From “How to Write a Great Business Plan” by William A. Sahlman. Harvard Business Review, July-August, 1997.
Jeremie Spitzer and Paul G. Silva talked to us about their experience creating a business plan for Zform, a software entertainment company that creates fully accessible games for both blind and sighted communities.
Spitzer says that before actually sitting down to write the business plan for Zform, he hadn’t thought at all about marketing. He soon realized that he needed to do some research and identify the competition.
“Don’t just jump into a new venture [without planning] because you will drown in the small details and won’t even realize that you’re way off base. A business plan forces you to think of all the details that you wouldn’t normally think about. When you write your plans down on paper, you have to be clear. The process of writing forces you to work out the details.”
Spitzer emphasizes that there is no such thing as a final plan. “You need to accept and be comfortable with the fact that your business plan is a live document that will always be changing.”
Silva suggests looking to others for advice. “Planning is essentially answering questions that have already been laid out for you by people that are experienced and know exactly what will hurt your venture if you don’t plan. The process of planning was ten times more valuable than the actual business plan itself.”
Silva believes in learning from others’ mistakes. He regularly reads the “Postmortem” section of Game Developer magazine, which talks about games that have failed and why they have failed.
Silva advises new venture seekers, “Talk to an industry veteran who has experienced failure, and ask why.“
Another viewpoint on business plans comes from Phyl Speser of Foresight Science & Technology. “Most folks will disagree with me, but I think [business plans] are highly overrated. Boeing never had a business plan until late in the last century. They knew what they did: they built airplanes. If you’re going out for venture capital money, you need a twenty+ page plan. If you’re not, you usually need a much smaller one. Essentially, you need as much of a plan as is necessary for your team or your investors. Otherwise, don’t waste the time.”
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By Jill Schiefelbein Jun 14, 2017
Opinions expressed by Entrepreneur contributors are their own.
The following excerpt is from Jill Schiefelbein's book Dynamic Communication . Buy it now from Amazon | Barnes & Noble | iTunes
In creating a culture of innovation within an organization, you want to make sure you have the ability to not only highlight people and bring their ideas to the surface, but also have a process in place so you can escalate those ideas up the chain to get action taken. Creating systems for intrapreneurship is a key success factor in many of today's successful companies.
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An intrapreneur is someone who thinks like an entrepreneur but is an employee within an organization. They get that steady paycheck, but they want to bring ideas to the surface and know they can impact decisions and the trajectory of the business. Your intrapreneurs are entrepreneurial thinkers who drive organizational change and are motivated by creation.
Squashing attempts at innovation is an easy way to kill employee morale and experience high-talent turnover. To avoid this, develop an internal process that all employees can use to bring ideas to the table and communicate them to the right people within your organization. This will encourage your intrapreneurs to contribute and think about ways to make the business better.
Here is a six-step blueprint you can use to help your employees develop their ideas. Not only will ideas come to you in a more actionable format, but you'll be professionally developing your employees and giving them skills that will live on long beyond their current role -- creating a great employee experience. (And if you're a solopreneur, don't stop reading! You can use these six steps to help create better pitches to potential clients. Just reframe the language a little, and you'll be well on your way to more sophisticated proposals.)
Your employees should know to whom they can bring ideas. Do you have a hierarchy, or can they go straight to the top? Define this process and determine who are the people in the organization they should pitch their idea to, who has the power to make their idea come to fruition and who has the power to assign resources to help them make their idea a reality.
The following criteria will help your employees evaluate if their idea is the right fit for your organization:
If an idea isn't an obvious fit with one of the four items above, then suggest that they rethink it so it does fit. You want to make sure there's some connection between the two.
Once someone has an idea, knows the audience who'll consider the idea and believes the idea is the right match for an organization, it's time to evaluate the idea further and see if it can be even better. Before coming forward with an idea, your employees should consider running it through a handful of questions to help evaluate and strengthen it:
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Now it's time to look at the idea from the perspective of the people who'll actually benefit from, use or implement the idea. They might have the most brilliant idea in the world, but if the people who are going to be enacting or implementing the idea don't do it well, that idea is going to fall flat, your employee is going to be judged for it and they won't see the fruits of your labor. Getting buy-in on multiple levels is really important.
Let's look at an example. Say you own a software development company. One of your engineers realizes that consumer feedback isn't getting to the engineering team accurately all the time because the customer service reps aren't documenting well enough. The engineer has an idea to get the customer service team iPads so they can take notes more efficiently and immediately upload them into the company cloud. But if they take this idea to the top without getting buy-in from the customer service reps, they may not get great implementation. So it's important that your engineer talk to the people who'll actually be using, implementing or acting on their idea, because if they don't have their buy-in, success may not happen.
