what is paraphrasing a poem

How to Paraphrase a Poem: A 5 Step-by-Step Guide

There are times when you may need to paraphrase a poem. If you want to know how to paraphrase a poem, read on.

Paraphrasing involves rewriting the words of another author in your own words. Getting it right is a skill. While you want to be careful not to use words that are too similar to the source to avoid being accused of plagiarism, you also need to ensure that the original text’s meaning remains intact. In academic writing, paraphrasing is a useful tool that allows you to reference the work of others without having to quote their work directly.

Why you would paraphrase sections of an article, essay, or novel is clear. But why would one paraphrase a poem? Read on to see our step-by-step guide outlining how to paraphrase a poem correctly.

Why Would You Paraphrase a Poem?

1. carefully read through the poem a few times, 2. analyze the poem, 3. recite the poem in your own words, 4. start writing, 5. proofread your work.

If you’ve ever had to write an essay at college or university, you’ll be well-versed in the art of paraphrasing. Paraphrasing the words of another scholar or academic allows one to incorporate their research into your work skillfully. Apart from demonstrating that you’ve adequately understood your source material, paraphrasing also makes for writing that flows well. Your work reads more smoothly if you paraphrase than constantly insert direct quotes.

As you will undoubtedly know, paraphrasing other people’s words is OK as long as you reference their work. In the academic world, plagiarism is not allowed in any case. 

Here are a few reasons for paraphrasing a poem:

• For your understanding: Many regard poetry as the most difficult literary form. This is because poems often contain figurative language, which is dense and challenging to unpack. By paraphrasing a poem in your own words, you can ensure that you clearly understand the figurative phrases and have grasped the meaning the poet is trying to convey.
• To save space: you may need to reference a piece of poetry in an essay; paraphrasing allows you to do this without including the whole poem
• When writing about a poem: As is the case with any other literary forms, such as novels or short stories, you need to refer to the content of a poem when you’re writing about it. Since you don’t always want to quote directly from a poem, you may choose to paraphrase lines from time to time.
• When trying to explain a poem: Paraphrasing a poem effectively conveys its meaning. If you’ve grasped a poem and try to help somebody else understand it, paraphrasing the poem’s lines in easy-to-understand, everyday language is a useful method.

You might also want to learn about a refrain in poems .

How To Paraphrase a Poem

The first step you need to take when paraphrasing somebody else’s words are to read their work carefully. This is especially important when paraphrasing a poem since this literary form is notoriously difficult to interpret. Ensure you grasp the meaning and feel a deep understanding of the themes and meanings of the poem before you begin paraphrasing.

Next, you need to go thoroughly analyze the poetry. This means that you should go through the poem line by line. Look up words in the dictionary that you don’t understand and carefully unpack similes, metaphors, symbolic sections, and other figurative phrases. Also, consider the poem’s structure since poetry often is just as important for meaning as the content. In addition, think about the period in which the poem was written and how this may have influenced how the poet has chosen to construct their work.

Once you’re quite certain that you understand all aspects of the poem, it’s time to start using your own words. Depending on how you plan to refer to the poem in your written work, you may choose to paraphrase line by line or in larger chunks, such as stanzas or sections. Before writing down your words, it makes sense first to recite them. Try to use common everyday language and keep things as simple as possible. The aim is not to create beautiful or ornate phrases but to reveal the essential meaning of a dense literary work in plain language.

After reciting your paraphrased version of the entire poem or sections of the poem, it’s time to put pen to paper. Since you’ve probably recited different versions of your own words by this point, you should have a clear idea of how you’d like to paraphrase various lines or sections of the poem.

If you get stuck, remember that one of the first steps you want to take is to write down the literal meaning of the poet’s words. For instance, Shakespeare’s line “If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head,” can be paraphrased as “Her hair is coarse and dry instead of silky and soft.”

Also, while poets often condense their content to fit within the rhythm and meter of the poem, you are not limited by such constraints. It’s not that tricky to paraphrase poetic lines in your own words when you can fill in the spaces and missing words that a poet has consciously omitted. Since you’re rewriting a poem in prose form, remember that your paraphrased version should consist of full sentences.

Once you’ve completed your paraphrased version of the poem, you should proofread your work. First, read through your paraphrased version line by line or section by section, and double-check that you’ve captured the original work’s meaning. This is very important. Whether you’re using your paraphrased words in an essay or to explain the poem to students, it’s essential that you accurately portray the meaning the poet worked so hard to bring across.

Here are a few other things to look out for:

• Avoid overuse of synonyms: While it’s OK to replace the occasional word with its synonym, you should guard against using synonyms as your sole method of paraphrasing. When paraphrasing someone else’s words, you need to demonstrate that you understand the work by completely rewriting lines or sections in your own words. Rewriting original lines and just replacing some words with their synonyms constitutes plagiarism.
• Changing word order is not paraphrasing: Although this is a trick often employed by lazy students, simply shuffling the word order of a line does not equate to paraphrasing. Again, you need to rewrite the other author’s words in your own words. Otherwise, you are plagiarizing. In addition, simply rearranging the words of another author serves no purpose.
• Use the same point-of-view: Remember to retain the point-of-view of the original work when you’re paraphrasing. For instance, if a poem utilizes the first-person point-of-view, your paraphrased version should also be in the first person. For instance, the line “While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping” can be paraphrased as “While I was falling asleep I suddenly heard a tapping sound.”
• Avoid adding your ideas: You should stay true to the original work when paraphrasing. While you should use your own words, avoid changing the original content or adding any of your ideas or opinions.
• Make sure to reference the original source : You must reference the origins of the poetry and credit the author, even when paraphrasing.

For more, check out our roundup of the best grammar checkers .

• Paraphrasing Tools
• How to Avoid Plagiarism
• How to Paraphrase Poetry: A Step-by-Step Guide with Examples

Paraphrasing poetry involves restating the poem’s content in your own words while maintaining the original meaning and tone. To paraphrase a poem means to rephrase the text, simplifying complex language and clarifying intricate ideas without altering the poem’s essence. This skill is particularly useful for gaining a deeper understanding of poetic works and for conveying interpretations in a more accessible manner.

The importance of paraphrasing poetry in literary analysis and academic writing cannot be overstated. It helps students and scholars to grasp the nuances of a poem, facilitating a better appreciation of its themes, structure, and stylistic devices. Paraphrasing also aids in avoiding plagiarism, as it requires you to process and express the poem’s ideas independently. Additionally, tools like Grammarly paraphrasing can support this process by suggesting alternative phrasings and ensuring clarity.

The objectives of this guide are to provide a clear and systematic approach to paraphrasing poetry, offer practical steps and examples to illustrate the process, and highlight common mistakes to avoid. By following this guide, you will learn how to paraphrase a poem effectively, enhancing your ability to analyze and write about poetry with greater confidence and precision.

Understanding Paraphrasing in Poetry

Definition of paraphrasing in the context of poetry.

Paraphrasing in poetry involves restating the poem’s content in your own words while preserving the original meaning, tone, and nuances. To paraphrase a poem means to rephrase its lines to make the underlying messages clearer and more accessible. This process often involves breaking down complex language, figurative expressions, and dense imagery into simpler, more straightforward terms.

Differences Between Paraphrasing Poetry and Prose

• Poetry:  Often uses figurative language, metaphor, and symbolic imagery that requires careful interpretation.
• Prose:  Typically employs more straightforward and literal language.
• Paraphrasing Poetry:  Involves deciphering and rephrasing metaphorical language and maintaining the emotional and thematic essence.
• Paraphrasing Prose:  Focuses on simplifying and clarifying the content without the need to interpret symbolic meanings.
• Poetry:  Has a distinct form, rhythm, and sometimes rhyme, which contribute to its meaning and impact.
• Prose:  Generally follows a standard grammatical structure without a specific rhythmic pattern.
• Paraphrasing Poetry:  Requires attention to maintaining the flow and musicality where possible, even in a simplified form.
• Paraphrasing Prose:  Concentrates on conveying information clearly and concisely without the need for rhythmic consistency.
• Poetry:  Condenses deep emotions and complex themes into a compact form, often using fewer words.
• Prose:  Typically elaborates on themes and emotions with detailed explanations.
• Paraphrasing Poetry:  Involves extracting and restating these condensed emotions and themes in a more expansive and accessible manner.
• Paraphrasing Prose:  Focuses on summarizing detailed explanations without losing essential information.

Benefits of Paraphrasing Poetry

• Paraphrasing helps break down complex poetic language, making it easier to grasp the poet’s intended meaning.
• Encourages deeper engagement with the text, fostering a more profound appreciation of its themes and nuances.
• The process of paraphrasing requires close reading and careful interpretation, enhancing analytical and critical thinking skills.
• Helps in identifying key literary devices and understanding their significance within the poem.
• Paraphrasing allows you to express the ideas and themes of a poem in your own words, making it easier to discuss and write about poetry in academic settings.
• Aids in explaining complex poems to others, facilitating better communication and discussion.
• By rephrasing the poem’s content, you ensure that you are not merely copying the original text, thus maintaining academic integrity.
• Tools like Grammarly paraphrasing can assist in this process, suggesting alternative phrasings and ensuring that the paraphrased content is original.

By understanding the nuances of paraphrasing in the context of poetry, you can develop a valuable skill that enhances both your comprehension and communication of poetic works. This foundational knowledge is essential as you learn how to paraphrase a poem effectively, ensuring that you maintain the integrity and richness of the original text.

Steps for Paraphrasing Poetry

Step 1: read and understand the poem.

Techniques for Reading Poetry Effectively:

• Read Aloud:  Reading the poem aloud helps you grasp its rhythm, tone, and emotional impact.
• Multiple Readings:  Read the poem several times to fully understand its meaning and nuances.
• Annotate:  Make notes on the poem, underlining or highlighting key phrases, unfamiliar words, and significant imagery.
• Context:  Research the poet and the context in which the poem was written to gain additional insights.

Identifying Key Themes and Messages:

• Theme:  Determine the central ideas or themes of the poem. What is the poet trying to convey?
• Imagery:  Identify the main images and symbols used in the poem. How do they contribute to the overall meaning?
• Tone and Mood:  Pay attention to the tone (the poet’s attitude) and the mood (the feeling evoked in the reader).
• Structure:  Look at the poem’s structure. How do the stanzas, line breaks, and rhyme scheme affect its meaning?

Step 2: Break Down the Poem

Analyzing Stanza by Stanza or Line by Line:

• Stanza Analysis:  Break the poem into stanzas and analyze each one separately. What is the main idea of each stanza?
• Line Analysis:  For more detailed analysis, examine each line. What does each line contribute to the poem’s overall meaning?

Highlighting Difficult Words and Phrases:

• Vocabulary:  Identify and look up any difficult or unfamiliar words.
• Phrases:  Highlight any complex phrases or metaphors. Consider their literal and figurative meanings.
• Interpretation:  Write down your interpretations of these words and phrases. How do they fit into the context of the poem?

Step 3: Rewrite in Your Own Words

Simplifying Language and Maintaining Meaning:

• Restate:  Rewrite each stanza or line in simpler language, ensuring you retain the original meaning and tone.
• Clarify:  Clarify any metaphors or symbols, translating them into straightforward language while preserving their essence.
• Consistency:  Maintain the overall theme and message of the poem in your paraphrase.

Avoiding Plagiarism While Paraphrasing:

• Originality:  Ensure that your paraphrase is genuinely in your own words and not just a rearrangement of the original text.
• Credit:  Always credit the original poem and poet when using paraphrased content in your work.
• Tools:  Use tools like Grammarly paraphrasing to check for unintentional plagiarism and to refine your rephrased content.

Example of Paraphrasing

Original Line:  “The woods are lovely, dark and deep,”

Paraphrased Line:  “The forest is beautiful, with a dark and profound quality,”

By following these steps, you can effectively paraphrase a poem, transforming complex poetic language into clear, accessible prose while preserving the original meaning and emotional impact. This process not only aids in understanding and analyzing poetry but also enhances your ability to communicate your interpretations in academic writing.

Examples of Paraphrased Poems

Example 1: classic poem.

Original Poem:  “The Road Not Taken” by Robert Frost

Two roads diverged in a yellow wood, And sorry I could not travel both And be one traveler, long I stood And looked down one as far as I could To where it bent in the undergrowth;

Then took the other, as just as fair, And having perhaps the better claim, Because it was grassy and wanted wear; Though as for that the passing there Had worn them really about the same,

And both that morning equally lay In leaves no step had trodden black. Oh, I kept the first for another day! Yet knowing how way leads on to way, I doubted if I should ever come back.

I shall be telling this with a sigh Somewhere ages and ages hence: Two roads diverged in a wood, and I— I took the one less traveled by, And that has made all the difference.

Paraphrased Version with Explanation:  In a forest filled with yellow leaves, two paths split. Regrettably, I couldn’t travel both, so as one traveler, I stood there for a long time, examining one path as far as I could see until it curved into the bushes.

Then I chose the other path, which seemed just as good, perhaps even better, since it was grassy and less worn. However, both paths had been traveled similarly.

That morning, both paths were covered in untrodden leaves. I saved the first path for another day, but knowing how one path leads to another, I doubted I would ever return.

In the future, with a sigh, I will say that two roads diverged in a forest, and I chose the one less traveled, and that has made all the difference.

Explanation:  This paraphrase simplifies Frost’s complex language while maintaining the poem’s message about choices and their impacts on life. The original poem’s metaphors and imagery are translated into straightforward language, making the themes of decision-making and individuality clear.

Example 2: Modern Poem

Original Poem:  “Fire and Ice” by Robert Frost

Some say the world will end in fire, Some say in ice. From what I’ve tasted of desire I hold with those who favor fire. But if it had to perish twice, I think I know enough of hate To say that for destruction ice Is also great And would suffice.

Paraphrased Version with Explanation:  Some people believe the world will end in fire, while others think it will end in ice. Based on my experiences with desire, I agree with those who think it will be fire. But if the world were to end twice, I understand enough about hate to know that ice would also be a powerful force of destruction and would be enough.

