significance of the Statue of Liberty, the Seven Wonders of the World continue to capture the imagination and wonder of people across generations. They serve as reminders of humanity’s capacity for innovation, creativity, and cultural expression throughout history.

Essay Writing on 7 Wonders Of The World in 250 Words

The Seven Wonders of the World evoke a sense of awe and wonder, showcasing humanity’s remarkable achievements in architecture, engineering, and cultural expression. These iconic structures, dispersed across different civilizations and epochs, continue to captivate imaginations and inspire admiration worldwide.

The Taj Mahal

Situated in Agra, India, the Taj Mahal is a sublime masterpiece of Mughal architecture. Built by Emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his beloved wife, Mumtaz Mahal, its exquisite white marble façade, intricate inlay work, and perfectly symmetrical gardens make it a timeless symbol of love and beauty.

Chichen Itza

Located on the Yucatan Peninsula in Mexico, Chichen Itza represents the zenith of Maya civilization. Its impressive pyramids, temples, and observatories reflect advanced astronomical knowledge and architectural prowess, providing insights into the cultural and scientific achievements of the ancient Maya.

The Eiffel Tower

Dominating the skyline of Paris, France, the Eiffel Tower is an enduring symbol of architectural innovation and elegance. Designed by Gustave Eiffel for the 1889 World’s Fair, its wrought-iron lattice structure and panoramic views attract millions of visitors annually, embodying the spirit of modernity and artistic expression.

The Great Barrier Reef

Stretching over 2,300 kilometers along the coast of Queensland, Australia, the Great Barrier Reef is the world’s largest coral reef system. Its vibrant underwater ecosystem, teeming with diverse marine life and colorful coral formations, represents a natural wonder of unparalleled beauty and ecological significance.

From the majestic Taj Mahal to the natural splendor of the Great Barrier Reef, the Seven Wonders of the World celebrate human creativity, ingenuity, and reverence for the natural world. They serve as timeless reminders of the extraordinary achievements and enduring legacies of civilizations past and present.

Writing Essay on 7 Wonders Of The World in 500 Words

The Seven Wonders of the World stand as enduring testaments to human creativity, innovation, and cultural significance. These iconic landmarks, dispersed across different continents and epochs, continue to captivate the imagination of people worldwide, inviting contemplation of our shared heritage and the marvels of ancient and modern civilizations.

Constructed over 4,500 years ago on the Giza Plateau in Egypt, the Great Pyramid is the sole survivor of the original Seven Wonders. Its massive limestone blocks, precisely aligned to cardinal points, have puzzled historians and engineers for centuries. Serving as a tomb for Pharaoh Khufu, it stands as a testament to the ingenuity and architectural prowess of ancient Egyptians.

The Hanging Gardens of Babylon

Although their existence remains shrouded in mystery and debate, the Hanging Gardens of Babylon are believed to have been a marvel of ancient engineering and horticulture. Constructed in the 6th century BCE by King Nebuchadnezzar II for his wife, Amytis of Media, these terraced gardens were said to have been irrigated by a complex system of aqueducts, showcasing the Babylonians’ mastery of water management and garden design.

The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus

Located in present-day Turkey, the Temple of Artemis was once one of the largest and most magnificent temples of the ancient world. Dedicated to the Greek goddess Artemis, it was adorned with intricate sculptures and surrounded by marble columns. Despite being destroyed and rebuilt multiple times, it remained a symbol of religious devotion and architectural splendor in antiquity.

Medieval and Modern Wonders

An enduring symbol of ancient Rome, the Colosseum, also known as the Flavian Amphitheater, was a marvel of Roman engineering and entertainment. Completed in AD 80, it could accommodate up to 80,000 spectators and hosted gladiatorial contests, animal hunts, and mock naval battles. Its innovative design, featuring a complex system of tunnels and elevators, continues to inspire awe and admiration today.

Stretching over 13,000 miles across northern China, the Great Wall is one of the most impressive architectural feats in history. Built over centuries of labor-intensive construction, it served as a defensive barrier against invasions from nomadic tribes. Its sheer scale and engineering complexity reflect the determination and ingenuity of ancient Chinese civilization.

A symbol of enduring love and architectural beauty, the Taj Mahal in Agra, India, is a masterpiece of Mughal architecture. Commissioned by Emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his wife Mumtaz Mahal, it features intricate marble inlay work, symmetrical gardens, and a majestic dome. Its ethereal beauty at sunrise and sunset continues to enchant visitors from around the world.

From the enigmatic Great Pyramid of Giza to the majestic Taj Mahal, the Seven Wonders of the World encompass a diverse array of architectural marvels and cultural landmarks. They serve as reminders of humanity’s boundless creativity, ingenuity, and reverence for the divine and the natural world. Across continents and centuries, these wonders continue to inspire wonder and admiration, inviting us to marvel at the achievements of past civilizations and to contemplate the enduring legacy of human endeavor.

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Essay on 7 Wonders of the World

Students are often asked to write an essay on 7 Wonders of the World in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on 7 Wonders of the World

The 7 wonders of the world.

The 7 Wonders of the World are magnificent structures admired for their architecture and historical significance. They are a testament to human creativity and engineering.

The Great Wall of China

The Great Wall of China is a fortification system built to protect against invasions. It’s the longest man-made structure in the world.

Christ the Redeemer

Christ the Redeemer is a large statue of Jesus Christ in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It overlooks the city from the Corcovado mountain.

