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Thesis Topics for Students

We’ll start with a comprehensive list of thesis ideas for students, then move on to topics for multiple fields.

Thesis Topics for College Students

Exploring the psychological effects of student loan debt on college graduates
The challenges and opportunities of globalization
The role of education and social mobility in reducing inequality
The impact of immigration on the economy and society
The potential of new technologies to improve healthcare outcomes
The impact of online learning on student engagement and achievement
What is the role of artificial intelligence in business decision-making?
High school bullying and its long-term effects on mental health and social adjustment
The challenges and opportunities of diversity and inclusion in education
The impact of early childhood education on long-term success

Senior Thesis Topics

The industrial revolution has increased the gap between the rich and the poor. How?
What are the effects of global warming on the world’s population?
Feminism is becoming as bad as racism. How?
The relationship between social media usage and perceptions of loneliness
The long-term effects of income inequality on economic growth
Placement by age vs. placement by academic ability. Which should be preferred?
How have viruses such as HIV-AIDS, affected the African economy?
What are the common sleep disorders and their treatments?
Using animals for sports and entertainment: Is it legal or illegal?
Discuss Trump’s “America First” trade and foreign policy.

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Bachelor Thesis Topics

The impact of E-Sports on traditional sports and the future of competitive gaming
The economics of renewable energy transition: Case study of Germany
The influence of music on cognitive performance and productivity in the workplace
The influence of social media on political movements and activism
The ethical implications of gene editing technologies: A case study on CRISPR-Cas9
Urban green spaces and their impact on mental health: A case study of Singapore
The relationship between smartphone use and sleep quality in young adults
Investigating the psychological factors influencing consumer brand loyalty
Cybersecurity threats and mitigation strategies for small and medium-sized enterprises
The impact of video games on cognitive skills and problem-solving abilities in children

Masters Thesis Topics

Discuss the relationship between literature and the political climate in the 18th century
Explain the relationship between rational thinking and religion
The Civil War is the greatest inspiration for art. Discuss the concept
Gun violence in the USA during the 2010s: A comparative analysis
Cyberbullying can lead to suicides - A case study of Australia
Campus shootings in the USA: Discuss the causes and risk factors
Labor markets in China: An in-depth analysis
What are the impacts of global warming on weather conditions in Iceland?
Explain the women's empowerment in Saudi Arabia in the 2000s
Write a detailed comparison of the anti-nuclear movements in Germany and Japan

MBA Thesis Topics

Discuss a case study of rural marketing projects.
What are the impacts of reducing the retirement age in America?
Mergers and acquisitions: Evaluating the factors contributing to success or failure
How can the banking sector influence the economic growth of India?
Analysis of global supply chain resilience in the post-pandemic business environment
Online marketing on social media platforms is useful for small companies. How?
Write a comparative study of organized trading in the USA and UK
How is technical knowledge essential to make wise financial decisions?
How can consumer purchases influence brand design?
Explore the positive and negative impacts of mobile banking

PhD Thesis Topics

What are the primary professors’ teaching patterns in China?
Discuss the social benefits of same-sex marriages
Discuss the legal issue of child labor in Third World countries.
What is the positive impact of music therapy on patients with brain injuries?
Explain the impacts of 9/11 on new policies against terrorism
Discuss the marketing strategies used in political campaigns
The US presence in Syria: Is it providing justice or violating the law?
Elaborate on the preventive measures to fight obesity among teenagers.
How to treat injuries in diabetic patients?
What are the political and economic effects of Brexit on the UK?

Thesis Topics for Multiple Fields

Here are some interesting and easy to write thesis topics from multiple fields of study.

Thesis Topics in Education

Special education policies in the USA: Are they effective or ineffective?
Why is studying abroad a legitimate excuse for traveling?
Strategies for supporting undergraduate students' transition to college life
Family involvement has a direct impact on a child's performance. Discuss how?
Why are students more likely to do the homework assigned by good-looking professors?
Role of Parental Involvement in early childhood education for academic readiness
Explain the development of emotional intelligence for modern education
Informal learning in rural areas through social networks. Is it possible?
Public school students interact at the same level as the other students. Is it true?
How can reality television disempower students to some extent?

Thesis Topics in Healthcare

How does increased physical activity promote healthy aging?
The impact of telemedicine on healthcare access and quality
Mental health stigma: Addressing barriers to seeking and receiving care
How do Supervised Machine Learning models help in Breast Cancer diagnosis?
Exploring the mental health implications of prolonged pandemic-related stress and isolation
Innovations in remote patient monitoring for chronic disease management
How can we improve the affordability of healthcare without sacrificing quality?
Strategies for addressing the global burden of non-communicable diseases
How can we use social media to promote health literacy and engagement?
How can we use genomics to improve disease prevention and treatment?

Thesis Topics for Computer Science

Quantum computing: The future of data processing and cryptography
How does the feedback system in personnel management work?
Describe the development of an automated workplace
How can data be analyzed by using robust AI algorithms?
Discuss the benefits of the development of a taxi service website
The dark web: Anonymity, security, and law enforcement challenges
Verification of webpage layouts. How is it beneficial?
What are the impacts of mobile computing on global development?
Big data analytics for predictive maintenance in IoT systems
How can AI-assisted surveillance systems decrease mass school shootings in the US?

Architecture Thesis Topics

How have religious buildings in the British Empire affected architecture?
Discuss the role of architects in combating the impacts of climate change
Why should we construct sustainable buildings for offices?
Discuss a case study of small houses to solve homelessness
Why should we develop public places in small cities?
How can architecture revitalize urban areas sustainably?
Are underwater hotels sustainable?
Discuss the transformation of urban design in the 21st century
How can we construct houses in developed countries with low income?
How can architectural design create healing environments in healthcare facilities?

Thesis Topics for Interior Design

Role of biophilic design in reducing stress and anxiety in workplaces
Designing interior spaces for people with dementia
The use of technology to create immersive and interactive interior experiences
Design of interior spaces for future generations
Impact of culture on prisons and other correctional facilities design
Use of universal design to create inclusive restaurants and cafés
Use of materials and finishes to create a sustainable and resilient built environment
What is the impact of interior design on human performance?
Creating inclusive and accessible interior spaces for people with disabilities
What is the future of interior design in the age of climate change?

Thesis Topics for Textile Designing

How to design textiles that are both aesthetically pleasing and functional?
Environmental impact of textile design and how to reduce it
How can textile design improve the performance of sportswear and activewear?
Design a textile collection that is accessible and affordable for people with disabilities
Develop a sustainable textile production process that reduces environmental impact
Investigate the impact of textile design on consumer behavior
Explore the use of sustainable materials in textile design
Challenges and opportunities of new technologies in textile design
Ethical implications of materials and production methods in textile design
How can textile design reduce fashion waste and promote circularity?

Psychology Thesis Topics

Why is emotional intelligence an important factor in professional satisfaction?
The notion of the self – Is it a myth or reality?
Evaluating the efficacy of Cognitive Behavioral
Therapy in managing anxiety
Self-efficacy and academic achievement: A longitudinal study of students
A good IQ level can have long-term benefits for children. Discuss how?
How are emotional disorders directly connected to social cognition?
Analyze the relationship between emotional and episodic memory
How can rational thinking allow us to make better decisions?
How common is depression among homosexual teenagers?
What are the psychological techniques to help obese teens?

Political Science Thesis Topics

Compare the foreign policies of the US and the UK
What were the causes of the American Revolution?
How is religion used as a political power?
What is the role of social movements in politics?
Discuss the consequences of the Civil War
Immigration policies and their impact on social cohesion and diversity
The impact of campaign finance reform on political corruption
What are the negotiation methods during wartime?
Explain the difference between political and armed conflicts
Give a detailed review of the Human Rights Act 1998

Thesis Topics for Law Students

The role of international law in addressing global cybersecurity threats
Human rights and refugee law: Analyzing the legal status of stateless individuals
Legal aspects of intellectual property rights in the fashion industry
Consumer protection laws in E-Commerce: Challenges and emerging trends
How can we ensure that plea bargaining is used fairly and ethically?
Examining the legal and ethical implications of genetic testing and genetic privacy
The evolution of copyright law in the digital era: Balancing innovation and protection
How has globalization changed the landscape of international law?
What is the future of International Law in a world of increasing nationalism?
The impact of race and ethnicity on criminal sentencing

International Relations Thesis Topics

What is the impact of Russia’s intervention in Syria?
Discuss the trade relations between India and Pakistan
Discuss the impacts of the US sanctions on Iran
Explain the reasons for OIC failure
What is the US foreign policy towards North Korea?
Critically analyze the human rights violations in Kashmir
What is the policy of the United States toward Russia?
Discuss lessons learned politically since 9/11
Political problems in Africa have been affected by colonial rule. How?
Discuss how is Israel playing the victim card in the war against Palestine

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History Thesis Topics

How has World War II saved the world?
What is the impact of Buddhism on the Chinese empire?
Discuss the struggles of the North American colonies for independence
Describe the role of the monarchy in the domestic policy of Great Britain
Discuss the impacts of the North Korean nuclear program in Northeast Asia
Evaluate the American and Britain relations during the Cold War Era
Discuss the global impacts of the Great Depression
Explain the Women's rights and woman suffrage: 1848-1920.
Enlist the Military Innovations between WWI & WWII
Discuss the feminist movement from 1845 to 1920

Criminal Justice Thesis Topics

What are the ways to deal with domestic violence?
How can we reduce racial disparities in the criminal justice system?
How is electronic monitoring an abuse of privacy rights?
What can be done to prevent cyber crimes?
What are the common child abuse crimes committed?
How can body cameras reduce police violence?
Why are men more likely to get the death penalty?
How can drug courts help people with addictions?
Discuss the strategies used to stop criminal behavior
Discuss the effectiveness of capital punishment in deterring crime

Thesis Topics in English Literature

The influence of feminist theory on the work of Margaret Atwood
Discuss the effectiveness of verbal communication in displaying feelings
How do people communicate when there is no shared language?
Language travels through time. Discuss the concept
Elaborate on the advantages of learning a second language in graduate school
Discuss the effectiveness of non-verbal communication for displaying emotions.
Shakespearean adaptations in modern literature and film
Narrative techniques in experimental literature and their impact on storytelling
What are the benefits of learning two languages at once as a child?
How to best communicate: Verbally or non-verbally?

Thesis Topics in Mass Communication

Effects of user-generated content on news credibility and trust in online journalism
Impact of deep fake technology on media manipulation and trust in visual media
The role of media in promoting political polarization and extremism
The challenges of reporting on sensitive topics such as war, violence, and trauma
The ethics of using media to exploit or harm vulnerable populations
The influence of TikTok on youth culture and entertainment consumption
How does sports journalism respond to evolving media landscapes?
The role of social media influencers in shaping brand image and consumer behavior
The role of media in promoting corporate interests and agendas
What is the role of media in the surveillance state and the erosion of privacy?

Thesis Topics in Business Administration

How is digital transformation changing business models and strategies?
What role does venture capital play in funding and supporting startups?
The role of data analytics in decision-making and improving business outcomes
The challenges and opportunities of expanding into new markets
What factors influence call center industry employee retention?
Comparing leadership structures in manufacturing and retail sectors
How do varying leadership styles impact worker performance?
Challenges and opportunities of managing supply chains in a globalized economy
Is a Human Resources Officer still relevant in today's businesses?
What is the impact of internal communications on organizational objectives?

Thesis Topics in Physical Education

Role of physical education in preventing childhood obesity
Impact of physical activity on sleep quality and overall well-being
Influence of physical education on self-esteem and body image in adolescents
What strategies promote gender equity in physical education?
How can cultural competency be integrated into physical education programs?
How does virtual physical education impact student engagement?
What factors contribute to successful youth sports and athlete development?
How does assessment and feedback improve student learning in physical education?
How can older adults be encouraged to maintain active lifestyles?
Does physical education have a measurable impact on academic performance?

Civil Engineering Thesis Topics

Assessing the impact of climate change on infrastructure resilience
Optimizing traffic flow and transportation systems for urban mobility
Risk assessment and management in civil engineering projects
Green infrastructure and stormwater management in urban environments
Geotechnical engineering challenges in high-rise building construction
Resilient infrastructure for mitigating the impact of extreme weather events
Smart grids and energy-efficient infrastructure for future cities
The role of 3D printing in construction: Feasibility and applications
Augmented reality and virtual reality in civil engineering education and design
What are the risk factors involved in building skyscrapers?

Cyber Security Thesis Topics

How can network security deal with cyber crimes?
How can an informational system protect your data?
How can we prevent the growth of cyber hackers?
What are the different types of cyber crimes?
How can we make network security affordable for everyone?
Discuss the effectiveness of malware protection software.
How can we improve cybersecurity in wireless networks?
What are the ways to prevent cyber attacks in organizations?
How do people become cyber criminals?
What are the current trends in the field of cybercrime and security?

Sociology Thesis Topics

What are the consequences of adopting a child?
Discuss the concept of female empowerment in a conservative society
Organ transplantation in our society. Is it ethical?
Explain the diffusion and innovation in European culture
What are the challenges that most women face at workplaces?
How difficult is it to be a single parent in a society?
The impact of economic disparities on how people Live: A sociological study
Technology has changed the way we eat. How?
Violations of social norms can be a positive act. How?
What is the relationship between poverty and education?

Philosophy Thesis Topics

What is the nature of truth and reality in a post-modern world?
Is there any life after death?
Can a person be happy without friends and family?
Why is there a need to engage children in physical activities?
Will you have eternal satisfaction if you had all the wealth in the world?
How morality and religion are related to each other?
Why do people commit crimes when they’re at the brink of poverty?
How to develop a personal philosophy of life: Influences, values, and decision-making
Can free will exist in a deterministic universe, and what are its implications for agency and responsibility?
What is the nature of consciousness, and how does it relate to our perception of reality?

Economics Thesis Topics

Discuss the differences in commercial practices in rural and urban areas
Critically analyze regional divergence in Europe
Discuss the relationship between economic geography and the contemporary environment
What are the impacts of intellectual capital in growing markets?
Labor regulations are a way to solve the issue of unemployment. Discuss how?
Explain the factors that determine the market value of a business
What is the effect of labor force participation on the economy?
Discuss the impact of government expenditure on the economic growth of Australia
Discuss the impact of Brexit on small and middle businesses in the UK
Write a review of the aid and economic growth of developing economies

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Now that you have access to a wide range of thesis topics for multiple fields, you could use some tips to understand how you should pick a good thesis topic.

How to Choose a Good Thesis Topic?

Follow the easy tips given below to choose a good topic for your thesis.

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The following is a detailed description of the tips for choosing thesis paper topics.

Know Your Target Audience : Understand your audience's preferences, opinions, and ideas, and always consider their feedback for better grades
Consider Your Strengths : Identify your skills and strengths, and focus on your areas of knowledge
Follow Your Interests : Select a topic that aligns with your passions and leverage your creativity for an engaging idea
Combine Different Ideas : Brainstorm multiple ideas based on your interests and knowledge to create a unique idea
Read and Find Gaps : Explore existing literature and research, to identify gaps or areas that require further investigation
Put Your Idea to the Test : Conduct small experiments or surveys to test your concept, and utilize data and human resources for a comprehensive analysis. Make sure to identify and address any flaws or weaknesses in your thesis idea.

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50+ Important English Literature Dissertation Topics

Choosing a dissertation topic in English literature can be both exciting and daunting. With a wealth of genres, historical periods, and critical approaches, the possibilities are vast. This comprehensive guide presents over 50 important dissertation topics across various themes and periods, helping you find inspiration for your research.

1. Renaissance Literature

1.1 shakespearean tragedies.

Explore the complexities of human nature, fate, and morality in plays like “Hamlet,” “Macbeth,” or “Othello.” Analyze themes such as ambition, revenge, and madness.

1.2 Metaphysical Poetry

Investigate the works of poets like John Donne, George Herbert, and Andrew Marvell. Focus on their use of metaphysical conceits, religious themes, and exploration of love and mortality.

1.3 Female Voices in Renaissance Literature

Examine the representation of women in the works of male authors or explore the writings of female authors like Mary Sidney and Lady Mary Wroth.

2. Victorian Literature

2.1 social criticism in dickens’ novels.

Analyze Charles Dickens’ critique of social issues such as poverty, child labour, and class disparity in novels like “Oliver Twist,” “David Copperfield,” and “Bleak House.”

2.2 The Brontë Sisters

Compare and contrast the themes of gothic elements, gender roles, and family dynamics in the works of Charlotte, Emily, and Anne Brontë.

2.3 The Role of Women in Victorian Society

Explore the depiction of women and their societal roles in the works of authors like Elizabeth Gaskell, George Eliot, and Thomas Hardy.

3. Modernism

3.1 stream of consciousness in james joyce’s “ulysses”.

Examine the narrative technique of stream of consciousness and its impact on modernist literature through Joyce’s “Ulysses.”

3.2 Alienation in Franz Kafka’s Works

Investigate themes of alienation, bureaucracy, and existential angst in Kafka’s stories like “The Metamorphosis” and “The Trial.”

3.3 Gender and Identity in Virginia Woolf’s Novels

Analyze Woolf’s exploration of gender, identity, and consciousness in works like “Mrs. Dalloway” and “Orlando.”

4. Postcolonial Literature

4.1 identity and displacement in salman rushdie’s works.

Explore themes of identity, migration, and cultural hybridity in Rushdie’s novels such as “Midnight’s Children” and “The Satanic Verses.”

4.2 Postcolonial Feminism in Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s Novels

Examine the intersection of postcolonial themes and feminist issues in Adichie’s works like “Half of a Yellow Sun” and “Americanah.”

4.3 Representation of Colonialism in J.M. Coetzee’s Novels

Analyze how Coetzee portrays the impacts of colonialism and apartheid in South Africa in novels like “Disgrace” and “Waiting for the Barbarians.”

5. Contemporary Literature

5.1 environmental themes in margaret atwood’s works.

Investigate the portrayal of environmental issues and dystopian futures in Atwood’s novels like “The Handmaid’s Tale” and “Oryx and Crake.”

5.2 The Digital Age in Dave Eggers’ “The Circle”

Examine the critique of technology, surveillance, and privacy in Eggers’ novel “The Circle.”

5.3 Multiculturalism in Zadie Smith’s Novels

Analyze how Smith addresses themes of multiculturalism, identity, and social dynamics in novels like “White Teeth” and “Swing Time.”

6. American Literature

6.1 the american dream in f. scott fitzgerald’s “the great gatsby”.

Explore the critique of the American Dream and the pursuit of wealth in Fitzgerald’s classic novel.

6.2 Race and Identity in Toni Morrison’s Works

Investigate Morrison’s exploration of African American identity, history, and culture in novels like “Beloved” and “Song of Solomon.”

6.3 The Southern Gothic Tradition in William Faulkner’s Works

Analyze the use of gothic elements, decaying settings, and complex family dynamics in Faulkner’s novels like “The Sound and the Fury” and “As I Lay Dying.”

7. Gothic Literature

7.1 the role of the supernatural in edgar allan poe’s stories.

Examine Poe’s use of supernatural elements, psychological horror, and themes of madness in his short stories.

7.2 Female Gothic in Mary Shelley’s “Frankenstein”

Explore the representation of gender, creation, and monstrosity in Shelley’s seminal gothic novel.

7.3 Victorian Gothic in Bram Stoker’s “Dracula”

Analyze the themes of sexuality, fear of the other, and the clash between modernity and ancient evil in Stoker’s “Dracula.”

8. Science Fiction and Fantasy

8.1 dystopian themes in george orwell’s “1984”.

Investigate Orwell’s critique of totalitarianism, surveillance, and control in his dystopian novel “1984.”

8.2 World-Building in J.R.R. Tolkien’s “The Lord of the Rings”

Examine Tolkien’s creation of Middle-earth, focusing on themes of heroism, power, and the struggle between good and evil.

8.3 Gender and Power in Margaret Atwood’s “The Handmaid’s Tale”

Analyze the depiction of gender, power dynamics, and resistance in Atwood’s dystopian novel.

9. Children’s Literature

9.1 moral lessons in aesop’s fables.

Explore the use of anthropomorphism and moral teaching in Aesop’s classic fables.

9.2 Fantasy and Reality in J.K. Rowling’s “Harry Potter” Series

Investigate the blend of fantasy and reality, the hero’s journey, and themes of friendship and bravery in the “Harry Potter” series.

9.3 Colonialism and Race in “Peter Pan”

Examine J.M. Barrie’s portrayal of colonialism, race, and the concept of the “other” in “Peter Pan.”

10. Romantic Literature

10.1 nature and the sublime in william wordsworth’s poetry.

Analyze Wordsworth’s depiction of nature, the sublime, and the human experience in his poetry.

10.2 Love and Loss in John Keats’ Poetry

Investigate the themes of love, loss, and mortality in Keats’ poetic works.

10.3 Gothic Elements in Mary Shelley’s “Frankenstein”

Explore the blending of Romantic and Gothic elements in Shelley’s novel “Frankenstein.”

11. Feminist Literature

11.1 feminist themes in virginia woolf’s “a room of one’s own”.

Examine Woolf’s arguments about women’s rights, creativity, and the need for financial independence in her extended essay.

11.2 Intersectionality in Audre Lorde’s Works

Analyze Lorde’s exploration of intersectionality, identity, and resistance in her poetry and essays.

11.3 Gender and Power in Sylvia Plath’s “The Bell Jar”

Investigate Plath’s portrayal of gender roles, mental illness, and societal expectations in her semi-autobiographical novel.

12. Historical Literature

12.1 historical accuracy in hilary mantel’s “wolf hall”.

Examine Mantel’s depiction of Thomas Cromwell and the Tudor court, focusing on historical accuracy and narrative style.

12.2 The Representation of War in Erich Maria Remarque’s “All Quiet on the Western Front”

Analyze Remarque’s portrayal of the horrors of World War I and its impact on soldiers.

12.3 The French Revolution in Charles Dickens’s “A Tale of Two Cities”

Investigate Dickens’ depiction of the French Revolution, class struggle, and redemption in “A Tale of Two Cities.”

13. Comparative Literature

13.1 comparing dystopian societies in “1984” and “brave new world”.

Analyze the similarities and differences in the dystopian societies depicted by George Orwell and Aldous Huxley.

13.2 The Hero’s Journey in “The Odyssey” and “The Lord of the Rings”

Examine the use of the hero’s journey archetype in Homer’s epic poem and Tolkien’s fantasy series.

13.3 Themes of Revenge in “Hamlet” and “The Count of Monte Cristo”

Compare and contrast the themes of revenge, justice, and morality in Shakespeare’s play and Dumas’ novel.

14. Mythology and Literature

14.1 the role of myth in james joyce’s “ulysses”.

Investigate how Joyce incorporates and reinterprets classical myths in his modernist novel “Ulysses.”

14.2 Greek Tragedy in Modern Literature

Analyze the influence of Greek tragedy on contemporary works, focusing on themes of fate, hubris, and catharsis.

14.3 Mythical Motifs in J.K. Rowling’s “Harry Potter” Series

Explore the use of mythical motifs, creatures, and archetypes in the “Harry Potter” series.

15. Queer Literature

15.1 queer identity in james baldwin’s “giovanni’s room”.

Examine Baldwin’s exploration of queer identity, love, and societal norms in his novel “Giovanni’s Room.”

15.2 Gender and Sexuality in Oscar Wilde’s Works

Analyze Wilde’s depiction of gender, sexuality, and societal hypocrisy in his plays and novel “The Picture of Dorian Gray.”

15.3 The Intersection of Race and Sexuality in Audre Lorde’s Poetry

Investigate Lorde’s exploration of the intersectionality of race, gender, and sexuality in her poetry.

Choosing a dissertation topic in English literature requires careful consideration of your interests, the scope of available research, and the depth of the material. The above list provides a diverse array of topics across different periods, genres, and themes, offering a solid foundation for your academic exploration. Whether you are drawn to the timeless works of Shakespeare, the social critiques of Victorian literature, the innovative narratives of modernism, or the diverse voices of contemporary literature, there is a rich vein of material to explore in your dissertation.

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626 Dissertation Topics for Ph.D. and Thesis Ideas for Master Students

If you are about to go into the world of graduate school, then one of the first things you need to do is choose from all the possible dissertation topics available to you. This is no small task. You are likely to spend many years researching your Master’s or Ph.D. topic and writing the text. This means that choosing a dissertation topic should not be taken lightly.

No worries! Just read this article by our Custom Writing service, and you’ll find:

a collection of great thesis topics on finance, education, management, law, etc.
a range of tips on choosing a killing Ph.D. topic.
👍 Top 10 Dissertation Topics
🆚 Thesis vs Dissertation
🔝 Top 10 Thesis Topics
🎓 Thesis Topics List
✅ How to Choose a Topic

👍Top 10 Dissertation Topics

Ethical alternatives to animal testing.
What’s the future of the Dead Sea?
Does accent affect singing ability?
The importance of corporate values.
How does inflation affect small businesses?
Is homeschooling the future of education?
How does Tourette’s syndrome affect one’s daily life?
How to conduct market analysis for e-commerce.
Has globalization affected cultural appropriation?

🆚 Dissertation vs. Thesis: Is There a Difference?

People often consider a thesis and a dissertation to be the same thing. Yet, there is an important distinction between them. The key difference is that you need a thesis to complete a master’s degree, while a dissertation is necessary for obtaining a doctorate. Keep in mind that it’s vice versa in European higher education.

Here are some other differences:

	Thesis	Dissertation
	A thesis is usually shorter than a dissertation at approximately 100 pages.	A dissertation is usually 200-300 pages long.
	In a thesis, you build your work on an already existing idea.	In a dissertation, you need to present entirely original hypothesis.
	A thesis involves preliminary research.	A dissertation requires deeper original research.

Despite these differences, theses and dissertations have a lot in common:

You need them to complete a degree.
Both require certain levels of expertise and writing skills.
You defend an argument in both of them.
Plagiarism is prohibited in both theses and dissertations.

🔝 Top 10 Thesis Topics for 2024

The consequences of obesity.
The influence of social media .
Economic development and happiness.
Feminism in the United States.
The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Racism in schools and colleges.
Overeducation in the labor market.
DNA evidence in criminal justice.
Sales forecasting techniques.
Wage difference among athletes.

🎓 Thesis Topics & Ideas

Below, you’ll find a collection of excellent topics for a thesis. To simplify the task, it’s not a bad idea to use a topic chooser. We’ve also prepared a checklist that will help you make the right choice. If you agree with the following statements, you’ve chosen a good thesis topic:

You are interested in this subject. It will be easier for you to work on it if you like your area of research. Remember that you will have to spend long hours looking through various data. You need to stay motivated.
The topic is helpful in your career path. Choose a topic that you can apply to further research if you plan to pursue your career in the academic field. Choose something that you can use in your CV if you decided to work in the industry.
There is enough available research data. Don’t choose a topic that is too trivial or uncommon. It is essential to find enough relevant information. Consult your supervisor to understand if you can proceed with it.
The topic isn’t too broad or too narrow. Otherwise, it will be harder for you to find credible sources and relevant data.
You already have an understanding of it . Make a list of thesis topics that include the issues you have researched before. It will save you some time and allow you to evaluate your opportunities.
Your topic is unique. Make sure there are no other papers that explore exactly the same issue. The value of your work is your original contribution to the research. If somebody has already investigated the topic, there is not much sense in proceeding with it.

The picture shows the main characteristics of a good thesis topic.