Explanation:  This paraphrase simplifies Frost’s poetic language while retaining the poem’s exploration of human emotions like desire and hate. The paraphrased version makes the poem’s contemplation of the world’s end more accessible by translating metaphorical expressions into clear, straightforward language.

By examining these examples, you can see how paraphrasing poetry involves breaking down complex poetic language and imagery into simpler terms while preserving the original meaning and emotional impact. This practice not only enhances comprehension but also improves the ability to communicate nuanced interpretations in a clear and concise manner.

Common Mistakes and How to Avoid Them

Paraphrasing poetry requires careful attention to detail and a deep understanding of the original text. Here are some common mistakes people make when paraphrasing poetry and tips on how to avoid them.

Misinterpreting the Original Meaning

Common Mistake:

• Misunderstanding the poet’s intended message, themes, or emotions can lead to a paraphrase that distorts the original poem.
• Example: Interpreting a metaphor literally instead of figuratively, resulting in an incorrect interpretation.

How to Avoid:

• Close Reading:  Carefully read the poem multiple times to grasp its full meaning.
• Contextual Research:  Research the historical, cultural, and biographical context of the poem to better understand its themes and references.
• Consult Literary Resources:  Use annotations, literary critiques, and discussions to clarify difficult passages and gain insights into the poem’s deeper meanings.

Losing the Essence of the Poem

• Failing to capture the tone, mood, or emotional impact of the original poem, resulting in a paraphrase that lacks the original’s emotional depth.
• Example: Paraphrasing a sorrowful poem in a way that makes it sound neutral or unemotional.
• Emotional Awareness:  Pay close attention to the emotions conveyed by the poem and ensure your paraphrase reflects these feelings.
• Tone Matching:  Try to maintain the tone of the original poem in your paraphrase. If the poem is somber, your paraphrase should reflect that somberness.
• Practice and Compare:  Regularly practice paraphrasing and compare your versions with the original to see if you have maintained the emotional and tonal essence.

Over-simplifying Complex Ideas

• Reducing complex themes, metaphors, and imagery to overly simplistic interpretations, losing the richness of the original poem.
• Example: Turning a vivid, symbolic description into a plain, uninteresting statement.
• Balance Simplicity and Depth:  While paraphrasing should simplify the language, it should not strip away the poem’s complexity.
• Detail Retention:  Retain key details and nuances that convey the poem’s deeper meanings.
• Synonym Caution:  Choose synonyms carefully to ensure they do not alter the poem’s meaning or diminish its impact.

Tips for Avoiding These Mistakes

• Analyze the poem in depth before paraphrasing. Understand both the literal and figurative meanings of each line.
• Research the background of the poem, including the poet’s life, the historical period, and the cultural context.
• When substituting words, select synonyms that preserve the original meaning and tone. Avoid words that drastically change the context or feeling.
• Try to keep the structure and flow of ideas similar to the original poem. This helps maintain the poem’s rhythm and coherence.
• Compare your paraphrase with the original poem to ensure it accurately represents the poem’s meaning, tone, and complexity. Revise as necessary.
• Share your paraphrase with peers, teachers, or literary forums to get feedback. Others might catch nuances or meanings you missed.
• The more you practice paraphrasing poetry, the better you will become at capturing the essence and complexity of the original works.

By understanding and avoiding these common mistakes, you can improve your ability to paraphrase poetry effectively. This will enhance your understanding of poetic works and enable you to communicate your interpretations with greater clarity and precision.

Table of Contents

• Mastering Paraphrasing: Your Comprehensive Step-by-Step Guide
• How to Write a Blog Post
• Summarizing vs. Paraphrasing: Mastering the Art of Effective Writing

A Guide to Paraphrasing Poetry, With Examples

• Posted on July 12, 2024

Paraphrasing poetry involves rephrasing poems in your own words while retaining the original meanings and emotional depth. Engaging with poetry paraphrasing sharpens comprehension and critical thinking skills, enabling readers to delve deeper into the poetic works. 

This practice is not just about altering the words; it’s about understanding the essence of the poetry and conveying it effectively. Mastery in this area helps students and educators appreciate literary nuances and enhances their ability to communicate complex ideas. 

Therefore, learning to paraphrase poetry is essential for anyone looking to develop a profound connection with literature and improve their interpretative and analytical skills.

Understanding the Basics of Poetry

Exploring poetry requires grasping its fundamental components and the tools poets use to weave meaning and emotion into their work.

What Are the Key Elements of Poetry?

Poetry is a form of art that uses language to create emotional and intellectual responses. It’s more than just words strung together; it’s a way of using language in a condensed, focused, and musical way to evoke feelings, ideas, and experiences.

Here are the key elements that make up a poem:

• Structure and Form: This refers to how the poem is visually arranged on the page. Poems can be written in free verse, which has no set form or rhyme scheme, or in a specific form, like a sonnet or haiku . Rhyme Scheme: Rhyme scheme is the pattern of rhyming sounds at the ends of lines of poetry. It can add to the poem’s musicality and help create a sense of unity and structure.
• Sound and Rhythm: These elements create a musical effect and can be used to emphasize certain words or phrases. Some sound devices include alliteration, assonance, consonance, and onomatopoeia.
• Figurative Language: This language is used non-literally to create a more vivid image or to express a complex idea more concisely. Some familiar figures of speech include metaphors, similes, personification, and symbolism.

How Do Poetic Devices Influence Meaning?

Poetic devices like metaphors, similes, and alliteration add layers of meaning and help convey complex emotions succinctly. These tools beautify the text and deepen the reader’s engagement by invoking imagination and evoking specific feelings. 

When paraphrasing poetry, recognizing these devices allows you to preserve the original poem’s depth and impact in your rephrased version.

Why is Paraphrasing Poetry Important?

Paraphrasing poetry enhances our grasp of language and its expressive power. It challenges us to think critically about what we read and hear.

Deeper Understanding

Paraphrasing compels readers to interpret every line and metaphor, which deepens their connection to the text. As you explore various meanings and nuances, you gain a more intimate understanding of the poet’s intentions and the work’s cultural context.

Improved Analysis

This technique improves analytical skills by requiring the paraphraser to distinguish between subtle shades of meaning. By engaging deeply with the text, readers develop a keen eye for literary techniques and structures, which is invaluable in academic and personal pursuits.

Enhancing Communication

Mastering poetry paraphrasing can significantly improve one’s ability to communicate complex ideas succinctly and effectively. Translating poetic language into everyday speech without losing its original impact teaches valuable clarity and precision skills applicable to all forms of communication.

The Process of Paraphrasing Poetry

Paraphrasing poetry requires a deep engagement with the text to capture its essence in new words. This section explains how to approach this nuanced task effectively.

• Understanding the Concept of Paraphrasing in Literary Contexts: Paraphrasing in literature involves more than changing words. It requires immersing oneself in the emotional and thematic layers of the poem, ensuring that the rephrased version reflects the original spirit and intent.
• Reading for Comprehensive Understanding: Start by reading the poem several times. Focus on understanding every word and phrase. Consider the poem’s context and possible intentions, which will guide accurate paraphrasing.
• Identifying Key Themes and Messages: Highlight the central themes and messages of the poem. These are the core elements that your paraphrase should convey, ensuring that the transformed text remains true to the original meanings.
• Avoiding Over-simplification: Avoid stripping away the depth that characterizes poetry while simplifying the language. Maintain the complexity of the poem’s ideas and imagery to preserve its literary value.
• Preserving the Poetic Essence and Style: Keep the poet’s style and tone in your paraphrase. Whether the poem is sad, joyful, or ironic, your wording should reflect these nuances, honoring the poet’s unique voice.

Step-by-Step Guide to Paraphrasing Poems

Mastering poetry paraphrasing demands a systematic approach to maintaining the integrity and depth of the original poem. Follow these detailed steps to paraphrase poetry effectively.

Following these steps, you can effectively paraphrase poetry while retaining its essence and beauty. This method helps in academic and educational settings and enhances your appreciation and understanding of poetry.

Step 1: Close Reading and Analysis

Begin with a close reading of the poem. Pay attention to every word, phrase, and punctuation mark. Analyze how these elements contribute to the overall impact of the poem. Consider the poem’s structure, the flow of ideas, and the emotions it evokes. This thorough understanding is crucial for effective paraphrasing.

Step 2: Identify Key Themes and Ideas

Extract the central themes and main ideas from the poem. These should guide your paraphrasing process, ensuring the poem’s essence remains intact even as the words change. Make notes on the motifs and messages essential to the poem’s core.

Step 3: Deconstruct Figurative Language (Metaphors, Similes, etc.)

Figurative language , such as metaphors and similes, enriches a poem’s meaning and emotional depth. Identify and understand these elements in their specific contexts. Consider what these figures of speech convey in the poem and how they can be effectively translated into your paraphrasing.

Step 4: Rephrasing in Your Own Words

Now, start rephrasing the poem. Use your vocabulary to express the original ideas and themes. Ensure your words reflect the intensity and nuances of the poem. Keep your language clear, but maintain the literary quality of the original.

Step 5: Maintain the Overall Meaning and Tone

It is vital to preserve the poem’s original tone and overall meaning. Whether the poem is sad, joyful, or contemplative, your paraphrased version should reflect the same mood. This alignment ensures the poem’s original beauty and impact are preserved.

Step 6: Focus on Clarity and Conciseness

Strive for clarity and conciseness in your paraphrasing. Remove ambiguity and ensure each line conveys its meaning directly and efficiently. However, ensure you do not oversimplify to lose the poem’s richness.

Step 7: Consider Rhyme and Rhythm (Optional)

While only sometimes necessary, maintaining the rhyme and rhythm can be beneficial, primarily if the original poem heavily relies on these elements for its effect. If you keep these aspects, find ways to integrate them smoothly without compromising the meaning or sounding forced.

Step 8: Proofread and Revise

Finally, proofread your paraphrased poem. Check for errors in grammar, punctuation, and style. Ensure that your version stands on its own as a coherent and engaging piece of poetry. Revise parts that do not align perfectly with the original’s spirit or could be more precise or powerful.

Examples of Paraphrased Poetry

Exploring real examples provides a clearer insight into the art of poetry paraphrase. 

Below are two examples illustrating how to paraphrase poetry, covering simple and complex poems effectively.

Before and After Example 1 (Simple Poem)

I wandered lonely as a cloud

That floats on high o’er vales and hills,

When, all at once, I saw a crowd,

A host of golden daffodils;

Beside the lake, beneath the trees,

Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.

• By William Wordsworth

Paraphrased:

Alone, I moved like a cloud

Hovering above valleys and hills,

Suddenly, I glimpsed a group,

Many bright daffodils;

Next to the lake, under the trees,

Swaying and twirling with the wind.

This example shows how you can maintain the original imagery and sentiment of the poem while changing the words and phrasing to make the text your own.

Before and After Example 2 (Figurative Language)

Hope is the thing with feathers

That perches in the soul,

And sings the tune without the words,

And never stops at all,

And sweetest in the gale is heard;

And sore must be the storm

That could abash the little bird

That kept so many warm.

• By Emily Dickinson

Hope is a bird with plumes

That rests within the soul,

It hums a melody wordless,

It never ceases to echo,

Its voice most tender in the storm;

So fierce must be the tempest

That would dismay this small bird

That has warmed so many.

In this example, the paraphrase preserves the metaphor of hope as a bird, subtly alters the language, and maintains the essence and poetic devices that Emily Dickinson employs, like internal rhyme and rhythm. 

These adaptations demonstrate how to keep the poetic and figurative language rich and intact while rephrasing.

Relevance of Contextual Analysis in Paraphrasing Poetry

Integrating broader literary and historical contexts into paraphrasing can enrich your understanding and interpretation. This deeper analysis helps ensure that your rephrasing maintains the richness and depth of the original poem.

Understanding the Poet’s Historical Background

Gain insights into the poet’s life and era. This knowledge can profoundly impact how you perceive and convey the themes and imagery in your paraphrase. Familiarity with the poet’s background allows you to capture the essence of the poem’s message, offering a more authentic and grounded interpretation.

Analyzing the Poem within Its Literary Movement

Examine the defining features of the literary movement associated with the poem. Whether it reflects the emotional intensity of Romanticism, the disillusionment of Modernism, or any other style, recognizing these influences can guide you in preserving the integrity and stylistic nuances of the original work in your paraphrase.

Considering the Influence of Cultural References

Identify and understand cultural references and allusions within the poem. Such insights are vital for grasping the full scope of the poem’s meaning. Awareness of these elements ensures that your paraphrase respects and reflects the poet’s intended messages, enhancing accuracy and depth.

Interpreting Symbolism and Metaphors with Context

Engage with the symbolism and metaphors in the poem, considering their historical and cultural relevance. This method allows you to reconstruct the layered meanings the poet intended accurately. A context-aware paraphrase stays faithful to the original text and resonates with the richness designed by its creator.

Mistakes to Avoid When Paraphrasing Poetry

Effective paraphrasing of poetry requires careful attention to detail to avoid common pitfalls. Recognizing these mistakes can significantly enhance your ability to create faithful and impactful paraphrases.

Oversimplification

Avoid reducing the poem’s depth when simplifying its language. Stripping too much detail can result in losing the nuanced meanings and emotional undertones that define the poem. Aim to balance simplicity with richness to preserve the poem’s original flavor and complexity.

Misinterpreting Figurative Language

Figurative language is a cornerstone of poetic expression, often conveying more than the literal meaning of the words. 

Misreading metaphors, similes, or symbolism can lead to a paraphrase that deviates significantly from the original intent. Ensure you fully understand these elements before attempting to rephrase them.

Introducing Unintended Meaning

In your effort to paraphrase, be cautious not to insert meanings that are not present in the original text. 

This can happen through the choice of words that carry different connotations or implications. Always cross-reference your paraphrase with the original to confirm that it reflects the intended themes and messages without adding extraneous elements.

Why Paraphrasing Poetry Matters

Mastery of poetry paraphrasing is crucial for students and educators as it fosters deeper literary comprehension and enhances analytical skills. By paraphrasing poetry, learners develop their ability to interpret complex texts and express subtle insights clearly and creatively. 