Machu Picchu

Machu Picchu is an ancient Incan city in Peru. It’s known for its intricate stone constructions.

Chichen Itza

Roman colosseum.

The Roman Colosseum in Italy was a place for public spectacles. It’s the largest amphitheater ever built.

The Taj Mahal in India is a white marble mausoleum. It’s considered an architectural masterpiece.

Petra in Jordan is a city carved into red-rose sandstone. It’s famous for its rock-cut architecture.

250 Words Essay on 7 Wonders of the World

The magnificence of the seven wonders.

The Seven Wonders of the World, as designated by the New7Wonders Foundation, represent a testament to human creativity, ambition, and craftsmanship. They are a blend of natural beauty and human ingenuity, spanning different eras and cultures.

The Great Wall, stretching over 13,000 miles, is a symbol of China’s historical resilience against invasions. Its construction, which spanned centuries, showcases the architectural prowess of ancient Chinese civilization.

Petra, Jordan

Christ the redeemer, brazil.

Overlooking Rio de Janeiro, Christ the Redeemer is a significant symbol of Brazil’s Christian faith. Its location atop the Corcovado mountain and its art deco style combine to create an iconic landmark.

Machu Picchu, Peru

Machu Picchu, an Incan city set high in the Andes, is a marvel of ancient engineering. Its terraced fields, temples, and astronomical observatories reveal the Inca’s sophisticated culture and knowledge.

Chichen Itza, Mexico

Chichen Itza, a complex of Mayan ruins, is renowned for its astronomical precision. The El Castillo pyramid, in particular, serves as a solar calendar, highlighting the Mayans’ advanced understanding of astronomy.

Roman Colosseum, Italy

Taj mahal, india.

The Taj Mahal, an ivory-white marble mausoleum, is an embodiment of Mughal art and a universal symbol of love. Its intricate design and symmetrical layout exemplify the zenith of Islamic architecture.

500 Words Essay on 7 Wonders of the World

The seven wonders of the ancient world.

The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World are a testament to mankind’s creativity and ingenuity. These architectural marvels, built between the 3rd Millennium BC and the 6th Century AD, represent the pinnacle of human achievement in their respective eras.

The Great Pyramid of Giza

Constructed around 2580-2560 BC, the Great Pyramid of Giza is the oldest of the Seven Wonders and the only one still largely intact. This Egyptian marvel, built for Pharaoh Khufu, showcases the extraordinary architectural skills of the ancient Egyptians. It was the tallest man-made structure in the world for over 3,800 years.

The Hanging Gardens of Babylon

The Hanging Gardens, built by Babylonian King Nebuchadnezzar II for his wife around 600 BC, were a remarkable feat of engineering. Although no archaeological evidence has been found, ancient texts describe a garden of exotic flora and fauna, irrigated by an advanced system, presenting a lush green spectacle in the arid desert.

The Statue of Zeus at Olympia

The temple of artemis at ephesus.

The Temple of Artemis, built in the 6th century BC in Ephesus, was a Greek temple dedicated to the goddess Artemis. It was rebuilt three times before its final destruction in 401 AD, each time becoming more elaborate and grand.

The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus

This tomb built for Mausolus, a Persian satrap, and his wife Artemisia was a unique fusion of Greek, Egyptian, and Near Eastern architectural styles. Constructed in 350 BC, the Mausoleum was adorned with intricate reliefs and statues, making it a masterpiece of the Hellenistic age.

The Colossus of Rhodes

The lighthouse of alexandria.

The Lighthouse, built by the Ptolemaic Kingdom in the 3rd century BC, guided sailors into the harbor of Alexandria, Egypt. It was one of the tallest man-made structures for many centuries and served as a prototype for all future lighthouses.

The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World are a testament to the extraordinary architectural and engineering skills of ancient civilizations. They serve as a reminder of the grandeur of the past and inspire us to continue pushing the boundaries of human achievement. Despite the passage of time and the loss of six of these wonders, their legacy continues to captivate us, sparking our curiosity and fueling our quest for knowledge and understanding.

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Seven Wonders of the World

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Seven Wonders of the World , preeminent architectural and sculptural achievements of the ancient Mediterranean and Middle East , as listed by various observers. The best known are those of the 2nd-century- bce writer Antipater of Sidon and of a later but unknown observer of the 2nd century bce who claimed to be the mathematician Philon of Byzantium. Included on the list in its eventual form were the following:

Pyramids of Giza , the oldest of the wonders and the only one of the seven substantially in existence today.

Hanging Gardens of Babylon , thought to be a series of landscaped terraces, exact location unknown, generally ascribed to Queen Sammu-ramat , King Nebuchadrezzar II , or the Assyrian king Sennacherib .

Statue of Zeus at Olympia , a large ornate figure of the god on his throne, made about 430 bce by Phidias of Athens.

Temple of Artemis at Ephesus , a structure famous for its imposing size and for the works of art that adorned it.

Mausoleum of Halicarnassus , monumental tomb of the Anatolian king Mausolus built by his widow Artemisia .

Colossus of Rhodes , a huge bronze statue built at the harbour of Rhodes in commemoration of the raising of the siege of Rhodes (305–304 bce ).

Pharos of Alexandria , the most famous lighthouse of the ancient world, built for Ptolemy II of Egypt about 280 bce on the island of Pharos off Alexandria .

Some early lists included the Walls of Babylon or the Palace of King Cyrus of Persia in place of one of the sites noted above.