A lot of people have heard of a SWOT analysis -- strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats -- for analyzing ideas. But when it comes to bringing ideas forward in an organization, your employees should be doing a SWOT analysis not just on the idea but on themselves.
I call this a P-SWOT, or a Positioning SWOT. Your employees will use it to evaluate their strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats when it comes to being in a position to spearhead this idea or present it in the first place. Here are some questions they can ask for each part.
Now that your employees have a killer idea ready to bring to you for consideration, have a way for them to design and deliver their ideas that makes sense for you and your business. Here are some considerations for you to think about when designing this step.
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Leading recruitment firm Micheal Page ranked 'intrapreneurship' the No 1. 'in demand' skill of 2020 but what is it really and how can it help businesses to expand?
Having experienced life as a professional career person, as an entrepreneur and as a consultant for plethora of FTSE 100 and FTSE 250 brands, I have seen first hand the positive impact that intrapreneurship can have on a business. I would even go as far as to suggest that during/post crisis this key skill will be more important than ever! The point of difference for many employees will be how they add value to the business. A person makes themselves indispensable if they are able to add value and demonstrate added value for the employer. This value proposition comes from seeking out problems and providing solutions i.e. having that entrepreneurial mindset. It also comes from them treating their job, duties and responsibilities with the care and tenacity as if it were their own business. This topic caters to the needs of the organisation and is a much needed skill set across the career life cycle. I love delivering sessions on this topic because it helps individuals to understands the importance of their brand story, innovation, mindset and brand equity - in addition to how this could improve the brands they work for. It is what I call a perfect union.
What are Intrapreneurs?
Intrapreneurs are employees who act like entrepreneurs, however whilst working within a company. What makes an intrapreneur stand out is that they are innovative, usually coming up with new ideas and taking the role of a leader. Intrapreneurs are able to utilise existing resources and foundations available in their company to create new ideas that may be implemented into the company which could lead to company growth.
The idea of intrapreneurship is interesting to many as it provides people with the stability of a job with the freedom of an entrepreneurial experience, at the same time. Let’s compare it to entrepreneurship: entrepreneurs are faced with uncertainty as the founder manages many aspects, if not all, for their business to grow. This can become overwhelming as individuals have the pressure of managing their business successfully, especially if it is the only source of income they rely on. Further uncertainty is created if the entrepreneur does not have access to the tools and resources needed to expand on their business, which leads to them falling behind and could have a huge impact on them financially.
So, this is where intrapreneurship comes in and could be argued as the perfect blended opportunity.
Why is that?
Well an intrapreneur can be comfortable in their position as they are employed in a company, therefore they are guaranteed to be paid. Also, intrapreneurs are able to have access to the tools and resources provided by their company, allowing them to completely focus on their vision and ideas and work towards bringing them to life with far less perceived risk.
Does intrapreneurship sound interesting now?
Intrapreneurs are also seen as the future of business as they create change . This is because as intrapreneurs are comfortable in their working position, they can be more innovative and act as change agents which can have a huge impact on the business as the business may advance to new levels. As well as actively creating change in their business, they can also become a model for change which will inspire other collegues or companies to follow in the similar footsteps.
For change to occur, there also has to be an element of risk involved. Risk is a factor that many companies are afraid to adopt as they are unaware of the consequences and the risks posed if they were to try something new. This is where intrapreneurs come in and are changing the future of businesses, as they create a culture that is not afraid to take 'considered' risk, as this provides the company with the ability to grow.
So, overall intrapreneurs are leaders . By being able to take risk and enforce change, they can successfully encourage other, thus improving the organisational culture and bottom line. However, they differ as they think and act differently by adopting different motivations and aspirations which then leads to them wanting to work in different working environments. They understand what it takes to adapt to a working environment that is constantly changing. They go against the traditional organisational set up of a workplace and bring innovation, growth, leadership and the unknown to the table.
With these ideas in mind, now think about a workplace that has thriving, innovative intrapreneurs, can you see it working? The combination of their ideas, inputs and decisions could lead to the company becoming one of the most powerful. The company would continuously grow as there would be innovative ideas coming forward to ensure the company keeps growing and coming up with the next ‘big’ thing. So, are intrapreneurs the future of business? Will we see more companies hire intrapreneurs to lead and change the working world? Will you adopt your inner entrepreneur and become an intrapreneur in your field?
Business Model
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Business plans are usually thought of as crucial to any project that aims to bring a new product or service to market. They’re seen as the “roadmap to success”. But in reality, they are actually detrimental to innovation projects and a LONG way from being the best tool for intrapreneurship.