Wondering where to find the most current topic for your research? We’ve collected them below.

Computer Science Thesis Topics

Computers surround us everywhere. From hospitals to home offices, it’s impossible to imagine life without them. A doctorate in computer science can allow you many career opportunities!

The latest developments in AI use for healthcare services . Healthcare in the US is expensive for its citizens. One way to reduce the cost is using computer algorithms. This technology research topic lets you explore how AI helps physicians with their tasks.
Computer security for public institutions. Several allegations about hackers stealing data from the US government emerged in recent years. With this dissertation idea, study public cybersecurity. Also, discuss ways to improve cybersecurity practices.
Visual recognition system architecture: real-time object detection. Discuss a system based on neural networks capable of detecting objects. Focus on the virtual environment. You can alter this trending topic in computer science for real-life settings.
Blockchain application outside financial technologies. Analyze and discuss the implications of using blockchain systems outside of the fintech sector. For example, study its use for public services and in government agencies. This topic allows exploring ways of applying established algorithms.
Machine learning and text structures. Discuss ways of visualizing text categorization. Focus on complex hierarchical structures of texts. This topic is suitable for postgraduates.
Encrypted search: security, performance, and usage. Discuss the use of encryptions to protect data. Say how we can improve it for effective information search.
Use of computers in education . Study how algorithms can improve learning. This topic can be altered for other fields. For example, choose AI in business or agriculture.
Graphics and visual computing: current state and the future. By now, CAD programs are an integral part of every engineer’s tool kit. Your thesis can analyze the potential of those programs. What would improve their performance? Is there a chance that they will become obsolete?
Multimedia databases parsing and indexing. Netflix and YouTube require technology to search across their multimedia databases. This dissertation can be a survey on best practices. Or, add a company name to the title and focus your research on it.
AI Marketing: the use of algorithms to improve advertising. In the previous list of research question examples, you can choose a narrow marketing theme. Then, discuss the implications of such algorithms.
Study computation of models for virtual environments .
Cybersecurity challenges for automated vehicles.
AI and vehicle automation: potential safety gaps.
Computer graphics: perspectives for medical imaging.
Research the use of computer algorithms for medical analysis.
Discuss the role of bioinformatics in healthcare improvement.
How is a computer-aided design used in creating automobile parts?
Review the best practices for System Level Testing of distributed systems.
Agile project management for software engineers.
Software development risks analysis for successful employment.
Study the security mechanisms for WLAN networks .
Malicious botnets and network worms: an overview.
What are the best practices in ICT systems development?
Web-based document management systems using XML.
Best algorithms for cluster generation.
Methods for improving Open Web Architecture.
Analyze software solutions for the increased energy efficiency.
Protection of systems against terror attacks: a case study and analysis.
New methods of risk management during software development.
Analyze how Web space requirements are changing.
Analyze how e-publishing is affecting libraries.
New methods for studying the behavior of malware, viruses, and worms with the use of secure programming and runtime environments.
Analyze redundancy and fault recovery in the 4G wireless network.
Analyze the implementation and analysis of the optimal algorithm vs the heuristic algorithm for the generation of clusters.
Analyze how full-text databases affect search engines.

Humanities and Art History Thesis Topics

Do you want to put your passion into words? Would you like to share your ideas with the world? Then pursuing a Ph.D. in the arts or humanities is the right path for you.

The history of cinema : past and present. With this history dissertation topic, focus on how cinema developed. Explore the period starting from the first short films by the Lumiere brothers. Finish the discussion with modern-day Hollywood examples.
Art or commerce: a case study of Hollywood films. Discuss the intersection between artistic expression and profit. This exciting arts topic focuses on modern cinema. You can use examples of art-house movies and modern commercially successful ones.
Hollywood vs. Bollywood . Compare the two distinct film production centers for this art thesis. Next, discuss how local cultures impact Hollywood and Bollywood movies’ direction, genres, and plots.
The use of visual tools in interior design . This dissertation topic is an intersection between arts and computer science. The focus is on how visualization tools help to create design projects.
Racism in the 21st-century literature. Focus on how the narratives about racism have changed. Include examples from poetry and prose of this era. Compare it to works published in the past.
The cultural aesthetic of Afrofuturism in literature. This dissertation idea allows you to explore the intersection of arts. Specifically, see how culture, philosophy of science, and history manifest in Afrofuturism.
The social value of ecopoetry. Analyze how literature that focuses on ecological problems. Discuss environmental consciousness and environmental issues.
Graphic novels: the best examples and implications for the development of literature. What does it mean when literary classics are converted into graphic novels? Incorporate the question if graphic novels can become part of the literary canon.
Theater of the Absurd in the 1950s and 1960s. Discuss this form of theatrical art. Examine how it emerged and why it became influential.
Post World War II art: cinema and literature. Use examples of films and literary works. Discuss major works of the post-WWII era and their themes.
Futurism and the Czech avant-garde : the artistic connection between Europe’s East and West.
Study the phenomenon of the hero archetype.
Assess dancing as a form of meditation.
Review the common elements of various African dances.
Folk dances across Western Europe.
Discuss regional dances and dance as a ritual.
Animation as a modern art form.
Research the art of glass-making and its prospects for the future.
Analyze the cultural impact of The Beatles beyond music.
Literature censorship in the US.
Examine the intersection of ecology and arts.
Heidelberg Project: is it a model for creating art in urban areas?
Study kinetic sculptures of the 20th century.
What characterizes social activism in 20 th -century rock music?
Jazz in the 21st century: a potential for revival.
The history of design in various periods of human existence (the ancient times, the Middle Ages, the Renaissance, etc.).
Design as art.
Philosophy of design.
Separate branches of design ( interior design , car design, toy design, etc.).
Stylistic peculiarities of a certain designer.
Web design as a modern quintessence of design.
Social significance of design.
The birth of Communism as it relates to Stendhal.
The relationship between politics and literature in the 19 th century.
An analysis and case study of artists and art during times of war.
How contemporary art is related to American suffering.
Analyze of how racism relates to the family unit.

List of Science Topics for Your Thesis

A dissertation in science will probably require you to run numerous experiments. Many of them will probably go wrong. But the one that does work might be the next big breakthrough! Find a suitable research theme in the following list of topics:

Bacterial injections for the treatment of cancer tumors. Injecting bacteria into tumors is a fairly new approach to treating cancer. Review the mechanism of action and evaluate the potential of this method for curing cancer.
Computer imagining and AI for cancer detection. Examine how AI-assisted cancer screening improves accuracy. Include early detection implications and usage in hospitals.
Ethics of organ donations and transplantation. With this dissertation topic in science, examine the ethics of encouraging people to donate their organs. Include the implications for medical research and practice.
An epidemiological and molecular approach to cancer prevention. This topic idea suggests assessing the current understanding of how cancer develops as well as potential prevention strategies.
Ways of speeding up vaccine development and testing. The COVID-19 pandemic has shown that the process of vaccine development is relatively slow. It takes a long time to ensure proper testing. You may discuss these issues in your biochemistry dissertation.
The current state of research into ultra-fast rechargeable batteries. The topic of batteries and energy attracts lots of attention. With this topic, you can examine how to improve the design of aluminum-ion batteries. Include ways to decrease their charging time.
Nanotechnologies in drug delivery: electrospraying. Current research shows the great potential of nanotechnologies. In particular, the electrospraying technique makes nanoparticle delivery more efficient.
Prevalence of various Helicobacter Pylori virulence in a population. Conduct quantitative research and examine a sample of patients to determine the number infected with Helicobacter Pylori.
The relationship between gut microbiota and the person’s appetite. Your research can explore the theory that the gut microbiome has varied effects on the person’s body. Review the implications for obesity treatment for different gut microbiomes.
The age of antibiotics: is it over? Examine the use of antibiotics and the reasons for its decline. Discuss the evolving nature of bacteria that require remedies other than antibiotics. Include quantitative data in this dissertation for a specific type of disease.
CRISPR method for studying human DNA.
The study of human evolution: latest discoveries.
Denisovans from Siberia: a new type of hominid discovered.
Study the use of AI in archeology.
Conduct a study of the Neanderthal genome sequence.
What are the ways of improving solar cell efficiency?
The carbon footprint of modern production: how do companies damage the environment?
Research the use of cesium in solar panels.
The era of supercapacitors: are we ending the use of batteries?
Assess the efficiency of Robot Suits for people with permanent paralysis.
Microscale medial robots: potential applications.
Look into stem cell mobilization and its mechanisms.
Discuss the ethics of automated cars.
Space robotics: can we design robots capable of exploring space?
Evaluate the efficiency and potential of lithium-based rechargeable batteries.
Morality and ethics of stem cell research.
Is behavior controlled or affected by genetics and to what level.
A look at methods of improving risk factors post-stroke.
Analyze of Chinese herbal practice and its relevance to conventional medicine.
Analyze the effect schools have on childhood obesity.

New methods of using existing data to gather information that is useful.
An in-depth look at the factors affecting the decline of the immune system with age.
Analyze of the potential effect of nanotechnology on health and the environment.
Analyze of toxicity levels of inhaled nanoparticles.
The usefulness of nanotechnology in curing some types of cancer.
An analysis and case study of the treatment of patients who have experienced a loss of memory.
Analyze the use of DNA typing of remains to identify missing people and the victims of crime.
The response of immune deficiency diseases to the activation of T-cell subsets.
The influence and importance of IT in the field of biomedicine.

Architecture Thesis Topics

Architecture is more than just aesthetics. That’s become especially clear ever since the doctrine “form follows function” gained traction. Whether you’re into baroque or Bauhaus, there’s plenty to discover about architecture.

Religious architecture in the British Empire. Research the transformation of religious buildings and how it affected architecture in general.
Modernist architecture in the USSR at the beginning of the 20th century. Compare modernist architecture in the USSR with other countries.
Urban greening and its influence on buildings’ design. The dissertation proposal can include green roofs as the main point of research.
Brutalism and its history in New York. Provide historical research of brutalism in New York and discuss how it affects modern architecture.
Modern-day aboriginal settlements in Australia. Using examples from media and research, indicate how aboriginal settlements are perceived and handled today.
Transformation of the urban design in the 21st century. Using London, Hong-Kong, and New York as examples, provide an in-depth discussion of changes in the urban design.
The architectural history of Seattle. Conduct research and write a proposal that will compare different architectural styles seen in Seattle.
Integration of culture in environmental design. In this proposal, you can use large cities in Asia as primary examples of the synergy between culture and architecture.
The architecture of residential buildings during the second half of the 20th century. Choose one or several large cities (e.g., Berlin, Miami, Kyoto) as the basis for your research.
The history of Moscow Avant-Garde. Use both Soviet and modern Russian research on Avant-Garde to present the topic accurately.
Use of computer visuals in architecture.
Review the trends in modern furniture design.
Ecology and architecture: integration of green technologies.
Discuss the multiculturalism of contemporary urban architecture.
The history of architecture in urban areas of the US: the study of New York.
Modern city design case study.
Research ways of using wood in modern architecture.
Commercial architecture: aesthetics and usability.
Evaluate the design of municipal buildings in the US.
Creativity in postmodernist architecture.
How do we integrate smart home technology into architecture?
Small scale homes: a study of growing interest in small housing.
Discuss the use of lighting in building design.
Study innovations in structural design in the digital age.
What are the implications of inclusive architecture?
Sustainable architecture: recycling spaces and materials.
Renewable energy in home design.
Assess open concept homes for American families.
Conduct a study of family homes design.
Research architecture suitable for middle-class families.

Thesis Topics in English Literature & World Literature

Was your New Year’s Resolution to re-read the 100 most influential classical works? Then you might want to consider writing a thesis in advanced higher English. Check out these engaging prompts:

In-depth stylistic analysis of The Trial by Franz Kafka . Explain what stylistic devices Kafka used in his story.
The influence of The Hound of the Baskervilles on the development of modern detective stories. Prepare several comparisons of The Hound with modern detective stories to pinpoint its influence.
The Lost Honor of Katharina Blum : women characters in Heinrich Böll’s fiction. Using the book mentioned in the topic, examine how the German writer depicted women in his prose.
Analysis of the terrorism portrayal in modern journalism: The New York Times case study. Pick several articles related to terrorism published in NYT and describe in detail how it is portrayed (keywords, images, etc.).
A formalist approach to Dostoevsky: analysis of The Brothers Karamazov . Provide the reader with an explanation of the formalist approach and use it to analyze the novel.
The depiction of sexual violence in young adult literature. Pick several YA novels published in the 2010s for your research.
The use of repetition in Samuel Beckett’s Waiting for Godot . Analyze how repetition is used for emphasis and other effects in the play.
Feminism and gender in Margaret Atwood’s Cats’ Eye . Review the book from a feminist point of view and discuss how gender issues are presented in the book.
How does Phillip K. Dick use intertextuality in The Man in the High Castle ? Find as many references to other literary and historical sources as you can and elaborate how Dick uses them and for what aims.
The influence of Steppenwolf on postmodern American literature: the contribution of Herman Hesse. Using Steppenwolf as the primary source, discuss what characteristics common for postmodern literature Hesse uses in this novel.
How does racism manifest itself in classical literature?
Discuss the oppression of women in The Handmaid’s Tale.
Gender roles in The Miniaturist and A Doll’s House : a comparison.
Moral ambiguity in David Harrower’s works.
Literary techniques in the Perks of Being a Wallflower.
The setting in The Murder in the Rue Morgue and its influence on the detective genre.
Review the tropes first introduced in The Moonstone.
Study the depictions of police’s work in Skinner’s Rule .
Assess the influence of Victorian Gothic horror on popular culture.
Social criticism in The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo.
Analyze cyberpunk elements in Gibson’s Neuromancer.
Themes of social equality in modern literature.
Research the views on Native American writers in Nature’s Poem.
Critique of contemporary children’s literature .
Gothic elements in Charlotte Bronte’s works.
The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde and Dracula : a comparative analysis.
Terror in The Picture of Dorian Gray .
Examine the connection of mental health and society in J.D. Salinger’s The Catcher in the Rye .
Magical realism and romanticism in Perfume: The Story of a Murderer.
How does the cut-up technique contribute to the narration in William S. Burroughs’ Naked Lunch?

Criminal Justice Thesis Topics

Are you a forensic science student who prefers research to actual police work? In that case, a dissertation in criminology is a great idea. This way, you can work on preventing crime from the comfort of your desk.

Recidivism rates among underage Latino first-time offenders: a quantitative study. Research a group of first-time offenders of a particular age (e.g., 18 to 25 years old).
A comparative analysis of the incidents of gun violence in the USA during the 2010s. Choose several prominent examples and compare them to each other.
Troublesome statements: the role of witnesses in potentially false accusations. In this dissertation, you can write about the unreliability of statements, using documented examples.

The patterns of drug trafficking in Germany’s largest cities: a case study of Berlin and Hamburg. Analyze the changes in these patterns in the 2010s.
Money laundering and corruption in the United States in the 21st century. Using media reports, create dissertation research about corruption schemes.
Mental health and self-perception of second-time sex offenders. Determine if their self-perception changes.
School shootings in the USA: causes and risk factors. Using recent and historical data, analyze the cases of mass shootings.
The influence of cyberbullying on suicide rates among Australian adolescents (13-17 years old). You can base your dissertation report on various research on cyberbullying published in Australian scholarly journals.
Child abuse and its influence on serial killer’s perception of victims. Discuss interconnections between abuse and potential sadistic behavior.
The history of forensic interviewing in the USA. Present research and practices that contributed to its development.
Use of artificial intelligence for forensic investigations.
Criminal behavior at a young age and its implications for the future.
Drug use: pattern of recurring arrests among American youth.
Incarcerated parents: the impact on the child’s perception of crime.
Research the reforms of the US criminal justice system.
Propose strategies for improving the juvenile detention system.
Police officer’s abuse of power: analysis of reports.
Race and criminal justice: the case of War on Drugs.
What are the possible alternative forms of incarceration?
A study of public perception of modern serial killers.
Training of sniffer dogs.
The implications of eyewitness testimony.
Abuse in Hollywood: a case study of Harvey Weinstein.
Bias against African Americans during investigations.
A study of college violence.
Legal implications of medical marijuana legalization .
Ethics of criminal justice: the problem of confidentiality.
Review the challenges linked with domestic violence investigations.
Suggest ways of preventing crimes in schools.
Gender bias during crime examinations.

Geography Thesis Topics

If you enjoy unveiling Earth’s secrets, this section is for you. Here you’ll find geography dissertation ideas ranging from studies of movement to regional phenomena.

Species that became extinct in the 20th century: qualitative research. Address the human influence on various species.
Current issues in the exploration of Arctic. Discuss difficulties and specifics of such explorations.
A comparison of urban back gardens in the USA and the UK. You can compare their design and other features (for example, vegetation used for decoration).
The causes and outcomes of floodings in the USA in the 2010s. Address climate change as one of the leading causes.
Prevention of ecosystem changes with modern technology. Provide various examples of how technology is used to sustain ecosystems.
Changes in travel destinations in the 2000s: a comparison of the USA and Canada. Demonstrate what changes in preferences were documented in these countries and show what destinations were especially popular.
The perception of environmentally friendly technologies and their impact on the environment by citizens of large metropolitan areas: a case study of Miami. Explain how various projects based on environmentally friendly technologies are launched in Miami.
A negative impact of global warming on weather conditions in Iceland. Discuss how tourism in Iceland is affected by these changes.
The influence of industrialization on climate change. Address the causes of climate change, using industrialization and its consequences as a basis.
Compare Greenfield and Brownfield land use for construction projects.
Investigate the significance of red salmon for Kamchatka.
The social impact of climate change : a study of migration patterns.
The potential of community gardening in underprivileged neighborhoods.
Study the link between the strengths of hurricanes and climate change.
What can be done to stop gentrification in your community?
Evaluate coastal tourism, its effect, and implications.
The impact of reservoir locations on water quality.
How did industrialization affect the development of Chicago?
Study soil pollution levels in your community area.
Conduct an analysis of air quality in your city.
Eco-tourism, its history, and perspectives.
Differences in soil chemistry across several locations.
The impact of organic farming on water quality in your area.
Compare the sustainability of organically vs. conventionally farmed tomatoes.
Research air pollution levels and data on airborne illnesses in your area.
What’s the relationship between rock climbing and cliff vegetation?
Study the changes in soil fertility upon volcanic eruption.
How does the Chernobyl disaster continue to affect the surrounding area?
Determine the patterns of floods in a particular area of your choice.

Sociology Thesis Ideas

Sociology studies how humans live together. A dissertation is a great way to dive deeper into a particular subject. You can get as specific as your heart desires! Check out our sociology thesis topics:

Single parent stigma and its influence on family’s quality of life and parent-child relationships. Present examples from recent research that illustrate how the dynamics of these relationships change over time due to stigma.
Women empowerment in Saudi Arabia in 2000s: breakthroughs and challenges. Discuss how this empowerment affected legislation and women’s rights.
Long-term alcohol addiction and self-perception in young adults. With the help of research, demonstrate whether self-perception of these adults transforms significantly due to their addiction.
Adoption and its influence on parent-child relationships. Present and discuss challenges that such families face.
Comparison of traditions related to family dinners in the USA and the UK. What specific differences are there and how can they be explained?
Influence of the emo culture on suicide rates in high school students. Address the influence of such cultures on adolescents’ behavior.
The rates of secularization in elderly individuals living in urban and rural areas. Compare the rates and explain why they are different.
Influence of forced outing on transgender individuals and concomitant changes in their quality of life. Explain the effects of forced outing and why this impact is dangerous.
Comparison of anti-nuclear movements in Germany and Japan in the 21st century. Explain in detail what differences and similarities are prominent.
Performance rates of teenagers in schools in low-income neighborhoods: a case study of Boston schools. When writing your dissertation proposal, consider various factors (poverty, limited access to technology, etc.) that affect performance rates of these teenagers.
Black Lives Matter movement’s immediate impact on racism.
Research causes of minority bias in the US.
Affirmative action and its impact on the perception of varied racial groups.
The impact of religion on people’s attitudes towards race.
Review the challenges of the US LGBT community.
Bias towards transgender studies.
Social activism against gender discrimination in the 21st century.
The impact of social assistance in schools on a child’s future.
Research the changes in education after WWII.
Analyze scholarship policies in the US.
The impact of student debt on youth’s perception of education in the US.
Outcomes of public vs. private schools: a comparison.
Research the preservation of culture in American immigrant families.
Applying Marx’s conflict theory to social justice movements.
Assess changing trends in social norms in a country of your choice.
Attitudes towards prejudice among people of different social backgrounds.
Comparison of women’s rights in Western and Middle Eastern countries.
The impact of capitalism on one’s social values.
How does capitalism benefit society across multiple post-soviet countries?
Compare healthcare access in autocracies vs. democracies.

💡 Dissertation Topics for Ph.D. students

Below you’ll find a list of excellent dissertation ideas in different fields of study. They are more difficult than thesis topics and require more research. Jump to the section that interests you and find the topic that suits you best! But first:

What Makes a Good Ph.D. Topic?

Usually, universities would expect your dissertation to be original and relevant in the field of the research. Moreover, it would be worthwhile if it has the potential to make a change.

This checklist will help you see whether you’ve made the right choice. Your dissertation topic is good, if:

You have an opportunity to research it fully. You need to know that there is enough data and a theoretical basis. Do some prior research to understand if you will be able to answer all your dissertation questions.
You can fill the gaps in the existing knowledge. Your research matters if you can provide some new information that contributes to the field of your studies.
Your dissertation title is catchy. Try to make it worth the reader’s attention from the first glance.
You can evaluate how much time you need. It is vital to understand all the stages of your research and the challenges you might face to plan your work.
You know the subject well. You will need to explore your topic in-depth. It’s good to have some previous knowledge about it. Starting the research from the very basics will take more time and effort.
You have enough resources to investigate it. Both time and money matter in this case. You need to do high-quality research and meet your deadlines.

Dissertation Topics in Education

Learning is a lifelong experience, and the importance of schools cannot be overestimated. Research in this area is critical to improving education standards. Have a look at these topic ideas to get inspired:

Gamification as tools for enhancing learning abilities: theory and practice. Many studies have been conducted on different learning approaches. For young learners, engagement is as critical as the outcome. Therefore, this work focuses on gamification and its effect on children’s improvisation and learning.
Studying the connection between classroom quality and the learning outcome in kindergarten. Children are strongly affected by their environment, especially when it comes to learning. This dissertation topic example is all about looking into different classroom settings and their effect on kids’ learning outcomes.
Evaluating the process of implementation of inclusive education in the US. Professionals argue that inclusive education carries multiple benefits for all students (not just those with limited abilities.) However, it is quite a challenging process to implement all the changes.
Factors influencing the decision to transfer to the higher education abroad. In this work, you can focus on finding out the reasons for such a decision. Why do undergraduate students choose to leave their home country? What are the most important factors?
Online education vs. traditional face-to-face lessons for adult learners: compare and contrast. Online courses have their own benefits. However, would adult learners prefer them to in-person classrooms? How does it affect their learning and motivation?
How does working as a taxi driver and navigating change a person’s brain?
To what extent can reality television be disempowering for students?
The role of homework in the lives of immigrant adolescents.
The impact of teachers’ shocking behaviors in fostering students’ creativity.
The determinants of flossing behavior in college students .
The classification of drinking styles in the college-age population.
Integrating the computer into the curriculum: why you can’t simply plug it in.
The preconditions for serious music-making avocation in computer science students.
Adult graduate difficulties with learning new technologies.
The effect of academic performance on the health of students.
The impact of mathematic coaching on students’ self-esteem .
The influence of internet on the emotional maturity of students.
Academic achievements of students who decide to become teachers.
Is it true that students are more likely to do homework given by good-looking professors?
Informal learning in rural areas via social networks.
Educational blogging for professors: the social networks of educationists.
Does learning existentialism cause suicides?
Is it possible to reduce summer learning loss without students’ consent?
Can we reject classical math and do it at the same time? Yes, we can.
What are major career prospects with a degree in Liberal Arts?
Using electronic games in museums as an effective education tool.

Business Dissertation Topics

There are many things a business administrator should keep in mind. Finances, marketing, and development are just the tip of the iceberg. So, the choice of topics is practically endless. Check out this selection to narrow down the possibilities:

How are business strategies adjusted to the globalization process? Small businesses’ perspective. Globalization means huge and profitable opportunities. To seize them, all businesses and companies should make some changes in their strategies. Investigate what would be the best action plan for them.
Cultural changes and the effect of feedback in an international company: a case study. Choose a multinational company. Study the impact of feedback (both from the employees and customers) on its organizational culture changes. What reaction does it provoke in the company?
Human resource management approaches in international non-profit organizations. In this study, look into the strategies HR managers apply in non-profit organizations. One of their main responsibilities is to monitor the performance of the employees. However, at the international level it becomes more difficult.
Leadership and organizational culture in making decisions about business strategies. In this research, you study the influence of the organizational culture on leaders. In the case of trying to initiate changes in the business strategy, how is a leadership decision taken?
The role of “foreign direct investment” in companies in developing countries: a case study of a large business. For this paper, pick a suitable company first. Aim for large companies in developing countries. Then conduct research and find out what strategies they have for foreign direct investments.
COVID-19 pandemic’s effect on workplace management in small businesses . The COVID-19 pandemic caused many companies to readjust their HR policies. For instance, they allowed their staff to work from home. Research this phenomenon in your thesis.
Social entrepreneurship for large companies. If you want to make the world a better place, social entrepreneurship is a suitable method. We usually associate it with small start-ups. But what about large companies? With this topic, you can research how the concept works for big firms.
How innovation affects demand in technology-driven businesses. This MBA dissertation topic combines business studies and technology. Examine how companies create products for establishing markets.
Management strategies in times of COVID-19: a case study. The pandemic has forced companies to use Zoom , Skype, and messaging instead of regular meetings. Review how executives can apply traditional management models in the digital space.
The impact of burnout on employees. Interview staff members and determine how burnout affects performance. Include the name of a company or industry in your dissertation’s title.
Tourism management in the Middle East.
How do natural disasters impact the demand for essentials?
Compare and contrast Asian and American leadership styles.
How does fluctuation in the stock market impact business operations?
The art of delegation: how to do it effectively and when to avoid it.
How can one efficiently lead a company when unforeseen circumstances occur?
What factors determine employees’ work satisfaction?
Study the link between a company’s success and innovation.
What can business managers do to bridge the gap between generations?
Research the benefits of global and local brand management.
What causes changes in Chinese business culture?
Choose a small business and analyze its strategy.
Organizational changes : what factors impact transformation?
Internet banking : barriers to usage.
Create a business plan that is focused on a specific issue.
Conditions necessary for quality management in MNCs.
The role of E-commerce for food retailers.
Conduct a case study with the purpose to analyze one or several social phenomena.
Workplace ethics in small businesses.
The phenomenon of remote working and how it is affecting businesses.
Comparison of Generation X and the Millennial Generation.
Managing the Millennial Generation.
Current trends in consumer behavior in relation to advertising.
Analyze which countries margin financing is effective and why.
Analyze the macroeconomic factors affecting exchange rates.
An empirical analysis of the impact of organizational performance and leadership .