Encouraging ongoing exploration and practice in paraphrasing builds proficiency in language arts and enriches students’ appreciation of diverse poetic forms and themes. These skills are invaluable, offering a solid foundation for academic success and personal growth through a deeper connection with the art of poetry. 

This practice not only hones communication skills but also encourages a lifelong engagement with literature, allowing for continuous discovery and enjoyment.

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How to Paraphrase a Poem

When you paraphrase a poem, use your own words to explain the major ideas line-by-line. Paraphrasing isn't the same as explicating or analyzing a poem. The goal is to rephrase the ideas in your own words without evaluating or addressing the author's hidden messages or underlying themes. A paraphrased poem is a literal translation in regular prose without rhyme or meter.

Create a Literal Translation

Read the entire poem once or twice to get a broad understanding of the storyline, characters and setting. Then, break the poem down word-by-word, phrase-by-phrase or line-by-line to paraphrase. Read a line or a stanza, look away from the poem and think about what the author is literally saying. Translate the words by restating them in a new way , using common, everyday language, suggests Kip Wheeler, English professor at Carson-Newman University in Tennessee. Use language that that you might use when talking to a teacher or an adult. Avoid slang and clichés and focus on the literal meaning of the words.

Avoid Replacing Words with Synonyms

Don't just replace all the important words with synonyms , according to Williams College in Massachusetts. You might use synonyms occasionally to identify important terms, but exchanging the author's original words for synonyms isn't paraphrasing. Consider ways to rearrange the words and substitute your own words to get across the same meaning.

For example, Edgar Allan Poe writes,

"Ah, distinctly I remember it was in the bleak December, And each separate dying ember wrought its ghost upon the floor," in his poem "The Raven.".

An effective paraphrase might state, "It's a cold December night, and the trees outside my window are barren. The moon casts shadows of the bare tree branches onto my bedroom floor, and the shadows resemble ghosts."

The poem is about a man who expresses his sadness about the death of his lover as a raven pecks ominously at his window. Poe wants readers to associate death with the haunting coldness of winter.

Expand the Text with Details

Expand the lines and stanzas in the poem by using full sentences to explain the poet's ideas , recommends Seamus Cooney, English professor at Western Michigan University University.

Poets often condense their ideas to make them fit within the meter and rhythm of the poem. When you paraphrase, fill in pieces that the author hints at but doesn't fully explain in detail. For example, in Emily Dickinson's poem "Because I Could Not Stop for Death" she says,

"Because I could not stop for Death, He kindly stopped for me."

A paraphrased version might say, "I realize that death is a natural part of life, and I can't delay or stop its inevitability. Fortunately, death is a polite, respectable force that doesn't treat me unfairly."

Dickinson wants readers to feel comfortable with death, without fearing it, and realize that it's a normal part of human existence.

Use the Same Point of View

Maintain the same point of view as the poet. Your paraphrase should parallel the poet's voice, tone and overall mood . For example, when paraphrasing, "Two roads diverged in a yellow wood, And sorry I could not travel both..." by Robert Frost in "The Road Not Taken", you might say,

"I had a hard time choosing between two paths in the colorful autumn forest. I wish I could have taken both routes to see where they'd take me."

Frost wants readers to understand that life presents choices, and at any given time, you'll have to choose which path to take.

In this example, you should maintain the first-person point of view throughout your entire paraphrase.

• Carson-Newman University: Paraphrasing and Summarizing -- The Good, The Bad, The Incoherent; Kip Wheeler
• Western Michigan University: What Is a Paraphrase and How Do You Write One?; Seamus Cooney
• Purdue Online Writing Lab: Paraphrasing
• Williams College: Tips on Paraphrasing
• Poetry Foundation; The Road Less Taken; Robert Frost

As curriculum developer and educator, Kristine Tucker has enjoyed the plethora of English assignments she's read (and graded!) over the years. Her experiences as vice-president of an energy consulting firm have given her the opportunity to explore business writing and HR. Tucker has a BA and holds Ohio teaching credentials.

Poetry & Poets

Explore the beauty of poetry – discover the poet within

How To Paraphrase Poetry

Understand the Poem

When paraphrasing a poem, the first step to take is to become familiar with the poem and its structure. Understanding its content is essential, as it allows you to rephrase the poem in your own words. Focus on key elements of the poem and make a list of these. This can be words, phrases, concepts and images.

Read and reread the poem. Take notes on how the poem is structured. Is the poem written in a particular kind of meter? Is its language structured in a specific way? Be aware of its nuances; look for puns and wordplay, metaphors and figurative language, symbolism and irony.

Think about the poem’s theme and its tone. What message is the poet trying to convey? What emotions is the poem trying to evoke? To properly paraphrase a poem, it’s crucial to know these things on an intimate level.

Brainstorm Ideas

Once you have a good understanding of the poem, the next step of paraphrasing is to come up with ideas. Often the best way to do this is to brainstorm. By taking some time to brainstorm, you can begin to think of different ways to express what the poem is saying.

On a piece of paper, jot down some of the key words and concepts from the poem. Deconstruct the poem’s structure and put it back together in your own words. Resist the urge to copy the meaning directly; think about what could be written that conveys the same general meaning.

Brainstorm possible word choices that could effectively rephrase the poem in other ways. Then, group these words and ideas together. As your brainstorming session progresses, you should get closer to coming up with a rephrased version of the poem.

Write Your Paraphrase

Now that you have some ideas down on paper, it’s time to get to work on actually writing your paraphrase. Like any piece of writing, break it up into manageable chunks. Take the poem, one line at a time, and begin to draft the paraphrased version.

Keep the poem’s structure and meaning in mind as you go. As you write, try to explain the content more in-depth. The poem isn’t likely to be long in length, so you’ll want to provide as much detail as possible. Additionally, stay as close to the author’s original meaning as possible.

As your draft nears completion, work to ensure it reads smoothly and is easy to understand. You may want to undertake a few drafts before you find what works for you. By doing so, the rephrased poem will read similarly to the original, and still accurately capture the essence of what it was conveying.

Check & Edit Your Paraphrase

Once you’re satisfied with your draft, it’s time to check and edit. Being a poet’s work, the poem is probably quite concise. This can make it very difficult to re-phrase without using some of the same words. Thus, a plagiarism check is the best way to ensure that your work is unique and different.

Also, it’s a good idea to have someone else read over your paraphrase. Doing so will help to ensure it mirrors the original meaning while still being completely original and different. Furthermore, if a new reader isn’t familiar with the original poem, having them read over the paraphrase can gauge how well it stands on its own.

Compare and Contrast the Paraphrase to the Original

It’s also helpful to compare the poem and its paraphrase side by side. This enables you to identify key phrases and strive to keep the original emotion and message. You can also take this opportunity to make any necessary edits or changes that may still need to be done.

Seeing the two versions of the poem written out together can help ensure that the paraphrase remains true to the original. Take note of the similarities and differences. If something seems off, make the appropriate changes so that the essence of the poem is not lost.

Understand How Paraphrasing Differs from Quoting

When paraphrasing, it is important to recognize the difference between paraphrasing and quoting. Quoting is simply recalling the original words, while paraphrasing is the act of restating the essential ideas using your own words. While quoting can be helpful in certain instances, it is not the same as paraphrasing.

Quoting does not add to the conversation and does not show understanding of the poem. Quoting phrases from the poem within your own words can come off as trying to pass off the poet’s original words as your own. Thus, it is best to avoid quoting in a paraphrased poem.

Understand the Legalities of Paraphrasing

It is also essential to understand the legal implications of paraphrasing a poem. Paraphrasing can present legal issues if it’s too close to the original. In some cases, proper citation may be needed due to cases of plagiarism.

To maintain legality, make sure the new version of the poem is clearly credited to the poet and has clear distinctions from the original. Additionally, try to make sure you’re not infringing on the poet’s copyright. With plagiarism out of the way, you can rest assured knowing the paraphrase is both legal and respectful.

Know When to Stop

Once you’ve gone through all of these steps, you’re almost done. The last step is knowing when to stop. If you overthink your paraphrase and try to change too much, the meaning can begin to drift away from the original. If this happens, it will no longer accurately represent the original poem.

If you find yourself doing too much, it’s best to take a step back and assess the changes. It might be best to return to previous drafts and make slight changes. Remember, you’re trying to capture the essence of the poem without changing its core message.

Set Apart Your Paraphrase from Original

Of course, your final paraphrase needs to be distinct from the original. Through creativity, you want to try to express the same meaning differently. This can be done through word choice or through revising the structure of the poem. Both elements should be changed so that it’s clear that the poem is being paraphrased.

Above all, the poem should evoke the same feelings in the reader as the original. By understanding the poem and making sure it reads differently, you can succeed in effectively paraphrasing a poem.

Minnie Walters

Minnie Walters is a passionate writer and lover of poetry. She has a deep knowledge and appreciation for the work of famous poets such as William Wordsworth, Emily Dickinson, Robert Frost, and many more. She hopes you will also fall in love with poetry!

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Poetry often wraps profound meanings in a blanket of metaphors, rhythm, and complex imagery. Wait, what? Exactly. For many students, the complicated structure of poetry stops them from really appreciating it. However, there is one thing that might help, and it is paraphrasing. Paraphrasing, which basically means rewording and interpreting in a new way, helps us understand and appreciate poetry better .

Why is Poetry Sometimes Hard to Get?

If you ever wondered why is it difficult to read poetry, then we have the answer for you and it is quite simple – its use of language. Unlike prose, poetry often uses old-fashioned terms, abstract metaphors, and rich symbolism . Every word in a poem is carefully chosen and can carry multiple meanings. Moreover, poets frequently ‘bend’ the rules of grammar for artistic effect, which makes the message even harder to get. Well, it is also the cultural and historical contexts in which poems were written, because they can create a barrier for modern readers. Not many people now will understand the everyday challenges of the person from a couple hundred years ago, so it’s understandable why certain poetry is hard to relate to and therefore feel.

How Paraphrasing Poems Helps Readers Understand Better

Paraphrasing turns the complex and thought to grasp language of poetry into a simpler, more digestible form for readers. This process involves carefully rewriting the content of a poem in a way that keeps its original intent and essence, but choosing a more clear form for it. This way, paraphrasing simplifies the poem’s structure, and makes its central themes and emotions more accessible. This approach is like translating poetic language into everyday speech, so that the gap between the poet’s intricate expressions and the reader’s understanding is if not zero, but minimal at least.

Consider using the rewording tool by AHelp when struggling with paraphrasing: it will help you better grasp the idea while streamlining the process.

Preserving the Essence Through Archaic Terms

One significant aspect of poem paraphrase is its ability to maintain archaic terms that are almost central to the poem’s meaning. While the language of poetry can sometimes be ancient or even obscure (we see you, Shakespeare), these words often carry specific connotations and historical context. Thus, they are important to the poem’s integrity. Paraphrasing helps in keeping these terms while explaining their meaning in a modern context, so that the original essence and richness of the poem are not lost in translation, but the readers get it.

Personal Interpretations and Creative Thinking

Poetry uses similes and metaphors, which can be open to multiple interpretations. Paraphrasing encourages readers to create their own meanings for these figures of speech . After reformulating these poetic devices in their own words, readers engage more deeply with the text, which in turn create a more personal connection with the poem. This active engagement not only helps with basic understanding but also makes the experience of reading poetry more intimate and rewarding. After all, you’ve spent all that time trying to get it, might as well enjoy it.

Apart from that, paraphrasing inspires readers to come up with their own allusions and paradoxes when reading poems. This creative process not only helps you to get to know the poem and the author’s feelings and emotions, but also encourages a more active form of reading. As readers rephrase the text, they might see new insights and interpretations of the words.

Simplifying Figurative Language

Figurative language is a cornerstone of poetry and is often used to deliver complex emotions and ideas. Paraphrasing plays a key role in helping readers understand the various forms of figurative language, such as hyperbole, irony, and personification , so you might use a paraphrase helper . Readers can grasp the hidden meanings and themes that the poet intended to tell by breaking down these elements into simpler, more direct language.

Another poem too complicated to even read? Rewrite it with our Free Paraphraser

Comparing an original poem and its paraphrased version.

Paraphrasing poetry is a great exercise aimed at training your brain to pick up certain clues to uncover the meaning behind the words. It makes the whole process far more enjoyable, so let’s dive into the examples.

Original Poem: “Hope is the thing with feathers” by Emily Dickinson “Hope” is the thing with feathers That perches in the soul And sings the tune without the words And never stops – at all –

Paraphrased Version: Hope is like a bird with feathers that sits in our soul. It hums a wordless melody and never ceases to sing, no matter what.

In this paraphrase, Dickinson’s metaphor of hope as a bird is maintained, but the language is simplified for clarity. The essence of hope being an ever-present, uplifting presence in the soul is preserved, while the abstract notion is made more tangible.

Original Poem: “The Road Not Taken” by Robert Frost Two roads diverged in a yellow wood, And sorry I could not travel both And be one traveler, long I stood And looked down one as far as I could To where it bent in the undergrowth;

Paraphrased Version: In a forest with yellow leaves, I came upon two separate paths. Regretfully, I couldn’t take both routes. As a lone traveler, I stood for a long time and gazed down one path as far as possible until it disappeared in the shrubbery.

This paraphrase simplifies Frost’s language, making the dilemma of choosing a path in life more explicit. The essence of indecision and the metaphor for life’s choices are maintained, but the imagery and choice of words are made more accessible to contemporary readers.

What is paraphrasing in poetry?

Paraphrasing in poetry is the act of rewording a poem’s content into simpler, more accessible language while retaining its original meaning and essence. It involves interpreting the complex metaphors, imagery, and structural elements of a poem and translating them into an understandable form. This process allows the reader to comprehend the underlying themes, emotions, and messages conveyed by the poet, often using contemporary language or context to make the poem more relatable.

Why is paraphrasing important in understanding poetry?