( See also Artemis, Temple of ; Rhodes, Colossus of ; Giza, Pyramids of ; Hanging Gardens of Babylon ; Halicarnassus, Mausoleum of ; Pharos of Alexandria ; Zeus, Statue of .)

The seven wonders of Greco-Roman antiquity inspired the compilation of many other lists of attractions, both natural and human-made, by successive generations. Among such lists, all of which are limited to seven “wonders,” are the (architectural) wonders of the Middle Ages, the natural wonders of the world, the natural wonders of the United States , the (architectural) wonders of the modern world, and the wonders of American engineering.

What Are The 7 Wonders Of The World?

Ancient Greek pilgrims compiled a list of the most astonishing creations they came across in their trials, and today, we honor that legacy by doing the same. As of 2007, according to the New7Wonders Foundation, these are the most stunning constructions people have ever built.

The 7 Wonders Of The World

The Great Wall Of China - China, Built In 700 BCE

A creation that serves as one of the largest archives of historical documents and a morgue, the Great Wall of China has gone far beyond its original purpose as just a defensive measure. Let's unpack that: because it was in construction for nearly 2,000 years by separate dynasties, inscriptions, and corpses are carved and buried onto and into this megalithic icon. Furthermore, tourist hype forced Chinese authorities to implement a daily limit of 65,000 visitors in places like the Badaling section of the Great Wall. It is hard to estimate the total annual visitors due to it being 5,500 miles (8,851 km) long, but around 150 million inbound tourists visit Beijing each year, and travel bloggers frequently claim that almost all tourists visiting Beijing are planning to check out the wall.

In ancient times, foreign visitors were the antithesis of the wall's purpose because it was designed to prevent invasions by northern tribes, although it occasionally failed, like when  Ghengis Khan overran it in 1214 CE  with his nomadic army. Sadly, many stretches of the wall have vanished because of erosion and human disturbance. It also has a history as a form of border control for the Silk Road era, and it expedited the transmission of information from one region to another. Also, emperors would frequently expand or reinforce it as a demonstration of their dynasty's power and wealth. Despite popular belief, the wall is not visible from space, but it is visible in person; this is all the more reason to book a flight and check it out.

Petra - Jordan, Built In 312 BCE

"This is impossible" is a common thought for those who stand beneath the carved red-rock mountains in Petra. Yet, there it is. This ancient trading hub is larger than any painting or picture can capture, which is a reality that its one million annual visitors can understand. The buildings, sculpted straight out of the canyon walls, would have been endangered by sudden flash floods, but the Nabateans (a wealthy arab kingdom) designed a complex water control system to manage this. Due to the desert climate, they even installed an intricate series of dams, canals, and reservoirs into the rock faces to maintain a consistent water supply for 20,000 inhabitants. Those grooves still exist in the rock walls today, collecting moisture the same way as they did two thousand years ago.

Additionally, a legend once existed regarding a carved urn in the Treasury facade: Bedouin sharpshooters left bullet holes across it hundreds of years ago, believing that it held priceless riches within. The original occupants were also religious, and several of the carved buildings, like the Monastery and High Place of Sacrifice, were designed for ritual. More recently, the abandoned city has been the site of films like Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade . If you stumble across the complex today, a group of resilient people still reside in the carved homes, peddling crafts and offering rides on camels and horses.

The Colosseum - Italy, Built In 80 CE

Emperors are addicted to cementing their legacy by constructing incredible wonders, and the relationship between Emperor Vespasian and the Colosseum he commissioned is no different. The project was so grand that it was his son Titus' responsibility to complete it, and Emperor Domitian earned a little credit by making substantial modifications. Roman concrete, limestone, and volcanic rock were essential ingredients to this 50,000-spectator arena, and earthquakes and stone thieves tried and failed to tear it down.

It was not a site for friendly bouts of football and musical concerts — gladiators fought for a bloody victory, battles were reenacted, and terrifying, exotic animals were put on display. The effort had a singular purpose beyond mere spectacle: to provide the crowds with entertainment as a means of preventing unrest, which can lead to riots and regime change. However, after Rome collapsed , the space was converted into housing, workshops, and even religious spaces during the medieval eras. Today, over six million people visit it each year, and it continues to host exciting exhibitions and shows.

Chichén Itzá - Mexico, Built In 600 CE

This site is a golden example to prove that Egyptians were not the only ones capable of constructing enormous pyramids. The largest structure, El Castillo, is 98 feet and utilizes 365 stone steps to represent the solar year. The Maya people went beyond just sheer scale: during the equinoxes, a mystical shadow appears due to ingenious engineering, and a serpent's shadow appears to slither down the staircase. Naturally, this attention to detail means that the whole area was a religious, political, and economic center for the Mayan civilization that seems to have vanished overnight, abandoning all settlements by 900 CE. Stone tools were enough to create this 5 km2 complex, which is one of the reasons it fits as a UNESCO World Heritage site. Astronomy and acoustics were common sciences in this city, which is fitted with an ancient observatory, and whispers at one end of the Ball Court can be heard 135 meters away at the other end. Human sacrifices were performed here, but thankfully, its 3 million yearly visitors will not have to witness those extinct practices.