Law Dissertation Topics for Ph.D. Students

Legal science is not dull as one may think. It’s crucial to evaluate laws at any point in time. Do they fit the current norms? Does something or someone need more protection than before? If you want to garnish your legal education with a Ph.D., here are some topic suggestions:

Trust law: the circumstances when fully secret and half-secret trusts are necessary. Find out what are the principles that dictate the enforcement of the trusts. There are specific circumstances that determine whether creating trusts would be adequate and relevant. Make sure to take them into consideration.
Termination of employment in case of employees tested positive for HIV/AIDS. Your task would be to conduct research and see how HIV/AIDS employees are influenced in the workplace. The most common issues are discrimination and termination of employment.
The influence of the Global War on Terrorism on international criminal law. When the US launched the campaign against terrorism in 2001, international criminal law faced some changes. You can study the most significant changes that have been made.
The level of effectiveness of the US copyright law in relation to the rights of users. It’s an empirical research topic that would require collecting lots of data. Try to find some cases when the users were left cheated by copyright law. It would bring some diversity to the research and make it more interesting.
Study the effect that the US immigration policy has on education right now. Educational institutions are also required to adjust to changes connected with immigration. Different requirements and different curriculums are implemented to fit their needs. You are about to look into this issue.
Select a country and analyze its worker protection laws. Compare the rights and obligations of employees in two countries of your choice. What potential improvements can solidify employee rights?
Protection of minorities, legal precedents. Minority rights are becoming more and more relevant. This topic allows you to discuss how laws can be changed to reflect it.
Regulation of cryptocurrency. Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies allow for anonymity. Besides, they are not regulated by any state. In your thesis, you can analyze cryptocurrency regulations.
Fake news : legal responsibility. Review how the United States legal system approaches disinformation. Focus on false publications on news resources. Another possible topic is improvements to defamation laws.
Freedom of expression : a case during a pandemic. This topic is about false information in times of COVID-19. Examine how a state can balance freedom of expression with the spread of false information. Focus on this disease and the fake news about it.
Legal practices for preventing possible future pandemics.
Research ways of online journalism protection.
International law vs. the right to self-determination: comparative case studies of de facto states.
Review the history of fiscal laws in America.
Limits to freedom of expression in the US legal system.
Enforcing regulations concerning domestic violence.
Study criminal responsibility for drug possession in the US.
Criminalization of violence against women.
Review the legal framework for addressing foreign involvement in elections.
What was the government response to the COVID-19 pandemic?
Health standards for immigrant detention centers in the US.
Research the loopholes in the US immigration laws.
Birthright citizenship in the US: pros and cons.
1951 Refugee Convention: is it obsolete?
Illegal immigrants and their rights in the US justice system.
How criminal laws have been impacted around the world by the war on terror.
Choose a country and analyze their policies on discrimination.
Evaluate the protection given to minority shareholders as dictated by company law.
Provide a critical analysis of the law of omissions liability.
Investigate and analyze complaints filed in the criminal justice system.
A critical analysis of the reform of homicide laws.
The morality and impact of euthanasia and how Canada sets a precedent.
A detailed analysis of gender and race profiling of suspects in the criminal justice system.
Analyze the right to bear arms relative to the context in which the law was written into The Constitution.
Create case studies that represent a review of criminal negligence related to the Corporate Manslaughter and Corporate Homicide Act 2007.

Psychology Dissertation Topics

The mysterious ways of the human mind offer many research opportunities. Psychology encompasses sub-fields such as behavior and cognition. Whatever your area of expertise, you’ll undoubtedly find something interesting in the list below.

The current effect of the “price ending” method on the consumers’ behavior . Nowadays, everybody knows the most popular trick that shops pull to make customers buy the products. However, does understanding it make it easier to resist it? Is this psychological trap still working?
Burnout at the executive positions in massive US corporations: is it possible to prevent? The phenomenon of burnout is the most common issue that employees face nowadays. But there are ways to detected it at an early stage. Could they be used to predict and prevent this problem?
Mindfulness practices and their influence on students’ learning abilities at the top universities (e.g., Harvard). Mindfulness is proved to be extremely useful in overcoming stress and anxiety issues. However, does it affect the learning outcome of the students who study at the best universities in the world?
The individual struggles with gender issues and their impact on global gender inequality. Everything always starts with a small thing. For this paper, study the relation between some individual cases and the global issue. How do personal struggles contribute to the worldwide movement for justice?
The positive influence of irrational beliefs on mental well-being. In psychology, irrational beliefs are a set of values and opinions that people believe in despite rational evidence against them. However, what positive effect can they bring?
Ways of raising awareness of mental health problems. Mental health has been discussed more openly in recent years. Review how this open discussion affects views on personal mental health. As another idea for a psychology dissertation topic, research a specific illness.
Student burnout and ways to prevent it. Focus on the problems students face and what strategies can reduce their stress.
Pandemic and mental health. The COVID-19 pandemic forced many people to be in isolation from social contacts. Review the potential effects of this practice on people’s well-being. Discuss possible strategies for supporting mental health during possible future pandemics.
Weight, self-image, and mental health. A clinical psychology thesis can focus on the psychology behind excess weight. Discuss how weight affects a person’s perception of self. Assess implications for clinical psychologists who work with overweight patients.
Social media vs. reality: normalizing real people. Review current efforts of social media accounts in normalizing body image. Explain how this can reverse the damage that edited photos have on mental health.
How does gender bias affect mental health in America?
What factors affect women’s self-esteem in the workplace?
Specifics of transgender mental health.
Research the effect of immigration on mental well-being.
Study the psychology of racism and ways to combat it.
What distinguishes the mental health of minorities in the US?
Research the psychology of dissent in the Soviet Union.
The connection between stress and overeating: latest developments.
Assess the role of social support for losing weight.
What’s the role of prejudice in politics?
Assess the role of endurance in combating stress.
Developing hardiness: strategies and exercises.
What’s the effect of emotional resilience on mental health?
Helping teenagers overcome stress via relaxation techniques.
Look into the perception of anger and its effect on mental health.
Understanding the function of the prefrontal cortex in terms of how it is connected to other parts of the brain.
Understanding how the prefrontal cortex makes us human.
How emotional and anxiety disorders are connected to social cognition that is impaired.
Analyze the ability of an MRI to determine brain function.
Analyze the relationship between emotional and episodic memory.
A comparison of the plasticity of the child’s brain and the adult brain.
Analyze the continued relevance of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development.
An in-depth look at the social intuitionist model and how it relates to the emotion and reason involved in moral judgement.
How the evolution of the human brain can be understood in terms of children cognitive development.
A demonstration of the multi-dimensional nature of schizophrenia.
How rational thinking and impulse contribute to decision-making.
A systematic analysis and review of the psychology of religion.
How exposure to nature affects happiness.

Nursing Dissertation Topics

A nurse’s work is hard. Unfortunately, they rarely get the credit they deserve. With a Ph.D., you could become an advocate on the problem. Or you could concentrate on optimizing their work environments.

Exercise, changes in lifestyle , and self-tracking for diabetes prevention and management. Center your research on different lifestyle changes (exercise, reduced smoking and drinking) and explain how and why it prevents diabetes.
Influence of stigma related to HIV/AIDS on representatives of ethnic minorities: a case study of Native Americans. Using research, provide compelling evidence of how Native Americans are stigmatized and discriminated against.
Chronic illness management at home: recommended evidence-based practices. Using current nursing and other professional research, discuss how adults and seniors manage chronic and autoimmune diseases.
Depression and stress and their relation to preterm births in first-time mothers. Collect several articles about the issue and using their conclusions show how depression causes preterm births.
Burnout in nurses: factors that cause it and practical solutions for prevention. Present outcomes of burnout (decreased performance and concentration, subpar workplace environment) and illustrate how it affects hospitals on a more significant scale.
Public health: community-based measures to prevent morbid obesity. In this research, you can list various methods that include exercise and education and explain in detail how they prevent the spread of obesity.
Risk factors and injury rates in psychiatric nursing. Present statistics on different types of injuries in psychiatric institutions.
Cultural diversity and inclusion in nursing education. When researching diversity, make sure you are using examples of different minority groups’ perception of education.
Euthanasia legislation in the USA: ethical issues and debates. Provide a thoughtful discussion of ethical and legal issues surrounding euthanasia.
Organizational climate and its influence on perceived patient safety. Your study should focus on the importance of positive relationships between staff members, and its influence on the prevention of medical errors.
Dietary practices and their influence on the quality of life in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. SLE is a complex disease that requires a multidisciplinary approach. Describe nutritional research approaches to SLE.
Fluoride application training in dental nursing.
Describe the specifics of nursing care for patients with diabetes.
Assess gender disparity in nursing research.
Study nurse burnout prevalence in neonatal care in your community.
Nursing staff advising DASH diet: effects on patients’ blood pressure.
What are the challenges of asthma management for nurses?
Nursing for autistic patients: the best strategies.
Racial differences in nursing care: a case study.
Evaluate nurses’ role in pain management for patients with dementia.
Study the connection between nursing staff turnover and burnout.
How is the role of a nurse changing in the modern healthcare system?
Review nursing practices for managing elderly patients.
A holistic approach to obesity management in nursing.
Describe the specifics of nursing in rural areas.
Physical activity and mental health: a nursing case study.
Discuss nursing pain relief strategies for general care.
Determine the ethical implications of nursing malpractice.
Nurses consultations for spinal cord injuries.
Nursing in an urban setting: challenges and prospects.
What are the specifics of pain management in obstetrical nursing?

Marketing Dissertation Topics

Good marketing is what made you buy that product you didn’t know you needed. Marketing needs plenty of scientific research for it to be successful. You can contribute to this effort with one of the following topic ideas:

Compare and contrast the effectiveness of traditional and digital marketing in the last five years. Marketing moves towards digital campaigns more and more every year. Though, traditional marketing still exists, of course. Your task is to compare every aspect of these two types in the span of the previous five years.
The specifics of the relationship marketing and its influence on the loyalty rates among customers: a case study of fast-food chains. Take a few fast-food chains to conduct this research. Then analyze their relationship marketing strategies. There should be a correlation between the methods they use and the loyalty of their customers.
Direct marketing and artificial intelligence: how do companies use it? The industry of marketing couldn’t have missed the opportunity to use the latest technologies for their benefit. Artificial intelligence helps some companies gain a competitive advantage. Find out what those benefits are.
Collectivism and individualism : how does culture influence supermarkets? There are some apparent differences in cultures when it comes to shopping. Each shop owner has to implement a specific marketing strategy for targeting the customers. Work on aspects that make those strategies successful in different cultures.
The strategies that make personalized products sell effectively. Everybody loves customized products, but it seems like not everybody is willing to share their data to get it. Therefore, businesses are forced to work it out. This research looks into marketing tools and methods they use to sell personalized products.
Influence of online shopping apps on impulsive buying behavior . Using prominent examples such as Amazon and eBay, elaborate how apps affect customer’s decision to purchase an item through recommendations.
Product design and its impact on consumer’s purchase decision. When preparing this thesis topic, consider using examples of large corporations such as Apple or IKEA to prove your point.
Customer loyalty : the importance of satisfaction and loyalty programs. Conduct research using available surveys on satisfaction and draw conclusions from these statistics.
Ethnic differences and their impact on brand perception. This research can review the types of products that target White or Black Americans specifically.
Preferences for green products: analysis of the income’s influence on consumer decisions. Compare what households are more likely to prefer green products.
Shopping habits of Muslim consumers in the USA: qualitative research. Here, you will need to do research by engaging Muslim Americans in your study; you can use interviews or surveys for this topic.
Social media and its impact on the promotion of small business. Make sure your reader understands how social media can promote or negatively present small business through customers’ comments.
Does globalization make preferences of customers from different socioeconomic backgrounds similar? Interview people from lower, middle, and upper class and discuss the preferences of American households.
Social media usage by international companies: a case study of Electronic Arts. Study the influence of customers’ reviews and opinions on EA’s sales.
Consumers’ perception of transaction safety in online shopping applications. Discuss how consumers learn to differentiate between reliable and unreliable apps for payments .
Marketing high tech products: a case study.
Study changing marketing techniques during the COVID-19 pandemic.
The future of big data uses in marketing.
Conduct a comparative analysis of offline vs. online advertising .
Explore the relationship between marketing strategies and sales.
Holiday marketing strategies in the 21st century.
Is marketing tailed towards model devices effective?
Study the rise of influencer marketing.
Review the newest trends in digital advertising.
Brand management in 2020: an analysis.
Assess the effect of advertising on consumer behavior.
Targeted ads: are they efficient?
How did marketing change during the COVID-19 pandemic?
Assess brand management’s contribution to consumer loyalty.
Impact of social media marketing on brand perception.
Google Analytics insights for marketing campaigns.
Marketing for minority populations.
Youtube marketing: the effectiveness of videos for brand promotion.
How does partnering with influencers impact brand perception?
Social influencer marketing for SMEs.

History Dissertation Topics

History is written not only by the victors but also by history students. Your dissertation can shine a light on understudied cultures. Or perhaps you want to focus on how a specific event impacted the world. Find inspiration among the following dissertation questions and ideas:

The historical context of the creation of Guernica by Pablo Picasso . War wasn’t the only inspiration for Pablo Picasso during the process of making Guernica . In this paper, you would look into the environment of the artist and try to identify what else brought him to the creation of this masterpiece.
Bismarck and radical nationalism: what influenced the political state? For this research, you would study the underlying reasons for German Nazism before the beginning of World War II. What factors gave it a start when Otto von Bismarck was in charge?
The rise of Bollywood: historical context. This paper focuses on the success of Indian Bollywood movies in the 1930s. You would need to look into the events that made those movies famous in the whole world. Don’t forget to mention the social views of Bollywood movies.
The influence of secrecy in the technology intervention during World War II. You would study the role that the US Patent and Trademark Office played in the development of special war technology . Secrecy helped to keep it away from the public and enemies. How did it influence the war?
Italian prisons in the 19th century: how were they managed after Unification? This paper would require you to study documentation on the management system prison used in Italy at the beginning of the 19th century. You should try to find some practices that might have been socially harmful.
Gender perceptions in the Middle Age. When preparing the dissertation, use both historical and literary sources to show how gender was presented.
Secularization in the American South during the post-war period. Provide a detailed discussion of secular societies forming in the South after the 1940s.
Representation of Jewish history in contemporary art: a case study of Art Spiegelman’s Maus . Using the comic book as the primary basis, explain how Jewish culture and history are presented there.

Quote by Elie Wiesel: “In Jewish history there are no coincidences.”

The history of medieval warfare and its influence on Modern Era warfare . When constructing this thesis, make sure you are using both historical and current research to provide details.
American-British relations during the Cold War Era . Explain how the Cold War Era changes these relations and what has affected it the most.
Germany’s foreign relations during the 1980s. Present a detailed overview of different foreign relations (e.g., with the USA, the USSR, the UK) Germany had during this period.
The financial crisis in the USA in 2007-2009. Using research and media sources, explain to the reader how the crisis is still affecting the USA.
The development of Austrian identity after World War II. In this case, you can use both historical evidence and Austrian literature that provides personal opinions of writers and artists on the issue.
The impact of the Great Depression on the American involvement in the World War II. To show your understanding of historical processes, demonstrate how the Great Depression affected the USA’s perception of WWII.
How I stopped worrying and learned to love the bomb: the development of nuclear warfare in the 20th century. Discuss the development of nuclear warfare in the USA and the USSR.
What was the role of China in the Cold War?
How did the Spanish Flu affect the pandemics that followed it?
Determine the influence of the stock market crash in 1929 on the World Wars.
First Battle of Marne’s impact on the outcomes of WWI.
Tool usage and creation: Aztecs vs. Mayas.
How did the enlightenment philosophy impact the development of the natural sciences?
The effects of Christianization in sub-Saharan Africa.
Assess the role of slavery in the US civil rights movement.
Study the history of LGBT rights establishment in the US.
What are the origins of slavery in Africa?
The Moon Landing and its impact on space exploration.
Explore the role of the Bible in Jewish history.
The US’ involvement in WWII.
The aftermath of WWII: major historical events.
Research the link between the Mexican-American War and the Gold Rush.
Cold War insights: lessons from the Suez Crisis.
Explore the role of democratization in the Soviet Union collapse.
Global cooperation in early modern Europe.
Study the legacy of the arms race.
How did the First Ladies influence life in the 20th century America?

Dissertation Topics in Management

Companies and employees alike benefit from well-thought-out management strategies. So, a thesis in management has the potential to improve work environments even further. Kickstart your research by choosing one of the following topics:

Ecotourism in Canada: issues and trends in small business. Explain issues that arise in ecotourism with climate change.
Management ethics: how social media affects employees’ privacy and organizational climate. Present examples of negative and positive influence.
Leadership styles: a comparison of democratic and autocratic leadership. Discuss what leadership style should be chosen to rule various companies, depending on their business plan.
Political risk and its influence on emergency management. Explain how political crises affect and shape emergency management.
Cultural diversity and its impact on employees’ satisfaction and commitment. Show what advantages and disadvantages there are in cultural diversity.
Economic growth and unemployment rates in Australia during the 1990s: a historical perspective. Explain the causes of economic growth and unemployment.
Challenges in human resources management working with millennials: qualitative research. Discuss what particular challenges HR managers face and how they can be addressed.
The significance of organizational routines in international corporations: a case study of Google. Conduct research on the importance of routine and its impact on performance.
Computer skills and management: the effectiveness of computerized management information system in rural areas. Describe how digital management can be effectively applied in companies working in rural areas.
The history of digital rights management in the USA. Present the changes in the field during the 1990s-2010s.
Analyze the best leadership styles for SMEs.
Examine the changes entrepreneurship underwent in the past decades.
How do leadership styles relate to work satisfaction?
Overview of business negotiation methods using technology.
Ways of integrating corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices.
Discuss the specifics of airline companies’ management.
Choose a theory of motivation in the workplace and make a case study on it.
Study change management in SMEs in times of a crisis.
Managing diverse workforce: a qualitative analysis.
Use of employee voice in US companies.
Research the relationship between the organization’s goals and a manager’s behavior.
What are the best current practices in public administration?
Applying strategic human capital principles in practice.
The study of female CEOs in a country of your choice.
Employees’ perception of change management : a quantitative analysis.
A study of employees’ resistance to change.
What’s the correlation between a CEO’s leadership traits and employee motivation ?
Workplace risk management : a study of psychosocial hazards.
Conduct a quantitative study of the gender pay gap for CEOs.
Research the relationship between management style and employee productivity .

Qualitative Dissertation: Ideas for Proposals

If you want your thesis to be more practical, you’ve come to the right section. Common approaches for qualitative dissertations include researching case studies, surveys, or ethnographies. Because of this, fieldwork will be an integral part of your doctorate journey.

A comparison of teaching techniques that targeted children with autism in the 20th and 21st centuries. Provide a detailed overview of techniques and explain how research affected them.
The development of cognitive-behavioral therapy and its effectiveness in patients with eating disorders. Present the history of CBT and use recent research to demonstrate its effectiveness.
Ageism and sexism in international organizations of the fashion industry. Describe how the fashion industry defines what it means to be “young and beautiful.”
Addressing sexual harassment at the workplace : the influence of organizational policies on targets’ decision to file a complaint. Explain what policies can support the target and what can prevent such decision.
Strategies to eliminate bias in self-evaluation reports of employees. Using research in HRM, outline the best strategies that are currently used to avoid bias.
Post-cancer therapy: issues and trends. Present and discuss various trends, the research behind them, and the effectiveness of different types of therapy.
A family history of abuse and its influence on drug use in adults. Explain how abuse can provoke addiction in the future.
The importance of trusting doctor-patient relationships on patient’s medication adherence and management of a healthy lifestyle. Describe how such relationships negatively or positively affect a patient’s decision to take medicine as prescribed.
Barriers to the acquisition of social support among young men and women veterans in the USA. Discuss mental and physical disorders as major barriers.
Single mothers’ perceptions of breastfeeding in public places: qualitative research. Conduct interviews to find out their opinion.
The impact of online learning on student’s academic performance.
A study of the youths’ perception of learning smartphone applications.
Research the issue of gender bias in college education.
Student’s perception of the mental health support and impact on campus.
Perceptions of charter school education in the 21 st century.
Discuss homeschooling and its effect on a child’s socialization.
What’s the impact of cyberbullying on teenagers’ mental health?
How inmates perceive alternative forms of incarceration.
Gun violence from the perspective of victims.
Research bias towards video games as an art form.
In what ways are minorities disadvantaged in America?
Evaluate cooking as a therapeutic exercise.
Assess the link between a principal’s leadership style and the school’s rating.
The effect of online counseling on patients’ mental health.
Perception of mental health stigma among students.
How does gig economy re-define work?
The implications of freelancing in the 2020s.
Opinions about a 6-day work week in your community.
Assess the process of adaptation to working from home.
Conduct a research study of views on the BLM movement outside the US.

Quantitative Dissertation Proposal Topics

Some scholars just love working with data. Are you one of them? Then you’ll probably enjoy quantitative research. If you’re into finding patterns and making predictions, here are some enticing topics:

A study of a major city’s livability index. Choose a city and assess whether it’s well-designed or not.
A quantitative study of biofilms in technology. Discuss methods of using biofilms in technology. Include a list of recent advances and new tools.
A quantitative study of teachers’ perception of online learning. This topic prompts you to use an evaluation scale.
An assessment of a link between product reviews and intention to purchase. Study the effect online reviews have on potential customers.
Immigration and its connection to crime statistics. Analyze data on immigration to the US and the number of violent crimes. Determine the relationship between the two phenomena.
The relationship between obesity and occupation. Assess the BMIs of participants of different professions. Then, test the results for a correlation and discuss its implications.
A relationship between nurses’ knowledge of diabetes management and patient satisfaction. Assess the nurses’ knowledge about diabetes and compare the results with patient satisfaction scores. Thus, you can determine if expertise translates into better care.
A study of the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on SMEs financial operations. With this qualitative dissertation proposal in business and management, choose a small company. Analyze its financial data pre- and post-pandemic. Include a discussion of financial management during pandemics.
A study of millennials’ pet ownership. Determine the percentage of millennials who have pets. Compare these patterns with previous generations.
Economic growth and urbanization. Compare the empirical data about the state of economics and the number of people living in cities.
Determine how urbanization affects bacterial community compositions.
The economic impact of immigration on SMEs.
Study the rates of crimes in the US in relation to nonviolent crimes.
How do various teaching styles affect learning?
Compare overconfidence in CEOs of SMEs and corporations.
How does inclusive language influence social behavior?
Assess consumers’ satisfaction with online banking in your area.
Evaluate crude oil price prediction methods.
Is there a link between smartphone use and mental illness?
Correlation between eyewitness identification and memory.
What are the attitudes towards AI development among women?
Determine the rates of cybercrimes since the 1990s.
A study of the police brutality cases across the US in the last decade.
Correlation between education level and employment.
The presence of sleep disorders in mental illnesses.
Assess the attitudes towards medical care in the US.
Determine the correlation between eating disorders and physical illness.
Study the rates of cyberbullying among minority students.
How various religious groups influence politics : a game-theoretical approach.
Does regular exercise decrease symptoms of depression in adults?

Dissertation Topics in Educational Leadership

Educational leadership is a science focused on helping students to achieve their academic goals. It includes the motivation of staff and learners, improvement of educational programs, and creation of a healthy, productive environment in institutions. Want to dedicate your research to it? Take a look at these topic samples:

Fatigue among American medical students. Medical students often need to memorize and analyze big portions of information. That is why many of them don’t sleep enough, get tired quickly, and find it hard to concentrate. What can be done about it?
How did the COVID-19 pandemic and distance learning affect students’ motivation? Online education has multiple benefits and drawbacks. Some students might find it easier to get access to various textbooks online. Others want to return to campus. What is their motivation?
Creating better learning conditions on campus: the challenges in 2022. With the increasing speed of technological progress, it is hard to catch up with the latest innovations. Explore them in your dissertation. For instance, you can focus on facilities for students with special needs.
How can we enhance discipline among first-year students on campus? For some younger students, it is hard to get used to living on their own. They need to accept new responsibilities, find time to take care of themselves, and organize their lives. How can we help them?
Development of soft skills among undergraduate students. For future employers, soft skills are as important as hard skills. That is why colleges need to pay attention to soft skills such as time management, communication, and creativity.
The efficiency of workshops for enhancing students’ creativity.
Do nutrition habits influence the studying process?
The importance of mental health care in high school.
What leadership styles are the most efficient in college communities?
Does the implementation of early childhood education lead to further academic success?
What is the role of school counseling among teenagers?
What psychological factors make students drop out of college?
Developing leadership qualities among MBA students.
How to help college athletes to cope with psychological and physical pressure.
Ways of reducing anxiety levels among criminology students.
Helping students to choose their majors and find a career path.
How to enhance communication between higher education administration and students?
Motivating students to succeed after graduation .
Why do we need psychology classes in high school?
How can we prevent the bullying of Latin American students in middle and high school?

✅ How to Choose a Thesis Topic: Main Steps

In case you have no idea where to start from, here is a quick guideline on how to choose a Ph.D. thesis topic:

	Check every tiny detail. Sometimes the only restrictions would be time and word count. Some universities might restrict your topic choice within your field of study.
	In case you don’t have to stick to a specific area, feel free to play around and find what you like. However, it is better if it’s something you’re familiar with. Starting your dissertation from scratch is not the best idea.
	It will give you a boost of inspiration. Don’t forget to take notes! You might come across some unsolved issues that can interest you.
	Adjust your topic so that it would be specific enough. However, be careful and don’t overdo it! Otherwise, you won’t have enough data to work with.
	Consider the methods of data collection, as well as approaches for analyzing it. It’s not unusual to combine different types, so don’t worry if you can’t decide on just one.
	What change can your work bring into this world? Perhaps it can contribute to the academic field or is practical enough to help with real-life issues. Or, maybe, it carries a social relevance and can change our society for the better.
	Before deciding on the topic, make sure it meets your requirements. It means that you should be 100% sure you have enough time, resources, and knowledge to finish the research on the chosen topic.
	Seeking some advice from your supervisor is always a good idea. You can discuss your ideas together. After that, go ahead and start the writing process!

We hope this article helped you to choose a suitable topic for your dissertation. We wish you good luck with your research!

Learn more on this topic:

Dissertation Critique: Examples, How-to Guide
The Ultimate Guide to Writing an Outstanding Dissertation
How to Write an Abstract: Brief Steps and Structure Example

✏️ Dissertation FAQ

While working on a dissertation, you might deal with several types of research. The main research types are primary, qualitative, quantitative, and legal. In any case, it’s the way in which a researcher studies the subject using a particular methodology.

First of all, make sure that you are personally fascinated by the subject. This is essential for any thesis, be it master’s or an undergraduate dissertation. Besides, make sure the topic is feasible and hasn’t been studies much.

A good dissertation title is the one that represents the subject under study. To state which aspect is being studied is also important. The title should include neither a hypothesis nor a conclusion: think about it as “spoilers”—nobody likes them.

Just like any paper, a great dissertation is the one that is well-organized. The topic of the paper should correspond to the title. The text should have a cohesive structure with a definite introduction, argumentative main part, and a logical conclusion.