Paraphrasing is important in understanding poetry because it helps to demystify complex language and abstract ideas. Poetry often uses dense metaphors, symbolic language, and unique structural elements that can be challenging for readers. Paraphrasing breaks down these complexities, making the poem’s themes, emotions, and intentions clearer. It serves as a bridge between the poet’s intricate expressions and the reader’s comprehension, enhancing the overall appreciation and understanding of the poetic work.

How does paraphrasing enhance poetry analysis?

Paraphrasing enhances poetry analysis by allowing a deeper examination of the poem’s themes, structure, and language. It encourages critical thinking, as readers must interpret the poet’s intent and convey it in simpler terms. This process reveals the layers of meaning in a poem and aids in understanding the nuances of poetic devices used. Paraphrasing also facilitates discussions and academic analysis, as it makes the poem more accessible to a broader audience, including those who may not be familiar with complex poetic forms.

Can you provide examples of paraphrased poetry?

Yes, an example of paraphrased poetry is Robert Frost’s “The Road Not Taken.” The original lines, “Two roads diverged in a yellow wood, / And sorry I could not travel both,” can be paraphrased as, “In a forest with yellow leaves, I came across two separate paths and regretted that I couldn’t take both.” This paraphrasing simplifies the language and imagery while maintaining the poem’s theme of choice and indecision. Another example is Emily Dickinson’s “Hope is the thing with feathers,” paraphrased as, “Hope is like a bird with feathers that sits in our soul and hums a melody continuously without words.”

Are there any tools or techniques for effective paraphrasing in poetry?

Effective paraphrasing in poetry can be aided by several tools and techniques. One important technique is close reading, which involves thoroughly analyzing the poem’s language, structure, and imagery. Another technique is to identify and understand the poem’s main themes and emotions before attempting to rephrase. Tools like thesauruses can help find simpler words or phrases. Additionally, online paraphrasing tools or software can provide initial rewordings, but they should be used cautiously, as they may not always capture the nuanced meanings intended in poetry. Ultimately, practice and a deep engagement with the text are key to mastering paraphrasing in poetry.

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I. What is a Paraphrase?

A paraphrase (pronounced par – uh -freyz) is a restatement or rewording of a paragraph  or text,  in order to borrow, clarify, or expand on information without plagiarizing. Paraphrasing is an important tool to use when writing research papers, essays , and pieces of journalism.

II. Examples of Paraphrasing

For examples of paraphrasing, consider these possible re-wordings of the same statement:

She angered me with her inappropriate comments, rumor-spreading, and disrespectfulness at the formal dinner table.

She made me angry when she was rude at dinner.

This paraphrase is an example of a rewording which shortens and simplifies while maintaining the same meaning.

Her impoliteness, gossiping, and general lack of respect at dinner infuriated me.

This rephrasing maintains the same meaning but is rearranged in a creative way.

I was mad when she started spreading rumors, making inappropriate comments, and disrespecting other guests at our dinner.

Another paraphrase, this rewording properly and interestingly rearranges the information provided in the original sentence.

III. Types of Paraphrasing

A. change of parts of speech.

Parts of speech ranging from verbs and nouns to adjectives and adverbs are replaced with new parts of speech in this type of paraphrasing. Here is an example:

Original Sentence:

The boy quickly ran across the finish line, seizing yet another victory.

Paraphrase:

The quick boy seized yet another victory when he ran across the finish line.

In this example, many parts of speech are changed: the adverb quickly becomes the adjective quick, and the verb phrase with the gerund seizing becomes the verb seized.

B.  Change of Structure

This type of paraphrasing involves changing the sentence’s structure, sometimes creating a passive voice from an active voice and vice versa. The change in structure can be used to reflect the writer’s interpretation of the original quote. Here is an example of change of structure paraphrasing:

Puppies were adopted by numerous kind souls at the puppy drive.

Many kind souls adopted puppies during the puppy drive.

In this example, the object of the sentence (kind souls) becomes the subject with an active voice (adopted) rather than a passive voice (were adopted).

C. Reduction of Clauses

Reduction of clauses paraphrases reduce the number of clauses in a sentence, which can be interruptive or confusing, by incorporating the phrases into the sentence. Here is an example of reduction of clauses paraphrasing:

While I understand where you’re coming from, and truly respect your opinion, I wish you would express yourself more clearly, like Clara does.

I understand where you’re coming from and respect your opinion, but I wish you would be more like Clara and express yourself more clearly.

D. Synonym Replacement

Synonym replacement paraphrasing is one of the simplest forms of paraphrasing: replacing words with similar words, or synonyms. Here is an example:

The older citizens were honored with a parade for those once in the military.

Senior citizens were honored with a march for veterans.

In this example, many synonyms are used: older citizens are senior citizens, a parade becomes a march, and those once in the military refers to veterans.

IV. The Importance of Using Paraphrase

Paraphrasing is a way of referencing a source without directly quoting it or of further explaining a selected quote. Correct paraphrasing is important in that poor paraphrasing can result in accusations of plagiarism, or copying from a source without correctly citing it. Paraphrasing allows writers to examine the meaning of others’ work, creatively rephrase their statements, and craft information to suit an essay or composition’s goal or focus.

V. Paraphrase in Literature

Paraphrasing can be found in a variety of journalistic sources from newspapers to film documentaries to literary journals. Here are a few examples of paraphrasing in literature:

Someone once wrote that musicians are touched on the shoulder by God, and I think it’s true. You can make other people happy with music, but you can make yourself happy too.

In John Berendt’s nonfiction novel Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil , a character references what someone has once written by paraphrasing their message.

I’m going to paraphrase Thoreau here… rather than love, than money, than faith, than fame, than fairness… give me truth.

In this example from the nonfiction novel Into the Wild , Jon Krakauer paraphrases Thoreau’s larger message of transcendence.

So far, Laurance’s critiques of new road-building schemes have been well received, but he expects that to change.

In Michelle Nijhuis’ article “What Roads Have Wrought,” William Laurance is paraphrased rather than quoted to express his general viewpoint.

VI. Paraphrase in Pop Culture

Paraphrasing is often found in pop culture when attempting to translate the language of older plays, poems, and stories, such as Shakespeare’s works. Here are a few examples of paraphrasing in pop culture:

10 Things I Hate About You (1999):

Just a minor encounter with the shrew… the mewling, rampalian wretch herself.

In the modern-day adaptation of Shakespeare’s The Taming of the Shrew , many characters ’ lines paraphrase Shakespeare’s originals. Here is Shakespeare’s version:

A meacock wretch can make the curstest shrew.

A Different World: Romeo, Oh Romeo

First, the student reads Shakespeare’s original words:

Oh gentle Romeo. If thou dost love, pronounce it faithfully. Or if thou thinkest I’m too quickly won, I’ll frown and be perverse and say thee nay, so thou wilt woo.

Then, she paraphrases to translate its meaning for modern ears:

It’s all about translation. Oh, sweet thang Romeo. If you think I’m all that, then step to me correctly. But if you think I’m a skeeze, I’ll be dissin’ and dismissin’, then you’ll be workin’ overtime getting’ me back.

VII. Related Terms

Like paraphrases, summaries are rewordings of original statements. Whereas paraphrases are precise and specific, summaries are brief and selective. Summaries report main points in a shortened version of the original, whereas paraphrases simply restate the original statement in a new way. Here is an example of summary versus paraphrase:

Original Statement:

At the party we had delicious red punch, a bunch of different appetizers, and a cookout. Since it was at the park, we played volleyball, went swimming, and sunbathed for fun.

At the party we enjoyed food and drink and various outdoor activities.

Here, the summary purposefully shortens the original statement while covering its major points.

At the party we drank some punch, ate a handful of appetizers, and had a cookout. The park allowed us to enjoy a number of enjoyable activities from volleyball to swimming to sunbathing.

As this example shows, the paraphrase rephrases the original statement and keeps more of its original content than the summary.

Translation

Although paraphrase sometimes translates difficult phrasing into more understandable phrasing, it is not literally considered translation. For something to be a translation, it must change writing in one language to another language. Here is an example of translation versus paraphrasing:

Original Phrase:

That’s life.

Translation into French:

C’est la vie.

That’s just how life goes sometimes.

Although we loosely may refer to paraphrase as translating ideas, technically it is not a tool of translation.

VIII. In Closing

Paraphrasing is an important tool for nonfiction writers, journalists, and essayists alike. It is a common proponent of news and reporting. Correct paraphrasing protects writers from plagiarism and allows them to creatively rephrase original works, incorporating them into their own compositions.

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How to Paraphrase a Poem?

Published on July 2nd, 2024

Paraphrasing a poem is an essential skill for anyone looking to deepen their understanding and appreciation of poetry. By rephrasing the poem's original text in your own words, you can unravel the layers of meaning, capture the essence of the poet's message, and enhance your analytical skills. Whether you are a student, a literary enthusiast, or a casual reader, learning how to paraphrase a poem can significantly enrich your engagement with poetic works.

Definition of Paraphrasing a Poem

Paraphrasing a poem involves taking the original text and rewriting it in your own words while maintaining the original meaning, tone, and style. This process requires a deep understanding of the poem's content, structure, and literary devices. Unlike summarizing, which condenses the main ideas into a brief overview, paraphrasing focuses on rephrasing each line or stanza in a way that preserves the detailed nuances and emotions conveyed by the poet.

For instance, if the original line reads, "The sun set slowly behind the hills," a paraphrase might be, "The sun gradually descended behind the hills." Here, the paraphrased version keeps the original idea intact but expresses it differently.

Importance of Paraphrasing in Poetry

Understanding and paraphrasing poems offer several significant benefits:

Enhanced Comprehension : By rephrasing the poem in your own words, you gain a clearer understanding of the poet's message and themes. This deeper comprehension allows you to appreciate the nuances of the poem that might be missed during a cursory reading.

Improved Analytical Skills : Paraphrasing requires you to dissect each line and stanza, which helps develop critical thinking and analytical skills. This practice is especially valuable for students and literary scholars who need to interpret complex texts.

Better Retention and Memory : Engaging with the poem through paraphrasing can improve retention and recall. By actively working with the text, you are more likely to remember key details and themes.

Increased Appreciation of Poetic Devices : Understanding how to paraphrase a poem involves recognizing and interpreting various poetic devices such as metaphors, similes, and alliterations. This process can lead to a greater appreciation of the poet's craft and creativity.

Enhanced Writing Skills : Regular practice in paraphrasing poems can improve your own writing skills. By studying and rephrasing high-quality poetry, you learn new ways to express ideas effectively and creatively.

According to a study by the National Endowment for the Arts, individuals who engage with poetry and other forms of literature show higher levels of empathy and cognitive flexibility. This suggests that the practice of paraphrasing poems not only benefits literary understanding but also contributes to personal growth and emotional intelligence.

Steps to Paraphrase a Poem

Paraphrasing a poem involves a detailed process that ensures you capture the essence of the original text while expressing it in your own words. Here is a comprehensive step-by-step guide to help you paraphrase a poem effectively.

Step-by-Step Guide

1. read the poem thoroughly.

The first step in paraphrasing a poem is to read it thoroughly multiple times. This helps you understand the overall message, tone, and mood of the poem. Pay attention to the emotions conveyed and the poet's choice of words. Here are some tips for reading and understanding the poem's meaning:

• Read Aloud : Reading the poem aloud can help you catch the rhythm, sound patterns, and the emotional impact of the words.
• Annotate : Highlight or underline key phrases, metaphors, and other literary devices that stand out.
• Research : Look up any unfamiliar terms or references to gain a better understanding of the context.

2. Break Down the Poem

Once you have a good grasp of the poem, the next step is to break it down into smaller sections. This will help you identify the main ideas and themes more easily. Here’s how to do it:

• Identify Stanzas and Lines : Divide the poem into stanzas and individual lines.
• Highlight Main Ideas : For each stanza or line, jot down the main ideas and emotions conveyed.
• Look for Patterns : Notice any repeating themes or motifs throughout the poem.

3. Paraphrase Line by Line

To ensure a detailed and accurate paraphrase, it’s important to paraphrase the poem line by line. This technique allows you to capture the intricacies of each line while maintaining the original meaning. Here’s how to paraphrase a poem line by line:

• Rephrase Each Line : Rewrite each line in your own words without changing the original meaning.
• Simplify Complex Language : Break down complex phrases into simpler terms.
• Maintain Key Elements : Ensure that essential elements such as tone, style, and imagery are preserved.

4. Paraphrase by Stanza

For a more holistic approach, you can also paraphrase the poem by summarizing each stanza. This method helps in understanding the broader themes and flow of the poem. Here are some methods for paraphrasing by stanza:

• Summarize Each Stanza : Write a brief summary of each stanza, capturing the main ideas and emotions.
• Combine Similar Lines : If certain lines convey similar ideas, combine them in your paraphrase to avoid redundancy.
• Preserve the Flow : Ensure that the paraphrased stanzas maintain the poem's overall flow and structure.

5. Use Synonyms and Rephrase

Using synonyms effectively is crucial in paraphrasing a poem. It allows you to maintain the original meaning while expressing it differently. Here’s how to use synonyms and rephrase effectively:

• Identify Key Words : Pick out important words and phrases that carry the poem’s meaning.
• Find Suitable Synonyms : Use a thesaurus to find synonyms that fit the context and tone of the poem.
• Rephrase Carefully : Ensure that the new words still convey the original message accurately.

6. Maintain the Original Meaning

One of the most important aspects of paraphrasing is to ensure that the original meaning of the poem is maintained. Here’s how to do it:

• Stay True to the Theme : Make sure that your paraphrase reflects the poem’s main theme and message.
• Avoid Adding Personal Interpretation : Focus on rephrasing the original text without adding your own interpretation or bias.
• Check for Consistency : Review your paraphrase to ensure that it is consistent with the original poem in terms of meaning and tone.

7. Review and Revise

The final step is to review and revise your paraphrase to ensure accuracy and clarity. Here’s why this step is important:

• Catch Mistakes : Reviewing helps you catch any mistakes or inaccuracies in your paraphrase.
• Improve Clarity : Revising allows you to refine your wording for better clarity and coherence.
• Ensure Completeness : Make sure that your paraphrase covers all the key elements of the original poem.