In this article we’ll look at why they fail and provide you with a better alternative to use instead.
If you’ve ever worked on a project, led a business unit, or proposed any new piece of work at your company, then you’ll likely have created an outline planning document to set out the costs, the intended benefits and a plan of action.
Depending on your company processes and the size of the project you are proposing, this planning document might have been called a Business Plan , a Business Case , or possibly a PID (Project Initiation Document).
You might even have called it something else in your company, but regardless of the name, it will likely include the same basic content:
That’s a heck of a lot of planning effort. And a heck of a lot of GUESSWORK.
Yes, guesswork! Let’s be honest about what’s happening here. When we work on innovation projects, we genuinely don’t know whether our innovation will be successful.
We don’t know if people want it, we don’t know if they’ll buy it, and we don’t know if they’ll use it. We can’t even be confident that the solution we end up with will resemble the same one we started out with! In a project where there are so many uncertainties and ANYTHING could change, any plan we create at the start is no more than a work of fiction. In other words, everything about an innovation project plan is guesswork. It’s a plan based on what we HOPE will happen, rather than a plan based on any kind of EVIDENCE of what will happen.
Eric Reis put it well when he wrote “Planning and forecasting are only accurate when based on a long, stable operating history and a relatively static environment.”
Innovation projects have neither.
And yet companies cling to the business plan, because they lack any kind of credible alternative.
Unlike a plan for an existing business unit, innovation projects have no operating history; we are often striving to enter a new market where we have little experience; and (because companies are seeking to manage the financial risk) we usually have modest funding.
Putting it all together we have:
When we put it like that the challenge for intrapreneurs and companies alike is clear.
Instead of a “fantasy plan”, what we need is a way for us to document our strategy, and a process through which to evolve it: A new kind of plan that can adapt and change as we learn more about the market, about our own capabilities, and about what really brings us success.
Okay, we’re all agreed. Business Plans are useless for intrapreneurs. But the learning we get from the act planning is essential.
How can we do some planning and document our learnings without the onerous and ineffective process of writing a business plan?
As intrapreneurs we do two things instead:
Let’s look at both of those in a bit more detail.
For early stage exploration, we love using the Lean Canvas . It’s our tool of choice and we teach it in all our courses .
If you’re familiar with the Business Model Canvas and it’s companion, the Value Proposition Canvas, you’ll find that that the Lean Canvas omits some of the boxes that aren’t so important for early-stage innovation projects. By doing so it provides wonderfully succinct one-page summary of all the key things you need to think about on a day-to-day basis.
When we use the Lean Canvas, instead of spending days or weeks researching and writing a business plan, we can often brainstorm a business model in a few hours. The business model captures all our assumptions about the customer, our offering, how we will enter the market, how we will make money… and much more.
Then it’s time to move rapidly on to testing our ideas in the real world. That’s when we need a process…
Launching a new product or service is an iterative journey. At the heart of that journey are Growth Experiments. These are experiments that are performed by intrapreneurs who want to test out parts of their business model and validate (or invalidate) their assumptions.
Growth Experiments provide the structure through which intrapreneurs can deliver new value to customers and drive growth.
Growth Experiments work like this:
To learn more about how to develop a business model for your internal startup, and how to plan, build and learn from growth experiments, the best place to start is our Intrapreneurship Mastery Programme . Or, if you want to read some more first, we’ve got a free intrapreneurship guide that goes into more detail too.
We hope this article has provided some insight into why business plans should be avoided by intrapreneurs. If you have any questions about business plans, business models or growth experiments feel free to message us .
The vital role of a vision statement in innovation projects, the subtle art of crafting a vision statement: 3 big mistakes and how to avoid them, 30 best intrapreneurship books to read in 2024, how to read and evaluate a business model using the lean canvas, join the intrapreneur nation global community of intrapreneurs.
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Step 4. Sketch. After taking the time to choose a target market for your corporate startup, and then performing first-party research to get a full understanding of the problem, Step 4 of the Corporate Entrepreneurship Roadmap is to focus on solutions. But you won't be building anything yet.
Conclusion: What You Can Learn From These Intrapreneur Examples. Intrapreneurship is all about harnessing the entrepreneurial spirit within an established organization. The examples of intrapreneurs we have explored demonstrate that innovation and creativity can come from anyone, regardless of their position or title within a company.
Entrepreneurship is the process that turns those ideas into actual innovations, and when it occurs in large corporations we tend to refer to it as intra preneurship or corporate innovation. In ...