🔗 References

Dissertation Topics 1961-Present: Rudgers University
Completed Thesis and Dissertation Topics: University of Florida
Current Legal Topics: Library of Congress
The Right Dissertation Topic: Academics.com
Days and Nights at the Museum…there’s a Dissertation for that!: Proquest.com
Dissertation Titles: University of Michigan
How to Pick a Master’s Thesis Topic: Medium.com
How to Come Up With a Thesis Topic: Gradschools.com
How to Choose Your Thesis Topic: Central European University
How Do I Choose a Thesis Topic?: Grad School Hub
Senior Thesis Topics: Hamilton College
Arizona Research Topics: Arizona State Library
Dissertation Proposal: Bartleby.com
Dissertation Guide Essay
How to Start Your Dissertation: 10 Top Tips: Studential.com
How to Write a Dissertation or Bedtime Reading for People Who do not Have Time to Sleep: Purdue University
A Step-By-Step Guide to Writing a Ph.D. Dissertation: ThoughtCo
Dissertations Guide from The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Developing a Thesis Statement: University of Wisconsin Madison
Thesis/Dissertation Writing and Editing, Formatting, and Defending: Massey University
Business Management Research Topics: Top Universities
Law Topics: Law.com
Psychology Topics: APA
Marketing Topics: Marketing Profs
Topics: History.com
Computer Science: Encyclopedia Britannica
Humanities: Research Topics Ideas: University of Michigan-Flint
Art Topics: Art UK
Topics: American Association for the Advancement of Science
Nurses Topics: Medscape
Architecture: Research Topics: University of Washington
Topics in Geography: Research Gate
New Topics in Sociology: University of Toronto
Business Management Topics: The University of Maine
Qualitative Case Study: Science.gov
All Topics: Science News
Criminology: Science Direct
Topics in Literature: Sheridan College: Libguides
Advanced Computer Science Topics: The University of Texas at Austin
Application of Computer Techniques in Medicine: NIH
Important Leadership and Management Topics: WHO
Quantitative Research: University of Southern California
Action Research: Brown University
10 Traits of Successful School Leaders: University of San Diego
HIST 280 Topics: Texas A&M University
The Relationship Between Burnout, Depression, and Anxiety: Frontiers In
College of Nursing: University of Missouri–St. Louis
All Topics: Educause
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How to come up with a topic for your thesis

Finding a thesis topic

The easiest method to choose a thesis topic, how to choose a thesis topic that will get you a job, ask your supervisor for help, found my thesis topic, now what, further tips on finding a thesis topic, frequently asked questions about coming up with a topic for your thesis, related articles.

Depending on the level of your studies, you will be required to come up with a topic for your thesis by yourself or to choose from a list of broad topics. In either case, you will need to:

Choose a specific scope
Narrow it down as much as you can.
Find a topic by considering specific debates or discussions that interest you.
Choose a topic based on phenomenon, point of view, and context.
Consider the relevance of your topic in relation to job market realities.
Ask your supervisor for help and guidance, as needed.

Tip: Balance your own interests with what can help you grow in your field..

In any case, you can start by asking yourself if you’ve attended any lecture where you were particularly interested in a certain subject and go from there. The following questions might help you shine a light on personal topics of interest:

What aspect of your studies holds a particular interest for you?
Was something mentioned in a discussion that you found intriguing?
Did you read about a theory or idea that spoke to you?

Ideas for a thesis can stem from many sources, so let your mind wander and see if anything tickles your curiosity. A thesis is a chance for you to spend some quality time with a certain aspect of your studies, so you better think of a topic that not only appeals to you but will also help you grow in your field.

Tip: Use phenomenon, point of view, and context to help you choose a balanced thesis topic.

We can all agree that choosing a topic for a thesis or any paper is one, if not the most, difficult steps in writing. However, according to Sahlman's How to Write a Master Thesis Fast , choosing a topic for your thesis is rather easy if you focus on the three following areas:

Point of view

Focus on a specific phenomenon as the center of your thesis. For example, "queer rights" or "climate change". Next, you choose a point of view. From what perspective do you see the phenomenon? For instance, “American culture” or “legally/ financially”. Finally, you narrow it down to a particular context, such as “from 2000 to 2010” or “small German enterprises in 2017”.

By combining the examples of these three areas, we come up with two potential thesis topics:

The development of queer rights in American culture from 2000 to 2010

Emerging climate change regulations of small German enterprises in 2017

The topic doesn't need to be perfect at first. The idea is to brainstorm with the topics that most interest you in the beginning and slowly come up with with a compelling topic you can brag about at friends’ dinner parties. Here is a list of the top 100 research paper topics for some inspiration.

Tip: Think about how your potential topic can make an intervention into your field of study.

If you will be writing extensively about a specific topic it does not only have to meet the requirements of the academia but it should also expand your professional horizons. According to the article how to pick a masters thesis topic , you should be thinking beyond the completion of your degree.

The author states "use your time as a student to make yourself as attractive to employers as possible." In order to achieve this, make sure that at least one of the three components (phenomenon, point of view and context) is of interest in your desired professional field.

For example, the thesis topics mentioned above would be of great help to people interested in working in the field of human rights and climate change. By choosing a thesis topic related to your professional future, your chances of landing your desired job will be higher, as you could bring fresh and valuable knowledge to your field.

Tip: Ask your supervisor for advice early in the process.

If your topic is still not fully shaped, then take advantage of the greater wisdom of your supervisor and ask for guidance. Arm yourself with enough possible topics and pay your supervisor a visit. Explain what’s your specific point of view and/or context of interest and, luckily, they will steer you in the right direction.

It is certainly not enough to find a topic for your thesis. You also need to make sure that it is a relevant topic and that you will be able to develop it.

5 Tips for selecting a thesis topic
How to come up with a thesis topic
How to pick a Masters thesis topic

Choosing a topic for your thesis is easy if you focus on the three following areas:

Focus on a specific phenomenon as the center of your thesis. From what perspective do you see the phenomenon? Finally, narrow it down to a particular context . By combining these three areas, you can come up with several possible thesis topics.

Here is a list of the top 100 research paper topics for some inspiration.

The amount of time you need to choose a thesis topic depends on you. If you use the method we explained above, it can take very short time. If you doubt yourself too much, you might end up spending many days choosing a topic.

Here's a YouTube tutorial on How To Choose A Research Topic For A Dissertation Or Thesis (7 Step Method + Examples) by the Grad Coach.

The first person to ask for help if you have trouble finding a thesis topic is your supervisor. Take advantage of their greater wisdom and ask for guidance. Explain them your interests, and, luckily, they will steer you in the right direction.

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Graduate Thesis Examples

The subjects of MA theses have included studies of individual poets or dramatists, novelists or autobiographers, as well as explorations of literary movements, themes or periods. View our more recent titles below.

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How to Write a Master's Thesis: A Guide to Planning Your Thesis, Pursuing It, and Avoiding Pitfalls

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Part 1: Initial Considerations

Who needs to write a master’s thesis.

Thesis writing is one of the more daunting challenges of higher education. That being said, not all master's students have to write a thesis. For example, fields that place a stronger emphasis on applied knowledge, such as nursing, business, and education, tend to have projects and exams to test students on the skills and abilities associated with those fields. Conversely, in disciplines that require in-depth research or highly polished creative abilities, students are usually expected to prove their understanding and independence with a thesis.

What's Your Goal?

Do you want to write a thesis? The process is a long one, often spanning years. It's best to know exactly what you want before you begin. Many people are motivated by career goals. For example, hiring managers may see a master's degree as proof that the candidate is an expert within their field and can lead, motivate, and demonstrate initiative for themselves and others. Others dream of earning their doctorate, and they see a master's degree as a stepping stone toward their Ph.D .

No matter what your desired goal is, you should have one before you start your thesis. With your goal in mind, your work will have a purpose, which will allow you to measure your progress more easily.

Major Types of Theses

Once you've carefully researched or even enrolled in a master's program—a feat that involves its own planning and resources —you should know if you are expected to produce a quantitative (which occurs in many math and science programs), qualitative (which occurs in many humanities programs), or creative (which occurs in many creative writing, music, or fine arts programs) thesis.

Time and Energy Considerations

Advanced degrees are notoriously time and energy consuming. If you have a job, thesis writing will become your second job. If you have a family, they will need to know that your thesis will take a great deal of your attention, energy, and focus.

Your studies should not consume you, but they also should not take a back seat to everything else. You will be expected to attend classes, conduct research, source relevant literature, and schedule meetings with various people as you pursue your master's, so it's important to let those you care about know what's going on.

As a general note, most master's programs expect students to finish within a two-year period but are willing to grant extra time if requested, especially if that time is needed to deal with unexpected life events (more on those later).

Part 2: Form an Initial Thesis Question, and Find a Supervisor

When to begin forming your initial thesis question.

Some fields, such as history, may require you to have already formed your thesis question and to have used it to create a statement of intent (outlining the nature of your research) prior to applying to a master’s program. Others may require this information only after you've been accepted. Most of the time, you will be expected to come up with your topic yourself. However, in some disciplines, your supervisor may assign a general research topic to you.

Overall, requirements vary immensely from program to program, so it's best to confirm the exact requirements of your specific program.

What to Say to Your Supervisor

You will have a supervisor during your master's studies. Have you identified who that person will be? If yes, have you introduced yourself via email or phone and obtained information on the processes and procedures that are in place for your master's program? Once you've established contact, request an in-person meeting with him or her, and take a page of questions along with you. Your questions might include:

Is there a research subject you can recommend in my field?
I would like to pursue [target research subject] for my thesis. Can you help me narrow my focus?
Can you give me an example of a properly formatted thesis proposal for my program?

Don't Be Afraid to Ask for Help (to a Degree)

Procedures and expectations vary from program to program, and your supervisor is there to help remove doubt and provide encouragement so you can follow the right path when you embark on writing your thesis. Since your supervisor has almost certainly worked with other graduate students (and was one at some point), take advantage of their experience, and ask questions to put your mind at ease about how to write a master’s thesis.

That being said, do not rely too heavily on your supervisor. As a graduate student, you are also expected to be able to work independently. Proving your independent initiative and capacity is part of what will earn you your master's degree.

Part 3: Revise Your Thesis

Read everything you can get your hands on.

Whether you have a question or need to create one, your next step is simple and applies to all kinds of theses: read.

Seek Out Knowledge or Research Gaps

Read everything you can that relates to the question or the field you are studying. The only way you will be able to determine where you can go is to see where everyone else has been. After you have read some published material, you will start to spot gaps in current research or notice things that could be developed further with an alternative approach. Things that are known but not understood or understood but not explained clearly or consistently are great potential thesis subjects. Addressing something already known from a new perspective or with a different style could also be a potentially valuable project. Whichever way you choose to do it, keep in mind that your project should make a valuable contribution to your field.

Talk with Experts in Your Field (and Don't Be Afraid to Revise Your Thesis)

To help narrow down your thesis topic, talk to your supervisor. Your supervisor will have an idea of what is current in your field and what can be left alone because others are already working on it. Additionally, the school you are attending will have programs and faculty with particular areas of interest within your chosen field.

On a similar note, don't be surprised if your thesis question changes as you study. Other students and researchers are out there, and as they publish, what you are working on can change. You might also discover that your question is too vague, not substantial enough, or even no longer relevant. Do not lose heart! Take what you know and adjust the question to address these concerns as they arise. The freedom to adapt is part of the power you hold as a graduate student.

Part 4: Select a Proposal Committee

What proposal committees are and why they're useful.

When you have a solid question or set of questions, draft a proposal.

You'll need an original stance and a clear justification for asking, and answering, your thesis question. To ensure this, a committee will review your thesis proposal. Thankfully, that committee will consist of people assigned by your supervisor or department head or handpicked by you. These people will be experts who understand your field of study and will do everything in their power to ensure that you are pursuing something worthwhile. And yes, it is okay to put your supervisor on your committee. Some programs even require that your supervisor be on your committee.

Just remember that the committee will expect you to schedule meetings with them, present your proposal, respond to any questions they might have for you, and ultimately present your findings and thesis when all the work is done. Choose those who are willing to support you, give constructive feedback, and help address issues with your proposal. And don't forget to give your proposal a good, thorough edit and proofread before you present it.

How to Prepare for Committee Meetings

Be ready for committee meetings with synopses of your material for committee members, answers for expected questions, and a calm attitude. To prepare for those meetings, sit in on proposal and thesis defenses so you can watch how other graduate students handle them and see what your committee might ask of you. You can even hold rehearsals with friends and fellow students acting as your committee to help you build confidence for your presentation.

Part 5: Write Your Thesis

What to do once your proposal is approved.

After you have written your thesis proposal and received feedback from your committee, the fun part starts: doing the work. This is where you will take your proposal and carry it out. If you drafted a qualitative or quantitative proposal, your experimentation or will begin here. If you wrote a creative proposal, you will now start working on your material. Your proposal should be strong enough to give you direction when you perform your experiments, conduct interviews, or craft your work. Take note that you will have to check in with your supervisor from time to time to give progress updates.

Thesis Writing: It's Important to Pace Yourself and Take Breaks

Do not expect the work to go quickly. You will need to pace yourself and make sure you record your progress meticulously. You can always discard information you don't need, but you cannot go back and grab a crucial fact that you can't quite remember. When in doubt, write it down. When drawing from a source, always create a citation for the information to save your future self time and stress. In the same sense, you may also find journaling to be a helpful process.

Additionally, take breaks and allow yourself to step away from your thesis, even if you're having fun (and especially if you're not). Ideally, your proposal should have milestones in it— points where you can stop and assess what you've already completed and what's left to do. When you reach a milestone, celebrate. Take a day off and relax. Better yet, give yourself a week's vacation! The rest will help you regain your focus and ensure that you function at your best.

How to Become More Comfortable with Presenting Your Work

Once you start reaching your milestones, you should be able to start sharing what you have. Just about everyone in a graduate program has experience giving a presentation at the front of the class, attending a seminar, or watching an interview. If you haven't (or even if you have), look for conferences and clubs that will give you the opportunity to learn about presenting your work and become comfortable with the idea of public speaking. The more you practice talking about what you are studying, the more comfortable you'll be with the information, which will make your committee defenses and other official meetings easier.

Published authors can be called upon to present at conferences, and if your thesis is strong, you may receive an email or a phone call asking if you would share your findings onstage.

Presenting at conferences is also a great way to boost your CV and network within your field. Make presenting part of your education, and it will become something you look forward to instead of fear.

What to Do If Your Relationship with Your Supervisor Sours

A small aside: If it isn't already obvious, you will be communicating extensively with others as you pursue your thesis. That also means that others will need to communicate with you, and if you've been noticing things getting quiet, you will need to be the one to speak up. Your supervisor should speak to you at least once a term and preferably once a week in the more active parts of your research and writing. If you give written work to your supervisor, you should have feedback within three weeks.

If your supervisor does not provide feedback, frequently misses appointments, or is consistently discouraging of your work, contact your graduate program advisor and ask for a new supervisor. The relationship with your supervisor is crucial to your success, especially if she or he is on your committee, and while your supervisor does not have to be friendly, there should at least be professional respect between you.

What to Do If a Crisis Strikes

If something happens in your life that disrupts everything (e.g., emotional strain, the birth of a child, or the death of a family member), ask for help. You are a human being, and personal lives can and do change without warning. Do not wait until you are falling apart before asking for help, either. Learn what resources exist for crises before you have one, so you can head off trauma before it hits. That being said, if you get blindsided, don't refuse help. Seek it out, and take the time you need to recover. Your degree is supposed to help you become a stronger and smarter person, not break you.

Part 6: Polish and Defend Your Master's Thesis

How to write a master’s thesis: the final stages.

After your work is done and everything is written down, you will have to give your thesis a good, thorough polishing. This is where you will have to organize the information, draft it into a paper format with an abstract, and abbreviate things to help meet your word-count limit. This is also where your final editing and proofreading passes will occur, after which you will face your final hurdle: presenting your thesis defense to your committee. If they approve your thesis, then congratulations! You are now a master of your chosen field.

Conclusion and Parting Thoughts

Remember that you do not (and should not) have to learn how to write a master’s thesis on your own. Thesis writing is collaborative, as is practically any kind of research.

While you will be expected to develop your thesis using your own initiative, pursue it with your own ambition, and complete it with your own abilities, you will also be expected to use all available resources to do so. The purpose of a master's thesis is to help you develop your own independent abilities, ensuring that you can drive your own career forward without constantly looking to others to provide direction. Leaders get master's degrees. That's why many business professionals in leadership roles have graduate degree initials after their last names. If you already have the skills necessary to motivate yourself, lead others, and drive change, you may only need your master's as an acknowledgement of your abilities. If you do not, but you apply yourself carefully and thoroughly to the pursuit of your thesis, you should come away from your studies with those skills in place.

A final thought regarding collaboration: all theses have a section for acknowledgements. Be sure to say thank you to those who helped you become a master. One day, someone might be doing the same for you.

Image source: Falkenpost/Pixabay.com

We’re Masters at Master’s Theses! Make Yours Shine.

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A Scribendi in-house editor, Anthony is happily putting his BA in English from Western University to good use with thoughtful feedback and incisive editing. An avid reader and gamer, he can be found during his off hours enjoying narrative-driven games and obscure and amusing texts, as well as cooking for his family.

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How to write a masters dissertation or thesis: top tips.

It is completely normal to find the idea of writing a masters thesis or dissertation slightly daunting, even for students who have written one before at undergraduate level. Though, don’t feel put off by the idea. You’ll have plenty of time to complete it, and plenty of support from your supervisor and peers.

One of the main challenges that students face is putting their ideas and findings into words. Writing is a skill in itself, but with the right advice, you’ll find it much easier to get into the flow of writing your masters thesis or dissertation.

We’ve put together a step-by-step guide on how to write a dissertation or thesis for your masters degree, with top tips to consider at each stage in the process.

1. Understand your dissertation or thesis topic

There are slight differences between theses and dissertations , although both require a high standard of writing skill and knowledge in your topic. They are also formatted very similarly.

At first, writing a masters thesis can feel like running a 100m race – the course feels very quick and like there is not as much time for thinking! However, you’ll usually have a summer semester dedicated to completing your dissertation – giving plenty of time and space to write a strong academic piece.

By comparison, writing a PhD thesis can feel like running a marathon, working on the same topic for 3-4 years can be laborious. But in many ways, the approach to both of these tasks is quite similar.

Before writing your masters dissertation, get to know your research topic inside out. Not only will understanding your topic help you conduct better research, it will also help you write better dissertation content.

Also consider the main purpose of your dissertation. You are writing to put forward a theory or unique research angle – so make your purpose clear in your writing.

Top writing tip: when researching your topic, look out for specific terms and writing patterns used by other academics. It is likely that there will be a lot of jargon and important themes across research papers in your chosen dissertation topic.

2. Structure your dissertation or thesis

Writing a thesis is a unique experience and there is no general consensus on what the best way to structure it is.

As a postgraduate student , you’ll probably decide what kind of structure suits your research project best after consultation with your supervisor. You’ll also have a chance to look at previous masters students’ theses in your university library.

To some extent, all postgraduate dissertations are unique. Though they almost always consist of chapters. The number of chapters you cover will vary depending on the research.

A masters dissertation or thesis organised into chapters would typically look like this:

Section	Description
Title page	The opening page includes all relevant information about the project.
Abstract	A brief project summary including background, methodology and findings.
Contents	A list of chapters and figures from your project.
Chapter 1 – Background	A description of the rationale behind your project.
Chapter 2 – Literature Review	A summary and evaluation of the literature supporting your project.
Chapter 3 – Methodology	A description of the specific methodology used in your project.
Chapter 4-6 – Data analysis and Findings	An overview of the key findings and data from your research.
Chapter 7 - Discussion and Evaluation	A description of what the data means and what you can draw from the findings.
Chapter 8 - Conclusion	Main summary of your overall project and key findings.
Bibliography	A list of the references cited in your dissertation or thesis.
Appendices	Additional materials used in your research.

Write down your structure and use these as headings that you’ll write for later on.

Top writing tip : ease each chapter together with a paragraph that links the end of a chapter to the start of a new chapter. For example, you could say something along the lines of “in the next section, these findings are evaluated in more detail”. This makes it easier for the reader to understand each chapter and helps your writing flow better.

3. Write up your literature review

One of the best places to start when writing your masters dissertation is with the literature review. This involves researching and evaluating existing academic literature in order to identify any gaps for your own research.

Many students prefer to write the literature review chapter first, as this is where several of the underpinning theories and concepts exist. This section helps set the stage for the rest of your dissertation, and will help inform the writing of your other dissertation chapters.

What to include in your literature review

The literature review chapter is more than just a summary of existing research, it is an evaluation of how this research has informed your own unique research.

Demonstrate how the different pieces of research fit together. Are there overlapping theories? Are there disagreements between researchers?

Highlight the gap in the research. This is key, as a dissertation is mostly about developing your own unique research. Is there an unexplored avenue of research? Has existing research failed to disprove a particular theory?

Back up your methodology. Demonstrate why your methodology is appropriate by discussing where it has been used successfully in other research.

4. Write up your research

For instance, a more theoretical-based research topic might encompass more writing from a philosophical perspective. Qualitative data might require a lot more evaluation and discussion than quantitative research.

Methodology chapter

The methodology chapter is all about how you carried out your research and which specific techniques you used to gather data. You should write about broader methodological approaches (e.g. qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods), and then go into more detail about your chosen data collection strategy.

Data collection strategies include things like interviews, questionnaires, surveys, content analyses, discourse analyses and many more.

Data analysis and findings chapters

The data analysis or findings chapter should cover what you actually discovered during your research project. It should be detailed, specific and objective (don’t worry, you’ll have time for evaluation later on in your dissertation)

Write up your findings in a way that is easy to understand. For example, if you have a lot of numerical data, this could be easier to digest in tables.

This will make it easier for you to dive into some deeper analysis in later chapters. Remember, the reader will refer back to your data analysis section to cross-reference your later evaluations against your actual findings – so presenting your data in a simple manner is beneficial.

Think about how you can segment your data into categories. For instance, it can be useful to segment interview transcripts by interviewee.

Top writing tip : write up notes on how you might phrase a certain part of the research. This will help bring the best out of your writing. There is nothing worse than when you think of the perfect way to phrase something and then you completely forget it.

5. Discuss and evaluate

Once you’ve presented your findings, it’s time to evaluate and discuss them.

It might feel difficult to differentiate between your findings and discussion sections, because you are essentially talking about the same data. The easiest way to remember the difference is that your findings simply present the data, whereas your discussion tells the story of this data.

Your evaluation breaks the story down, explaining the key findings, what went well and what didn’t go so well.

In your discussion chapter, you’ll have chance to expand on the results from your findings section. For example, explain what certain numbers mean and draw relationships between different pieces of data.

Top writing tip: don’t be afraid to point out the shortcomings of your research. You will receive higher marks for writing objectively. For example, if you didn’t receive as many interview responses as expected, evaluate how this has impacted your research and findings. Don’t let your ego get in the way!

6. Write your introduction

Your introduction sets the scene for the rest of your masters dissertation. You might be wondering why writing an introduction isn't at the start of our step-by-step list, and that’s because many students write this chapter last.

Here’s what your introduction chapter should cover:

Problem statement

Research question

Significance of your research

This tells the reader what you’ll be researching as well as its importance. You’ll have a good idea of what to include here from your original dissertation proposal , though it’s fairly common for research to change once it gets started.

Writing or at least revisiting this section last can be really helpful, since you’ll have a more well-rounded view of what your research actually covers once it has been completed and written up.

Masters dissertation writing tips

When to start writing your thesis or dissertation.

When you should start writing your masters thesis or dissertation depends on the scope of the research project and the duration of your course. In some cases, your research project may be relatively short and you may not be able to write much of your thesis before completing the project.

But regardless of the nature of your research project and of the scope of your course, you should start writing your thesis or at least some of its sections as early as possible, and there are a number of good reasons for this:

Academic writing is about practice, not talent. The first steps of writing your dissertation will help you get into the swing of your project. Write early to help you prepare in good time.

Write things as you do them. This is a good way to keep your dissertation full of fresh ideas and ensure that you don’t forget valuable information.

The first draft is never perfect. Give yourself time to edit and improve your dissertation. It’s likely that you’ll need to make at least one or two more drafts before your final submission.

Writing early on will help you stay motivated when writing all subsequent drafts.

Thinking and writing are very connected. As you write, new ideas and concepts will come to mind. So writing early on is a great way to generate new ideas.

How to improve your writing skills

The best way of improving your dissertation or thesis writing skills is to:

Finish the first draft of your masters thesis as early as possible and send it to your supervisor for revision. Your supervisor will correct your draft and point out any writing errors. This process will be repeated a few times which will help you recognise and correct writing mistakes yourself as time progresses.

If you are not a native English speaker, it may be useful to ask your English friends to read a part of your thesis and warn you about any recurring writing mistakes. Read our section on English language support for more advice.

Most universities have writing centres that offer writing courses and other kinds of support for postgraduate students. Attending these courses may help you improve your writing and meet other postgraduate students with whom you will be able to discuss what constitutes a well-written thesis.

Read academic articles and search for writing resources on the internet. This will help you adopt an academic writing style, which will eventually become effortless with practice.

Keep track of your bibliography

The easiest way to keep the track of all the articles you have read for your research is to create a database where you can summarise each article/chapter into a few most important bullet points to help you remember their content.

Another useful tool for doing this effectively is to learn how to use specific reference management software (RMS) such as EndNote. RMS is relatively simple to use and saves a lot of time when it comes to organising your bibliography. This may come in very handy, especially if your reference section is suspiciously missing two hours before you need to submit your dissertation!

Avoid accidental plagiarism

Plagiarism may cost you your postgraduate degree and it is important that you consciously avoid it when writing your thesis or dissertation.

Occasionally, postgraduate students commit plagiarism unintentionally. This can happen when sections are copy and pasted from journal articles they are citing instead of simply rephrasing them. Whenever you are presenting information from another academic source, make sure you reference the source and avoid writing the statement exactly as it is written in the original paper.

What kind of format should your thesis have?

Read your university’s guidelines before you actually start writing your thesis so you don’t have to waste time changing the format further down the line. However in general, most universities will require you to use 1.5-2 line spacing, font size 12 for text, and to print your thesis on A4 paper. These formatting guidelines may not necessarily result in the most aesthetically appealing thesis, however beauty is not always practical, and a nice looking thesis can be a more tiring reading experience for your postgrad examiner .

When should I submit my thesis?

The length of time it takes to complete your MSc or MA thesis will vary from student to student. This is because people work at different speeds, projects vary in difficulty, and some projects encounter more problems than others.

Obviously, you should submit your MSc thesis or MA thesis when it is finished! Every university will say in its regulations that it is the student who must decide when it is ready to submit.

However, your supervisor will advise you whether your work is ready and you should take their advice on this. If your supervisor says that your work is not ready, then it is probably unwise to submit it. Usually your supervisor will read your final thesis or dissertation draft and will let you know what’s required before submitting your final draft.

Set yourself a target for completion. This will help you stay on track and avoid falling behind. You may also only have funding for the year, so it is important to ensure you submit your dissertation before the deadline – and also ensure you don’t miss out on your graduation ceremony !

To set your target date, work backwards from the final completion and submission date, and aim to have your final draft completed at least three months before that final date.

Don’t leave your submission until the last minute – submit your work in good time before the final deadline. Consider what else you’ll have going on around that time. Are you moving back home? Do you have a holiday? Do you have other plans?

If you need to have finished by the end of June to be able to go to a graduation ceremony in July, then you should leave a suitable amount of time for this. You can build this into your dissertation project planning at the start of your research.

It is important to remember that handing in your thesis or dissertation is not the end of your masters program . There will be a period of time of one to three months between the time you submit and your final day. Some courses may even require a viva to discuss your research project, though this is more common at PhD level .