Paraphrasing a poem is a detailed process that requires careful reading, understanding, and rephrasing of the original text. By following these steps and using the provided tips, you can create a paraphrase that captures the essence of the poem while expressing it in your own unique words.

Tips for Paraphrasing a Poem

Paraphrasing a poem requires not only a thorough understanding of the content but also an appreciation of its structure, devices, and style. Here are some essential tips to help you paraphrase a poem effectively while accommodating keywords seamlessly.

Understanding the Poem’s Structure

A key aspect of paraphrasing a poem is understanding its form and structure. Poems often follow specific patterns, such as sonnets, haikus, or free verse, each with its own set of rules and characteristics. Analyzing these elements helps you retain the poem’s integrity in your paraphrase. Here’s how to go about it:

• Identify the Form : Determine if the poem is a sonnet, haiku, limerick, or another form. Each type has unique structural elements that influence its meaning and flow.
• Examine the Rhyme Scheme : Pay attention to the rhyme scheme, if any. Recognizing patterns such as ABAB or AABB can help you understand how the poet constructs meaning through sound.
• Analyze Line and Stanza Length : Note the length of lines and stanzas. This can provide insight into the poem’s pacing and emphasis on certain ideas.
• Consider the Poetic Meter : Identify the meter, such as iambic pentameter, which can reveal the rhythm and mood of the poem.

Example : In a Shakespearean sonnet, understanding the 14-line structure and ABABCDCDEFEFGG rhyme scheme is crucial for accurate paraphrasing.

Identifying Poetic Devices

Recognizing and interpreting poetic devices is essential for effective paraphrasing. Poets use devices like metaphors, similes, and alliterations to add depth and meaning to their work. Here’s how to identify and handle these devices:

• Metaphors and Similes : Look for comparisons that enhance the imagery and meaning. For instance, in the line “The world is a stage,” the metaphor suggests that life is like a theatrical performance.
• Alliteration and Assonance : Notice the repetition of consonant sounds (alliteration) or vowel sounds (assonance) which contribute to the poem’s musical quality. For example, “She sells sea shells” uses alliteration to create rhythm.
• Symbolism and Imagery : Identify symbols and vivid imagery that convey deeper meanings. For example, a “rose” might symbolize love or beauty.
• Personification : Recognize instances where inanimate objects are given human traits, like “The wind whispered through the trees.”

By identifying these devices, you can ensure that your paraphrase captures the richness and layered meanings of the original poem.

Keeping the Tone and Style

Maintaining the poem’s original tone and style is critical to creating a faithful paraphrase. The tone reflects the poet’s attitude towards the subject, while the style encompasses the unique way the poet expresses ideas. Here’s how to preserve these elements:

• Match the Tone : Identify whether the tone is joyful, melancholic, ironic, or reflective, and try to reflect this in your paraphrase. For instance, a poem with a somber tone should not be paraphrased in a light-hearted manner.
• Reflect the Style : Consider the poet’s style, which includes diction, syntax, and figurative language. Preserve the complexity or simplicity of the original language.
• Retain Key Phrases : Some phrases might be so central to the poem’s meaning that they should be retained as they are. For example, in Robert Frost’s “The Road Not Taken,” the phrase “the road less traveled” is iconic and might be kept intact in a paraphrase.

Example : If paraphrasing Emily Dickinson’s “Because I could not stop for Death,” maintain the contemplative and serene tone that characterizes her style.

Examples of Paraphrasing a Poem

To master the art of paraphrasing a poem, it's helpful to see detailed examples and understand common mistakes. This section provides a sample poem with both line-by-line and stanza-by-stanza paraphrases, as well as tips on avoiding frequent errors.

Detailed Example

Original Poem: "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" by Robert Frost

Whose woods these are I think I know. His house is in the village, though; He will not see me stopping here To watch his woods fill up with snow.

Line-by-Line Paraphrase

• Paraphrase : I believe I know who owns these woods.
• Paraphrase : However, his home is located in the village.
• Paraphrase : He won't notice me pausing here.
• Paraphrase : To observe the snow piling up in his woods.

Stanza-by-Stanza Paraphrase

• Paraphrase : I think I recognize the owner of these woods, although he lives in the village. He won't see me as I pause to watch the snow accumulate in his woods.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

When paraphrasing a poem, there are several common mistakes that you should avoid to ensure your paraphrase is accurate and meaningful.

• Changing the Meaning

One of the most critical mistakes is altering the poem's original meaning. For example, if the original line conveys a sense of loneliness, your paraphrase should not suggest companionship. Ensure that your interpretation remains true to the poet’s intent.

• Over-Simplification

While simplifying complex language is part of paraphrasing, over-simplification can strip the poem of its depth and nuance. For instance, reducing a metaphor-rich line to basic language can lose the original imagery and emotional impact.

• Losing the Tone and Style

Maintaining the poem’s tone and style is essential. A paraphrase that fails to capture the poet’s unique voice can feel disconnected from the original. For example, a whimsical poem should not be paraphrased in a serious or formal tone.

• Ignoring Poetic Devices

Neglecting to acknowledge and preserve poetic devices such as metaphors, similes, and personification can lead to a flat and uninspired paraphrase. For example, turning a metaphor like “the curtain of night” into “nighttime” loses the poetic flair.

• Literal Translation

Paraphrasing is not about translating word-for-word. A literal approach can result in awkward and unclear paraphrases. Instead, focus on conveying the underlying meaning in a natural and coherent manner.

Examples of Mistakes and Corrections

Original Line : The moon climbed the sky with a silent grace.

• Mistake : The moon moved up the sky.
• Correction : The moon ascended the sky quietly and gracefully.

Original Line : Her laughter was a melody that filled the room.

• Mistake : She laughed loudly.
• Correction : Her laughter was like a song that filled the space.

By following the examples and avoiding common pitfalls, you can master the skill of paraphrasing poems. This not only enhances your understanding of poetry but also enriches your literary analysis and appreciation.

Paraphrasing a Poem in Different Formats

Paraphrasing a poem can vary depending on the format required, such as MLA format, which is commonly used in academic writing. Understanding how to paraphrase a poem in MLA format is essential for students and researchers who need to adhere to specific citation guidelines.

Paraphrasing in MLA Format

When paraphrasing a poem in MLA format, it's important to follow the guidelines to ensure proper citation and presentation. Here’s a step-by-step guide:

Introduce the Poet and Poem

• Begin by introducing the poet and the title of the poem. Use quotation marks for the poem’s title.
• Example : In Robert Frost’s “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening,” the poet explores themes of solitude and nature.

Provide Context

• Provide some context or background information about the poem to help readers understand its significance.
• Example : Written in 1922, this poem captures a serene winter scene while reflecting on deeper philosophical questions.

Paraphrase the Content

• Paraphrase the poem’s lines or stanzas, maintaining the original meaning and tone. Ensure your paraphrase is clearly distinct from the original text.
• Example : Frost contemplates the beauty and quiet of the snowy woods, noting that the owner of the woods lives in the village and won’t see him pausing to appreciate the scene.

Include In-Text Citations

• Use in-text citations to credit the original source. In MLA format, this typically includes the poet’s last name and the line numbers.
• Example : (Frost, lines 1-4).

Create a Works Cited Entry

• At the end of your document, include a full citation in the Works Cited section.
• Example : Frost, Robert. “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening.” The Poetry of Robert Frost, edited by Edward Connery Lathem, Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1969, pp. 224-225.

Productivity Suite for Literary Analysis and Paraphrasing

Paraphrasing a poem can be challenging, but there are several tools and resources available to assist you.Enhance your literary analysis and paraphrasing skills with our suite of productivity tools. Ideal for students, poets, and literary enthusiasts, these tools help you refine your content and ensure accuracy in your paraphrasing:

AI Detector

Ensure the originality and authenticity of your paraphrases with our AI Detector . This tool helps verify that your rephrased poems are free from plagiarism, maintaining the integrity and originality of your interpretations.

Email Lookup

Facilitate communication with professors, peers, or literary collaborators using our Email Lookup tool. Easily find and verify email addresses to reach out for feedback, collaboration, or academic discussions.

AI Email Generator

Craft professional and personalized emails for academic correspondence, feedback requests, or literary discussions with our AI Email Generator . This tool helps you create engaging and effective emails quickly and efficiently.

AI Answer Generator

Generate insightful and relevant answers to questions about poem paraphrasing and literary analysis with our AI Answer Generator . This tool assists in providing thoughtful responses to academic and literary inquiries, ensuring clear and comprehensive communication.

Paraphrasing Tool

Refine your paraphrasing skills with our Paraphrasing Tool . Enhance your ability to rephrase poetic content while preserving its original meaning, making your interpretations more clear, concise, and impactful.

By incorporating these tools into your literary analysis and paraphrasing processes, you can ensure your work is original, well-communicated, and effectively paraphrased, improving your overall academic and creative output.

Additional Reading and Resources

• How to Read a Poem: And Fall in Love with Poetry by Edward Hirsch: This book offers insights into understanding and appreciating poetry, which can enhance your paraphrasing skills.
• The Poet’s Companion: A Guide to the Pleasures of Writing Poetry by Kim Addonizio and Dorianne Laux: This guide provides practical advice on writing and interpreting poetry.
• Poetry Foundation : Offers a vast collection of poems and educational resources to deepen your understanding of poetry.
• Academy of American Poets : Provides access to a rich archive of poems and poet biographies, along with educational materials.

Summary of Key Points

Paraphrasing a poem involves several steps, including reading the poem thoroughly, breaking it down, paraphrasing line by line or by stanza, using synonyms effectively, maintaining the original meaning, and reviewing and revising your work. Understanding how to paraphrase a poem in different formats, such as MLA, is crucial for academic writing.

Encouragement to Practice

Practicing paraphrasing poems regularly can significantly enhance your understanding and appreciation of poetry. It helps develop critical thinking, improves comprehension, and deepens your engagement with literary works. Don’t be afraid to experiment and refine your skills over time.

FAQs: How to paraphrase a poem?

Question 1: how to paraphrase a poem.

Answer 1: Paraphrasing a poem involves rephrasing the original text in your own words while maintaining its original meaning, tone, and style. This requires a thorough understanding of the poem's content, structure, and literary devices. Start by reading the poem thoroughly, breaking it down into smaller sections, and then rephrasing each line or stanza to capture the essence of the poet's message.

Question 2:  How to write a paraphrase of a poem?

Answer 2: To write a paraphrase of a poem, begin by reading the poem several times to fully grasp its meaning. Identify the main ideas and themes, and then rewrite the poem's lines or stanzas in your own words, preserving the original tone and style. Ensure that your paraphrase conveys the same message as the original poem.

Question 3:  How to write paraphrase of a poem?

Answer 3: Writing a paraphrase of a poem involves understanding the poem's overall message, tone, and literary devices. Break down the poem into manageable parts, and rewrite each section in your own words. Maintain the original meaning and avoid adding personal interpretations or changing the tone of the poem.

Question 4:  How to paraphrase a poem by stanza?

Answer 4: To paraphrase a poem by stanza, start by reading the entire poem to understand its overall meaning. Then, focus on each stanza individually. Summarize the main ideas and emotions conveyed in each stanza, and rewrite them in your own words. Ensure that the paraphrase of each stanza reflects the original tone and style of the poem.

Question 5:  How to paraphrase a poem example?

Answer 5: An example of how to paraphrase a poem can help illustrate the process. For instance, in Robert Frost's "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening," the line "Whose woods these are I think I know" can be paraphrased as "I believe I know who owns these woods." This example shows how to rephrase the original text while preserving its meaning.

Question 6:  How to paraphrase a poem line by line?

Answer 6: Paraphrasing a poem line by line involves rephrasing each individual line of the poem in your own words. Start by understanding the meaning of each line, then rewrite it while maintaining the original message and tone. This method ensures that you capture the nuances and details of the poem accurately.

Question 7:  How to paraphrase a poem stanza?

Answer 7: To paraphrase a poem stanza, first read the entire stanza to understand its meaning. Then, rewrite the stanza in your own words, ensuring that you maintain the original tone, style, and message. This approach helps in preserving the integrity of the poem while making it easier to understand.

Question 8:  How to paraphrase a poem MLA?

Answer 8: When paraphrasing a poem in MLA format, start by introducing the poet and the title of the poem. Provide context for the poem and then rephrase the lines or stanzas while maintaining the original meaning. Include in-text citations with the poet’s last name and line numbers, and provide a full citation in the Works Cited section.

Thomas M. A.

A literature-lover by design and qualification, Thomas loves exploring different aspects of software and writing about the same.

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How to Paraphrase Poetry?

Do you need to paraphrase a poem for an assignment?

Are you struggling to come up with your own words to express the same meaning as the original poem? Don’t worry, we’re here to help.

In this blog post, we will discuss how to paraphrase poetry in a way that is both accurate and creative.

We will provide tips and tricks for understanding the poem’s meaning, and show you how to express it in your own words.

So if you’re ready, let’s get started!

Table of contents

Why do people paraphrase poetry, read through the entire poetry, understand the poem’s context, use a similar point of view, break the poem down into its parts, be creative with your paraphrasing, check your work against the original, final thoughts.

There are a few different reasons why people might paraphrase poetry.

Sometimes, they need to use the poem in their own writing for an assignment or project. In other cases, they may want to use the poem as part of a presentation or speech.

Or they may simply want to understand it better by expressing it in their own words.

Regardless of the reason, paraphrasing poetry can be a difficult task. It’s important to capture the essence of the poem while also staying true to your own voice. But with a little practice and some helpful tips, you can do it!

Tips: How to Paraphrase Poetry

Simply said, paraphrasing poetry means retelling the poem’s essential concepts in your own words. The act of paraphrasing is distinct from the act of analyzing or explicating poetry.

The primary goal of paraphrasing is to restate the important themes in your own words, rather than to evaluate the ideas of the original author. The following guidelines will assist you in learning how to paraphrase poetry.