Machu Picchu - Peru, Built In 1450 CE

Can you imagine the astonishment of those who discovered this metropolis, seemingly floating on clouds between mountains? The Machu Picchu, perched high in the Andes Mountains of Peru , is a stone's throw from Cuzco. Although it was well known to the local people, the West took note of it in 1911 when it was spotted by the American explorer Hiram Bingham. It was initially believed to be Vilcabamba, a hidden Incan haven during the Spanish resistance. The genuine intent behind this 15th-century structure, however, remains debated, with suggestions that it served as a sanctuary for the revered 'Virgins of the Sun,' a place of worship, or perhaps a regal escape. Notwithstanding its remote and towering position, travelers can step back in time amidst meticulously preserved Incan edifices showcasing farming terraces, open squares, living quarters, and skillfully designed shrines. Erected around 1450 as an imperial commission under Inca ruler Pachacuti, the site mesmerizes onlookers with its smooth, dry-stone construction and breathtaking vistas of the encompassing valley.

The Taj Mahal - India, Built In 1643 CE

The Taj Mahal welcomes an astonishing 35 to 40 thousand visitors every day — and with busy seasons, it is no stranger to up to 8 million visitors annually. The origin of this marbled expression of love lies in the celebrated reign of Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan 400 years ago. This leader had a desire to build a monument to the object of his affection and favorite wife, Mumtaz Mahal. Ultimately, it exists as a tomb for her, but she is certainly one of the few people who will not be forgotten as time goes by.

It took 20 thousand artisans to create this place, with precious jewels and marble that are said to gleam pink and white depending on the time of day. As a UNESCO World Heritage Site (since 1983), the architecture is a celebration of the Mughal style. One fascinating choice the designers made was to slightly tilt the four minarets (towers) away from the main structure so that in the case of disaster, they would not collapse towards the tomb and cause more damage. Bear in mind, if you take the pilgrimage there, that the complex also hosts a brilliant mosque and a guest house that are worthy of appreciation, too.

Christ The Redeemer - Brazil, Built In 1931 CE

The Christ the Redeemer statue in Rio de Janeiro is an awe-inspiring symbol of both faith and architectural brilliance. Overlooking the city from atop Mount Corcovado, this religious icon is visited by almost 2 million people per year. Initiated in the period following World War I , its creation from 1926 to 1931 was a collective endeavor involving Heitor da Silva Costa, Carlos Oswald, and Paul Landowski. With a striking height of 98 feet and its arms reaching 92 feet wide, it's a marvel to behold. The base further elevates its grandeur by 26 feet. Made of reinforced concrete and embellished with over six million tiles, this statue is recognized as the world's most prominent Art Deco figure. Despite weather challenges, like lightning strikes, it remains steadfast, only once suffering damage to Jesus's right thumb in 2014. From almost any location in Rio, its silhouette can be discerned, providing incredible views and drawing both believers and admirers. Its significance and beauty rightfully earn it a place among the world's most revered landmarks.

Final Thoughts

Is it possible that in our lifetimes we will witness the construction of a new wonder? Many point at mesmerizing sights like the Burj Khalifa or the Hoover Dam but it is hard to disagree that they do not quite fit the theme of antiquity and reverence. Perhaps modernity is incompatible with the concept, and the list will remain literally locked in stone. Or, future classrooms will pour over infographics detailing the "8 wonders" in a development yet to come. Regardless, we can all be thankful that we have a world history worth celebrating.

Map Showing New 7 Wonders Of The World

More World Wonders

The Seven Natural Wonders of the World

The seven wonders of nature are natural creations that have enchanted humans for thousands of years.

​The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World

The oldest list of wonders of the world, the seven wonders of the ancient world includes a list of human-made marvels of their time.

10 Wonders of the Medieval World

The 10 Wonders of the Medieval World include the most impressive wonders of the Middle Ages.

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Seven Wonders of the Ancient World

By: History.com Editors

Updated: June 13, 2023 | Original: October 27, 2009

The amazing works of art and architecture known as the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World serve as a testament to the ingenuity, imagination and sheer hard work of which human beings are capable. They are also, however, reminders of the human capacity for disagreement, destruction and, possibly, embellishment.

As soon as ancient writers compiled a list of “seven wonders,” it became fodder for debate over which achievements deserved inclusion. The original list comes from a work by Philo of Byzantium written in 225 B.C. called On The Seven Wonders . Ultimately, human hands joined with natural forces to destroy all but one of the wonders. Furthermore, it is possible that at least one of the wonders might not have existed at all. Still, all seven continue to inspire and be celebrated as the remarkable products of the creativity and skill of Earth’s early civilizations.

Great Pyramid of Giza, Egypt

The Great Pyramid, located at Giza on the west bank of the Nile River north of Cairo in Egypt , is the only wonder of the ancient world that has survived to the present day. It is part of a group of three pyramids–Khufu (Cheops), Khafra (Chephren) and Menkaura (Mycerimus)–that were built between 2700 B.C. and 2500 B.C. as royal tombs. The largest and most impressive is Khufu, known as “ The Great Pyramid ,” which covers 13 acres and is believed to contain more than 2 million stone blocks that weigh from two to 30 tons each. 

Did you know? The Colossus of Rhodes was an inspiration for the Statue of Liberty.

For more than 4,000 years, Khufu reigned as the tallest building in the world. In fact, it took modern man until the 19th century to build a taller structure. Amazingly, the nearly symmetrical Egyptian pyramids were built without the aid of modern tools or surveying equipment. So, how did Egyptians build the pyramids ?

Scientists believe that the Egyptians used log rollers and sledges to move the stones into place. The sloped walls, which were intended to mimic the rays of Ra, the sun god, were originally built as steps, and then filled in with limestone. The interior of the pyramids included narrow corridors and hidden chambers in an unsuccessful attempt to foil grave robbers. Although modern archeologists have found some great treasures among the ruins, they believe most of what the pyramids once contained was looted within 250 years of their completion.