If you have passed, you will need to make arrangements for the thesis to be properly bound and resubmitted, which will take a week or two. You may also have minor corrections to make to the work, which could take up to a month or so. This means that you need to allow a period of at least three months between submitting your thesis and the time when your program will be completely finished. Of course, it is also possible you may be asked after the viva to do more work on your thesis and resubmit it before the examiners will agree to award the degree – so there may be an even longer time period before you have finished.

How do I submit the MA or MSc dissertation?

Most universities will have a clear procedure for submitting a masters dissertation. Some universities require your ‘intention to submit’. This notifies them that you are ready to submit and allows the university to appoint an external examiner.

This normally has to be completed at least three months before the date on which you think you will be ready to submit.

When your MA or MSc dissertation is ready, you will have to print several copies and have them bound. The number of copies varies between universities, but the university usually requires three – one for each of the examiners and one for your supervisor.

However, you will need one more copy – for yourself! These copies must be softbound, not hardbound. The theses you see on the library shelves will be bound in an impressive hardback cover, but you can only get your work bound like this once you have passed.

You should submit your dissertation or thesis for examination in soft paper or card covers, and your university will give you detailed guidance on how it should be bound. They will also recommend places where you can get the work done.

The next stage is to hand in your work, in the way and to the place that is indicated in your university’s regulations. All you can do then is sit and wait for the examination – but submitting your thesis is often a time of great relief and celebration!

Some universities only require a digital submission, where you upload your dissertation as a file through their online submission system.

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In higher education, few milestones hold as much significance as the completion of a dissertation. Embarking on a dissertation journey can be both exciting and challenging. To assist students from various academic streams, we have compiled an extensive list of 350 dissertation topic ideas.

Let our professional editors refine your dissertation! Learn more

Without further ado, let’s explore the best ideas and examples for dissertation topics for the stream of your choice!

Business management dissertation topics

1. Exploring the Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Customer Relationship Management: Opportunities and Challenges.

2. Investigating the Role of Emotional Intelligence in Entrepreneurial Success.

3. Analyzing the Influence of Corporate Culture on Innovation and Creativity.

4. Examining the Effectiveness of Sustainable Supply Chain Management Practices in Enhancing Organizational Performance.

5. The Rise of Remote Work: Managing Virtual Teams in the Digital Age.

6. Investigating the Role of Corporate Governance in Ensuring Ethical Business Practices.

7. The Impact of Diversity and Inclusion Initiatives on Organizational Performance and Employee Engagement.

8. Exploring the Role of Social Media Marketing in Building Brand Loyalty.

9. Assessing the Effectiveness of Change Management Strategies in Successfully Implementing Organizational Change.

10. Investigating the Relationship between Leadership Styles and Employee Motivation in Times of Crisis.

Education dissertation topics

1. The Impact of Gamification on Student Engagement and Learning Outcomes.

2. Exploring the Role of Student Voice in School Decision-Making Processes.

3. Analyzing the Effectiveness of Project-Based Learning in Developing Critical Thinking Skills.

4. Investigating the Benefits and Challenges of Online Learning in K-12 Education.

5. The Influence of Teacher-Student Relationships on Academic Achievement and Well-being.

6. Examining the Role of Emotional Intelligence in Teacher Effectiveness and Classroom Management.

7. The Impact of Inclusive Education on the Social Integration and Academic Performance of Students with Disabilities.

8. Analyzing the Effectiveness of Multicultural Education in Promoting Cultural Awareness and Acceptance.

9. Investigating the Factors Influencing Parental Involvement in Early Childhood Education.

10. Exploring the Role of Technology in Enhancing STEM Education and Career Readiness.

Psychology dissertation topics

1. The Impact of Mindfulness-Based Interventions on Stress Reduction and Well-being.

2. Investigating the Relationship between Social Media Use and Body Image Disturbance in Adolescents.

3. Exploring the Role of Resilience in Coping with Trauma and Adversity.

4. The Influence of Parenting Styles on Emotional Regulation and Social Skills in Children.

5. Examining the Effects of Video Games on Cognitive Abilities and Aggression.

6. Investigating the Relationship between Personality Traits and Job Satisfaction across Different Professions.

7. The Role of Attachment Styles in Romantic Relationships: Predictors of Relationship Satisfaction and Stability.

8. Exploring the Impact of Early Life Experiences on Adult Attachment Patterns.

9. The Effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy in Treating Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.

10. Investigating the Relationship between Sleep Quality and Mental Health in College Students.

Leadership dissertation topics

1. The Role of Emotional Intelligence in Effective Leadership Practices.

2. Exploring the Relationship between Authentic Leadership and Employee Engagement.

3. Analyzing the Impact of Transformational Leadership on Organizational Innovation and Change.

4. Investigating the Influence of Cross-Cultural Leadership in Global Organizations.

5. The Role of Ethical Leadership in Fostering Corporate Social Responsibility.

6. Exploring the Effects of Leadership Styles on Team Performance and Productivity.

7. Analyzing the Leadership Challenges and Strategies in Nonprofit Organizations.

8. Investigating the Role of Servant Leadership in Enhancing Employee Well-being and Job Satisfaction.

9. The Impact of Gender and Leadership: Breaking the Glass Ceiling.

10. Exploring the Role of Leadership Development Programs in Nurturing Future Leaders.

Finance dissertation topics

1. The Impact of Financial Technology (Fintech) on Traditional Banking Systems.

2. Analyzing the Relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility and Financial Performance.

3. Exploring the Determinants of Capital Structure in Small and Medium Enterprises.

4. Investigating the Role of Behavioral Finance in Investment Decision Making.

5. Analyzing the Effectiveness of Risk Management Strategies in Financial Institutions.

6. The Impact of Financial Literacy Education on Personal Financial Management.

7. Exploring the Relationship between Corporate Governance and Firm Value.

8. Investigating the Effectiveness of Financial Regulations in Ensuring Market Stability.

9. The Role of Blockchain Technology in Revolutionizing Financial Transactions.

10. Analyzing the Impact of Macroeconomic Factors on Stock Market Volatility.

Social work dissertation topics

1. The Role of Social Work in Addressing Mental Health Challenges among Underserved Populations.

2. Exploring the Influence of Cultural Competence in Social Work Practice.

3. Investigating the Effectiveness of Trauma-Informed Interventions in Supporting Survivors of Abuse.

4. Analyzing the Role of Social Workers in Promoting Social Justice and Advocacy.

5. Exploring the Impact of Family-Based Interventions in Preventing Juvenile Delinquency.

6. Investigating the Effectiveness of Substance Abuse Treatment Programs in Rehabilitation and Recovery.

7. The Role of Social Work in Addressing Homelessness and Housing Insecurity.

8. Exploring the Relationship between Social Work and Community Development.

9. Investigating the Influence of Social Media on Youth Mental Health and Well-being.

10. The Impact of School Social Work Services on Academic Achievement and Student Success.

History dissertation topics

1. The Role of Women in the Civil Rights Movement: Forgotten Voices and Contributions.

2. Exploring the Impact of Colonialism on Indigenous Cultures: A Comparative Study.

3. Analyzing the Role of Propaganda in Shaping Public Opinion during World War II.

4. Investigating the Influence of Ancient Civilizations on Modern Political Systems.

5. The Evolution of Human Rights: A Historical Analysis from Ancient Times to the Present.

6. Exploring the Cultural Exchange between East and West along the Silk Road.

7. Analyzing the Causes and Consequences of the Industrial Revolution.

8. Investigating the Role of Religion in Shaping Historical Events and Societies.

9. The Impact of Globalization on Historical Preservation and Cultural Identity.

10. Exploring the History and Significance of LGBTQ+ Movements and Activism.

Nursing dissertation topics

1. Exploring the Role of Nurse Practitioners in Primary Care Settings: Challenges and Opportunities.

2. Analyzing the Impact of Technology on Nursing Practice and Patient Outcomes.

3. Investigating the Role of Cultural Competence in Delivering Culturally Sensitive Care.

4. The Influence of Nurse Leadership on Patient Safety and Quality of Care.

5. Exploring the Benefits and Challenges of Interprofessional Collaboration in Healthcare.

6. Analyzing the Effectiveness of Evidence-Based Practice in Improving Nursing Care.

7. Investigating the Role of Nurses in Promoting Health Equity and Reducing Health Disparities.

8. Exploring the Impact of Nursing Education on the Readiness for Clinical Practice.

9. The Role of Nurses in Addressing Mental Health in Primary Care Settings.

10. Investigating the Effectiveness of Nurse-led Interventions in Chronic Disease Management.

Fashion dissertation topics

1. The Evolution of Sustainable Fashion: Trends, Challenges, and Future Prospects.

2. Exploring the Influence of Social Media on Fashion Consumption and Trends.

3. Analyzing the Role of Fashion in Shaping Cultural Identity and Expression.

4. Investigating the Impact of Fast Fashion on the Environment and Labor Practices.

5. The Relationship between Fashion and Body Image: Exploring the Effects on Self-esteem and Well-being.

6. Exploring the Role of Fashion in Empowering Marginalized Communities.

7. Analyzing the Intersection of Fashion, Technology, and Wearable Devices.

8. Investigating the Influence of Celebrity Endorsements on Consumer Behavior in the Fashion Industry.

9. The Role of Fashion Education in Nurturing Future Designers and Industry Professionals.

10. Exploring the Representation of Diversity and Inclusion in Fashion Advertising and Media.

Law dissertation topics

1. Analyzing the Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Legal Practice and Ethics.

2. Investigating the Role of International Law in Addressing Global Security Challenges.

3. Exploring the Relationship between Intellectual Property Rights and Innovation.

4. Analyzing the Role of Restorative Justice in Criminal Justice Systems.

5. Investigating the Effectiveness of Cybersecurity Laws in Protecting Digital Privacy.

6. The Influence of Human Rights Law on Refugee and Asylum Policies.

7. Exploring the Intersection of Law and Technology: Legal Implications of Emerging Technologies.

8. Analyzing the Role of Corporate Social Responsibility in Business Law and Ethics.

9. Investigating the Effectiveness of Alternative Dispute Resolution Methods in Resolving Legal Disputes.

10. Exploring the Legal and Ethical Implications of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology.

English literature dissertation topics

1. The Evolution of Dystopian Themes in Post-Millennial Young Adult Fiction.

2. The Representation of Artificial Intelligence in Science Fiction from the 1950s to the Present.

3. Eco-Criticism and Nature in Contemporary Poetry.

4. The Role of the Byronic Hero in Modern Literature: A Comparative Analysis.

5. The Influence of Folklore on National Identity in 19th Century Literature.

6. Gender and Power Dynamics in the Works of Virginia Woolf.

7. The Literary Significance of Lesser-Known Works of the Harlem Renaissance.

8. Magic Realism and Post-Colonial Narrative: A Study of Salman Rushdie and Gabriel García Márquez.

9. The Intertextuality of Biblical Mythos in 20th-Century American Novels.

10. The Impact of Digital Media on Narrative Structures in 21st Century Fiction.

Public health dissertation topics

1. The Effects of Urbanization on Mental Health Disorders in Developing Countries.

2. The Impact of Climate Change on Vector-Borne Diseases in Sub-Saharan Africa.

3. Assessing the Efficacy of Telemedicine in Rural Healthcare Delivery.

4. The Role of Public Health Policies in Addressing the Opioid Epidemic in the United States.

5. Vaccine Hesitancy and Social Media: Analyzing the Spread of Misinformation.

6. The Relationship Between Socioeconomic Status and Obesity Rates in Children.

7. Evaluating Community-Based Interventions to Reduce Health Disparities in Indigenous Populations.

8. The Long-Term Public Health Consequences of Natural Disasters.

9. The Effectiveness of Workplace Wellness Programs on Employee Health and Productivity.

10. Ethical Considerations in the Allocation of Limited Healthcare Resources During Pandemics.

Special education dissertation topics

1. The Impact of Inclusive Education on Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

2. The Efficacy of Assistive Technologies in Supporting Students with Dyslexia.

3. The Influence of Parental Involvement on Educational Outcomes for Children with Down Syndrome.

4. Transition Strategies for Young Adults with Intellectual Disabilities Entering the Workforce.

5. The Challenges of Implementing Individualized Education Programs (IEPs) in Public Schools.

6. Analyzing Behavioral Intervention Techniques for Students with Emotional and Behavioral Disorders.

7. The Role of Art Therapy in Enhancing Communication Skills in Non-Verbal Children with Special Needs.

8. The Effects of Early Intervention on Long-Term Academic Writing for Children with Learning Disabilities.

9. Teacher Training and Preparedness for Handling Special Educational Needs in Mainstream Classrooms.

10. The Social Integration of Children with Special Needs in Multicultural Classrooms.

Social media marketing dissertation topics

1. Analyzing the ROI of Influencer Marketing on Consumer Purchase Decisions.

2. The Impact of Social Media Algorithms on Content Visibility and Brand Engagement.

3. The Role of User-Generated Content in Building Brand Loyalty for an Author Brand .

4. Ethical Considerations in Social Media Marketing: Transparency and Consumer Privacy.

5. The Effectiveness of Real-Time Social Media Analytics for Agile Marketing Strategies.

6. The Influence of Social Media on the Rapid Spread of Fashion Trends.

7. Cross-Cultural Social Media Marketing Strategies for Global Brands.

8. Measuring the Impact of Hashtag Campaigns on Brand Awareness.

9. The Use of AI and Machine Learning in Personalizing Social Media Advertising.

10. The Transition from Social Media Marketing to Social Commerce: Opportunities and Challenges.

Accounting dissertation topics

1. The Role of Forensic Accounting in Combatting White-Collar Crime.

2. The Impact of Automation and Artificial Intelligence on the Accounting Profession.

3. The Influence of Tax Policies on Small Business Growth and Sustainability.

4. Accounting Ethics: A Study of Corporate Scandals and Their Impact on Regulations.

5. The Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in Emerging Economies.

6. The Effectiveness of Risk Management Strategies in the Banking Sector.

7. Comparative Analysis of Traditional vs. Activity-Based Costing in Manufacturing.

8. Blockchain Technology and Its Implications for Accounting Transparency and Efficiency.

9. The Future of Audit: The Use of Big Data and Analytics.

10. Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting: Trends, Challenges, and Opportunities.

Marketing dissertation topics

1. The Impact of Augmented Reality Advertising on Consumer Purchase Intentions.

2. Sustainability in Marketing: Consumer Perceptions and Brand Performance.

3. The Effectiveness of Nostalgia Marketing in the Digital Age.

4. Consumer Privacy Concerns and Trust in Digital Marketing Campaigns.

5. The Role of Sensory Branding in Creating Customer Experience and Loyalty.

6. Mobile Marketing and Location-Based Services: The New Frontier for Customer Engagement.

7. The Influence of Social Responsibility on Brand Equity in the Fast Fashion Industry.

8. Analyzing the Shift from Omnichannel to Unified Commerce Marketing Strategies .

9. The Use of Neuromarketing to Enhance Customer Engagement and Retention.

10. The Dynamics of Consumer Behavior in Subscription-Based Business Models.

Human resources dissertation topics

1. The Impact of Remote Work on Employee Engagement and Organizational Culture.

2. The Role of HR Analytics in Talent Acquisition and Retention Strategies.

3. Diversity and Inclusion: Assessing the Effectiveness of Current Corporate Policies.

4. The Influence of Employee Well-being Programs on Organizational Performance.

5. The Future of Work: Preparing for the Integration of AI and Human Talent.

6. The Effect of Leadership Development Programs on Succession Planning.

7. Gig Economy and HRM: Adapting Human Resource Practices for a Flexible Workforce.

8. The Relationship Between Employer Branding and Employee Satisfaction.

9. The Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility Initiatives on Employee Motivation.

10. The Role of Psychological Safety in Team Performance and Employee Retention.

Economics dissertation topics

1. The Economic Impact of Climate Change on Agriculture in Developing Countries.

2. Cryptocurrencies and Their Influence on Traditional Financial Markets.

3. The Effects of Universal Basic Income Experiments on Local Economies.

4. The Economics of Pandemics: Lessons Learned from COVID-19.

5. The Role of Innovation and Technology in Economic Growth.

6. Behavioral Economics and Consumer Decision-Making during Economic Recessions.

7. The Impact of Trade Wars on Global Economic Stability.

8. The Effectiveness of Microfinance Institutions in Alleviating Poverty.

9. The Relationship Between Political Instability and Foreign Direct Investment.

10. The Economic Consequences of Aging Populations for Developed Economies.

Statistics dissertation topics

1. The Use of Bayesian Methods in Developing Enhanced Predictive Models.

2. The Application of Statistical Analysis in Genomics and Personalized Medicine.

3. The Role of Statistics in Quality Control and Improvement in the Manufacturing Sector.

4. Advanced Time Series Analysis for Economic and Financial Forecasting.

5. The Impact of Big Data on Statistical Models and Outcomes.

6. The Use of Machine Learning Algorithms in High-Dimensional Data Analysis.

7. Statistical Methods for Analyzing the Impacts of Environmental Policies.

8. The Evaluation of Statistical Literacy Among Non-Statisticians in Research-Intensive Fields.

9. Spatial Statistics: Modeling and Analysis of Geospatial Data.

10. The Challenges of Missing Data in Longitudinal Studies and Approaches for Handling Dropout.

Operations management dissertation topics

1. The Role of Circular Economy in Operations and Supply Chain Management.

2. The Impact of IoT on Inventory Management and Optimization.

3. The Effect of Lean Management on Operations Efficiency in the Service Industry.

4. The Use of Predictive Analytics for Capacity Planning in Manufacturing.

5. The Relationship Between Quality Management Practices and Operational Performance.

6. Supply Chain Resilience: Risk Management Strategies in the Face of Global Disruptions.

7. Operational Challenges and Solutions in the Transition to Sustainable Energy Sources.

8. The Impact of 3D Printing Technology on Production Processes and Supply Chains.

9. The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Enhancing Decision-Making in Operations Management.

10. The Influence of E-commerce on Logistics and Distribution Strategies.

Humanities dissertation topics

1. Digital Humanities and the Transformation of Scholarly Research in the 21st Century.

2. The Intersection of Art and Politics in Street Art Movements Across the Globe.

3. The Influence of Indigenous Storytelling on Contemporary Narrative Structures.

4. The Role of Cultural Heritage in Shaping National Identity in Post-Colonial Societies.

5. The Impact of Language Revitalization Efforts on Community Cohesion.

6. Ethical Implications of AI in the Preservation and Interpretation of Historical Texts.

7. The Evolution of Feminist Thought in Middle Eastern Literature.

8. Interrogating the Concept of the Anthropocene in Environmental Philosophy.

9. The Representation of Disability in Modern Theatre.

10. The Legacy of Colonialism in Contemporary Museum Curation and Artifact Repatriation.

Medical sciences dissertation topics

1. The Role of the Microbiome in the Development of Autoimmune Diseases.

2. Personalized Medicine: Genetic Tailoring of Cancer Therapies.

3. The Impact of Socioeconomic Factors on the Epidemiology of Mental Health Disorders.

4. The Efficacy of Virtual Reality as a Treatment for Chronic Pain.

5. Ethical Considerations in Gene Editing Techniques, such as CRISPR-Cas9.

6. The Relationship Between Sleep Patterns and Cognitive Decline in Aging Populations.

7. The Effects of Health Information Technology on Patient Care and Outcomes.

8. Investigating New Strategies for Antibiotic Stewardship to Combat Resistance.

9. The Role of Stem Cell Therapy in Regenerative Medicine.

10. The Impact of Nutrition on Epigenetic Changes and Human Health.

Engineering dissertation topics

1. The Development of Sustainable Construction Materials with Enhanced Performance.

2. The Use of Nanotechnology for Water Purification in Developing Regions.

3. The Impact of Autonomous Vehicles on Urban Traffic Management.

4. The Role of Advanced Composites in Aerospace Engineering.

5. The Potential of Smart Grid Technologies for Renewable Energy Integration.

6. Bioengineering Approaches to Plastic Waste Degradation.

7. The Application of Robotics in Disaster Response and Recovery Operations.

8. The Design of Resilient Infrastructure to Withstand Climate-Related Disasters.

9. The Advancement of Quantum Computing and its Engineering Challenges.

10. The Integration of 5G Technology in Smart City Solutions.

Computer science dissertation topics

1. The Role of Quantum Algorithms in Advancing Cryptography.

2. Developing Ethical Guidelines for AI in Autonomous Decision-Making Systems.

3. The Impact of Edge Computing on IoT Efficiency and Security.

4. The Use of Machine Learning in Predicting Cybersecurity Threats.

5. The Challenges of Implementing Scalable Blockchain Technologies.

6. The Application of Computer Vision Techniques in Medical Diagnosis.

7. The Evolution of Natural Language Processing and its Human-Computer Interaction Implications.

8. The Effectiveness of Deep Learning in Real-Time Language Translation Devices.

9. The Role of AI in Enhancing the Accessibility of Digital Content for People with Disabilities.

10. The Security Implications of Biometric Authentication Systems.

Mathematics dissertation topics

1. The Applications of Topological Data Analysis in High-Dimensional Data Sets.

2. The Role of Graph Theory in Understanding Social Network Dynamics.

3. The Impact of Fractal Geometry on Modeling Natural Phenomena.

4. Advanced Mathematical Models for Climate Change Prediction and Simulation.

5. The Use of Numerical Methods in Solving Non-linear Differential Equations.

6. Theoretical Approaches to Addressing the P vs NP Problem.

7. The Dynamics of Financial Markets Analyzed Through Stochastic Processes.

8. The Application of Game Theory in Behavioral Economics.

9. The Contributions of Algebraic Geometry to Cryptography and Coding Theory.

10. The Mathematical Understanding of Symmetry and its Role in Physics.

Biology dissertation topics

1. Investigating the Mechanisms of Aging through Telomere Dynamics.

2. The Role of Gut Microbiota in the Development of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders.

3. CRISPR-Cas9 Genome Editing and its Ethical Implications in Human Embryo Research.

4. The Impact of Climate Change on Marine Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services.

5. The Evolutionary Biology of Viral Emergence and Host Adaptation.

6. The Molecular Basis of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Potential Therapeutic Targets.

7. Epigenetic Modifications in Response to Environmental Stressors in Plants.

8. The Biogeography and Conservation Genetics of Endangered Species.

9. Investigating the Cellular Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria.

10. The Application of Synthetic Biology in Sustainable Biofuel Production.

Physics dissertation topics

1. The Search for Dark Matter: Theoretical Predictions and Experimental Detection.

2. Quantum Entanglement and its Implications for Information Theory and Cryptography.

3. The Physics of Soft Condensed Matter in Biologically Relevant Systems.

4. Novel Materials for High-Efficiency Photovoltaic Cells.

5. The Role of Neutrinos in the Standard Model of Particle Physics.

6. Investigating the Anomalies of the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation.

7. The Dynamics of Fluid Turbulence at Different Scales.

8. The Feasibility of Nuclear Fusion as a Sustainable Energy Source.

9. Studying Gravitational Waves as a New Window into the Cosmos.

10. The Impact of Nanotechnology on the Development of Quantum Computing.

Chemistry dissertation topics

1. The Development of Bio-inspired Catalysts for Sustainable Chemical Synthesis.

2. The Role of Molecular Simulations in Understanding Enzyme Mechanisms.

3. Designing Smart Polymers for Targeted Drug Delivery Systems.

4. The Study of Organic Photovoltaics for Improved Solar Energy Conversion.

5. Investigating the Mechanisms of Heavy Metal Toxicity and Chelation Therapy.

6. The Chemistry of Atmospheric Aerosols and their Impact on Climate Change.

7. The Application of Green Chemistry Principles in Industrial Process Design.

8. The Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Inorganic Nanomaterials for Electronics.

9. The Role of Crystal Engineering in the Development of Pharmaceutical Cocrystals.

10. Advanced Spectroscopic Techniques for Probing the Structure of Biomolecules.

Pharmacology dissertation topics

1. The Pharmacogenomics of Chemotherapy Resistance in Cancer Treatment.

2. The Role of Natural Products in the Discovery of New Antimicrobial Agents.

3. The Impact of Opioid Receptor Modulation on Pain Management Strategies.

4. Investigating the Neuropharmacology of Psychedelic Compounds for Psychiatric Disorders.

5. The Cardiovascular Effects of E-cigarettes and Vaping Products.

6. The Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Liver Injury and Potential Protective Strategies.

7. The Development of Targeted Therapies in Personalized Medicine.

8. The Effects of Endocrine Disruptors on Human Health and Reproduction.

9. The Role of Cannabinoids in the Treatment of Neurological Disorders.

10. Addressing the Challenges of Antibiotic Resistance through Novel Drug Development.

Political science dissertation topics

1. The Impact of Social Media on Political Mobilization and Public Opinion.

2. The Effectiveness of International Sanctions on Influencing Domestic Policy Changes.

3. The Role of Identity Politics in Shaping Electoral Outcomes in Multicultural Societies.

4. The Influence of Non-State Actors on Global Environmental Governance.

5. The Politics of Memory: How Historical Narratives Shape National Policy.

6. The Impact of Populism on Traditional Party Systems in Europe.

7. The Role of Technology in State Surveillance and Privacy Rights.

8. The Effect of Political Decentralization on Corruption and Governance.

9. The Relationship Between Economic Inequality and Democratic Stability.

10. Analyzing the Success and Failure of Peacekeeping Missions in Post-Conflict Zones.

Arts dissertation topics

1. The Evolution of Performance Art and its Role in Contemporary Political Discourse.

2. The Influence of Digital Media on Traditional Art Techniques and Aesthetics.

3. The Intersection of Art and Technology: A Study of Virtual Reality in Installation Art.

4. The Representation of Gender and Sexuality in Modern Sculpture.

5. The Impact of Art Therapy on Mental Health Recovery in Diverse Populations.

6. Postcolonial Perspectives in Contemporary Art of the African Diaspora.

7. The Role of Street Art in Urban Regeneration and Community Identity.

8. The Revival of Analog Photography in the Digital Age: Aesthetic and Cultural Implications.

9. Exploring the Relationship Between Sound Art and Acoustic Ecology.

10. The Use of Sustainable Materials in Fashion Design and its Influence on Consumer Behavior.

Geography dissertation topics

1. The Geopolitical Implications of Melting Ice Caps in the Arctic Region.

2. Analyzing Urban Heat Islands and Mitigation Strategies in Major Global Cities.

3. The Impact of Land Use Change on Flood Risk and Water Management.

4. Cultural Geography: The Role of Festivals in Shaping Urban Identity.

5. Geospatial Analysis of Renewable Energy Potential in Developing Countries.

6. The Influence of Border Landscapes on Migration Patterns and Policies.

7. Mapping the Digital Divide: Geographic Disparities in Internet Access and Usage.

8. The Effects of Tourism on Cultural Landscape Conservation in Heritage Sites.

9. The Role of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in Disaster Risk Reduction.

10. Urban Agriculture: Spatial Analysis of Community Gardens and Food Security.

Environmental science dissertation topics

1. The Efficacy of Marine Protected Areas in Biodiversity Conservation and Fisheries Management.

2. The Role of Citizen Science in Monitoring Climate Change Impacts on Local Ecosystems.

3. Evaluating the Ecological Footprint of Fast Fashion on Water Resources.

4. The Impact of Microplastics on Aquatic Food Webs and Human Health.

5. Investigating the Carbon Sequestration Potential of Urban Green Spaces.

6. The Use of Remote Sensing to Assess Deforestation Rates in the Amazon Rainforest.

7. Analyzing the Effectiveness of Policy Interventions in Reducing Air Pollution in Megacities.

8. The Contribution of Indigenous Knowledge to Climate Resilience and Adaptation Strategies.

9. The Relationship Between Soil Health and Agricultural Productivity in Organic Farming.

10. Assessing the Environmental and Social Impacts of Hydroelectric Dams in Developing Countries.

Designing dissertation topics

1. The Impact of User Experience (UX) Design on Mobile Application Success.

2. Sustainable Interior Design: Strategies for Reducing Environmental Impact in Commercial Spaces.

3. The Influence of Biophilic Design on Well-being and Productivity in Work Environments.

4. The Role of Graphic Design in Shaping Public Health Campaigns.

5. The Integration of 3D Printing in Product Design and Customization.

6. The Evolution of Typographic Design with the Advent of Digital Media.

7. The Use of Augmented Reality in Enhancing the Retail Shopping Experience.

8. The Principles of Universal Design in Creating Inclusive Public Spaces.

9. The Impact of Color Theory on Brand Identity and Consumer Behavior.

10. The Future of Wearable Technology: Combining Fashion and Functionality.

Artificial intelligence dissertation topics

1. Ethical Considerations in the Deployment of AI for Surveillance and Data Privacy.

2. The Role of AI in Personalizing Education: Adaptive Learning Systems.

3. The Impact of Large Language Models on Predictive Maintenance in Manufacturing.

4. Natural Language Processing and its Application in Sentiment Analysis.

5. The Use of AI in Enhancing Precision Agriculture Techniques.

6. The Development of AI-Driven Assistive Technologies for the Visually Impaired.

7. AI in Space Exploration: Autonomous Rovers and Spacecraft Navigation Systems.

8. The Integration of AI in Creative Industries: Music, Art, and Literature and Story Generation .

9. The Role of Artificial Neural Networks in Financial Market Prediction.

10. The Challenges of Implementing AI in Healthcare: Diagnostics, Treatment, and Patient Privacy.

The 350 dissertation topics presented in this blog are composed to resonate with the diverse interests and scholarly pursuits of graduate students across all streams. In the end, the journey of crafting your dissertation is a unique narrative of personal and academic growth.