Encourage your employees by giving them the tools they need to succeed. When your intrapreneurs have come up with an idea that you think is worth implementing, it's important to give them the right tools to make these plans a reality. Start by trying to manifest their ideas on a small scale. Once you have achieved satisfactory results through ...
7. Be Conscientious and Disciplined: The Foundation of Achievement. Organization, dependability, and hard work are essential traits for intrapreneurs. They follow through on their commitments and keep their projects on track, ensuring that their ideas come to fruition.
To create intrapreneurs, reverse the job description process. Match an employee's gifts with your company's needs. This ensures your company's needs are addressed by a person with the ...
It can be as simple as testing a new product, a new service, a better way to communicate, an expansion to a new market or an improvement to a current system. In order to be an intrapreneur, do the ...
Here is the highly-curated list of 20 tips to help you grow and succeed as an intrapreneur: 1. Know Your Stuff. "Knowledge is love and light and vision.". Helen Keller. Intrapreneurs should be well aware of the goings-on and have a firm knowledge about the project or company they are working for. In addition, you should know your idea and ...
Intrapreneurship is acting like an entrepreneur within an established company. It's creating a new business or venture within an organization. Sometimes that business becomes a new section, or department, or even a subsidiary spinoff. Chances are there's a handy example of intrapreneurship stuck to your desk: the Post-it note.
Plus, being an intrapreneur allows you to pursue a passion project with the added benefit of having a company's resources and budget—as opposed to having to start from scratch and launch it all on your own. As an intrapreneur, your experience is tied to in-demand skills that are transferable anywhere you go, instead of a specific job title.
Essentially, an intrapreneur is an employer-sponsored entrepreneur. Some key characteristics of intrapreneurs are: They risk something of value, like time or effort. They innovate and create. They work independently within their company. They locate necessary resources within their company. They share the reward of their risk with their company.
Add in the company logo and a table of contents that follows the executive summary. 2. Executive summary. Think of the executive summary as the SparkNotes version of your business plan. It should ...
Both entrepreneurs and intrapreneurs apply qualities like passion, empathy, critical thinking and collaboration to help their organizations compete and evolve. Yet although they use similar ...
In a nutshell, intrapreneurship is simply entrepreneurship within an organization or company. Intrapreneurs are entrepreneurs operating within the structure of a company. They are at the forefront of innovation and are given control of products and services that affect the company's future growth. Read on to discover how intrapreneurship ...
In 1978, Gifford Pinchot III and Elizabeth S. Pinchot coined the term "intrapreneur" in a white paper titled "Intra-Corporate Entrepreneurship." Like an entrepreneur, an intrapreneur stimulates innovation by developing new ideas and products. Learn about the differences between intrapreneurs and entrepreneurs and how each of these roles functions within the business world.
Read on and learn how to turn difficult and dull into intriguing and inviting. Step 1: The Executive Summary. Step 2: The Management Section. Step 3: The Product Section. Step 4: The Industry ...
Entrepreneurship and intrapreneurship are two buzzwords that have been used interchangeably, but in reality, they have very distinct differences. An entrepreneur is someone who creates a new business from scratch, whereas an intrapreneur is an individual who works within an established company and brings innovative ideas to the table. In this article, we will dive into the differences between ...
A business plan forces you to think things through early; it ensures you have well-defined venture goals. Clear goals help generate a clear path for you and your team to follow as you begin to implement your venture. The executive summary is a 2- to 5-page section that summarizes the plan's main points.
You can use these six steps to help create better pitches to potential clients. Just reframe the language a little, and you'll be well on your way to more sophisticated proposals.) Step one ...
This is where intrapreneurs come in and are changing the future of businesses, as they create a culture that is not afraid to take 'considered' risk, as this provides the company with the ability ...
ULTIMATE GUIDE FOR. ASPIRING INTRAPRENEURS THE. INTRAPRENEURSHIP. s and minimize risks in the development of new projects t. rough the support of an existing. A passionate and ambitious. intrapreneur with an innovative idea. who is supported. by a mentor from an existing business who can share technical, human and financial resources.
When we use the Lean Canvas, instead of spending days or weeks researching and writing a business plan, we can often brainstorm a business model in a few hours. The business model captures all our assumptions about the customer, our offering, how we will enter the market, how we will make money… and much more.
Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like An entrepreneurial _____ is a group of experienced people from different areas of business who join together to form a _____ team with the skills needed to develop, make, and market a new product., Select all that apply In addition to good ideas, entrepreneurs must Multiple select question. want to see their dream become reality ...
Plan and track enterprise projects, gain visibility into capacity, ensure alignment to business objectives, monitor insights and results, and support data-driven decision-making. Make informed decisions and gather insights by building effective dashboards with user-friendly, visual tools.