Hanging Gardens of Babylon

According to ancient Greek poets, the Hanging Gardens of Babylon were built near the Euphrates River in modern-day Iraq by the Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar II around 600 B.C. The gardens were said to have been planted as high as 75 feet in the air on a huge square brick terrace that was laid out in steps like a theater. The king allegedly built the towering gardens to ease his lover Amytis’ homesickness for the natural beauty of her home in Media (the northwestern part of modern-day Iran). Later writers described how people could walk underneath the beautiful gardens, which rested on tall stone columns. 

Modern scientists have deduced that for the gardens to survive they would have had to be irrigated using a system consisting of a pump, waterwheel and cisterns to carry water from the Euphrates many feet into the air. Though there are multiple accounts of the gardens in both Greek and Roman literature, none of them are firsthand, and no mention of the gardens has been found in Babylonian cuneiform inscriptions. As a result, most modern scholars believe that the existence of the gardens was part of an inspired and widely believed but still fictional tale.

Statue of Zeus at Olympia

The famed statue of Zeus, the king of the gods in Greek Mythology , was crafted by the Athenian sculptor Phidias and completed and placed in the temple of Zeus at Olympia, site of the ancient Olympics , around the mid-fifth century B.C. The statue depicted the god of thunder seated bare-chested at a wooden throne. Holding up the thrones’ armrests were two carved sphinxes, mythical creatures with the head and chest of a woman, the body of lion and the wings of a bird. The statue of Zeus was richly decorated with gold and ivory. 

At 40 feet, it was so tall that its head nearly touched the top of the temple. According to legend, the sculptor Phidias asked Zeus for a sign of his approval after finishing the statue; soon after, the temple was struck by lightning. The Zeus statue graced the temple at Olympia for more than eight centuries before Christian priests persuaded the Roman emperor to close the temple in the fourth century A.D. At that time, the statue was moved to a temple in Constantinople , where it is believed to have been destroyed in a fire in the year 462.

Temple of Artemis at Ephesus

There was actually more than one Temple of Artemis: A series of several altars and temples was destroyed and then restored on the same site in Ephesus , a Greek port city on the west coast of modern-day Turkey. The most fabulous of these structures were two marble temples built around 550 B.C. and 350 B.C., respectively. “Apart from Olympus, the Sun never looked on anything so grand,” the writer Antipater of Sidon wrote of the Temple of Artemis at Ephesus.

The original Temple of Artemis was designed by the Cretan architect Chersiphron and his son Metagenes and decorated by some of the most celebrated artists of the ancient world. The building burned on July 21, 356 B.C., according to legend the same night that Alexander the Great was born. It was torched by a Greek citizen named Herostratus , who claimed he burned the marvel so that his name would be known to history. He was put to death and the government declared it illegal to utter his name.

About six years later, the building of the new Temple of Artemis was begun. The new building was surrounded by marble steps that led to a more than 400-foot-long terrace. Inside stood 127 60-foot marble columns and a statue of Artemis, the Greek Goddess of the hunt. Archeologists disagree as to whether the building had an open-air ceiling or was topped with wood tiles. The temple was largely destroyed by Ostrogoths in A.D. 262, and it was not until the 1860s that archeologists dug up the first of the ruins of the temple’s columns at the bottom of the Cayster River.

Mausoleum at Halicarnassus

Located in what is now southeastern Turkey, the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus was a tomb built by Artemisia for her husband, Mausolus, the king of Carnia in Asia Minor, after his death in 353 B.C. Mausolus was also Artemisia’s brother, and, according to legend, she was so grief-stricken at his passing that she mixed his ashes with water and drank them in addition to ordering the mausoleum’s construction. The massive mausoleum was made entirely of white marble and is thought to have been about 135 feet high. 

The building’s complicated design, consisting of three rectangular layers, may have been an attempt to reconcile Lycian, Greek and Egyptian architectural styles. The first layer was a 60-foot base of steps, followed by a middle layer of 36 Ionic columns and a stepped, pyramid-shaped roof. At the very top of the roof lay the tomb, decorated by the work of four sculptors, and a 20-foot marble rendition of a four-horse chariot. 

The mausoleum was largely destroyed in an earthquake in the 13th century and its remains were later used in the fortification of a castle. In 1846, pieces of one of the mausoleum’s friezes were extracted from the castle and now reside, along with other relics from the Halicarnassus site, in London’s British Museum.

Colossus of Rhodes

The Colossus of Rhodes was an enormous bronze sculpture of the sun god Helios built by the Rhodians over 12 years in the third century B.C. The city was the target of a Macedonian siege early in the fourth century B.C. and, according to legend, the Rhodians sold the tools and equipment left behind by the Macedonians to pay for the Colossus. Designed by the sculptor Chares, the statue was, at 100 feet, the tallest of the ancient world. It was completed around 280 B.C. and stood for sixty years until it was toppled in an earthquake. It was never rebuilt. 

Hundreds of years later, Arabs invaded Rhodes and sold the remains of the statue as scrap metal. Because of this, archeologists do not know much about the exact location of the statue or what it looked like. Most believe that it depicted the sun god standing naked while he lifted a torch with one hand and held a spear in the other. It was once believed that the statue stood with one leg on each side of a harbor, but most scholars now agree that the statue’s legs were most likely built close together to support its immense weight.