To ensure that your work reaches its fullest potential and makes the impact it deserves, consider partnering with professional editing and proofreading services . PaperTrue stands ready to elevate your dissertation to the pinnacle of academic excellence!

Here are some more resources for you:

Top 10 Dissertation Editing & Proofreading Services
The Title Page of a Dissertation
How to Write a Thesis Statement: Examples & Tips
Top 10 Online Thesis Editing and Proofreading Services

Frequently Asked Questions

How do i choose the best dissertation topic from the list provided, can i combine elements from different topics to create a unique dissertation idea, what should i do if i'm interested in a topic but concerned about the scope of the research.

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Home > College of Arts and Sciences > English Language and Literature > Master's Theses

Master's Theses - English Language and Literature

Theses/dissertations from 2023 2023.

“Hideous things have happened here”: Rape myths, rape culture, and healing in adolescent literature , Holly J. Greca

Moments of excess: Type 1 diabetes and the myth of control in adolescent fiction for girls , Michelle E. LeGault

Theses/Dissertations from 2022 2022

A sociophonetic analysis of female-sounding virtual assistants , Alyssa Allen

Vampire narratives: Looking at queer-centric experiences in comparison to hetero-centric norms in order to model a new queer vampiric experience , Marah Heikkila

Theses/Dissertations from 2021 2021

Overhearers’ perceptions of familiarity between interlocutors in computer-mediated communication based on GIF usage , Alexa F. Druckmiller

Feminism by proxy: Jane Austen’s critique of patriarchal society in Pride and Prejudice and Emma , Alexis Miller

The memory of mythmaking: Transgenerational trauma and disability as a collective experience in Afrofuturist storytelling , Jessica Tapley

Theses/Dissertations from 2020 2020

Body image/imagining bodies: Trauma, control, and healing in graphic memoirs about anorexia , Kristine M. Gatchel

Word-final /t/-release and linguistic style: An investigation of the speech of two Jewish women from metro Detroit , Janet Leppala

Hermione syndrome: Reexamining feminist sidekicks and power in 2000-2010 children’s and young adult fantasy literature , Josiah Pankiewicz

Theses/Dissertations from 2018 2018

Fear and (non) fiction: Agrarian anxiety in “The Colour Out of Space” , Antonio Barroso

Sculpted from clay, shaped by power: Feminine narrative and agency in Wonder Woman , Mikala Carpenter

Players in a storm: Climate and political migrants in The Tempest and Othello , Darcie Rees

Reclaiming racial/ethnic identity vs. reconstructing Asian American masculinity in Gene Luen Yang’s American Born Chinese , Hyun-Joo Yoo

Theses/Dissertations from 2017 2017

The organization of turn-taking in fieldwork settings: A case study , Amy Brunett

Exploring the political impact of literature and literary studies in American government , Taylor Dereadt

"We met in a bar by happenstance": Master narratives in couples stories , Brent A. Miller

Theses/Dissertations from 2016 2016

What is the negro woman's story?: Negro Story Magazine and the dialogue of feminist voices , Maureen Convery

Illustrating adolescent awareness: Teaching historical injustices and promoting agency through picture books in secondary classrooms , Melissa Hoak

Phonemic inventory of the Shor language , Uliana Kazagasheva

Cannibalism in contact narratives and the evolution of the wendigo , Michelle Lietz

Parody and the pen: Pippi Longstocking, Harriet M. Welsch, and Flavia de Luce as disrupters of space, language, and the male gaze , Kelsey McLendon

Haec fortis sequitur illam indocti possident: A linguistic analysis of demonstratives in genres of early Latin fragments , Erica L. Meszaros

Tricking for change: Establishing the literary trickster in the western tradition , Christopher Michael Stuart

Because, x: A new construction of because in popular culture , Stephanie Walla

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Dissertation Structure & Layout 101: How to structure your dissertation, thesis or research project.

By: Derek Jansen (MBA) Reviewed By: David Phair (PhD) | July 2019

So, you’ve got a decent understanding of what a dissertation is , you’ve chosen your topic and hopefully you’ve received approval for your research proposal . Awesome! Now its time to start the actual dissertation or thesis writing journey.

To craft a high-quality document, the very first thing you need to understand is dissertation structure . In this post, we’ll walk you through the generic dissertation structure and layout, step by step. We’ll start with the big picture, and then zoom into each chapter to briefly discuss the core contents. If you’re just starting out on your research journey, you should start with this post, which covers the big-picture process of how to write a dissertation or thesis .

Dissertation structure and layout - the basics

The Caveat

In this post, we’ll be discussing a traditional dissertation/thesis structure and layout, which is generally used for social science research across universities, whether in the US, UK, Europe or Australia. However, some universities may have small variations on this structure (extra chapters, merged chapters, slightly different ordering, etc).

So, always check with your university if they have a prescribed structure or layout that they expect you to work with. If not, it’s safe to assume the structure we’ll discuss here is suitable. And even if they do have a prescribed structure, you’ll still get value from this post as we’ll explain the core contents of each section.

Overview: S tructuring a dissertation or thesis

Acknowledgements page
Abstract (or executive summary)
Table of contents , list of figures and tables
Chapter 1: Introduction
Chapter 2: Literature review
Chapter 3: Methodology
Chapter 4: Results
Chapter 5: Discussion
Chapter 6: Conclusion
Reference list

As I mentioned, some universities will have slight variations on this structure. For example, they want an additional “personal reflection chapter”, or they might prefer the results and discussion chapter to be merged into one. Regardless, the overarching flow will always be the same, as this flow reflects the research process , which we discussed here – i.e.:

The introduction chapter presents the core research question and aims .
The literature review chapter assesses what the current research says about this question.
The methodology, results and discussion chapters go about undertaking new research about this question.
The conclusion chapter (attempts to) answer the core research question .

In other words, the dissertation structure and layout reflect the research process of asking a well-defined question(s), investigating, and then answering the question – see below.

A dissertation's structure reflect the research process

To restate that – the structure and layout of a dissertation reflect the flow of the overall research process . This is essential to understand, as each chapter will make a lot more sense if you “get” this concept. If you’re not familiar with the research process, read this post before going further.

Right. Now that we’ve covered the big picture, let’s dive a little deeper into the details of each section and chapter. Oh and by the way, you can also grab our free dissertation/thesis template here to help speed things up.

The title page of your dissertation is the very first impression the marker will get of your work, so it pays to invest some time thinking about your title. But what makes for a good title? A strong title needs to be 3 things:

Succinct (not overly lengthy or verbose)
Specific (not vague or ambiguous)
Representative of the research you’re undertaking (clearly linked to your research questions)

Typically, a good title includes mention of the following:

The broader area of the research (i.e. the overarching topic)
The specific focus of your research (i.e. your specific context)
Indication of research design (e.g. quantitative , qualitative , or mixed methods ).

For example:

A quantitative investigation [research design] into the antecedents of organisational trust [broader area] in the UK retail forex trading market [specific context/area of focus].

Again, some universities may have specific requirements regarding the format and structure of the title, so it’s worth double-checking expectations with your institution (if there’s no mention in the brief or study material).

Acknowledgements

This page provides you with an opportunity to say thank you to those who helped you along your research journey. Generally, it’s optional (and won’t count towards your marks), but it is academic best practice to include this.

So, who do you say thanks to? Well, there’s no prescribed requirements, but it’s common to mention the following people:

Your dissertation supervisor or committee.
Any professors, lecturers or academics that helped you understand the topic or methodologies.
Any tutors, mentors or advisors.
Your family and friends, especially spouse (for adult learners studying part-time).

There’s no need for lengthy rambling. Just state who you’re thankful to and for what (e.g. thank you to my supervisor, John Doe, for his endless patience and attentiveness) – be sincere. In terms of length, you should keep this to a page or less.

Abstract or executive summary

The dissertation abstract (or executive summary for some degrees) serves to provide the first-time reader (and marker or moderator) with a big-picture view of your research project. It should give them an understanding of the key insights and findings from the research, without them needing to read the rest of the report – in other words, it should be able to stand alone .

For it to stand alone, your abstract should cover the following key points (at a minimum):

Your research questions and aims – what key question(s) did your research aim to answer?
Your methodology – how did you go about investigating the topic and finding answers to your research question(s)?
Your findings – following your own research, what did do you discover?
Your conclusions – based on your findings, what conclusions did you draw? What answers did you find to your research question(s)?

So, in much the same way the dissertation structure mimics the research process, your abstract or executive summary should reflect the research process, from the initial stage of asking the original question to the final stage of answering that question.

In practical terms, it’s a good idea to write this section up last , once all your core chapters are complete. Otherwise, you’ll end up writing and rewriting this section multiple times (just wasting time). For a step by step guide on how to write a strong executive summary, check out this post .

Need a helping hand?

This section is straightforward. You’ll typically present your table of contents (TOC) first, followed by the two lists – figures and tables. I recommend that you use Microsoft Word’s automatic table of contents generator to generate your TOC. If you’re not familiar with this functionality, the video below explains it simply:

If you find that your table of contents is overly lengthy, consider removing one level of depth. Oftentimes, this can be done without detracting from the usefulness of the TOC.

Right, now that the “admin” sections are out of the way, its time to move on to your core chapters. These chapters are the heart of your dissertation and are where you’ll earn the marks. The first chapter is the introduction chapter – as you would expect, this is the time to introduce your research…

It’s important to understand that even though you’ve provided an overview of your research in your abstract, your introduction needs to be written as if the reader has not read that (remember, the abstract is essentially a standalone document). So, your introduction chapter needs to start from the very beginning, and should address the following questions:

What will you be investigating (in plain-language, big picture-level)?
Why is that worth investigating? How is it important to academia or business? How is it sufficiently original?
What are your research aims and research question(s)? Note that the research questions can sometimes be presented at the end of the literature review (next chapter).
What is the scope of your study? In other words, what will and won’t you cover ?
How will you approach your research? In other words, what methodology will you adopt?
How will you structure your dissertation? What are the core chapters and what will you do in each of them?

These are just the bare basic requirements for your intro chapter. Some universities will want additional bells and whistles in the intro chapter, so be sure to carefully read your brief or consult your research supervisor.

If done right, your introduction chapter will set a clear direction for the rest of your dissertation. Specifically, it will make it clear to the reader (and marker) exactly what you’ll be investigating, why that’s important, and how you’ll be going about the investigation. Conversely, if your introduction chapter leaves a first-time reader wondering what exactly you’ll be researching, you’ve still got some work to do.

Now that you’ve set a clear direction with your introduction chapter, the next step is the literature review . In this section, you will analyse the existing research (typically academic journal articles and high-quality industry publications), with a view to understanding the following questions:

What does the literature currently say about the topic you’re investigating?
Is the literature lacking or well established? Is it divided or in disagreement?
How does your research fit into the bigger picture?
How does your research contribute something original?
How does the methodology of previous studies help you develop your own?

Depending on the nature of your study, you may also present a conceptual framework towards the end of your literature review, which you will then test in your actual research.

Again, some universities will want you to focus on some of these areas more than others, some will have additional or fewer requirements, and so on. Therefore, as always, its important to review your brief and/or discuss with your supervisor, so that you know exactly what’s expected of your literature review chapter.

Now that you’ve investigated the current state of knowledge in your literature review chapter and are familiar with the existing key theories, models and frameworks, its time to design your own research. Enter the methodology chapter – the most “science-ey” of the chapters…

In this chapter, you need to address two critical questions:

Exactly HOW will you carry out your research (i.e. what is your intended research design)?
Exactly WHY have you chosen to do things this way (i.e. how do you justify your design)?

Remember, the dissertation part of your degree is first and foremost about developing and demonstrating research skills . Therefore, the markers want to see that you know which methods to use, can clearly articulate why you’ve chosen then, and know how to deploy them effectively.

Importantly, this chapter requires detail – don’t hold back on the specifics. State exactly what you’ll be doing, with who, when, for how long, etc. Moreover, for every design choice you make, make sure you justify it.

In practice, you will likely end up coming back to this chapter once you’ve undertaken all your data collection and analysis, and revise it based on changes you made during the analysis phase. This is perfectly fine. Its natural for you to add an additional analysis technique, scrap an old one, etc based on where your data lead you. Of course, I’m talking about small changes here – not a fundamental switch from qualitative to quantitative, which will likely send your supervisor in a spin!

You’ve now collected your data and undertaken your analysis, whether qualitative, quantitative or mixed methods. In this chapter, you’ll present the raw results of your analysis . For example, in the case of a quant study, you’ll present the demographic data, descriptive statistics, inferential statistics , etc.

Typically, Chapter 4 is simply a presentation and description of the data, not a discussion of the meaning of the data. In other words, it’s descriptive, rather than analytical – the meaning is discussed in Chapter 5. However, some universities will want you to combine chapters 4 and 5, so that you both present and interpret the meaning of the data at the same time. Check with your institution what their preference is.

Now that you’ve presented the data analysis results, its time to interpret and analyse them. In other words, its time to discuss what they mean, especially in relation to your research question(s).

What you discuss here will depend largely on your chosen methodology. For example, if you’ve gone the quantitative route, you might discuss the relationships between variables . If you’ve gone the qualitative route, you might discuss key themes and the meanings thereof. It all depends on what your research design choices were.

Most importantly, you need to discuss your results in relation to your research questions and aims, as well as the existing literature. What do the results tell you about your research questions? Are they aligned with the existing research or at odds? If so, why might this be? Dig deep into your findings and explain what the findings suggest, in plain English.

The final chapter – you’ve made it! Now that you’ve discussed your interpretation of the results, its time to bring it back to the beginning with the conclusion chapter . In other words, its time to (attempt to) answer your original research question s (from way back in chapter 1). Clearly state what your conclusions are in terms of your research questions. This might feel a bit repetitive, as you would have touched on this in the previous chapter, but its important to bring the discussion full circle and explicitly state your answer(s) to the research question(s).

Next, you’ll typically discuss the implications of your findings . In other words, you’ve answered your research questions – but what does this mean for the real world (or even for academia)? What should now be done differently, given the new insight you’ve generated?

Lastly, you should discuss the limitations of your research, as well as what this means for future research in the area. No study is perfect, especially not a Masters-level. Discuss the shortcomings of your research. Perhaps your methodology was limited, perhaps your sample size was small or not representative, etc, etc. Don’t be afraid to critique your work – the markers want to see that you can identify the limitations of your work. This is a strength, not a weakness. Be brutal!

This marks the end of your core chapters – woohoo! From here on out, it’s pretty smooth sailing.

The reference list is straightforward. It should contain a list of all resources cited in your dissertation, in the required format, e.g. APA , Harvard, etc.

It’s essential that you use reference management software for your dissertation. Do NOT try handle your referencing manually – its far too error prone. On a reference list of multiple pages, you’re going to make mistake. To this end, I suggest considering either Mendeley or Zotero. Both are free and provide a very straightforward interface to ensure that your referencing is 100% on point. I’ve included a simple how-to video for the Mendeley software (my personal favourite) below:

Some universities may ask you to include a bibliography, as opposed to a reference list. These two things are not the same . A bibliography is similar to a reference list, except that it also includes resources which informed your thinking but were not directly cited in your dissertation. So, double-check your brief and make sure you use the right one.

The very last piece of the puzzle is the appendix or set of appendices. This is where you’ll include any supporting data and evidence. Importantly, supporting is the keyword here.

Your appendices should provide additional “nice to know”, depth-adding information, which is not critical to the core analysis. Appendices should not be used as a way to cut down word count (see this post which covers how to reduce word count ). In other words, don’t place content that is critical to the core analysis here, just to save word count. You will not earn marks on any content in the appendices, so don’t try to play the system!

Time to recap…

And there you have it – the traditional dissertation structure and layout, from A-Z. To recap, the core structure for a dissertation or thesis is (typically) as follows:

Acknowledgments page

Most importantly, the core chapters should reflect the research process (asking, investigating and answering your research question). Moreover, the research question(s) should form the golden thread throughout your dissertation structure. Everything should revolve around the research questions, and as you’ve seen, they should form both the start point (i.e. introduction chapter) and the endpoint (i.e. conclusion chapter).

I hope this post has provided you with clarity about the traditional dissertation/thesis structure and layout. If you have any questions or comments, please leave a comment below, or feel free to get in touch with us. Also, be sure to check out the rest of the Grad Coach Blog .

Psst... there’s more!

This post was based on one of our popular Research Bootcamps . If you're working on a research project, you'll definitely want to check this out ...

36 Comments

many thanks i found it very useful

Glad to hear that, Arun. Good luck writing your dissertation.

Such clear practical logical advice. I very much needed to read this to keep me focused in stead of fretting.. Perfect now ready to start my research!

what about scientific fields like computer or engineering thesis what is the difference in the structure? thank you very much

Thanks so much this helped me a lot!

Very helpful and accessible. What I like most is how practical the advice is along with helpful tools/ links.

Thanks Ade!

Thank you so much sir.. It was really helpful..

You’re welcome!

Hi! How many words maximum should contain the abstract?

Thank you so much 😊 Find this at the right moment

You’re most welcome. Good luck with your dissertation.

best ever benefit i got on right time thank you

Many times Clarity and vision of destination of dissertation is what makes the difference between good ,average and great researchers the same way a great automobile driver is fast with clarity of address and Clear weather conditions .

I guess Great researcher = great ideas + knowledge + great and fast data collection and modeling + great writing + high clarity on all these

You have given immense clarity from start to end.

Morning. Where will I write the definitions of what I’m referring to in my report?

Thank you so much Derek, I was almost lost! Thanks a tonnnn! Have a great day!

Thanks ! so concise and valuable

This was very helpful. Clear and concise. I know exactly what to do now.

Thank you for allowing me to go through briefly. I hope to find time to continue.

Really useful to me. Thanks a thousand times

Very interesting! It will definitely set me and many more for success. highly recommended.

Thank you soo much sir, for the opportunity to express my skills

Usefull, thanks a lot. Really clear

Very nice and easy to understand. Thank you .

That was incredibly useful. Thanks Grad Coach Crew!

My stress level just dropped at least 15 points after watching this. Just starting my thesis for my grad program and I feel a lot more capable now! Thanks for such a clear and helpful video, Emma and the GradCoach team!

Do we need to mention the number of words the dissertation contains in the main document?

It depends on your university’s requirements, so it would be best to check with them 🙂

Such a helpful post to help me get started with structuring my masters dissertation, thank you!

Great video; I appreciate that helpful information

It is so necessary or avital course

This blog is very informative for my research. Thank you

Doctoral students are required to fill out the National Research Council’s Survey of Earned Doctorates

wow this is an amazing gain in my life

This is so good

How can i arrange my specific objectives in my dissertation?

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FindAMasters
Researching and Writing a Masters Dissertation

Written by Mark Bennett

All Masters programmes include some form of extended individual project. Research-focussed programmes, such as an MRes , may include multiple independent research components. Taught courses usually culminate with a substantial research task, referred to as the Masters dissertation or thesis.

This article talks about how long a Masters dissertation is and the structure it follows.Before you get started on your dissertation, you'll usually need to write a proposal. Read our full guide to Masters dissertation proposals for more information on what this should include!

Masters dissertation - key facts
Length	15,000 - 20,000 words
Structure	Abstract (300 words) Introduction (1,000 words) Literature review (1,000 words) Research methodology (1,500 words) Results Discussion (12,000 words) Conclusion (1,500 words) References/Bibliography Appendices
Supervision	Yes, you’ll be paired with an academic from your own university
Assessment	External examiner along with additional members of faculty. There is not usually a viva at Masters level.

To answer your overall research question comprehensively, you’ll be expected to identify and examine specific areas of your topic. This can be like producing a series of shorter pieces of work, similar to those required by individual modules. However, there’s the additional requirement that they collectively support a broader set of conclusions.

This more involved Masters dissertation structure will:

Give you the scope to investigate your subject in greater detail than is possible at undergraduate level
Challenge you to be effective at organising your work so that its individual components function as stages in a coherent and persuasive overall argument
Allow you to develop and hone a suitable research methodology (for example, choosing between qualitative and quantitative methods)

If the individual topics within your overall project require you to access separate sources or datasets, this may also have an impact on your research process.

As a postgraduate, you’ll be expected to establish and assert your own critical voice as a member of the academic community associated with your field .

During your Masters thesis you’ll need to show that you are not just capable of analysing and critiquing original data or primary source material. You should also demonstrate awareness of the existing body of scholarship relating to your topic .

So, if you’ll excuse the pun, a ‘Masters’ degree really is about achieving ‘mastery’ of your particular specialism and the dissertation is where you’ll demonstrate this: showing off the scholarly expertise and research skills that you’ve developed across your programme.

What’s the difference between a dissertation and a thesis?

A dissertation is a long piece of (usually) written work on the same topic. A thesis is a little more specific: it usually means something that presents an original argument based on the interpretation of data, statistics or content.

So, a thesis is almost always presented as a dissertation, but not all dissertations present a thesis.

Masters dissertation structure

As you can probably imagine, no two dissertations follow the exact same structure, especially given the differences found between Masters programmes from university to university and country to country .

That said, there are several key components that make up the structure of a typical Masters dissertation

How long is a Masters dissertation?

Most dissertations will typically be between 15,000 and 20,000 words long, although this can vary significantly depending on the nature of the programme.

You should also check with your university exactly which sections of the dissertation count towards the final word count (the abstract, bibliography and appendices won’t usually be included in the total).

Usually around 300 words long, the abstract is meant to be a concise summary of your dissertation. It should briefly cover the question(s) you aim to answer, your primary argument and your conclusion.

Introduction

The purpose of the introduction is to provide context for the rest of the dissertation, setting out your aims and the scope of what you want to achieve with your research. The introduction should give a clear overview of the dissertation’s chapters and will usually be around 1,000 words long.

Literature review

This part of the dissertation should examine the scholarship that has already been published in your field, presenting various arguments and counter-arguments while situating your own research within this wider body of work.

You should analyse and evaluate other publications and explain how your dissertation will contribute to the existing literature in your subject area. The literature review sometimes forms part of the introduction or follows immediately on from it. Most literature reviews are up to 1,000 words long.

Research methodology

Not all dissertations will require a section covering research methodology (Arts and Humanities dissertations won’t normally undertake the kind of research that involves a set methodology). However, if you are using a particular method to collect information for your dissertation, you should make sure to explain the rationale behind your choice of methodology. The word count for this part of the dissertation is usually around the 1,500 mark.

Those in the Arts and Humanities will usually outline their theoretical perspectives and approaches as part of the introduction, rather than requiring a detailed explanation of the methodology for their data collection and analysis.

Results / findings

If your research involves some form of survey or experiment, this is where you’ll present the results of your work. Depending on the nature of the study, this might be in the form of graphs, tables or charts – or even just a written description of what the research entailed and what the findings were.

This section forms the bulk of your dissertation and should be carefully structured using a series of related chapters (and sub-chapters). There should be a logical progression from one chapter to the next, with each part building on the arguments of its predecessor.

It can be helpful to think of your Masters dissertation as a series of closely interlinked essays, rather than one overwhelming paper. The size of this section will depend on the overall word count for your dissertation. However, to give you a rough idea for a 15,000-word dissertation, the discussion part will generally be about 12,000 words long.

Here you should draw together the threads of the previous discussion chapters and make your final concluding statements, drawing on evidence and arguments that you’ve already explored over the course of the dissertation. Explain the significance of your findings and point towards directions that future research could follow. This section of the Masters thesis will be around 1,500 words long.

References / bibliography

While planning and writing your dissertation, you should keep an extensive, organised record of any papers, sources or books you’ve quoted (or referred to). This will be a lot easier than leaving all of it until the end and struggling to work out where a particular quotation is from!

Appendices won’t be necessary in many dissertations, but you may need to include supplementary material to support your argument. This could be interview transcripts or questionnaires. If including such content within the body of the dissertation won’t be feasible – i.e. there wouldn’t be enough space or it would break the flow of your writing – you should consult with your supervisor and consider attaching it in an appendix.

It’s worth bearing in mind that these sections won’t always be discretely labelled in every dissertation. For example, everything up to ‘discussion’ might be covered in introductory chapter (rather than as distinct sections). If you’re unsure about the structure of your Masters dissertation, your supervisor will be able to help you map it out.

How does supervision work for a Masters dissertation?

As a Masters student at the dissertation stage you’ll usually be matched with an academic within your institution who will be tasked with guiding your work. This might be someone who has already taught you, or it may be another scholar whose research interests and expertise align well with what you want to do. You may be able to request a particular supervisor, but taught postgraduates are more likely to be assigned them by their department.

Specific arrangements with your supervisor will vary depending on your institution and subject area. They will usually meet with you at the beginning of the dissertation period to discuss your project and agree a suitable schedule for its undertaking. This timetable will probably set dates for:

Subsequent discussions and progress checks
The submission of draft chapters or sections
Feedback appointments

Though your supervisor is there to help and advise you, it is important to remember that your dissertation is a personal research project with associated expectations of you as an independent scholar.

As a rule of thumb, you can expect your supervisor to read each part of your dissertation once at the draft stage and to offer feedback. Most will not have time to look at lots of subsequent revisions, but may respond favourably to polite requests for exceptions (provided their own workload permits it).

Inundating your supervisor with emails or multiple iterations of draft material is best avoided; they will have their own research to manage (as well as other supervision assignments) and will be able to offer better quality feedback if you stick to an agreed schedule.

How is a Masters dissertation assessed and examined?