Before you start paraphrasing, it’s important to read the poem all the way through at least once. This will help you get a sense of the poem’s overall meaning and how its ideas are connected. As you read, pay attention to any words, phrases, or images that stand out to you. These may be important clues for understanding the poem’s meaning.

In order to paraphrase poetry accurately, it’s important to understand the poem’s context. This includes understanding who the author is , what time period the poem was written in, and any relevant cultural or historical context. All of this information can help you better understand the poem’s meaning.

Some poems are more difficult to understand than others. If you’re having trouble deciphering a poem, try doing some additional research on the author and the historical context surrounding the poem. This can help you get a better understanding of what the poem is trying to say.

When paraphrasing poetry, it’s important to use a similar point of view as the author. This means trying to put yourself in the same mindset as the author and writing from that perspective.

If you’re having trouble doing this, try reading about the author’s life and work to get a better understanding of their point of view. You can also look for quotes from the author that explain their thoughts and feelings about the poem.

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Once you have a general understanding of the poem’s meaning, it’s time to start breaking it down into its individual parts. This can be done by identifying the poem’s main themes and ideas. Once you have a list of these, you can start paraphrasing them in your own words.

It can also be helpful to identify any symbols or metaphors that are used in the poem. These can be tricky to paraphrase, but with a little effort, you can usually find a way to express them in your own words.

When paraphrasing poetry, it’s important to stay true to the original poem’s meaning while also being creative with your words . This means taking some liberties with the language but making sure that the overall message is still conveyed accurately.

Here are a few tips for being creative with your paraphrasing:

• Try retelling the poem in a different form, such as a song, rap, or spoken word.
• Use analogies or comparisons to help explain the poem’s concepts.
• Add your own personal reflections or interpretations to the poem.
• If you’re having trouble expressing a certain concept, try looking up synonyms or antonyms for words in the poem.

Once you’ve finished paraphrasing the poem, it’s important to check your work against the original. This will help you ensure that your paraphrasing is accurate and that you haven’t changed the meaning of the poem.

It’s also a good idea to have someone else read your paraphrase to make sure that it makes sense. Poetry can be tricky to understand, so it’s possible that you may have missed some important aspects of the poem’s meaning.

Benefits Of Paraphrasing A Poetry

There are many benefits of paraphrasing poetry. When you paraphrase a poem, you are forced to read and understand the poem in depth. This can help improve your reading comprehension skills and allow you to better analyze and understand literary works.

Paraphrasing a poem also helps improve your writing skills. By expressing the poem’s ideas in your own words, you are forced to think critically about the poem’s meaning and how to best communicate that meaning. This can help you become a better writer overall.

Finally, paraphrasing poetry can help you develop a deeper understanding of language and literary devices. By studying the way that the author uses language to convey their ideas, you can learn to use these devices in your own writing. This can make your writing more interesting and sophisticated.

Paraphrasing poetry can be a challenging but rewarding task. It’s important to take your time and make sure that you understand the poem’s meaning before starting to paraphrase it.

With a little practice, you’ll be able to accurately express the poem’s ideas in your own words. Not only will this help improve your writing skills, but it will also give you a deeper understanding of poetry and literary devices. So what are you waiting for? Get started paraphrasing some poems today!

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• How to Paraphrase | Step-by-Step Guide & Examples

How to Paraphrase | Step-by-Step Guide & Examples

Published on April 8, 2022 by Courtney Gahan and Jack Caulfield. Revised on June 1, 2023.

Paraphrasing means putting someone else’s ideas into your own words. Paraphrasing a source involves changing the wording while preserving the original meaning.

Paraphrasing is an alternative to  quoting (copying someone’s exact words and putting them in quotation marks ). In academic writing, it’s usually better to integrate sources by paraphrasing instead of quoting. It shows that you have understood the source, reads more smoothly, and keeps your own voice front and center.

Every time you paraphrase, it’s important to cite the source . Also take care not to use wording that is too similar to the original. Otherwise, you could be at risk of committing plagiarism .

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Table of contents

How to paraphrase in five easy steps, how to paraphrase correctly, examples of paraphrasing, how to cite a paraphrase, paraphrasing vs. quoting, paraphrasing vs. summarizing, avoiding plagiarism when you paraphrase, other interesting articles, frequently asked questions about paraphrasing.

If you’re struggling to get to grips with the process of paraphrasing, check out our easy step-by-step guide in the video below.

Prevent plagiarism. Run a free check.

Putting an idea into your own words can be easier said than done. Let’s say you want to paraphrase the text below, about population decline in a particular species of sea snails.

Incorrect paraphrasing

You might make a first attempt to paraphrase it by swapping out a few words for  synonyms .

Like other sea creatures inhabiting the vicinity of highly populated coasts, horse conchs have lost substantial territory to advancement and contamination , including preferred breeding grounds along mud flats and seagrass beds. Their Gulf home is also heating up due to global warming , which scientists think further puts pressure on the creatures , predicated upon the harmful effects extra warmth has on other large mollusks (Barnett, 2022).

This attempt at paraphrasing doesn’t change the sentence structure or order of information, only some of the word choices. And the synonyms chosen are poor:

• “Advancement and contamination” doesn’t really convey the same meaning as “development and pollution.”
• Sometimes the changes make the tone less academic: “home” for “habitat” and “sea creatures” for “marine animals.”
• Adding phrases like “inhabiting the vicinity of” and “puts pressure on” makes the text needlessly long-winded.
• Global warming is related to climate change, but they don’t mean exactly the same thing.

Because of this, the text reads awkwardly, is longer than it needs to be, and remains too close to the original phrasing. This means you risk being accused of plagiarism .

Correct paraphrasing

Let’s look at a more effective way of paraphrasing the same text.

Here, we’ve:

• Only included the information that’s relevant to our argument (note that the paraphrase is shorter than the original)
• Introduced the information with the signal phrase “Scientists believe that …”
• Retained key terms like “development and pollution,” since changing them could alter the meaning
• Structured sentences in our own way instead of copying the structure of the original
• Started from a different point, presenting information in a different order

Because of this, we’re able to clearly convey the relevant information from the source without sticking too close to the original phrasing.

Explore the tabs below to see examples of paraphrasing in action.

• Journal article
• Newspaper article
• Magazine article

Once you have your perfectly paraphrased text, you need to ensure you credit the original author. You’ll always paraphrase sources in the same way, but you’ll have to use a different type of in-text citation depending on what citation style you follow.

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It’s a good idea to paraphrase instead of quoting in most cases because:

• Paraphrasing shows that you fully understand the meaning of a text
• Your own voice remains dominant throughout your paper
• Quotes reduce the readability of your text

But that doesn’t mean you should never quote. Quotes are appropriate when:

• Giving a precise definition
• Saying something about the author’s language or style (e.g., in a literary analysis paper)
• Providing evidence in support of an argument
• Critiquing or analyzing a specific claim

A paraphrase puts a specific passage into your own words. It’s typically a similar length to the original text, or slightly shorter.

When you boil a longer piece of writing down to the key points, so that the result is a lot shorter than the original, this is called summarizing .

Paraphrasing and quoting are important tools for presenting specific information from sources. But if the information you want to include is more general (e.g., the overarching argument of a whole article), summarizing is more appropriate.

When paraphrasing, you have to be careful to avoid accidental plagiarism .

This can happen if the paraphrase is too similar to the original quote, with phrases or whole sentences that are identical (and should therefore be in quotation marks). It can also happen if you fail to properly cite the source.

Paraphrasing tools are widely used by students, and can be especially useful for non-native speakers who may find academic writing particularly challenging. While these can be helpful for a bit of extra inspiration, use these tools sparingly, keeping academic integrity in mind.

To make sure you’ve properly paraphrased and cited all your sources, you could elect to run a plagiarism check before submitting your paper. And of course, always be sure to read your source material yourself and take the first stab at paraphrasing on your own.

If you want to know more about ChatGPT, AI tools , citation , and plagiarism , make sure to check out some of our other articles with explanations and examples.

• ChatGPT vs human editor
• ChatGPT citations
• Is ChatGPT trustworthy?
• Using ChatGPT for your studies
• What is ChatGPT?
• Chicago style
• Critical thinking

 Plagiarism

• Types of plagiarism
• Self-plagiarism
• Avoiding plagiarism
• Academic integrity
• Consequences of plagiarism
• Common knowledge

To paraphrase effectively, don’t just take the original sentence and swap out some of the words for synonyms. Instead, try:

• Reformulating the sentence (e.g., change active to passive , or start from a different point)
• Combining information from multiple sentences into one
• Leaving out information from the original that isn’t relevant to your point
• Using synonyms where they don’t distort the meaning

The main point is to ensure you don’t just copy the structure of the original text, but instead reformulate the idea in your own words.

Paraphrasing without crediting the original author is a form of plagiarism , because you’re presenting someone else’s ideas as if they were your own.

However, paraphrasing is not plagiarism if you correctly cite the source . This means including an in-text citation and a full reference, formatted according to your required citation style .

As well as citing, make sure that any paraphrased text is completely rewritten in your own words.

Plagiarism means using someone else’s words or ideas and passing them off as your own. Paraphrasing means putting someone else’s ideas in your own words.

So when does paraphrasing count as plagiarism?

• Paraphrasing is plagiarism if you don’t properly credit the original author.
• Paraphrasing is plagiarism if your text is too close to the original wording (even if you cite the source). If you directly copy a sentence or phrase, you should quote it instead.
• Paraphrasing  is not plagiarism if you put the author’s ideas completely in your own words and properly cite the source .

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To present information from other sources in academic writing , it’s best to paraphrase in most cases. This shows that you’ve understood the ideas you’re discussing and incorporates them into your text smoothly.

It’s appropriate to quote when:

• Changing the phrasing would distort the meaning of the original text
• You want to discuss the author’s language choices (e.g., in literary analysis )
• You’re presenting a precise definition
• You’re looking in depth at a specific claim

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If you want to cite this source, you can copy and paste the citation or click the “Cite this Scribbr article” button to automatically add the citation to our free Citation Generator.

Gahan, C. & Caulfield, J. (2023, June 01). How to Paraphrase | Step-by-Step Guide & Examples. Scribbr. Retrieved September 4, 2024, from https://www.scribbr.com/working-with-sources/how-to-paraphrase/

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• Updated February 23, 2024

What is paraphrasing? Or should I say what is the definition of paraphrasing? If you want to restate something using different words whilst retaining the same meaning, this is paraphrasing.

In this article, we cover what paraphrasing is, why it’s important, and when you should do it. Plus, some benefits and examples.

Table of Contents

Paraphrase Definition: What is Paraphrasing?

Paraphrasing is when you restate the information from a source using your own words while maintaining the original meaning. It involves expressing the ideas in a different way, often to clarify or simplify the content, without directly quoting the source.

When you paraphrase, you are not only borrowing, clarifying, or expanding on the information but also ensuring that you do all of these actions without plagiarizing the original content. It’s therefore definitely worth learning how to paraphrase if you want to improve your writing skills.

Why is Paraphrasing Important?

Paraphrasing is a valuable skill that allows you to convey information in your unique writing style while still giving credit to someone else’s ideas. It’s important for several reasons, and it serves various functions in both academic and professional writing.

Here are some key reasons why you should paraphrase:

• Paraphrasing allows you to present information from sources in your own words, reducing the risk of plagiarism. Proper in-text citation is still necessary, but paraphrasing demonstrates your understanding and interpretation of the material.
• When you paraphrase, you are required to comprehend the original content fully. You actively engage with the information, helping you better understand complex concepts and ideas. This process of restating the information in your own words showcases your understanding of the subject matter.
• By paraphrasing, you can clarify complex ideas or technical language and convey information in a clearer, shorter, and simpler form. This makes it more accessible to your audience and ensures they grasp the key points. This is particularly important when communicating with readers who may not be familiar with specialized terminology.
• Paraphrasing is valuable when synthesizing information from various sources. It enables you to blend ideas cohesively while maintaining a consistent writing style throughout your work.
• Paraphrasing allows you to inject your unique writing style and voice into the content. It helps you present information in a way that is more aligned with your personal expression and perspective.
• In certain situations where you need to meet specific length requirements for assignments or publications, paraphrasing allows you to convey information more concisely while still preserving the essential meaning.
• Paraphrasing helps maintain a smooth flow and cohesiveness in your writing. It allows you to integrate information seamlessly, avoiding abrupt shifts between your own ideas and those from external sources.
• Depending on your audience, you may need to adapt the language and level of technicality of the information you present. Paraphrasing allows you to tailor the content to suit the needs of your specific readership.

Incorporating paraphrasing into your writing not only showcases your understanding of the material but also enhances the overall quality and originality of your work.

When Should You Paraphrase?

Knowing when to paraphrase is an important skill, especially in academic writing and professional communication. Here are some situations in which you should consider paraphrasing:

• To Avoid Plagiarism:  Whenever you want to incorporate information from source material into your own work, but don’t want to use a direct quotation, paraphrasing is necessary to present the ideas in your own words while still acknowledging the original source.
• To Express Understanding:  Paraphrasing demonstrates your understanding of a topic by rephrasing the information in a way that shows you have processed and comprehended the material.
• To Simplify Complex Information:  If you encounter complex or technical language that may be difficult for your audience to understand, paraphrasing can help you clarify and simplify the information to make it more accessible and digestible.
• To Integrate Multiple Sources:  When synthesizing information from multiple sources, paraphrasing allows you to blend the ideas cohesively while maintaining your own voice and perspective.
• To Maintain Consistency in Writing Style:  In academic writing or professional writing, paraphrasing can help you maintain a consistent writing style throughout your work. This helps to ensure that all sections flow smoothly and are coherent.
• To Meet Specific Requirements:  Some assignments or publications may have specific requirements. This could relate to the number of words or concern the use of direct quotations. In such cases, paraphrasing allows you to meet these requirements while still incorporating relevant information from your sources.

What Are the Benefits of Paraphrasing?