Lighthouse of Alexandria

The Lighthouse of Alexandria was located on a small island called Pharos near the city of Alexandria. Designed by the Greek architect Sostratos and completed around 270 B.C. during the reign of Ptolemy II, the lighthouse helped to guide Nile River ships in and out of the city’s busy harbor. 

Archeologists have found ancient coins on which the lighthouse was depicted, and from them deduced that the structure had three tiers: a square level at the bottom, an octagonal level in the middle and a cylindrical top. Above that stood a 16-foot statue, most likely of Ptolemy II or Alexander the Great, for whom the city was named. Although estimates of the lighthouse’s height have ranged from 200 to 600 feet, most modern scholars believe it was about 380 feet tall. The lighthouse was gradually destroyed during a series of earthquakes from 956 to 1323. Some of its remains have since been discovered at the bottom of the Nile.

New 7 Wonders of the World

In 2007, the New 7 Wonders Foundation held a contest to name the “New 7 Wonders of the World.” Tens of millions of people voted for the UNESCO World Heritage Sites that made the list. They span four continents and attract thousands of tourists each year. They are:

• The Great Wall of China (Built 220 BC to 1644 AD)
• The Taj Mahal, India (Built 1632-1648 AD)
• Petra, Jordan (Built 4 Century BC-2 Century AD)
• The Colosseum in Rome, Italy (Built AD 72-82)
• Christ the Redeemer statue, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Built 1926-1931)
• Chichen Itza, Mexico (Built 5-13 century AD)
• Machu Picchu, Peru (Build mid-15 century AD)

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Modern Wonders of The World: Technical and Scientific Achievements

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Essay on “The New Seven Wonders of the World” Complete Essay for Class 10, Class 12 and Graduation and other classes.

Essay No. 01

The New Seven Wonders of the World

History gives sanctity to only one list of seven wonders the one compiled in 200 BC by the Greek mathematics Philon of Byzantium. The monuments that featured in the ancient list were the Colossus of Rhodes the pharos at Alexandria, The Hanging Gardens of Babylon the Temple of Artemis at Ephesus, the Great Pyramid of Giza, the Mausoleum of Mausolus at Halicarnassus and the Statue of Zeus at Olympia. The Taj Mahal does not figure in it because obviously it did not exist then,

The tradition of Seven Wonders has inspired succeeding generations to compile countless lists sice the Alexandrian era. The Seven Wonders of the Middle ages were the Colosseum of Rome the Catacombs of Alexzandria the Great Wall of CHina, the Stonehenge the Porcelain Tower of Nanjing, China, the leaning Tower of Pisa , Italy, and the Hagia Sopia of Constantinople.

The new seven wonders project kicked off in 2001 by the swiss adventure Bernard Weber, rectifies a problem with the old list. Actually the Greek writers were limited by their borders and could not have seen what else was going on around the world.

Later there was global movement to choose the new seven wonders of the world by structured international polling. It was initiated by the swiss entrepreneur Bernard Weber. The polling was open to all prince or pauper across the world. The campaign made it mandatory that the structures must be manmade and be in sufficient state of preservation.

The new seven wonders of the world were announced on July 7, 2007 in Lisbon,Portugal after a much hyped worldwide poll. The Taj Mahal was named at the top position in a new list of Seven Wonders of the World. The other six who made it were the pyramid at Chichen Itza of Mexico, the Christ the Redeemer of Brazil the Roman Colossseum of Italy the great wall of china the Machu Picchu of Peru and the pink ruins of Petra in Jordan.

The Taj Mahal was built in 1630 A.D in Agra, India. This immense and exclusive mausoleum was built on the orders of Shah Jahan, the fifth Mughal. The Taj Mahal is considered to the most perfect jewel of the Muslim art in India and one of the universally admired masterpieces of the world heritage.

The Pyramid at Chechen Itza, Mexico was built before 800 A.D Mexico Chechen Itza the most famous Mayan temple city, served as the political and economic centre of the Mayan civilization. This archeological site covers an area of approximately six square miles. The ruis are divided into two parts one part was built between 10th and 13th centuries A.D.

The Christ the Redeemer was built in Brazil in 1931. This statue of jesus stands some 38 mt. tall, atop the Corcovado mountain overlooking the Rio de Janeiro, designed by the Brazilian Heitor da Silva Costa. It was created by the French sculptor Paul Landowski.

The roman colosseum Italy was built between 70-82 A.D. to celebrate the glory of the Roman Empire. This is a great amphitheatre. This huge theatre has four floors and a total spectator capacity of about 50,000. This construction was started by the roman emperor Vespasian and was completed by his son, Titus.

The machu picchu was built in Peru, South America ,in the15th century, the I can emperor Pachacutee buit a city in the clouds of the mountain known as Machu Picchu. This extraordinary settlement lies halfway up the Andes plateau.Myths and legends indicate that the machu picchu was reserved as a sacred place and it was used as astronomical observatory.

Petra was built in Jordan between 9 B.C. and 40 A.D. on the edge of the Arabian Desert. Petra was the glittering capital of the Nabataian Empire of king Aretas IV. Petra is famous for having many stone structures carved johann Ludwig Burckhardt in 1812.

These seven wonders of the world are the most popular tourist spots in the world. Every year millions of tourists go to see them. The inclusion of the Taj Mahal at the top position has enhanced India’s prestige.