On most courses your dissertation will be assessed by an external examiner (as well as additional members of faculty within your university who haven’t been responsible for supervising you), but these will read and critique the work you submit without personally questioning and testing you on it.

Though this examination process is not as challenging as the oral defence or ‘ viva voce ’ required for a PhD thesis, the grading of your Masters dissertation is still a fundamental component of your degree.

On some programmes the result awarded to a student’s dissertation may determine the upper grade-band that can be awarded to their degree.

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Least Known Ways on How To Choose a Thesis Topic

Developing a topic for any given subject is no easy task for anyone. Whether you are in high school, undergraduate or postgraduate level, this is no mean feat. That is why you need to learn how to come up with a thesis topic painstakingly. The key to unlocking all this lies in the next few lines. Journey with me as we master the art of choosing a thesis topic together.

What Are Thesis Project Ideas?

You will quickly know how to pick a thesis topic if you understand what it means. A thesis topic gives you the unique opportunity to showcase your mastery of the field of study you have invested in for years. It also presents you with a chance to contribute to the body of knowledge on a specific subject within your studying area.

Now that you understand a thesis topic knowing how to find a thesis topic becomes an exciting rather than a dreadful moment. Let me show you the fun part of it all.

How To Find Good Thesis Topics: Underlying Challenges

The little attention that all of us give to such an essential part of the writing process is what kills it. Instead of investing hundreds of hours and tremendous effort, many students have underrated this crucial research writing aspect. Below are some of the stumbling blocks to picking a thesis subject:

Most scholars do not understand how cumbersome the whole process is Lack of an effective system of counseling on how to choose a dissertation topic Time constraint for Masters and Ph.D. students

Most students will end up in their final years of study, having no idea how to pick a thesis topic and proceed with their research work.

But this ought not to be the case. With the expert tricks and tips below, you will know how to choose a thesis topic for masters or Ph.D. with ease. Scroll down for more.

How To Pick a Topic For Your Thesis Painstakingly

While these tips may not be the magic formula or secret ‘topic portion’ to selecting thesis ideas, they are essential for starters. They provide you with a good foundation on which to formulate your topic ideas.

Here we go!

Having a researchable topic: First of all, consider all the resources at hand – time, money, and sources. Then, you can choose a thesis topic that you can do justice to effortlessly. The topic should interest you first: I find it odd to do something that I don’t like. Therefore, your thesis topic should ignite the motivation and enthusiasm in you to work it out. What are your strengths? Consider what you are good at, powerful suits that can be applied to a research project. Look at every available resource or things in your life that can propel you to choosing a dissertation topic. Originality, context, and execution: It would be blunt for a reader to bump into a topic that he/she has encountered somewhere else. The thesis topic you choose should be original and one that fits within the context of your audience. Formulate a question: Many thought-provoking questions can act as a stepping stone to your quality thesis topic. Look for gaps in the already published works: None of us knows everything, but we at least know something. Therefore, you can read the published results with an open mind, identify the missing links, and then write on them. Have a specific perspective: From what unique point of view do you wish to present your phenomenon? Embrace creativity: All of us are creative in our unique ways. Making use of your imagination can be a gold mine to finding a top-notch thesis topic. Brainstorm with classmates: This is one of the most common yet misused ways of finding thesis topics. To get the best out of this, brainstorm ideas to expand your knowledge base. Consult your faculty: It will help identify the structure, in-house style, or possible thesis topics for your particular research field.

What excuse do you have now for not coming up with a thrilling thesis topic thick and fast? Here are some professionally handpicked thesis topics examples to get you started:

The Best Thesis Topic Ideas in 2023

The place of democracy in the US following the violence at its Capitol
How the coronavirus has changed interpersonal relationships
The rise of feminists in the 21st century
The impact of social media in mobilizing and creating awareness
Why you should always put on your mask
Is China taking over the world economy?

Interesting Thesis Topic Ideas

Emerging business ethics in the digital space
Effectiveness of the death sentence for capital offenses
Impact of Mandatory Minimum sentencing
Drunk driving during festivities
Why doping is still a threat in athletics
Legalization of marijuana

Controversial Thesis Topics

Abortion and human rights
The role of religion
5G and coronavirus
Origin of coronavirus
Is assisted suicide legal?
Gun control policies

Easy Thesis Topics

Legal drinking age
Masks and coronavirus prevention
The role of mentors
Is TV causing obesity?
Internet and moral decay
Is homework beneficial?

Master Thesis Ideas

College admission policies
Online writing sites
Is it legal to pay for thesis?
Sex education in schools
Alternative energy sources
Geoengineering

If you still haven’t found what you were looking for, our pro thesis writers are here for you. We offer cheap, quality online writing help to all students. Try us today.

How to Write an Essay Outline: Examples, FAQs & Tips

An essay outline is a structured plan that organizes the main points and supporting details of an essay before writing. It guides the flow of ideas and ensures that each section of the essay is logically connected and coherent.

In this article, we'll walk you through the steps to build a strong essay outline. You'll discover how to define your thesis, arrange your main points, and structure your outline for clarity and effectiveness. If you're still having trouble putting your outline together after reading this, EssayService can provide expert help to make sure your essay is well-structured and persuasive!

Basic Elements of an Essay

An essay begins with an introduction, which is followed by one or more body paragraphs that expand on the points introduced. It ends with a conclusion that restates the thesis and summarizes the main ideas from the body paragraphs.

Introduction

The introduction of an essay introduces the topic and engages the reader from the start. It usually starts with a hook—a statement or question that grabs attention. After the hook, some background information is given to provide context for the topic.

The introduction ends with a thesis statement, which clearly presents the main argument or purpose of the essay. This section not only introduces the topic but also outlines what the essay will cover, setting the tone for what follows.

Avoid these pitfalls:

Don't try to cover too much ground in your introduction.
Avoid vagueness. Be specific and precise in your language.

Body Paragraphs

The body of the essay is where your main ideas and arguments take shape. Each paragraph should open with a topic sentence that clearly states the main point. This is followed by supporting details like evidence, examples, and analysis that back up the topic sentence.

Smooth transitions between paragraphs are key to maintaining a logical flow throughout the essay. Together, the body paragraphs build and support the thesis by adding depth and detail to your argument.

Remember these tips for effective body paragraphs:

Begin each paragraph with a clear and concise topic sentence.
Use specific examples, facts, or quotes to support your point.
Explain why the evidence is important and how it relates to your argument.

The conclusion of an essay wraps up the argument and reinforces the thesis. It usually starts by restating the thesis and reflecting on the discussion and evidence presented in the body paragraphs. A brief summary of the main points follows, highlighting the key arguments made throughout the essay.

The conclusion should close with a final thought or call to action, leaving the reader with something to think about or a sense of closure. The aim is to make a lasting impression that emphasizes the importance of the essay's conclusions.

Remember these tips:

Briefly recap the key arguments you've made.
Leave the reader with a thought-provoking final sentence or a call to action.
Don't introduce any new ideas or arguments in your conclusion.

How to Write an Essay Outline?

Now, let's dive into the heart of this article and show you how to write an essay outline in just four smart steps:

Determining your thesis and key arguments
Organizing points into sections
Adding supporting details
Drafting a rough outline

Determine Your Thesis and Key Arguments

Your thesis should present a specific point of view or a central idea that your essay will support or explore. Here's how to identify your thesis:

Ask a question: What is the main point you want to convey?
Brainstorm: Jot down ideas related to your topic.
Refine your ideas: Narrow down your focus and develop a clear argument.

Once you have your thesis, identify the main points that support it. These points should be logical, relevant, and comprehensive.

Divide your thesis: Break down your thesis into its key components.
Create a mind map: Visually organize your ideas.
Ask yourself questions: What are the main reasons for your argument? What evidence supports your claims?

Group Main Ideas into Sections

The best way to organize your main points when writing an essay outline depends on the specific topic and purpose of your essay. Experiment with different arrangements to find the one that works best for you. Here are some strategies for organizing your main points:

	Use this when	Example
Chronological Order	Your essay is about a sequence of events or a process.	An essay about the history of the French Revolution could be organized chronologically, starting with the causes and ending with the aftermath.
Spatial Order	Your essay is describing a physical space or object.	An essay about the architecture of the Colosseum could be organized spatially, moving from the exterior to the interior.
Order of Importance	Your main points vary in significance.	An essay arguing for stricter gun control laws might begin with the most compelling argument and end with the least compelling.
Compare and Contrast Order	Your essay examines similarities and differences between two or more things.	An essay comparing the philosophies of Plato and Aristotle could be organized by alternating between points of similarity and difference.

Add Details to Each Main Idea

When working on your essay outline, remember to choose supporting details that are relevant, specific, and convincing. The more evidence you can provide, the stronger your arguments will be. Consider these tips for developing supporting details for each one.

Provide examples: "For example, the Great Depression led to a significant increase in homelessness and poverty."
Cite expert opinions: "As the renowned historian, Eric Hobsbawm, once said, 'The French Revolution was a watershed moment in European history.'"
Make comparisons and contrasts: "While both cats and dogs make excellent pets, cats are generally more independent, while dogs are more social."
Offer definitions: "A democracy is a form of government in which the people have the power to elect their leaders."

Make a Rough Outline

Once you've developed supporting details for each main point, you're ready to create a draft outline. This outline will serve as a roadmap for your essay, guiding you through the writing process.

Here's a basic outline template:

Background information
Thesis statement

Body Paragraph 1

Topic sentence
Supporting detail 1
Supporting detail 2
Supporting detail 3

Body Paragraph 2

Body Paragraph 3

Restate thesis
Summarize key points
Final thought

Remember to:

Use consistent formatting: Indent supporting details.
Label sections clearly: Use Roman numerals for main points and letters for supporting details.
Be flexible: Adjust your outline as needed to accommodate new ideas or changes in your argument.

Essay Outline Examples

Now that you have an understanding of the basic structure of an essay outline let's explore some specific examples tailored to different essay genres. Remember, these are just templates, and you should feel free to adapt each essay outline example to fit your unique needs and writing style.

Argumentative Essay Outline

I. Introduction

Hook: A captivating opening sentence to grab the reader's attention.
Background information: Relevant context to the topic.
Thesis statement: A clear and concise statement of your argument.

II. Body Paragraph 1

Topic sentence: The main point of this paragraph.
Supporting evidence: Facts, statistics, examples, or expert opinions to support your argument.
Explanation: Analysis of the evidence and its relevance to your thesis.

III. Body Paragraph 2

Topic sentence: The second main point of your argument.
Supporting evidence: Facts, statistics, examples, or expert opinions.

IV. Body Paragraph 3

Topic sentence: The third main point of your argument.

V. Counterargument

Acknowledge opposing viewpoint: Briefly mention a counterargument.
Refute counterargument: Provide evidence or reasoning to disprove the opposing viewpoint.

VI. Conclusion

Restate thesis: Reiterate your main argument.
Summarize key points: Briefly recap the main supporting points.
Final thought: Leave the reader with a memorable and impactful statement.

Expository Essay Outline

A. Hook: Start with an engaging statement or fact to grab the reader's attention.
B. Background Information: Provide context or background information necessary for understanding the topic.
C. Thesis Statement: Clearly state the main point or purpose of the essay.
A. Topic Sentence: Introduce the main idea of the paragraph.
B. Explanation/Detail: Provide a detailed explanation or description of the first point.
C. Evidence/Example: Include evidence or examples to support the explanation.
D. Analysis: Explain how the evidence or example supports the topic sentence.
B. Explanation/Detail: Provide a detailed explanation or description of the second point.
B. Explanation/Detail: Provide a detailed explanation or description of the third point.

V. Conclusion

A. Restate Thesis: Restate the thesis in a new way, summarizing the main points of the essay.
B. Summary of Main Points: Briefly summarize the key points discussed in the body paragraphs.
C. Final Thought: End with a concluding statement that reinforces the significance of the topic or provides a closing thought.

Persuasive Essays Outline

Background information: Provide context or history related to your topic.
Thesis statement: Clearly state your argument or position.
Main argument: Present your strongest argument in support of your thesis.
Supporting evidence: Use facts, statistics, examples, or expert opinions to back up your argument.
Counterargument: Briefly acknowledge an opposing viewpoint.
Rebuttal: Refute the counterargument with evidence or reasoning.
Main argument: Present your second strongest argument in support of your thesis.
Main argument: Present your third strongest argument in support of your thesis.
Restate thesis: Briefly rephrase your argument.
Summarize key points: Recap the main supporting arguments.
Call to action: Encourage the reader to take a specific action or adopt a particular viewpoint.

Final Words

As we sum up this article, let's recap the main steps for writing an outline:

Determine the main argument or purpose of your essay.
Break down your thesis into key ideas or arguments.
Group related ideas together under clear headings.
Include evidence, examples, and explanations for each main point.
Arrange everything in a logical order, ensuring a smooth flow from one section to the next.

To ensure your writing is well-structured and effective, rely on EssayService, which is here to help with any type of essay.