Rewriting information in a clearer, shorter, and simpler form is called paraphrasing, so one of the benefits of paraphrasing is already clear! However, it can also be a useful exercise for other reasons, which are outlined below:

Avoiding Plagiarism

One of the main benefits of paraphrasing is mastering the ability to present information from external sources in a way that is entirely your own. By restructuring the content and expressing it using your words, you create a distinct piece of writing that reflects your comprehension and interpretation of the original material. This not only showcases your academic or professional integrity but also safeguards against unintentional plagiarism.

Paraphrasing is a fundamental skill in academic and professional settings, where originality and proper attribution are highly valued. This is especially true when it comes to writing research papers, where you’ll often need to reference someone else’s ideas with appropriate citations.

When you paraphrase effectively, you communicate to your audience that you respect the intellectual property of others while contributing your unique insights. This ethical approach to information usage enhances your credibility as a writer or researcher and reinforces the integrity of your work.

Enhancing Understanding

When you engage in paraphrasing, you actively participate in the material you are working with. You are forced to consider the ideas presented in the source material. You need to discern the essential concepts, identify key phrases, and decide how best to convey the message in a way that resonates with you.

This active engagement not only aids in understanding the content but also encourages critical thinking as you evaluate and interpret the information from your own standpoint.

By expressing someone else’s ideas in your own words, you deepen your understanding of the content. This process requires you to dissect the original text, grasp its nuances, and then reconstruct it using your language and perspective. In this way, you go beyond mere memorization and truly internalize the information, fostering a more profound comprehension of the subject matter.

Tailoring Information for Your Audience

Paraphrasing empowers you to adapt the language and complexity of the information to suit the needs and understanding of your audience. As you rephrase the content, you have the flexibility to adjust the level of technicality, simplify complex terminology, or tailor the tone to make the information more accessible to your specific readership.

Consider your audience’s background, knowledge level, and interests. Paraphrasing allows you to bridge the gap between the original content and the understanding of your intended audience.

Whether you are communicating with experts in a particular field or a general audience, the ability to paraphrase ensures that the information is conveyed in a way that resonates with and is comprehensible to your readers. This skill not only facilitates effective communication but also demonstrates your awareness of the diverse needs of your audience.

Improves Writing Skills

Paraphrasing helps in the development and refinement of your writing skills. When you actively engage in the process of rephrasing someone else’s ideas, you hone your ability to express concepts in a clear, concise, and coherent manner.

This practice refines your language proficiency, encouraging you to explore different types of sentence structure, experiment with vocabulary, and ultimately develop a more sophisticated and nuanced writing style.

As you paraphrase, you gain a heightened awareness of grammar, syntax, and word choice. This translates into improved writing, helping you construct well-articulated sentences and paragraphs. Moreover, paraphrasing allows you to experiment with different writing tones and adapt your style to suit the context or purpose of your writing, fostering versatility and adaptability in your expression.

Saves Time and Energy

Paraphrasing can significantly reduce the time and energy spent on the writing process. Rather than grappling with the challenge of integrating lengthy direct quotations or struggling to find the perfect synonym, paraphrasing allows you to distill and convey information in a more streamlined way.

This becomes particularly advantageous when faced with strict deadlines. By mastering paraphrasing, you empower yourself to produce well-crafted, original content in a shorter timeframe, allowing you to meet deadlines without compromising the quality of your work.

Examples of Paraphrasing

Here are some examples of paraphrasing:

• Original:  “The advancements in technology have revolutionized the way we communicate with each other.”
• Paraphrased:  “Technological progress has transformed how we interact and communicate with one another.”
• Original:  “Deforestation poses a significant threat to global ecosystems and biodiversity.”
• Paraphrased:  “The impact of deforestation represents a substantial danger to ecosystems and the diversity of life on a global scale.”
• Original:  “Effective time management is essential for achieving productivity in both professional and personal spheres.”
• Paraphrased:  “Efficient management of time is crucial for attaining productivity in both professional and personal aspects of life.”
• Original:  “The restaurant offers a diverse selection of culinary choices, ranging from traditional dishes to modern fusion cuisine.”
• Paraphrased:  “The restaurant provides a variety of food options, including both traditional and modern fusion dishes.”
• Original:  “The novel explores the complexities of human relationships in a rapidly changing society.”
• Paraphrased:  “The book delves into the challenges of human connections in a fast-changing world.”
• Original:  “Regular exercise is crucial for maintaining optimal physical health and preventing various health issues.”
• Paraphrased:  “Exercising regularly is important for keeping your body healthy and avoiding health problems.”

In these examples, you can observe the use of different wording, sentence structure, and synonyms while preserving the core meaning of the original sentences. This is the essence of paraphrasing.

What Are the Differences Between Paraphrasing, Quoting, and Summarizing?

So, we’ve established that successful paraphrasing is a way of rewriting someone else’s words whilst retaining their meaning and still giving credit to the original author’s ideas. But how is this different from quoting and summarizing?

While paraphrasing, quoting, and summarizing are all ways of incorporating information from source material into your own writing, there are key differences between them:

Paraphrasing

• Definition:  Paraphrasing involves rephrasing someone else’s ideas or information in your own words while retaining the original meaning.
• Usage:  You use paraphrasing when you want to present the information in a way that suits your writing style or when you need to clarify complex ideas.
• Example:  Original: “The study found a significant correlation between sleep deprivation and decreased cognitive performance.” Paraphrased: “The research indicated a notable link between lack of sleep and a decline in cognitive function.”
• Definition:  Quoting involves directly using the exact words from a source and enclosing them in quotation marks.
• Usage:  You use quoting when the original wording is essential, either because of its precision or uniqueness, or when you want to highlight a specific phrase or concept.
• Example:  Original: “The author argues, ‘In the absence of clear guidelines, individual judgment becomes paramount in decision-making.'”

The use of quotation marks is vital when quoting.

Summarizing

• Definition:  Summarizing involves condensing the main ideas of a source or original passage in your own words, focusing on the most crucial points.
• Usage:  You use summarizing when you need to provide a concise overview of a longer piece of text or when you want to capture the key points without including all the details.
• Example:  Original: A lengthy article discussing various factors influencing climate change. Summary: “The article outlines key factors contributing to climate change, including human activities and natural processes.”

In summary, paraphrasing is about expressing someone else’s ideas in your own words, quoting involves directly using the original words, and summarizing is about condensing the main points of a source.

Each technique serves different purposes in writing and should be used based on your specific goals and the nature of the information you are incorporating. If you want to level up your writing skills you need to be able to do all three of these.

Conclusion (In Our Own Words)

Paraphrasing is a valuable skill with numerous benefits. It helps you understand complex ideas, refine your writing style, and demonstrate ethical information use. It also allows you to tailor information for different audiences and can save time in academic and professional writing.

So, if you want to incorporate information from external sources into your writing in a way that is clear, concise, and respectful of the original author’s work, it’s worth mastering the art of paraphrasing.

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Poem Paraphrasing Tool for Students

Welcome to our free paper rewriter. Follow the 4 steps below to use this paraphrasing tool for research papers:

• Copy and paste the paper you want to be rewritten;
• Choose the share of words to replace;
• Click on the button;
• Get the perfect result.
• ️📜 Why Using the Tool?
• The New Colossus
• Fire and Ice
• ️🔗 References

📜 Poem Paraphrasing Tool: Why Using It?

The language of poetry is figurative and often vague.

Poetry paraphrase means a verse is interpreted and rendered in a more “spoken” language.

But why may someone need to rewrite a poem?

• While preparing for in-class discussion, you can use the tool to help orient yourself within the text.
• The paraphraser clarifies the literary devices , notably allusions, metaphors, symbols , similes, and synecdoche.
• In the process, you’ll define the complicated and rarely used words.
• Poetry may have confusing syntax and logically unrelated sentences. Rewriting poetry, you simplify these patterns.
• Poets disregard many grammar rules. To create rhythm and rhyme, they may omit auxiliary verbs and other words with low meaning coefficient. The poetry paraphrasing tool eliminates these “drawbacks.”
• Paraphrasing any text helps to understand the plot. It is especially valid in terms of poetry.
• Translators of English poems use it to convey the meaning. Because at first, they need to understand the idea and purpose of every line and then only transmit it in the target language.
• A poem rewriter is especially helpful when the piece is too long to reword by hand. It will save you much time that you’ll be able to dedicate to the plot analysis .

👌 How to Paraphrase Poetry: 4 Tips

Below we describe the 4 tips that will help you effectively paraphrase poetry.

Walk in the Author’s Shoes

Try to follow the author’s steps and look at the things from their position.

Your rewording should parallel the author’s mood, tone, and voice.

If the poem is written in the first person, do the same. For example, the first lines of Maya Angelou’s Still I Rise can be paraphrased in the following way.

Don’t Overuse Synonyms

Unlike paraphrasing the prose, keeping as many original words as possible is better.

You will soon notice that preserving even 20% is a challenging task. This advice does not apply to archaic or narrowly specialized terms.

Meanwhile, it is highly advisable to rearrange the sentence structure (toward simplification). The only criterion is to keep the original message. An illustrative example can be made based on Elizabeth Bishop’s One Art .

Add the Necessary Details

The meter and rhythm are critical in poetry. Because of that, authors often have no choice but to leave out some details that may be evident to the reader.

When you rephrase, it is correct to put all the words in their places, especially when the poet gave nothing but a hint.

For example, compare the original and paraphrased versions of Gwendolyn Brook’s We Real Cool .

Translate It into the Language You Speak

Poem paraphrasing is the most similar activity to translation.

The difference is that you use the same language but change its style.

Compare the last lines of Ozymandias by Percy Bysshe Shelley and our rewording:

🖋️ Poem Paraphrasing: 3 Examples

To better understand how to do this task, we have prepared 3 paraphrases of the best samples of English poetry. You can also compare them with the originals available through the links.

Sonnet 18 Paraphrased

It is a sonnet by William Shakespeare written somewhere in the 1590s. In this poem, the speaker admires the beauty of his beloved one and promises that it will always live in his sonnet. The language is archaic and complicated, so you shall read the original several times to understand its meaning.

Read Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18 paraphrased below.

Can I compare you to a summer day? You are lovelier and softer. In May, rough winds shake the fragile flower buds, And summer is always too short. Sometimes the Sun shines too hot, And its golden face gets dimmed; And the beauty of beautiful people decays By chance or natural causes. But your eternal summer will never fade, You will not lose your beauty, And death will not be able to boast of having taken you Because you live in my eternal lines. As long as people breathe and have eyes to see, As long as this sonnet exists, it will make you alive.

The New Colossus Paraphrased

Emma Lazarus created the poem in 1883 to raise funds for the Statue of Liberty . Now, it is engraved on the monument’s base. Lazarus’ sonnet recognized the statue’s primary role of welcoming those who seek refuge. You can check The New Colossus paraphrased below.

Different from the giant bronze statue of Helios in the Ancient Greek Rhodes, Whose limbs joined two sides of a harbor, commemorating a military victory, Here, at an American shoreline There is a statue of a powerful woman with a torch, the flame of which Is electric and lights up the sky. Her name Is the Mother of Exiles. Her hand with a beacon Welcomes people from around the globe. Her gentle gaze Commands the harbor in the cities of New York and Brooklyn. “Ancient European countries, you can keep your history,” she says With her silent lips. “But give me your tired and poor People who strive for freedom. These people have been abandoned and forgotten by your overpopulated lands. Send the homeless and miserable to me, As I raise my lamp over the gateway to America.”

Fire and Ice Paraphrased

Robert Frost created the poem Fire and Ice in 1920 , soon after WWI. The title symbolizes the two apocalyptic scenarios. Fire represents desire, and ice stands for hatred. You can read Fire and Ice paraphrased below.

Some people say the fire will bring the end to the world, Others say that it will be the ice. But as far as I have experienced desire, I believe that fire will be the case. But if the world had to be destroyed twice, I think I have also experienced hatred enough To say that ice Would also fit this purpose Perfectly well.

Thank you for reading this article! If you are not completely satisfied with the result of paraphrasing, try one of our highly specialized tools for various types of content:

• Essay rephraser
• Paragraph rewriter
• Sentence rewriter
• Phrase rewriter
• Paper rewriter
• Thesis rephraser
• Text reworder
• Poem paraphraser
• Essay reworder

❓ Poem Rewriter FAQ

❓ how does a poem paraphrasing tool work.

A paraphrase generator for poems changes the pre-set percentage of words with synonyms. It also preserves the arrangement of lines and sentences, which is critical for poetry rewording. Most of them are free (with some exceptions) and available online without registration or subscription. You only need a browser.

❓ What Does It Mean to Paraphrase a Poem?

You should transmit the author’s ideas line-by-line in your own words without evaluation, analysis or explanations. Neither should you address the underlying messages or principal themes. In other words, you provide a translation of the verse in regular prose and common language.

❓ How to Paraphrase a Poem?

• Read the whole poem. You will often get the meaning only after you finish the last line.
• Look up the meaning of the words you don’t know.
• Rephrase the piece line-by-line, using the author’s words but changing the sentence structure.
• Replace the uncommon words with their everyday synonyms.
• Abstain from interpreting and analyzing but add details whenever necessary.

Updated: Aug 21st, 2024

🔗 References

• How to Paraphrase a Poem with a Paraphrasing Site – Medium
• How do you paraphrase a poem? What are some tips? – Quora
• Paraphrasing through Poetry – University Digital Conservancy
• Poetry and the Possibility of Paraphrase | Oxford
• On What To Pay Attention When Paraphrasing a Poem by Paraphrase Service – Issuu
• Examples of Paraphrasing Without Plagiarizing

Poetry Explained

How to TPCASTT a Poem with Worksheet

Like companies perform SWOT, we, the poetry analysts, perform TPCASTT in order to decipher the nuances of a piece of poetry.

TPCASTT is an innovative poetry analysis method that we often use to understand a poetic text in a holistic manner. The acronym is made up of the first letter of each step used in this method. For instance, the first letter “T” stands for the first step in which students need to analyze the title before reading the full poem.

Likewise, “P” stands for the second step which tells us to paraphrase the poem in our own words. The technique is useful in writing poetry analysis essays . It helps us to organize our thoughts regarding a poem before diving into the writing part.