Essay No. 02

New 7 Wonders of the World

On 7/7/7 (a string of sevens) the new seven wonders of the world were announced by the New 7 Wonders Foundation (N7W) , a privately funded organization from Zurich in Switzerland. The announcement was made in Lisbon since it was a neutral country because no historical places was a contender for the new seven wonders from the country. The seven wonders were selected by millions of voters from across the globe by online or via telephone for their countries historical monuments to win and find a place in the new seven wonders of the world. The initial ten shortlisted historical places out of which seven wonders were globally elected were :

• Great Wall of China : was built (220 BC and 1368-1644 AD) to keep from invading Mongol tribes out of China. It is the longest man made monument to be visible from space!
• Ruins of Petra : was the glittering capital of the Nabatae-an empire of King Arctas IV (9 BC to 40 AD). It had great tunnel construction, theatre and its 42-metre high Hellenistic temple facade on the El-Deir Monastery are impressive examples of Middle Eastern Culture.
• Acropolis of Athens : The Acropolis (450-330 Be) temples have become the most famous architectural land marks of ancient and modern history.
• Chicken Itza ; It symbolizes worship and knowledge and was the most famous Mayan (800 AD) temple city.
• The Statue of Christ Redeemer : A 38 metres tall statue of Jesus stands atop the carcovado mountain overlooking Rio de Janeiro since 1031. It welcomes visitors to Brazil.
• Roman Colosseum : An amphitheater in the centre of Rome was built in (70-82 AD) to celebrate the glory of the Roman Empire. Cruel fights and games used to take place in the area for the joy of the spectators!
• Easter Land Statues Is a collection of 25 metre-high stone sculptures by the society of Polynesian and is believed to be erected between (10th and 16th century). These stone figures are known as Moat
• Eiffel Tower: was created by Guestave Eiffel in 1887-89 AD. It is a magnificent steel tower and is a symbol of Paris. It is a fine example of an architecture.
• Taj Mahal : was a mausoleum built in 17th century by Shah Japan in memory of his beloved wife Noor Jean. It is built out of white marble and is the greatest symbol of love and passion.
• Incan Emperor Pachacutec The extraordinary settlement was built on the mountain known as Machu Picchu. It is a symbol of dedication and community.

The Seven New Wonders of the World are:

• Taj Mahal (India)
• Great Wall of China (China)
• Ruins of Petra(Jordan)
• The Coloseum (Rome)
• Statue of Christ Redeemer (Brazil)
• Perus Machu Picchu (Peru)
• Chichen Itza Pyramid (Mexico)

Essay No. 03

The Seven New Wonders of The World

The project named as ‘New 7 Wonders of the World’ was launched, as a private initiative, by Bernard Weber of Swiss-origin, in 1999. The New Open World Corporation and relevant website were established in 2001. The objective of the New 7 Wonders Foundation was to revive the ‘seven wonders of the ancient world’ concept, and prepare a list of modern ‘new 7 wonders of the world’ through a popular vote.

Herodotus (484 BC-425 BC) and Callimachus (305 BC-240 BC) had listed the ‘ancient’ 7 wonders of the world as: Great Pyramid of Giza, Hanging Gardens of Babylon, Statue of Zeus at Olympia, Temple of Artemis at Ephesus, Mausoleum of Maussollos at Halicarnassus, Colossus of Rhodes, and Lighthouse of Alexandria. Of these, only the Great Pyramid of Giza is still standing; other six were destroyed in earthquake, fire, or due to other reasons.

For inclusion in the list of ‘new 7 wonders’ , the site had to be man-made, completed before the year 2000, and be in an acceptable state of preservation. People were invited to cast their votes through the internet or telephone. Over 100 million votes were cast to select `new 7 wonders’ from among the sites in 200 countries of the world. There was no check on multiple voting. By November 2005, 177 monuments were up for consideration. On 1 January 2006, the list was narrowed down to 21 sites. Later, following complaints from Egypt over the inclusion of their ancient Great Pyramid in the list of ‘new 7 wonders’, it was reduced to 20. A midpoint tally had a top 10 list which included all 7 winners, plus Acropolis (Greece), Easter Island Moais (Chile) and the Eiffel Tower (France). T

The winners were announced on 7 July 2007 in Lisbon, Portugal.

The project had assigned attributes to each finalist, such as perseverance for the Great Wall of China and passion for the Taj Mahal.

In India, the movement had gathered momentum and reached a crescendo in July 2007 with news channels, radio stations, and many celebrities asking the public to vote. The Taj Mahal made it to the list of ‘new 7 wonders of the world’

The organizing foundation had relied on private donations, the sale of promotional merchandise and revenue from broadcasting rights to obtain funds, and originally committed to investing 50% of excess revenue in global good causes related to monument preservation and reconstruction. However, at the end, they wriggled out claiming ‘no earning’ from the exercise.

This project had nothing to do with the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) whose ‘World Heritage List’ is different, and Taj Mahal was included in it in 1983. The Taj Mahal is a mausoleum in Agra, India, that was built under Mughal Emperor ShahJahan in memory of his beloved wife, Mumtaz Mahal. It has been cited as ‘the jewel of Muslim art in India and is one of the most admired masterpieces of the World’s Heritage’.

With immense public participation, the ‘new 7 wonders of the world’ have been chosen, and India’s Taj Mahal is one of them for people across the world to admire and enjoy.

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The 7 wonders of the solar system

Most of us can only name a few of the seven wonders of the world, but historians, archaeologists, and pub quizzers can rattle off the names of each and every one of them. Their faces will light up as they tell you all about the Temple of Artemis, the Statue of Zeus, the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus, the Colossus of Rhodes, and the Lighthouse of Alexandria, and so on.