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Speaker 1: Hi, my name is Shady Atia. I'm going to present today a presentation on writing a research proposal. This is a very important presentation for postgraduates in order to learn how to write a research proposal. My presentation will go through four main axes. I will present how to write a what is actually a research proposal, how to define your topic, how to organize your research proposal and finally how to write it technically and presented. Well, let's see the first question. What is a research proposal? A research proposal is a statement of intent where you describe your intentions and simply we can describe it into a motivational intention manuscript where you declare your intentions and show your motivations and it's very important in this sense that you define the scope of your topic, the subject enough it has to be specific enough and you have to have a specific aim and objective related to your topic and definitely it would reflect your interest and it should be your own research so therefore you should also explain why is this topic better than other topics and you have to show that this is the first time subject that will be innovative you not previously addressed in a way and that you will carry that responsibility and present it through the research proposal. Well, the next question comes to what are the types of research proposal that we have. Many people get confused about that. We have a research proposal that is mainly under a thesis. A thesis is mainly a manuscript that you write for a master degree and it answers a research question based on existing knowledge. And here we are looking to your capacity to critical think and analyze deep information and process that and presented as new knowledge. While there is another type of manuscript that is called dissertations, the dissertations that are mainly for PhD doctoral degrees and in this sense you have to create a significant new contribution to knowledge and you have to come up with a new solution for a problem or a cure for a certain contextual problem. Well there is a third type of research proposal that you could write for funding grants like the Belgian research institutes or you write it for national research organizations in order to go through a competition process to win a funding to cover research topic okay well these are the three type of proposal that you can write next I will move to the second important question how to define your topic this is a not an easy task because you are most probably not having large experience with doing research and sometimes it's very difficult to do that so in this sense you have to define your topic and the process should start by identifying a general idea or an area of research and then develop it and focus on a certain research question so you have to ask yourself the following question is the topic related to real life because we are looking to applied science we are looking applied research So you have to make sure that this is related to real life. When you answer this question, you have to come to the next question. Is your topic related to societal problem? Is it a real problem in the society that your research is addressing? Is your topic going to be useful and interesting or did someone before answer it? So you must make sure that the topic is useful and interesting. Is your topic focused and specific or is it very broad and large? The more the topic is large and generic, the more it's difficult to come up with something new, it's difficult to process the work. Can your idea fill a gap in research? Do we have a problem or a topic that was not addressed previously by another researcher? So you have also to make sure that your research topic is not a kind of common topic that has been processed by many people. Always you must look for a gap or something that is missing and make sure that your research will cover that area and definitely you should ask yourself will this study generate new knowledge and this is very important because when you generate new knowledge then you have a real contribution and your research is worthy and you should also ask would the benefit from it the architects the engineers the professional in your field is it going to advance the understanding or influence policy this is very important and definitely finally should ask yourself Will this study fill a gap in existing knowledge or resolve current controversies? So these kind of series of questions, you can use them as a kind of checklist, as a starting approach, after defining a general topic you are interested in, and go step by step trying to answer them until you can define and shape your research topic. Well, there are some golden rules you should keep in mind while defining your research topic. You must be passionate about the topic because it should come from you. It should be your interest that you are related. You might ask your supervisor or follow a previously developed idea or concept from your supervisor or your professor. But in the same time, you must have the passion related to this topic. So this is very important. The second Gordon rule is related to the discoveries. Could the topic lead to discoveries? you should not promise to guarantee a discovery, but you should have a kind of estimation this could topic lead to discoveries or not. And you have to make sure that this is catchy topic. It catch the attention. People will be interested in it. It's grabby. It's really related to society. People will really would like to listen to what you are going to present and read it through your manuscripts. And definitely you have to formulate very clearly your objectives and aims so that you are focused in your research and having a very specific topic. And finally, you should select a supervisor, he or she that can help you through this process and has the ability and the skills to guide you through the process. So these are kind of five golden rules I would like to highlight. You must follow them to make sure that you are on the right track. Now, after describing what is a research proposal and how to do it, I would start to talk about the content. The content is very important. Many people don't know how to write a proposal, what should be the order of the information. And here are kind of 10 major elements you should focus on in writing a research proposal. You should cover issues related to the title and the keywords related to your research topic, brief abstract describing your topic, a problem statement, aims and objectives, the significance and importance of your topic and the audience that your research is catering for, the state of the art, the methodologies, your expected results and definitely you should describe the project outline and the impact and the biography of your research. Well let's start with this and and I'm going to describe everyone into detail. Well, when I'm talking about title and keywords, this is very important. Why? Because a title and a keyword is not an easy task. A title in general should be catchy and should be precise. So these are some rules that you should follow to have a good title. It has to be a specific title, accurate, not too long, catchy, and it has to contain the main idea. I should read the title and figure out most probably what is this thesis about or what is this dissertation about. So you have to look at the title in a way and revise it and think about it and most of the time good titles start with an action verb let's say like simulation of comparison of assessment of these are all examples that you can look at and start with them your title. Once you have an action verb it shows already that you are trying to do something to cater or to address a certain problem and most of the time a researcher doing a master thesis or a PhD thesis or even a research for grant proposals he or she should look at these verbs as a starting to identify and formulate their title well once you are done with your title that's not enough you have to define next to the title keywords well you will ask what's the point I just defined the topic and I have a title now why should I use keywords well keywords are very important they should not exceed six to eight words and actually we use terminologies or we will use words that are not in the title in this sense you are helping the search engine to extend the topic so I let me let me give you an example. My topic of my research is called Dynamic Building Kit for Adaptable and Reusable Wall Solutions. That's the title. The title is talking about developing a building kit that could be adaptable, that could be assembled and disassembled for materials or building components that could be reused, okay, and specifically on walls. This is the title and I understand it like that? Well, I can add to that some keywords. These keywords can help me to describe more. I can say that I'm talking about design solutions. I'm talking specifically on post-war housing. I can add a context or a city to describe where I am, Liège in this case. I can add the keyword energy efficiency renovation like that I am extending my title and amending additional words that can help in the understanding of topic and once you do a research with these keywords the topic will pop up in the search engine much much easier so actually this is very important to define your keywords associated with your topic and in this sense they are very complementary well the next step is to move to the abstract well the abstract is one of the things you do at the end so you don't start with an abstract but let me tell you first what is an abstract an abstract simply is a text a piece of text that is not longer than 250 words and it describes simply your topic the research problem the objectives the methodology your results and the audience and the impact of your work so simply the abstract should be read by somebody in less than 3-4 minutes he or she can directly grasp the whole overview of your topic so you summarize the essence of your whole master thesis or PhD thesis in 250 words and therefore it should be really well thought well written and following this structure well let me give you an example here is a topic related to health the topic title is called the effect of exposure to natural environment on health inequalities and observational population study. As we can see those words are not exceeding 250 words, we have a background statement just two sentences, we have a methodology fully described where it has been done, what is the population, the population size, the sampling and finally we find the findings talking about this observational study results with some statistical analysis and the rates of the study that the rates of the study and finally we have to look at the final two sentences talking about interpretation in this sense this is an abstract it's compact but it's describing the whole study into a systematical approach so this is actually you do when you finish your thesis you write your abstract in order to communicate to people and actually when you publish your work on your abstract will be an open source and then after that when a researcher looking on internet they will be interested by your topic by title by keywords then when they will go through your abstract if they find the topic interesting they find interesting findings and interpretation they come up with the idea of investing in reading the whole manuscript or ordering the master thesis from another library or from another country okay so this is very important to start with after having defining the title and the keyword the third step is mainly related to the problem statement and here we are really starting the real work the serious work related to the research proposal well what is a problem statement you must start in your problem statement to contextualize your problem and you have to be concise you have to define exactly what's the what's the problem and most of the time it's good to link your background problem with authorities. So you start by saying the European Union has this objective, the national government has this objective, the region or the province or the city has these objectives. So you relate your background and the problem with political, governmental or non-governmental the United Nations, the World Health Organization, whatever authority that is stating something related to the topic. Also it's important to quantify this information and quantify the background. So it's advised here to define the problem into numbers, give some statistics, some figures related to the issue and you must also contain an overview of most relevant work. You should also try to cover others work saying in this context of this problem those stakeholders are doing that or doing that or covering this problem or addressing it from an angle or another. It's also important here to describe clearly your hypothesis that you have been done and how you are going to enter to propose the problem. Well, after describing this background and preparing the reader for the topic, you can directly now start to propose the problem and you have to show a really significant problem that is related to a a topic. So you should not make the reader get lost on the opposite. You should start to define a statement clearly and make sure that it's a societal problem in a certain context. Well this is an example. Just remember that at the end of the day a research proposal maybe in a master's thesis or a dissertation you will get funding or sometimes you don't get funding you do it work for free but at the end no one will fund a research proposal or find it reasonable as long as it's not solving a local or global problem. So my advice in writing a research proposal, make sure that your problem definition is by default solving a local or a global problem, trying to solve it in a way or another, linking to reality, linking to statistics, putting some figures, variables, and contextualizing the problem, describing it in a way that is viable, up-to-date, related to our current practice. Once you are done with that, you can start to define your aim and objectives. And you should take into account that an aim is not an objective. An aim is like a bullet. It's very important to define your aim. Once you define a good aim, you are sure that you will do a good research. So, aim well and you should hit your target cleanly. If you don't write a clear aim that is targeting a specific goal, you'll not succeed in doing your research. And simply you have to say what you want to simply and directly want to say. You have to explain what is this research going to do and who will benefit from it. I will give you some examples related to aims, but keep into account it has to be short, it has to be to the point, and it's like a bullet. you don't need to write a lot. It's the shorter the better. Well, what's the definition of an aim? An aim simply provides an answer to a general problem. So, so far we are not talking about the specific problem. This is the objective. In an aim I'm talking about the general problem. And the aim goes along with an adjective. It has to be concise. You should be aware that your grandmother can read the aim and understand it. And you should also keep in mind that it should be related to what's motivating you so this is very important and it should assist on improving the decision lead this is very important some examples of aims you can have a look lowering the dependency or the dependence on fossil fuel increasing the energy efficiency of improving the situation of increasing renovation rate dissemination knowledge sharing information general overall aims related to a serious problem and in this sense you don't need to write it more than one sentence maximum and then you are describing the topic in general in a sense in an aim that a non-technical person can understand it when I say here my aim of my research is to increase energy efficiency in the building sector this is a very broad generic aim anybody can understand and that's the purpose you should have this aim now once you define the aim you cannot be more specific and focus on the objective. But let me tell you what's the objective. The objective is more specific to your study, it's more accurate than the aim, and it's operational. So there is an action in it, you have to do something in it. In the aim, in the objective also it has to correspond to what you will try to produce and generate. So it has to be very precise in description, it has to focus on the central research question, and often contextualize it to a specific climate, context, country, region. Very important and these are some examples for objectives. So here I'm saying my objective to develop a software or a program to calculate turbulent nonlinear equation. Here the objective became very clear. Analyze the reason of low renovation rate identify barriers understand study the impact of assess compare so the objective has to be very clear very precise to the point talking about a specific aspect so in general it should be combined with the aim but let me give you an example with a good description of an aim with an objective well have a a look and read this sentence sorry just have a look I have a aim here the main aim of this research is this to disseminate technological knowledge on adaptive facade at a European level that's the overall aim very general I want to spread or share information related to a specific type of building facades in Europe and do it on a European level so this is a very broad aim and this is very successful one sentence like a bullet now how I'm going to do this aim I need to describe at least three four objectives to do this aim first of all I'm aiming to increase knowledge sharing secondly I'm looking to develop a new knowledge thirdly I'm starting new collaboration so in this sense I am precisely describing how I'm going to achieve this aim through operational tactical objectives. Another example could be interesting here, have a look at that. The project is aiming to improving building energy labeling schemes. So I would like to improve the labeling of buildings, so like you buy any food product you have a label telling what's the ingredients, I want to improve the labeling of buildings. But how I'm going to do that? These are the objectives that I'm going to do. I'm going to review different building labeling. I'm going to review different performance indicators. I will investigate possibilities for developing other labels. I will choose some case studies. I will examine the robustness of labeling schemes. I will evaluate their social acceptance. I will analyze the results. I will create a fair framework. Directly, you can see that we have here at least something around eight objectives serving one aim. So it's very important in your research proposal to keep this structure in your writing. You have an overall overarching aim with a very specific objectives that serves to achieve this aim and they as I told you it has to be operational with adjectives. Also a criteria to make sure that your objectives are well or right good written we call objective smart smart stands for specific measurable attainable realistic and time bound every reviewer reading your research proposal he or she will look at these objectives are the objectives specific are they measurable are they attainable realistic and time bound and this is very important you have to make sure that you have a pointed topic you are covering it you can measure the objective and measure what you are doing you must make sure that you can reach this objectives and that you have a realistic objective it's not a dream you have calculated the time and the effort and you can do it and definitely it should be time bound so you must put it in a frame of a deadline with a certain start and an end date once you make sure sure that your objectives are smart you can pass now and validate your topic and in this sense you can look to the topic and say I have smart objectives and you need some time to do it it's not easy to write it but you need just to take some time brainstorm your topic once you defined well the problem you can then define good the aim and from the aim you can break it down into specific objective. This is how it works. Another final advice for the aim and objective, don't forget to frame it. You need always to frame it. So these are the questions you should ask yourself at the end of writing your aim and objective. So first question, is it worth it answering your research question and the aim? What will benefit, am I going to benefit from it? Is the society, the community, the professional or the scientific community going to benefit from it? Is it specific, your aim and objective? Are they answerable? Can we answer them in this frame of thesis or dissertation? Is the topic original? Is it contribution to knowledge? Did somebody else do it or I'm really doing something new? What about the outcomes? Are they appropriate? Do they think ahead are the expected outcomes really achievable this is very important and finally you should ask yourself is this topic interesting to you there is many students who start a thesis and after a while they say I don't like this problem I don't like this topic they stop this means that you are not certain that you are motivated you are passionate and this topic is for your own personal interest is triggering you so these are some important advices to validate and to make sure that your aims and objectives are well written and this is a very fast example you can have a look for a winning proposal. This is simply an example showing the specific measurable and attainable realistic time-bound objectives. You can see here I have a precise problem. Agriculture is the backbone of Belgium's economy for example and it's central to the government development strategy but although the agricultural sector employs more than 75% of countries workforce and accounts both directly and indirectly for approximately 51% of countries Belgium's gross domestic product little is known about the scale of livestock farming livestock diversity distribution of livestock farms so here I have a problem very specific well described it's contextual there is a background on the national level I find some figures and statistics and the researcher simply wanted to say one thing we don't have information about the livestock farming in this country but instead of writing it directly he put a context he gives some numbers he put some figures he shows the importance of the topic and right after he will or she starts to write the objective. So the objective here is not a aim, he is directly talking about operational specific tasks. A team of eight researchers defining who will do that, eight researchers at the livestock research unit of Agricultural College for example at Liège University will research the types and extent of livestock farming in the country. A comprehensive report will be published and an online database and website will be created the project will be presented in its entirely four years after the start of the project at the sub-saharan agricultural summit in Botswana in November 2016 so you have here a very clear objective operational with steps following up and I can measure it it's specific it's attainable it's realistic it's time bound so this is the way how to write a good research aim and a research objective and this will be the start of your research proposal and just to remind you keep in mind that in the beginning of your search proposal you have to have a catchy and informative title the summary and the abstract leave it for the end you will not do it when you start this is after you finish write your six eight keywords that are not included in your title make sure that you have a good problem statement description with a problem related to contextual societal issues, define an overall aim and go for your operational step-by-step specific objectives. In this way if you keep this slide in mind while developing your first part of your proposal you are on the road to success. Well I'm done with the aims and objectives and I will move to the fifth component or element which is the significance and audience. It's very important in research to define why is this research important and who are the users of this research, who are the end users who should benefit from this study. Am I doing this study for myself, for fun? You should not do that in university. Even though that some people try to do explorational work, you can do it, but you should just succeed in translating your own interest into a common interest. Once you did it, you are on the track. So significance is meant the importance the importance here so you have to make sure and describe in your text what is the added value what is original about this work why is it important even if some people are not finding it important you have to defend the work and present it and write it in a way that is important something you should show that this is something never that was never did before and once you contextualize your topic you succeed to have a significance For example, if I'm talking about renovation using prefabricated units or if I'm talking about prefabricated housing. Once you open or would like to research the topic, you might get some feedback saying, yeah, but prefabricated construction, there is many countries who do it in the United States, in Canada, it's nothing new. But once you contextualize it, you can make it new. If you say studying prefabricated housing in Liège or in Wallonia or in Belgium or in the province X or in the region X or for residential housing or for a specific context, for a specific region. Once you contextualize a topic, you directly make it original. So there is many topics in your society, in our context here at Liège universities. Maybe there is advancement in Finland or in other European countries, but they are not contextualized. So you can also borrow ideas from abroad, from other researchers, and contextualizing and study how to implement them in our context here. Once you do that, your topic becomes significant and important and becomes unique because we don't have answers for that. Also, it's important that it does not mean that the question is new, but never approached like you. even some researchers they select a topic that has been selected or researched by many people before but you can show that how you will do it in a unique way how you will go through personal endeavor that looks differently to process the topic so don't be afraid and saying yeah I when you look at the depository of previous master seasons if you find somebody else before you did the same topic that you are interested in, you should not stop. Take the topic, read it well and see how you can do it different. Once you define this difference and set it as a significant, as added value, you can guarantee that your research topic is significant and important. Also, your topic should lead to added value. At the end of the day, you should add value and make sure that you have important and significance has to take into account of the principal aim. It should be at the end related to your principal aim. Some other questions you could look at. Questions have to be open in general when you describe your topic. Here you can add a list of keywords not included in the title and the motivation is linked to the context. Well, defining the significance is important. Now you defined your problem, your title, your aim, your objective, why is this topic important, how is it significant. Now comes a very important topic people forget about and I think personally you might start by that. The audience. Why are you doing this study? Who is going to benefit from this study? Who you want to reach? Define your target audience very clearly and from the beginning. The easier the target audience is described, the easier you can do your research. Many people forget that it could be politicians your target, your target could be professional community, it could be the research community, it could be managers, it could be whoever, community or stakeholders. But leaving your research proposal without defining the audience, there is no meaning. Because many people do interesting studies, but then they don't contact their audience. If I'm doing a study, for example, about the green area spaces in Liège city, so I want to know how much green area per square meter per citizen is in the city of Liège. And I did a very beautiful analysis and I went through the neighborhoods of Liège and And I then identified through my analysis how much square meter of green spaces are available for the citizens of Liège. If at the end of this study I did not contact the community or the local authority of Liège city or the province and tell them here is my work, how can you benefit from them? If I didn't go and do an interview with them, if I didn't contact them to make sure that the municipality is benefiting from the study, then I failed to connect my research to the audience. So you must always to make sure what's the research and ask yourself, what's the relation between my research topic and the audience? And did I allow the audience to intervene in my study? In this sense, I should have maybe went to the municipality and asked the urbanism sector or unit and tell them, I'm doing a study about Liège. Can you help me with this information? Is this information for you helpful? How can this information, can I modify it to meet a kind of certain requirement from your side? So it's very important to define the audience and not to define it theoretically on paper. No, you have to go engage with those people, contact them before starting your study, during your study, and after your study. You can even invite them to your defense. If you don't do this step, our research will have no impact. It will be just theoretical research hidden in research university without having any impact on society. So therefore, make sure always what is the audience of your research. Get in contact with these people. And as I told, why you have to reach those people? Because you have to consider your motives and why you feel this group should be targeted. You have to know why you want to reach a particular group. And you should provide insight that will help develop effective study. and you should say also why should they be interested in my research this is very important once you define that you can start now your research I'm moving now to the step number six but I would say that this is the first chunk of your research proposal it does not need to be more than one or two pages defining clearly from the title going to the keywords talking about your problem statement and the background defining the aim and objective the significance of your work and finally the audience once you define this one or two pages i can guarantee you that you have a good topic well defined and make sure that you revise it with your supervisor well you are now ready to embark and start your topic more clearly but you have to describe another additional component in your proposal? The state of the art or the literature review. What is the state of the art? Why do we do a research related to state of the art? Why do we review literature for a research proposal? Number one, you have to improve your own understanding. You have to understand, you have to become an expert because now you are talking about a topic, you don't know enough information about it. So you have to understand what has been done before and you have to read literature so number one why we do a literature review to improve the understanding number two you have to build your expertise in the specific domain number three you have to demonstrate knowledge and show that you understand a specific knowledge related to the topic and you have to update the reader with the state of the art because at the end of the of the end of the day the master thesis or the phd you will submit it to a jury or a reader or you will set it online and you would like the community to read it. Once they read it, they must make sure that they are up to date to the latest information related to this topic and therefore we should do a literature review. To do a good literature review, you must guarantee that you have good resources. You should look at major published work, you should look at a narrow specific topic and you should start your review. The review should cover the major concepts, snapshots relationships classifications and extractions so the literature review actually is like an essence you go through different publications different sources and you extract the most important information and you provide me with a snapshot with a pattern image describing what has been done before what are the major publication related to this topic and like that you can put me up-to-date related to the topic. Does one of the criteria that anybody would like a professor will look at a research proposal will ask does the proposal advance the state of the art? Does it introduce innovative approaches? This is very important and the more you go into this a PhD or a grant proposal the more the answer for these questions is very important. If the proposal shows it does it show a good understanding of the major work? Does it identify the gaps of existing knowledge and so on so this is very important and you should also say what is currently available in Liège in Belgium in Europe and worldwide so this is the aim of the literature review to make sure what is done also in the North America what's done in Asia to make sure that I am up-to-date related to this topic well you should also capture the major concept and ideas related to research and finally you should ask yourself how is your research you are doing compared with similar research in other contexts so you should not only describe your research topic and forget that others maybe did the same idea 90% of ideas are not new we are processing others ideas so 90% of ideas are not new So you should keep in mind, put an assumption in your mind, that maybe somebody else, someone, somewhere else, tried to address the same problem. What about looking, exploring, how did those other people do my work? So this is the aim of literature review, to make sure that I cover the literature, I am up to date, I am covering the major concepts and publications that describe the topic, and also similar studies related to my research topic. once you did that you can move to the methodology and the methodology should describe how you are going to do your research in the proposal and this could not should not be a long text it could be a couple of paragraphs or maybe maximum three paragraphs describing how we are going to do your research there is in general different methodologies you can do strategic research you can do applied research you can do experimental research and these are all examples of researchers that you can do if you like to do lab work and monitoring then it's experimental work if you would like to do applied then it's more like simulation case studies system analysis comparison analysis if you are looking to develop concepts model standards prototypes solutions you are more into strategical basic research and definitely if you are looking for developing things beyond applied research, pure basic research, a theory, an equation, a philosophy, then you are looking at basic research. So you should define clearly what is your methodology and these are all examples for different methodologies as you can see and every researcher and every specialization, every group of specialization has its own collection of methodologies they use. People in social sciences, we know that they use a lot interview and they use surveying techniques. This is their methodology they come up with. People working in engineering, for example, they go more for experimentation and so on and so forth. So you must make sure your domain, your expertise, your field of expertise, what are the common methodology. In the field of architecture or buildings in general, we use analysis research, development research, we do a lot of case studies research, evidence-based design, parametric research, optimization, also participatory or action research, operational research, post-occupancy evaluation, lab research, and system analysis research. So just you must be familiar with these types of methodology and describe them in your research proposals and now I will move to another thing which is called a method which means that like in the aims and objective there is an aim and there is an objective here there is something called methodology and method. A method is a small action of research done to achieve a methodology for example I can have a case study as a methodology but in order to achieve this methodology, I have several methods that I can do. I can do some drawings, photography, videotaping, visualization, sketching, mapping, process analysis, technology review, history review. These are all methods that I can use in my research to achieve my methodology. So it's very important in your research proposal that you define in the beginning your research methodological on this level. Is it basic research, is it strategical, is it applied, is it experimental. Then you pick up a methodology and don't hesitate, you can have several methodology in a research. You can combine evidence-based design with case studies, there is no problem at all. But once you define your methodology, you have to pick up a collection of methods. A systematic review is a method, data analysis is a method, GIS or simulation, visualizing, classification and categorization, These are all methods. So your research proposal should address these methods and simply your methodology in general should describe how are you going to approach your work. So as I said you start with a literature review and from the literature review you see what has been done by previous researchers. You have to outline the instrument, fix boundaries of diseases and we should look at different methodology, describe them well, make sure that you have qualitative and quantitative approaches for your methodology, and make sure how you will collect the information, how this information will be robust. I give you a very important example here you should keep into account. When we talk about methodology, one of the big problems we see today in research, the methodology should be replicable, which means that any independent researcher is going to do the same research you have been doing, he or she should be able to repeat the same methodology and come up with the same research. One of the problems we find today in research, very common, that researchers, they do the research without describing it well, without a clear methodology, and as a consequence, the results are fake, because they didn't have a methodology. And once you describe your methodology, keep into account that it should be replicable and repeatable by others. So this is very important. And how to present a methodology, this is how to do it. You have to come up with a study design. A study design is simply a specific plan or a protocol for conducting the study. and it allows you to investigate and translate the conceptual hypothesis into operational research. So actually in this section of methodology I should see this overview design. I'm saying that my methodology is based on quantitative and qualitative research methods. I have here case studies and so on and so forth and I here have my own other quantitative approaches and you draw it into a sort of diagram and this is another representation I have descriptive analysis I have analytical here I'm going to do a survey here I'm going to do experiment here I'm going to do a cross-sectional analysis once you think about your methodology and represented in a graph like that and describe it into a couple of paragraphs you are done with the methodology it's accessible and I have a very interesting document you can ask me for it it describes the different research methodologies in architecture. So you can go from theoretical research, interpretative research, experimental, survey, simulation, qualitative, even action research, and for each of these methodologies there are different ontological assumptions, epistemological assumptions also, methodologies, how you validate, how you have examples for each of those so this is very important very helpful you might use it and I would like to ask you to start your methodology by sketching drawing thinking about picking up some methods making sure how you will address it you have to define your method your sample your case studies what are the target users are you going to use equipment analysis this is very important and you can draw a study design scheme for that and the study design scheme like I showed you based on this analysis using this Excel or this table I provided previously. Make sure that you draw a study design scheme and integrate it in your proposal, discuss it with your supervisor, explain why it is the most appropriate to effectively answer your research question and you have also to explain what alternatives have been considered when and why these have been disregarded. So these are the golden rules for the methodology. Don't forget you have to come up with a study design scheme, describe your methodology on the level of what is the strategical level of your research, what is the methodologies you are using, what are the methods and summarize it into a scheme and present it and describe it. Well now I would like to move to the expected results even in a research proposal before doing your research you should describe your expected results this is very important and how are you going to do that it's mainly based on your literature review if you are going to read some major publication related to your topic you can be able to expect what will be the results of your work you may fragment you may grab fragments from other studies but you can predict possible outcomes and that's all what you are expected to report in this sense. You have to be based on the literature review, linked to the aims and objectives, explain what you will be producing, something concrete, evidence-based with numbers, you have to define how is it going to be usable, is it some rules of thumb, is it findings, is it guidelines, is it advice, is it a strategy, what it is and for example you can say I'm going to come up with a prototype, with a design concept, with a solution. These are all important to define in the expected results. So it's not here meant that you will say exactly what will come out from the study but you will define what parameters, what outcomes you are looking at and these are examples of outcomes you must keep into account that you answer this question very important in your research proposal because if you are just putting facts they are called data if you are classifying them they can become information they will become only knowledge if you are adding an analysis and interpretation kind of working the information into a useful information and once you have knowledge you can help in decisions and actually that's the cycle of knowledge so your thesis is mainly looking to collect the data and information and process them to generate knowledge so that this knowledge can help the community and the decision makers to take decision and become more informed, more knowledgeable. Well, what could be examples of outcomes? This is a series of outcomes. It could be a product, rules of thumb, guidelines, a manual, a website, an application, even an app. Don't hesitate to develop an app for your master's thesis. This could be interesting, a map, a tool, a website, a program, a book, an infographic, a cartographic guide, equation, model, benchmark, simulation, a checklist, sometimes some students come up with their master outcome, a checklist, a policy, a strategy, a theory. You must be sure that you come up with a concrete outcome that you will present at the end of your thesis and you link this outcome to the audience as described previously. So this is very important and to validate that you have good expected result describe how the work will be validated. You must make sure that your outcomes and what you are going to present will be compared with results published and other works. Are you going to use a user group or a case study to test this outcome because it's not enough to tell me I will come up with a map or a tool and then it was not used by anyone or it was not tested by anyone. Make sure that you have a validation process and in the validation process you have some groups or users who make sure that your outcome that you use was developed for them in a useful way and you should look for internal and external validity of your result. If this research is repeated by someone else, would they get the same results you did or not? Is your work accurate enough? Do you have a systematic approach? Can the result be generalized in another similar context? These are interesting discussion questions that you can use to develop your final conclusion later in the thesis, but also you could address them in your proposal writing to make sure that you are not only looking to produce an information and through it without making sure that it works that it function that will have an effect and impact well by that I am approaching almost the end now you are described you have described those major topics from the keywords until the research results and outcomes now it's time to talk about outline and talk in the language of professional language professional language this is not a research topic this is more related to professionalism and any institution should talk about it. Once you go through any professional document you must develop an organizational chart. Organizational chart it's a chart that tells me what are the parts and the component of your research or your research thesis. In this sense you should have a description of your chapters maybe you can put your chapters you can put the topics you are talking about and it should represent your work and it should predict the possible progress of your work. So here I'm drawing all the component of my research in one diagram. In French we call it Organigramme, in English it's called the organizational chart and any research proposal must include an organizational chart to describe the components of the work and the main work packages that you will do and in every work packages I have associated activities. This is very important to clarify the topic. I have many master students, they come up at the end of their master thesis and they are not able even to write a structure or a table of content of their own thesis. Why? Because they didn't do an organizational chart. Once you do it early enough, you know that you will start with an introduction chapter, you will have something about a methodology, what are your case studies, your results, what would be the validation part, what would be your conclusion part, the discussion. So therefore it's very important it's also important to be added you can add it in the annex of your research proposal don't hesitate to do that and you should do use it also to discuss with your supervisor in the beginning how are you going to proceed with your master's thesis or your PhD dissertation very important to include it another important organizational chart related to the professional work the Gantt chart. Any master student graduating from Liège University he or she must know what is a Gantt chart because without that you are not going to be able to process tasks on long term. A Gantt chart is a professional diagram it is a methodology used to define milestones and work packages and activities and in this sense you describe your work in sufficient details and you set up deliverables, steps, deadlines. Very important. More detail than the organizational chart. So if you look at the organization chart, it's mainly chunky. It's looking at big scale component of your research. While here you are going more into detail and it's very important to be also placed in the annex of your research proposal. As you can see, here's a list of activities. Here is the master thesis. It takes an average in Liège four months I can define every month in two weeks and define with these dark bars when I'm going to do the literature review, the interviews, the case study analysis, the simulation work, when I'm going to start to write my thesis. Very important to do that as early as possible to make sure that you go psychologically through the process of your thesis writing. Because if you leave everything till the end you will be improvising and improvising you can never become professional with improvisation as long you have a lot of time and in fact you don't have time you must try your thesis to graduate so this is the best way to do it as early as possible and try to explore previous master's thesis of older students who graduated and see how they did it to make sure that what could be the tasks and activities that you must come up and how much time they will take Some people would say, I will do a literature review in two months. In reality, it might need three months. Maybe it will need eight weeks. You never know. Six weeks. You never know. So it's very important to have this translation into deliverable steps and time. And it's very important once you finish this, that you have a section in your research proposal called project outline. The project outline. You link it to the organizational chart and you link it to your Gantt chart and your proposal must describe where are you going to start. You say when are you going to start, what steps are you going to do and where are you heading to, where will you get to, how you will get there. Very important. If you don't do this in the project outline, the certainty that you will do successful work is very weak. So make sure that you have defined the step of your research, you say where are you starting, describe what's the problem, the literature view where are you heading and make sure that you will describe that accurately and what are the final aim to go for well the last step that you should look at before leaving that I have just forgot to say that you should describe every milestone into activity description and evidence of progress the last thing you should look at is the impact and biography this This is the last part of your proposal and the last element that you should address in your proposal. And first I will start with the impact. It's very important to identify, does the proposal clarify clearly how it is relevant and realistic on the short-term and long-term. By definition, impact is the effect or influence on short-term to long-term scientific, technological or socio-economical changes produced by a research, directly or indirectly, intended or unintended. And you should ask yourself, are the impacts identified by the proposal relevant to the society at large? Can the impact be listed and realistically achieved? And let me give some examples. The impact should be able to be explained. is different from the objective and it's the only way to do an impact is to publish your work because if I'm going to spend maybe six months of my life on a manuscript for a thesis or maybe four years for my PhD work if this document is going to be in the depository of the library of Liège University no one on earth will access it even it's not on Google so forget about it the only way make sure that your work has an impact and other researchers and other professionals and the society in large is going to access it, read it, benefit from it is to publish the work and study or look at the impact of your work. Here is an example of a work I will read you I will read you this very fast energy certification labels increases the awareness of energy consumption and enables consumers to compare buildings therefore providing builders with an incentive to improve energy efficiency in buildings? Improving energy efficiency in buildings is one of the most cost-effective ways across all sectors to reduce energy consumption and hence green gas house emissions. Energy efficiency is the most cost-effective method to improve energy security. From the household perspective, energy efficiency seems to be profitable. you are telling how energy efficiency or the labels are you how is this impact of this topic energy efficient lighting and appliances can save about 465 euro per year per household in energy bills much more savings can be easily insured when the whole building is energy efficient the energy efficiency of buildings can only be guaranteed by creditable building energy label so here you are describing what is the impact of your research you are saying that while studying the labeling of buildings already I can promise to have a cost-effective savings and I can guarantee a security and independence from fossil fuels and you try to quantify it with some example saying that for example a building that has energy label a for example can save up to 465 euro per year so we give an example so this is a very important aspect that you should include what would be the impact of your study and this is difficult you have to brainstorm you have to think if I come up with my research and I publish it could it be useful examples for dissemination activities also to spread dissemination means spreading your research findings is there a clear or attainable plan for dissemination for results this is a question. Is the dissemination plan targeted, clear and attainable? Is it relevant and you have a clear exploitation of the results? These are all important topics and you can disseminate your work by publishing it, by having internal seminars, regular reporting, publication, conferences, exhibition or reaching out communicating with the community. If you go to an NGO and tell them I would like to present my master's thesis to you, I would like to share with you my document. These are all important activities you must guarantee to make sure that you are disseminating your knowledge. In a PhD it's very important to do a lot of effort to disseminate the information. In a master thesis it would be enough to publish in a conference or publish in a journal, your results, and this is the only way to validate and make sure that your information now is available to the public, it's accessible, and it could be shared and become beneficial to the society. Last part is the biography. In your research proposal, you should include a bibliographical sector. You should have references cited in a specific format. In my lab, I prefer the APA standard, and I have a presentation on that. But you should make sure that many reviewers, they go at the end of your research proposal and read the biography. And based on the quality of biography they find, they start to say this is a good research or not. This means that the more you are describing the key publication-related topic, it means that you did your homework, you read, and you should pay attention how you write it, because there are rules in citation. You should write, for example, the family name, and then the year, and then the title, and then the city, and so on. There are different styles. Make sure that you are using the right style. You just ask your supervisor for that. You can show your motivation on the subject also based on that. Use a reference management system. There are many softwares. Previously, there was a software called EndNote. Today, the most commonly used is Zotero, and I advise you to use Zotero. Well, I'm going to the end. This is it. This is the research proposal. It sounds maybe dense, very informative, but keep in mind that a research proposal does not need to be more than five, six pages. Sometimes the research proposal, a large European project, can be something like 25 pages. I'm talking about funding of millions. So in your case, all you need to have five pages, six pages, describing and covering these issues and just start to write and go through it I give you some golden final tips structure your text make sure you have headings address every topic into a heading structure section and write under it write short sentences this is a very important thing many I figured out that in the French speaking word many students seems to write long sentences chop your sentence keep it short and follow your ideas and don't make it complex just write you can write down first in a sketch what ideas you want to communicate and start to make them short sentences in a row use bullets bullets are very important because readers get bored when they find a full block of text try to make bullets to highlight important topics provide images charts i already told you that you need a gun chart an organizational chart a study research design for the methodology try as maximum to have a kind of visual component don't make it exceed 30 40 percent of the proposal so that the proposal is readable and accessible and the keys are access to success are important that you should assure that all relevant chapters of the proposal have been addressed accurately the ten themes that I described are addressed in detail be brief and concise as possible you should support your information with empirical and proof try to have always statistics numbers references to cite your work right don't hesitate don't leave it till the end if you have time write a part of the proposal later on write another part so just keep writing it's very easy it's not a difficult thing it's just that you have to get used to answer these kind of questions and do it and improvise it ask for peers you can send it to colleagues to a teaching assistant to your supervisor don't hesitate to do that to review the proposal and improve it you can make draft 1 draft 2 until you are satisfied and willing to submit it you can get expert help you can talk to the audience people you can talk to somebody who knows about the problem go consult a professor or any person who is professional you should be well organized synthesized and don't forget that we are looking for a master student a master student who has a critical appraisal who can criticize who can build up a case with new information and this is very important by describing any controversies that you find in the objectives include the evidence as possible whether it's against or with your proposition these are the key rules of success I would like to go back just to remind you that this is very important to respect this structure cover it go step by step until you have a good proposal one thing I can promise you if you developed and invested as much as possible time in writing your research proposal your master thesis process will go as smooth as possible because you thought ahead about what you are going to do so instead of going reactive and just reacting on everyday crisis the simulation is not working the interviews is not doing you have here something that protects you it makes you more certain stable and you see what are you going to do and already you are certain that you can achieve the goal easier so this is very important I would like to thank you for your presentation here are my reference and those don't hesitate to contact me I'm looking forward for your proposals thank you very much

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Relevance of Your Dissertation Topic | Criteria & Tips

Relevance of Your Dissertation Topic | Criteria & Tips

Published on November 14, 2022 by Sarah Vinz . Revised on May 31, 2023.

A relevant dissertation topic means that your research will contribute something worthwhile to your field in a scientific, social, or practical way.

As you plan out your dissertation process , make sure that you’re writing something that is important and interesting to you personally, as well as appropriate within your field.

If you’re a bit stuck on where to begin, consider framing your questions in terms of their relevance: scientifically to your discipline, socially to the world at large, or practically to an industry or organization.

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Scientific relevance, social and practical relevance, other interesting articles, frequently asked questions about relevant topics.

If you are studying hard or social sciences, the scientific relevance of your dissertation is crucial. Your research should fill a gap in existing scientific knowledge, something that hasn’t been extensively studied before.

One way to find a relevant topic is to look at the recommendations for follow-up studies that are made in existing scientific articles and the works they cite. From there, you can pursue quantitative research , statistical analyses , or the relevant methodology for the type of research you choose to undertake.

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Most theses are required to have social relevance, which basically means that they help us to better understand society. These can use ethnographies , interviews , or other types of field work to collect data

However, in some disciplines it may be more important that a dissertation have practical relevance. Research that has practical relevance adds value. For instance, it could make a recommendation for a particular industry or suggest ways to improve certain processes within an organization.

If you want to know more about the research process , methodology , research bias , or statistics , make sure to check out some of our other articles with explanations and examples.

Methodology

Sampling methods
Simple random sampling
Stratified sampling
Cluster sampling
Likert scales
Reproducibility

Statistics

Null hypothesis
Statistical power
Probability distribution
Effect size
Poisson distribution

Research bias

Optimism bias
Cognitive bias
Implicit bias
Hawthorne effect
Anchoring bias
Explicit bias

Formulating a main research question can be a difficult task. Overall, your question should contribute to solving the problem that you have defined in your problem statement .

However, it should also fulfill criteria in three main areas:

Researchability
Feasibility and specificity
Relevance and originality

A dissertation prospectus or proposal describes what or who you plan to research for your dissertation. It delves into why, when, where, and how you will do your research, as well as helps you choose a type of research to pursue. You should also determine whether you plan to pursue qualitative or quantitative methods and what your research design will look like.

It should outline all of the decisions you have taken about your project, from your dissertation topic to your hypotheses and research objectives , ready to be approved by your supervisor or committee.

Note that some departments require a defense component, where you present your prospectus to your committee orally.

A thesis or dissertation outline is one of the most critical first steps in your writing process. It helps you to lay out and organize your ideas and can provide you with a roadmap for deciding what kind of research you’d like to undertake.

Generally, an outline contains information on the different sections included in your thesis or dissertation , such as:

Your anticipated title
Your abstract
Your chapters (sometimes subdivided into further topics like literature review , research methods , avenues for future research, etc.)

All research questions should be:

Focused on a single problem or issue
Researchable using primary and/or secondary sources
Feasible to answer within the timeframe and practical constraints
Specific enough to answer thoroughly
Complex enough to develop the answer over the space of a paper or thesis
Relevant to your field of study and/or society more broadly

You can assess information and arguments critically by asking certain questions about the source. You can use the CRAAP test , focusing on the currency , relevance , authority , accuracy , and purpose of a source of information.

Ask questions such as:

Who is the author? Are they an expert?
Why did the author publish it? What is their motivation?
How do they make their argument? Is it backed up by evidence?

The best way to remember the difference between a research plan and a research proposal is that they have fundamentally different audiences. A research plan helps you, the researcher, organize your thoughts. On the other hand, a dissertation proposal or research proposal aims to convince others (e.g., a supervisor, a funding body, or a dissertation committee) that your research topic is relevant and worthy of being conducted.

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Sarah's academic background includes a Master of Arts in English, a Master of International Affairs degree, and a Bachelor of Arts in Political Science. She loves the challenge of finding the perfect formulation or wording and derives much satisfaction from helping students take their academic writing up a notch.

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