TPCASTT pronunciation: ti-pi-kast

Start your own TPCASTT Analysis

Read everything you need to know about TPCASST poetry analysis in this article and download the complimentary pdf to start analyzing poetry effectively with TPCASTT.

Explore How to TPCASTT a Poem

• 1 What is TPCASTT?
• 2 How to TPCASTT a Poem Explained
• 3 TPCASTT Poetry Analysis Example (with Infographic)
• 4 Practice TPCASTT – Example Poetry
• 5 Final Words
• 7 Other Resources

What is TPCASTT?

TPCASTT is a stepwise poetry analysis method used to analyze a text with specific emphasis on the title, content, connotation , attitude , shift, and theme.

The term TPCASTT comprises seven simple steps in order to point out the important aspects of a poem. This technique guides readers to appreciate a poetry text in a holistic manner. In the acronym:

• T means Title
• P means Paraphrase
• C means Conntation
• A means Attitude
• S means Shifts
• T means Theme

Note: Always remember – there are two T’s at the end of the acronym.

As we can see, the first and sixth step focuses on the title of a poem. Do we need to analyze a poem’s title twice? Yes, in the first step, you have to analyze only the title without reading the poem and in the sixth step, you have to figure out why the title is appropriate with respect to the subject matter . Let’s explore all the steps in detail below:

How to TPCASTT a Poem Explained

Step one – read the title.

In the first step, you have to read the poem’s title and think about its significance. For your reference, there are two types of titles:

• Interactive Title
• Naming Title

Interactive titles generally have something to do with the text itself. Whereas naming titles gives out a general sort of information about the poem. In the first case, you have to be aware of the title’s implications. There are several poems, especially from the 19th and 20th centuries, that don’t have any titles. For those poems, consider the first line as its title. In this step, write down what you think about the title and what its significance could be.

Step Two – Paraphrase the poem

In the second step of TPCASTT, thoroughly paraphrase the poem by replacing the critical words with simple ones. For short poems, you have to write only three or four lines. In long poems, the paraphrase could be several lines longer. Always remember that your paraphrase must include the exact number of complete sentences, if any, used in the poem. To paraphrase a piece, you have to simplify the poem in easier terms. Writing a summary is like providing a snapshot of the piece, which is different from a paraphrase.

Step Three – Figuring out the connotations

The third step is the most important of the seven steps. It requires thorough knowledge of poetic devices, imagery , figurative language , diction, point of view , sound devices , etc. Otherwise, it is difficult to determine the figurative meaning of a line apart from its literal meaning. Students are not expected to find out all the devices in order to figure out the connotation. They just need to point out the important ones and justify how those devices impact the poem’s overall meaning or the idea of a particular line.

Step Four – What’s the speaker’s attitude/tone ?

In the fourth step, you have to identify the attitude or tone of the speaker to the subject . The information we gathered in the third step greatly helps us in this step. To determine the speaker’s tone, one needs to examine the diction, imagery, and rhetorical details within the text. After pointing out the tone, you can talk about how it affects the mood or the impression of the poem on readers’ minds.

Step Five – Where do the shifts occur?

The fifth TPCASTT step deals with the shifts in a poem. What does shift mean? Consider shift as a change or transition from a specific thought to the next. In poetry analysis, we consider shifts as the changes in attitude, word choice, structural divisions ( stanza breaks or line breaks ), punctuation marks, etc. In order to find the shifts in a poem, you have to critically examine the tone, punctuations, stanza breaks, changes in diction, etc.

Step Six – Reread the title

After completing the above steps, you have to read the title again. But, this time, you are reading the title from an analyst’s perspective . The first time, like a beginner, you’re speculating upon the title’s possible meanings. This time, you have become familiar with the intricate details and connotations . So, try to figure out what new details the title provides. Compare your preliminary interpretation with your conclusive interpretation of the title. Explore how the title reveals more insights after a thorough analysis of the poem.

Step Seven – What’s the theme of the poem?

The final step is all about identifying the theme of the poem. Theme means a recurrent idea in a piece of poetry. Poets generally focus on a single idea throughout the text. For instance, conventional sonnets typically deal with the theme of love and heartbreak. It is not that a poem taps on a single time. Sometimes, a poem includes more than one theme and all of them are important. Always write about a poem’s theme with related textual references.

TPCASTT Poetry Analysis Example (with Infographic)

TPCASTT-ing becomes easy when one has learned the above steps by heart. It is easy to remember the steps with the help of the acronym. We’ve also prepared an infographic to help you recall the steps.

With this TPCASTT of ‘ Sonnet 18 ,’ one of the best-known sonnets of William Shakespeare , it’d be easier to apply the steps yourself. You can find the full text below. Jump to the TPCASTT table first beneath the poem .

Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate: Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And summer’s lease hath all too short a date; Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, And often is his gold complexion dimm’d; And every fair from fair sometime declines, By chance or nature’s changing course untrimm’d; But thy eternal summer shall not fade, Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow’st; Nor shall death brag thou wander’st in his shade, When in eternal lines to time thou grow’st:    So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,    So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. Sonnet 18 by William Shakespeare

TPCASTT of Sonnet 18

Explore all 154 sonnets of Shakespeare .

Practice TPCASTT – Example Poetry

To master any poetry analysis technique, you have to practice, not once, but a number of times, before you fully understand the importance of applying each step. Here you can find poems from beginner to advanced levels of difficulty to help you with your poetry analysis journey. Use the TPCASTT worksheet while analyzing the following poems.

• ‘I wandered lonely as a cloud’  by  William Wordsworth  — This poem is about the importance of happy memories in times of despair.
• ‘The Lamb’  by  William Blake  — This poem is a  dialogue  between an innocent child and the lamb.
• ‘A Psalm of Life’  by  Henry Wadsworth Longfellow  — This memorable piece speaks on the purpose of life.
• ‘Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening’  by  Robert Frost  — This piece narrates a traveler’s account of standing deep in the woods on a wintry night torn between two choices.
• ‘Remember’  by  Christina Rossetti  — This sonnet is about a speaker’s wish to be remembered by her beloved.
• ‘Sonnet 116’   by  William Shakespeare  — This sonnet is about the timeless quality of emotional/spiritual love that remains unchanged, unaltered, and undeterred. 
• ‘The Road Not Taken’  by  Robert Frost  — This poem is about the underlying regret in the choices we make.
• ‘Ozymandias’  by  Percy Bysshe Shelley  — This sonnet is about a traveler’s account of discovering the broken statue of Ozymandias in the desert.
• ‘Sonnet 43’   by  Elizabeth Barret Browning  — Browning wrote this piece to express her love for her husband, Robert Browning.
• ‘The New Colossus’   by  Emma Lazarus  — This poem is about the American dream and the all-inclusive nature of American soil.
• ‘Because I could not stop for Death’  by  Emily Dickinson  — This poem is about the arrival of death and the speaker’s journey into the afterlife.
• ‘i carry your heart with me(i carry it in]’   by  E. E. Cummings  — This poem is an address to a speaker’s loved one regarding how he carries his lover’s heart with him.
• ‘I Hear America Singing’   by  Walt Whitman  — In this poem, Whitman describes a thriving American society.
• ‘Still I Rise’   by  Maya Angelou  — This inspiring poem celebrates self-love and self-acceptance.
• ‘Standing Female Nude’   by  Carol Ann Duffy  — This piece speaks on the role of the female model in a cold studio of a painter, who sees her as a means to an end.

Final Words

TPCASTT is one of the most comprehensive and useful poetry analysis techniques that we often use to analyze poems. It not only covers all of the important aspects of a poem but also helps us organize our thoughts before writing a proper poetry analysis piece. However, there are some easier poetry analysis techniques that you can consider using while analyzing a poem. TPCASTT is not recommended for those who have just started their poetry analysis journey. Instead, they could use SMILE and TOASTT , or TPFASTT , an alternative to TPCASTT.

TPCASTT is a comprehensive poetry analysis technique that comprises seven steps. It is used to organize our thoughts before diving straight to the conclusion. Using this method, one can analyze a poem in a holistic manner.

In the first step of TPCASTT, we have to analyze the title of a poem without reading the text. Secondly, we paraphrase the poem. Thirdly, we figure out the connotations of the lines. Fourthly, we determine the speaker ’s attitude or tone . In the fifth step, we find out where the shifts occur in the poem. The sixth step is about rereading and reanalyzing the title. In the last step, we figure out the theme of the poem.

In poetry, shift generally occurs near the end or somewhere in the middle of the text. A shift means a change in the speaker ’s tone and the poem’s diction. It is comparable to the volta in sonnets .

In TPCASTT, the second step is about paraphrasing a poem. In order to paraphrase a poem, we have to write the poem’s lines in simple sentences by replacing the critical words with their easy-to-understand synonyms.

Other Resources

• Learn:   How to Analyze Poetry with SMILE
• Explore:   How to Analyze Unseen Poetry
• Read:   10 Important Elements of Poetry

Home » Poetry Explained » TPCASTT Poetry Analysis

About Sudip Das Gupta

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Gupta, SudipDas. "How to TPCASTT a Poem with Worksheet". Poem Analysis , https://poemanalysis.com/poetry-explained/tpcastt/ . Accessed 8 September 2024.

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Make Your Essays Stronger With Paraphrased Poems

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Paraphrased poems are poems where the major ideas of the poet’s work are explained in prose. At this point, you are not getting into the poet’s figurative meaning.

You may need to paraphrase a poem if you are answering a homework assignment or an exam question. In these cases, they tend to ask you to explain the poet’s meaning in your own words.

Understand that this is different from providing analysis of the poem.

Why Paraphrase a Poem?

Paraphrasing is about rephrasing the key points of the poem in your own words so that you understand it better. It is common for poems to use confusing syntax and words. Paraphrased poems may help you gain a better understanding.

How to Paraphrase a Poem

When you paraphrase a poem, you have to first determine whether you need to. It may be easier to quote a few lines instead of doing a full paraphrase.

We recommend that if you decide your essay may be stronger with only a few lines of the poem, then go ahead with this. If the question asks you to paraphrase the poem. Or if you need help in understanding what is said, it might be better if you paraphrase.

Be sure you know that the poem’s message is first. This will make it easier for you to be able to paraphrase it. It won’t hurt to read it again before you begin. This is just to make sure you understand its meaning.

After making sure that you already know the poem’s message, close your copy of the poem and try reciting it using your own words. When you imagine the message in your head like this, you’ll have a better idea of what it means on your own. This is the first step.

Then, you begin your rewrite. Try to do this from memory. This is so that you won’t be tempted to include words from the poem. This may confuse things.

You now have a draft of your paraphrased poem. Take a good look at the original text of the poem. You are checking to see if there are any words that don’t correspond to the poem’s message. Now you engage in the editing process, polishing your paraphrased poem .

At this point, you should have version of the paraphrase that’s suitable for your essay.

You should also have an idea of how much of the poem will be incorporated into the essay. Remember to proofread your essay and make sure that the words you have chosen for the paraphrased poem are appropriate.

You may also want to make sure that your paraphrased poems are supported by context.

Pam is an expert grammarian with years of experience teaching English, writing and ESL Grammar courses at the university level. She is enamored with all things language and fascinated with how we use words to shape our world.

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CWP: Craft of Prose: Examples of Paraphrase

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Paraphrases—rewordings of text—need to be cited. Paraphrasing without providing a citation is plagiarism. Even paraphrases with citations can be instances of plagiarism if they are so similar to the original that the paraphraser claims credit for the original author's language.

A paraphrase that avoids plagiarism:

• cites the source of the material being paraphrased.
• differs enough from the original that it doesn't require quotation marks.

Paraphrase Examples

Wines drunk at Greek tables did not always come from Greece itself. The wine snobbery of the time extolled the merits of wines from the slopes of Mount Lebanon, from Palestine, Egypt and Magna Graecia-Greater Greece, i.e., southern Italy. The ten litres a day drunk by the famous wrestler Milo of Croton was a wine famous in Calabria, where Milo lived: this wine, Ciro, is still made.

from Maguelone Toussaint-Samat's A History of Food (Cambridge: Blackwell, 1992. 263).

Wines drunk by Greeks were not always made in Greece itself. The wine snobs of that period celebrated wines from Mount Lebanon, Palestine, and Egypt. The famous wrestler Milo of Croton, who consumed ten liters of wine a day, drank wine made in Calabria outside of Greece; this wine, Ciro, is still made.

This paraphrase plagiarizes in two ways:

1. By having no citation, the paraphrase misleads readers into believing that the ideas, facts and sense of the passage are a result of the author's own research and knowledge.

2. The language of the paraphrase is too similar to the original. Even if the author had provided a citation, some instructors would consider this plagiarism.

Not Plagiarism:

Although Greeks were picky about their wine, they enjoyed wine from outside Greece. Upstanding Greeks enjoyed wine from many of Greece's local trading partners—including Palestine, Egypt and southern Italy. One story tells of the famous wrestler Milo of Croton, who consumed ten liters of foreign wine daily (Toussaint-Samat 263).

This paraphrase cites the original and rephrases its words to create an original construction.

Paraphrase that Uses Too Much of the Original Language

Up, up, up, groping through clouds for what seemed like an eternity....No amount of practice could have prepared them for what they encountered. B-24s, glittering like mica, were popping up out of the clouds all over the sky.

from Thomas Childers. Wings of morning: the story of the last American bomber shot down over Germany in World War II , Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley (1990), 83. 

Up, up, up he went, until he got above the clouds. No amount of practice could have prepared the pilot and crew for what they encountered-B-24s, glittering like mica, were popping up out of the clouds over here, over there, everywhere.

This comes from The Wild Blue: The Men and Boys Who Flew the B-24s over Germany  by Stephen E. Ambrose. Ambrose cites but does not quote Childers' original work despite using its imagery and language.  Ambrose should have either used Childers' passage as a direct quotation or modified his own passage so that it consisted of his own language.

Not Plagiarism

 Despite their training, the pilot and crew's experience was surreal and surprising, seeing for the first time "B-24s, glittering like mica, ... popping up out of the clouds all over the sky" (Ambrose 83).

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