But ask a roomful of astronomers to name the seven wonders of the solar system and you’ll get lots of different answers — and probably start an argument! That’s because there is no definitive, universally agreed-upon list of the seven most fascinating places in our cosmic neighborhood.

Maybe there will be one day, when probes and people have traveled to and explored every planet and moon, every asteroid and chunk of icy debris, every nook and cranny around the Sun. But that day is a long way off.

So, in the meantime, I’ve compiled my list of seven places in our solar system that I consider to be worthy of the status of wonders. You’ll have your own suggestions, and I’m not claiming these are the most wonderful wonders. These are simply the places in the solar system that I personally wish I could visit in person.

Mare Orientale (the Moon)

Mare Orientale is a giant, 560-mile-wide (900 kilometers) impact basin on the Moon, comprising two rings of mountains surrounding a dark mare — or ancient flow of lava — that gives it the appearance of an enormous cosmic bullseye. Unfortunately, it lies right on the eastern limb of the Moon, so we only ever see it obliquely. But this fascinating feature is still visible as a thin sliver of gray close to the Moon’s curved edge. However, if it were positioned so that it faced Earth, it would make the Moon look like a huge eye staring down at us. (Just imagine the creepy appearance that bloodshot eye would take during a lunar eclipse…) Either way, this gorgeous lunar site is definitely worthy of closer exploration.

Valles Marineris (Mars)

Valles Marineris is an epic martian rift valley, stretching some 2,500 miles (4,000 km) long and reaching depths of about 4.5 miles (7 km), that was first discovered by Mariner 9 in 1971. Dwarfing the famous Grand Canyon in the U.S., many planetary astronomers consider Valles Marineris to be the Grand Canyon of the entire solar system. It stretches around almost a quarter of Mars’ circumference along the equator, like an ancient axe wound in the planet’s rust-hued crust. It’s hard not to envy the astronauts who will one day fly over its long, narrow central canyon, staring down at its landslides, cliffs, and side canyons in all their glory.

The volcanoes of Io (moon of Jupiter)

Of the four moons of Jupiter discovered by Galileo , Io is by far the most colorful and dramatic. The first Voyager images showed the moon was a bewildering variety of shades of yellow, orange, and red, like a pizza painted by Picasso and Matisse. But Io isn’t covered in cheese, it is covered in sulfur that gushes, spurts, and sloshes from hundreds of volcanoes that are scattered across its surface. The largest, appropriately named Loki, is a depression more than 130 miles (200 km) wide that hosts a lake of liquid sulfur within it. Other volcanoes send fan-shaped plumes of material shooting hundreds of miles out into space — a surely stunning sight up close!

The ‘Tiger Stripes’ of Enceladus (moon of Saturn)

On May 20, 2005, the Cassini probe took images of the south polar region of Saturn’s icy moon Enceladus . These new views showed four long, dark lines crossing the moon’s crust, resembling wounds raked across the world’s face by the claws of a tiger. Later observations revealed them to be fractures in Enceladus’ crust flanked on each side by high ridges. These Tiger Stripes on Enceladus became even more fascinating when images taken during later fly-bys revealed huge plumes of water vapor hissing from the fractures, sending a mist of ice crystals skyward that would sparkle and glint in the sunlight.

Kraken Mare on Titan (moon of Saturn)

Near the north pole of Saturn’s largest moon, Titan, lies a vast sea named Kraken Mare, which covers some 150,000 square miles (400,000 square kilometers). That’s roughly five times the area of Lake Superior. Discovered by the space probe Cassini in July 2006, Kraken Mare was named after the legendary sea monster, the Kraken. But Kraken Mare does not host cool blue water. Instead, this body is made of liquid methane that sloshes and slurps in Titan’s dim orange sunlight. Tides up to 16 feet (5 meters) tall roll across it. Kraken Mare has also displayed bright, short-lived features, christened “Magic Islands,” which are thought to be huge bubbles of nitrogen that rise up from the alien sea’s shadowy depths and burst at the surface.

The icy plains of Pluto

The dwarf planet Pluto has so many fascinating features on it that I should probably call it a wonder in its own right. Lurking in the frigid depths of the Kuiper Belt — a ring of icy bodies beyond the orbit of Neptune — Pluto was first seen in detail by the New Horizons probe . This ambitious mission whooshed by the world in 2015, sending back breathtaking images of the Pluto’s heart-shaped icy plain (roughly the color of vanilla ice cream), glaciers rolling through gaps in towering mountains, and possible ice volcanoes, too. Plus, the north polar region of Pluto’s largest moon, Charon, is colored almost blood red, which is why it was informally named Mordor. Who could resist such a sight?

The greatest comet of all time

Somewhere out there in the dark, eternal winter wastelands of the outer solar system, is a huge chunk of dusty ice destined to become the greatest comet ever seen from Earth. One day, its tail will be painted across the sky like a banner as it passes near our planet, and people around the world will marvel at it until it fades from view. It has no name yet — in fact, its discoverer might not even have been born yet. All we know is that it’s out there, waiting to be found. At first, it may only look like an out-of-focus smudge on an image of another celestial target. But months or years later it will blaze in the sky, having grown into a truly Great Comet that will put comets Halley , Hale-Bopp, and all other comet throughout history, to shame.

And who knows, maybe you’ll spot it tonight!

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How old is each planet in our solar system?

Could we find Planet Nine using JWST?